The hypotheses "pollutants can drastically affect global temperature" or "chlorofluorocarbons effectively alter the ozone layer" can be used to investigate two potential questions, including how pollutants might affect global warming and why chlorofluorocarbons harm the ozone layer.
How do hypotheses work?A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon (plural: hypotheses). If a hypothesis cannot be tested by the scientific process, it cannot be referred to as a scientific hypothesis. Observations from the past that cannot be fully explained by the body of knowledge at this time often serve as the foundation for scientific ideas. Although the phrases "hypothesis" and "theory" are sometimes used synonymously, a scientific hypothesis is distinct from a scientific theory. A recognized theory that has gained shaky support and is advanced for further study is called a working hypothesis.
Therefore, we may conclude that by using the scientific method, which comprises conducting experiments to support or deny the hypothesis, hypotheses like, for example, whether pollutants may effect global warming by acting as greenhouse gases, can be solved.
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could someone explain this to me
The average beak depth of the surviving birds is between 8.80 to 9.85 mm and the beak depth of non-surviving birds is between 7.52 to 11.20mm. so I would expect that those birds continued to reproduce and pass on the genes for a deeper beak. In subsequent years the beak depth decreased slightly. Generally, the additional variables did not show strong evidence of impacting survival, so beak depth is the trait driving the evolutionary trend. You may wish to add statistical calculations to this question.
What is bird’s beak?
An external anatomical feature called the beak, bill, or rostrum is usually present in birds but can also be seen in turtles, non-avian dinosaurs, a few mammals, and other animals. To eat, groom, manipulate things, kill prey, battle, probe for food, court, and feed young, an animal uses its beak.
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which of the following are non polar
1-lipids
2-carbohydrates
3-proteins
4-both carbohydrates and proteins
lipids are non polar .
Lipids are non-polar molecules that contains organic compounds like carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms that form a structure and function of living cells. Nonpolar lipids reports for more than 90% of the total lipids. Triglycerides are the major components of nonpolar lipids. Palmitic, linoleic and oleic acids constitute 80 to 85% of the total fatty acids of both fractions in each species.
lipids are non polar because electrons in the covalent bonds are divided equally between carbons and hydrogen . Hence ,long chain of carbon and hydrogen bond makes nonpolar molecules .
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Within the active site of an enzyme, the amino acid side chains interact with the substrate. When the substrate binds, it causes a slight confirmational shift in the enzyme and active site, which induces what in the substrate?
When the substrate binds, it causes a slight confirmational shift in the enzyme and active site, which induces a slight change in shape in the substrate.
What is an enzyme?An enzyme is defined as a type of protein that has the ability to increase the rate of a chemical reaction but remains unchanged at the end of the chemical reaction.
The enzyme consists of a binding site that is made up of amino acids where the substrate interacts.
A slight conformational shift occurs in the active site of the enzyme which automatically leads to the slight change in shape of the substrate and formation of substrate-enzyme complex.
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My question is in the image!!
C. ADP + P ---> ATP
why it is difficult to accurately quantify the quantum of carbon released from terrestrial ecosystems that are as a result of land-use change.
It is difficult to accurately quantify the quantum of carbon released from terrestrial ecosystems because Land uses and land cover changes have remarkable environmental outcome at local, regional, and global scales.
In terrestrial ecosystems carbon is stored within biomass, such as tropical and temperate forests. Carbon is transferred to the soil via leaf litter, roots and plant debris upon decomposition. Bacteria contributes in decomposition of dead matter to releases Carbon back to the atmosphere. So the land usage changes may cause intense inference at the regional and global scales for global loss of biodiversity, distresses in hydrogen and carbon cycle .
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Which of these sources is most likely to be credible when it comes to information on the advantages and disadvantages of using plastics?
a catalog of plastic products
a company trying to sell plastic products
a group of scientists studying plastic products
a group of activists against using plastic products
The most credible source that gives the information on the advantages and disadvantages of using plastics is: a group of scientists studying plastic products.
