1.
Sir William Ramsey is one scientist credited with identifying the noble gas argon. Sir Ramsey
separated nitrogen gas from the air and reacted it with an excess of magnesium, producing solid
magnesium nitride. However, a small sample of an unreactive gas remained with a density different
from the density of the nitrogen gas. Sir Ramsey identified the unreactive gas as argon and later
went on to discover neon, krypton, and xenon.
State, in terms of valence electrons, why the noble gases that Sir Ramsey discovered have similar
chemical properties.

The measurement is 3 inches.

The attributes of an object or an event are measured and quantified so that they can be compared to other things or events. Therefore, measurement is the process of determining the size or smallness of a physical quantity in comparison to a primary reference quantity of a similar kind.

The range and applications of measurement depend on the situation and industry. Measurements do not apply to nominal attributes of things or occurrences in the natural sciences and engineering, as stated in the International Vocabulary of Metrology published by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures.

However, measures in a number of fields, such as statistics and the social and behavioral sciences, might comprise more than one level.

The specified length is 3 inches.

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Yes the fact is the carbon-oxygen bond length in CO2^-2 is greater than the carbon-oxygen bond length in CO2.

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The heat required to vaporize this sample at standard pressure is 113,270 J.

We can calculate the amount of heat (Q) needed to vaporize 50.0 grams of water by using water's heat of vaporization (q) at 100 °C (boiling point of water) - 40.8 kJ/mol, and the number of moles of water (n).

Q = n * q

The heat of vaporization describes the amount of energy needed to be introduced to a single mol of water at 100 °C to break the intermolecular interactions between molecules of water so it changes to a gaseous state.

To calculate the number of moles of water, we are going to use the mass of water (m = 50.0 g) and its molar mass (M = 18.01 g/mol):

n = m/M

n = 50.0 g / 18.01 g/mol

n = 2.7762 mol

Now we can calculate the amount of heat needed:

Q = 2.7762 mol * 40.9 kJ/mol

Q = 113.27 kJ

Q = 113,270 J

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Allied health acetylsalicylic acid means aspirin can be synthesized by combining salicylic acid and acetic acid through a condensation reaction. the group from phenol on the salicylic acid condenses with the carboxylic acid group of acetic acid, forming acetylsalicylic acid and condensation reaction means any of a class of reactions in which two molecules combine usually in the presence of a catalyst with elimination of water or some other simple molecule

Aspirin can be relieve pain and reduce the serious problems like heart attacks and strokes and aspirin are form of combining salicylic acid and acetic acid through in which two molecules combine in the presence of catalyst with elimination of water and the reaction is

salicylic acid + acetic acid →  acetylsalicylic acid

And then phenol on the salicylic acid condenses with the carboxylic acid group of acetic acid means

phenol + salicylic acid → carboxylic acid group of acetic acid

Structure of acetylsalicylic acid are given below

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At 300 degrees Celsius, the rate constant for this alternative order response is 0.850 m1 s1.

The adjectives "dilute" for results of relatively low attention and "concentrated" for results of comparatively strong focus are widely used when characterizing attention in informal, non-technical language. To concentrate a result, one must either increase the solute (such as alcohol) or decrease the detergent ( for illustration