Plastics are the synthetic polymers. These are used for various purposes like furniture, kitchen-wares, packaging materials, containers, etc. The material that make up the plastics are: polyethylene, PVC, nylon, etc. Plastics are non-biodegradable in nature.
Scientists are people who do research and perform experiments about various scientific aspects. They may also discover new things. Scientists are the most credible source for the knowledge about plastics because they give facts based on their research and experiments.
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Answer:
C on edge
Explanation:
just did it <3
Label cells and extracellular matrix ECM
Cell- The fundamental units of all living organisms are cells. There are many billions of cells in a human body. They provide the body structure, absorb nutrients from meals, turn those into energy, and perform certain tasks.
Extracellular Matrix ECM- The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex network made up of several multidomain macromolecules arranged according to the cell/tissue in which they are found. The mechanical characteristics of tissues are influenced by the structural stability of the composite formed by the linking of ECM components.
Macromolecules- Any extremely big molecule, typically having a diameter between 100 and 10,000 angstroms ([tex]10^{-5}[/tex] to [tex]10^{-3}[/tex] mm). The smallest component of a material that nevertheless has its distinctive qualities is its molecule.
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Use what you know about fossils to choose the correct answers from the drop-down menus to complete each statement.
The statement that is true about fossils is that the fossils provide a record of animals that are or no longer living.
As the fossil record demonstrates, fossils are the traces or impressions of extinct animals from prior geological eras that have been preserved in sedimentary rock.
Why is Statement 1 untrue?
Over 3 billion years have passed since the Earth's plates began to move. They proceed extremely slowly. And continents either break away or collide to form a single, enormous continent. Continents that were once together must have been together in the geological past, according to fossils of the same genus or species.
The question given has no options. Hence, it is incomplete. The full question is as follows:
Use what you know about fossils to choose the correct answers from the drop-down menus to complete each
statement
If the same organism appears on two different continents, this is evidence of
Fossils show how organisms change, or
over time.
Fossils provide a record of animals that are
or no longer living.
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biology question please help!
Answer:
Explanation:
Methane and oxygen will give carbon dioxide and water
I do not know what exactly is the question is it to balance the equation?
What organelle functions are not important or could be done by another organelle in a cell? (Don’t say that they’re all important even though they are)
Answer:Cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is present both in plant and animal cells.
Explanation:
compare and contrast a community and a ecosystem
A community is a group of populations that habit a given geographic area, while an ecosystem also includes abiotic factors.
What is a community?In ecology, a community can be defined as a group of populations of different species that live together in a given area. Conversely, an ecosystem is a community, and also abiotic factors such as temperature that interact to shape the environment.
Therefore, we can conclude that a community is different of the term ecosystem because this last one also include abiotic factors instead of only biotic factors (i.e, group of populations).
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What is the highest percentage of water vapor that can be in the air?
Question 1 options:
15%
4%
100%
60%
read the attachment 15 points
The statement it prevents particles from transferring thermal energy between the inner and outer bottles best describes the purpose of the vacuum inside a thermos (Option D).
What is the meaning of a vacuum?The main meaning of a vacuum is to leave space (empty space) in order to produce a completely closed system, which may be used for investigation purposes such as, for example, to understand how a steady temperature may affect a given enzymatic process.
In a vacuum, the energy can not be transferred and therefore the temperature will remain constant in the closed system. This situation allow us to understand certain physical and chemical processes in the real world.
Therefore, we can conclude that using a vacuum may be very useful to avoid the transference of energy and thus generate a completely closed system to study its properties and characteristics.
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difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acid. which type is more likely to be liquid?
Answer:
The main difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids is that saturated fatty acids have no double bond and unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds forming mon or poly-unsaturated fatty acid. An unsaturated fatty acid is usually liquid at room temperature
Explanation:
Because of the presence of a double bond in the hydrocarbon chain of unsaturated fatty acid a bend is formed at that point. So, atoms are less tightly compact at that point. That is the reason it is in liquid form and more susceptible to reaction. while in saturated double bond all atoms are tightly packed in straight chain
An adaptation that some plants
have to help avoid herbivory is
that...
A. they grow taller to be out of reach.
B. they are toxic or poisonous.
C. They grow underground to avoid detection.
An adaptation that some plants have to help avoid herbivores is that they are toxic or poisonous (Option B).
What is a biological adaptation?A biological adaptation is any particular trait or behavior in an organism that maximizes its evolutionary fitness, i.e. its differential rate for reproduction and survival in particular environmental conditions such as toxicity in plants to avoid predators by enhancing its performance of survival.
Therefore, with this information, we can conclude that a biological adaptation can be associated with toxicity in plants which is required to avoid predators by enhancing plant performance of survival.
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When the product of a reaction becomes the inhibitor of the enzyme that is
catalyzing the reaction, what is occurring?
allosteric activation
allosteric inhibition
feedback inhibition
competitive inhibition
c) feedback inhibition
after a signal binds to a signal receptor, the next step is transduction. why is the signal transduction step necessary?
After a signal binds to a signal receptor, the next step is transduction. The signal transduction steps are necessary because the more molecules that share the obligation of passing the sign to spark off the effector the greater fast and more efficaciously the message can spread.
Signal transduction is the method via which an extracellular molecule turns on a membrane protein, which in flip turns on molecules inside the mobile.
Signal transduction pathways are used to deliver messages of ligands into adjustments of the organic activity of target cells. Aberrant signaling through communication pathways may additionally result in illnesses, and signal transduction pathways are increasingly the target for drug development.
In effect, signal transduction is stated to have three steps: First, reception, wherein the sign molecule binds the receptor. Then, signal transduction, that's wherein the chemical signal affects a series of enzyme activations. in the end, the reaction, is the ensuing cell responses.
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An organism that carries out photosynthesis and occupies the lowest trophic
level is called a(n)___.
A. primary consumer
B. autotroph
C. secondary consumer
D. heterotroph
Answer:
autotroph
Explanation:
that's the answer
During the winter, many creatures are able to drastically decrease their body temperatures and energy use and enter a reduced state of metabolism. This state is known asA)camouflage.B)hibernation.C)hyperventilation.D)migration.
B.) Hibernation.
Hibernation is when animals during winter tend to stay still and reduce the metabolism. Is exactly what the parragraph states.
Do you believe humans evolved from apes? Why do you think that?
Answer:
NO
Explanation:
We do share a common ape ancestor with chimpanzees. It lived between 8 and 6 million years ago. But humans and chimpanzees evolved differently from that same ancestor. All apes and monkeys share a more distant relative, which lived about 25 million years ago.
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Chimpanzees and other living big apes are not the ancestors of humans. Instead, our ancestor was a person like you and me who lived around 10 million years ago.
Chimpanzees and we do have a shared ape ancestry. Between 8 and 6 million years ago, it was alive. However, chimpanzees and humans diverged from the same progenitor in distinct ways. A more distant cousin of all apes and monkeys existed around 25 million years ago. Researchers believe that as early humans began to spend more time on the ground, they started to set themselves apart from early chimpanzees. Isbell speculated that when our ancestors explored new environments, they could have been on the lookout for food. Our common ancestor with apes, who lived and perished in the distant past, is where we originated and descended from. This proves that not only are we apes ourselves, but also that we are linked to other apes. The other current ape species, who coexist with us in the wild and in zoos, have also descended from that same common ancestor.To learn more about apes
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RNA polymerase moves in what direction along the DNA molecule during transcription?
5' to 3' along the double-stranded DNA
5' to 3' along the complementary strand
3' to 5' along either strand of DNA
3' to 5' along the template strand
5' to 3' along the double-stranded DNA. Option A.
Once the RNA polymerase and associated transcription factors are in place, the single-stranded DNA is exposed and ready for transcription. At this point, RNA polymerase begins moving down the DNA template strand in the 3' to 5' direction, aligning complementary nucleotides as it does so.
Duplication occurs only in the 5' to 3' direction. This is because the incoming nucleotide undergoes nucleophilic attack by the 3' hydroxyl group of the growing strand with an alpha fluorophore at the 5' phosphate group. Therefore DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to the growing strand and cannot initiate replication. RNA polymerase can only transcribe in one direction 5' to 3' but one strand of template DNA is read in the opposite direction 3' to 5'.
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Cell Transport
1) Complete the table by checking the correct column for each statement:
Statement
Isotonic Hypotonic
solution
solution
Causes a cell to swell
Doesn't change the shape of a cell
Causes a cell to shrink
Hypertonic
solution
A Hypotonic solution is a fluid with fewer dissolved particles than are present in blood and healthy cells, such as salt and other electrolytes.
What ingredients are present in hypotonic solutions?A fluid with fewer dissolved particles than are present in blood and healthy cells, such as salt and other electrolytes. In order to treat or prevent dehydration, fluids are frequently administered intravenously to hospitalized patients using hypotonic solutions.
Hypotonic solution either grows or shrinks Explain.The cell is constricting as a result of an increased solute content in a hypertonic solution and a net migration of water outside. A hypotonic solution induces internal water exchange within the cell and reduces solute concentration, which may result in swelling or cell rupture.
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What is osmosis? Describe this process including the types of molecules that move and the energy required. Include in your description details about the areas of concentration on either side of a membrane when osmosis occurs.
Answer:
Osmosis: Water diffuses through a semipermeable membrane during osmosis, a particular type of diffusion.
Explanation:
Water easily travels across a membrane in a potential gradient from high to low. Osmosis, one of the most important natural processes, is a natural occurrence. A weaker salt solution will often migrate to a stronger salt solution throughout this process. Reverse osmosis is capable of eliminating up to 99%+ of the dissolved salts (ions), particles, colloids, organics, bacteria, and pyrogens from the feed water, yet it shouldn't be relied upon to entirely remove bacteria and viruses. A RO membrane rejects contaminants based on their size and charge. A correctly operating RO system will likely reject any pollutant with a molecular weight more than 200 (for contrast, a water molecule has a molecular weight of 2).
A few calculations are employed for both design considerations and performance evaluation of a RO system. Instrumentation in a RO system shows quality, flow, pressure, and occasionally other information like temperature or operating hours. The following operational metrics are necessary in order to appropriately assess the performance of a RO system, at the very least:
Feeding forcePermeate forceIncrease your pressure.Charge conductivityTransparent conductivitySupply flowfluid permeationTemperatureREJECTION OF SALT %
You may determine from this equation how well the RO membranes remove impurities. It provides information on the system as a whole rather than the performance of each individual membrane. 95% to 99% of most feed water impurities will be rejected by a RO system that is well-designed and has RO membranes that are operating effectively (that are of a certain size and charge). The following equation can be used to calculate how well the RO membranes are eliminating contaminants:
Conductivity of Feed Water - Conductivity of Permeate Water 100; Salt Rejection%
Feed Conductivity
The system works better the higher the salt rejection. A poor rejection of salt may indicate that the membranes need to be cleaned or replaced.
PASSAGE SALT
This is the percentage of salts flowing through the RO system in terms of quantity. The method works better the lower the salt channel is. A high salt passage could indicate that the membranes need to be cleaned or replaced.
(1 minus Salt Rejection%) = Salt Passage
RECOVERY
Water that is being "recovered" as good permeate water is measured by percent recovery. The quantity of water that is not drained as concentrate but is instead collected as permeate or product water is another way to conceive of percent recovery. The higher the recovery percentage, the more permeate water is being saved and less water is being sent to the drain as concentrate.
There are many industrial applications that call for demineralized or deionized water, and reverse osmosis is a reliable and efficient technology to generate water that is suited for these uses. The quality of the RO permeate can be improved through additional post-treatment after the RO system, such as mixed bed deionization, making it appropriate for the most demanding applications. An RO system's proper pretreatment and monitoring are essential for avoiding expensive repairs and unforeseen maintenance. Your RO system should deliver high purity water for many years if it is designed properly, has a maintenance schedule, and is supported by knowledgeable service personnel.
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What function is shared by both the skeletal system and the muscular system?
warming the body
protecting vital organs
creating red blood cells
fighting bacterial infections
Skeletal system and the muscular system help in protecting vital organs.
What is skeletal system?The skeletal system aids in defending the body's essential organs. The body's bones and joints are all part of the skeletal system. Each bone contains several cells, protein fibers, and minerals to form a complex living organ.
The soft tissues that make up the rest of the body's soft tissues are supported and shielded by the skeleton, which serves as a scaffold. Muscles can link to the skeletal system at specific places to enable joint mobility.
One of the three important muscle tissues in the human body is found in the skeleton. Thousands of muscle fibers are encased in connective tissue sheaths to form each skeletal muscle. Fasciculi are the individual bundles of muscular fibers that make up skeletal muscles.
Therefore, Skeletal system and the muscular system help in protecting vital organs.
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Do most hormone feedback loops operate on a negative feedback loop or a positive feedback loop and why? Which kind of feedback loop is more common in the human body? How one of the feedback loops works for regulation of hormones in the bloodstream
Most feedbabk loops hormones work on a negative feedback loop, that increase output from system inhibits future production of the hormone by the system, the body reduces the amount of the hormone or proteins when their levels get too high in the bloodstream (most of the endocrine hormones are regulated that way), this ensures homeostasis. The negative feedback is the most common in the human body. The feedback loops control the amount and liberation of hormones by the balance of concentration of these in the bloodstream, if there is high amount of the substance it will start several molecular signals that will interrupt the production of the hormone, and therefore give the time for the body metabolize the ones already present in the bloodstream.
The evolution of new traits is possible because_________________
a) selection can anticipate future environmental changes.
b) mutation and recombination during sexual reproduction produce new genotypes.
c) selection can act on the expression of existing traits in new tissue/organs leading to
novel functions.
d) punctuated equilibrium and gradualism always take place in nature.
Answer:
the answer is d
the answer is d
Which statement about development in the embryonic stage of development is true?
a. The embryo is viable by the end of the stage.
b. The primitive portions of the brain form last.
c. At this end of this period, the organism is about 10 inches long.
d. The eyes develop between days 21 and 28.
Your baby goes through a period of rapid change after conception known as the embryonic stage. The infant is referred to as an embryo at this point. The eyes form between days 21 and 28.
What is meant by the embryonic stage?Your baby goes through a period of rapid change after conception known as the embryonic stage. From the fifth to the tenth week of pregnancy, this phase lasts. The infant is referred to as an embryo at this point. The embryonic stage is when a lot of changes take place.
An embryo exists the first stage of a multicellular organism's development. Embryonic development is the phase of the life cycle that starts right after the male sperm cell fertilizes the female egg cell in sexually reproducing organisms.
The embryo is about the size of a pea at four weeks old. The head is defined by crudely drawn eyes and ears, and tiny bumps serve as the body's arms and legs. The embryo also has a developing nervous system and its head is growing.
Therefore, the correct answer is option d. The eyes form between days 21 and 28.
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changing a state of matter changes the atoms in a substance true or false?
Answer:
false
Explanation:
i hope this help the atoms stay the same
Which is NOT one of the factors used
to determine growth rate?
A. number of individuals past the reproducing age
B. number of deaths
C. number of individuals moving into and out of the
population
D. number of births
Answer:
C
Explanation:
A- Means less births due to less fertility.
B-The deaths means less lives and decrease in growth rate.
C-Does not affect frowth rate.
D-Is increasing growth rate
HELP!!!
In your own words, describe what an enzyme is, its main function, its general structure, and how it accomplishes its task. Using your best grammar, write 3-6 sentences.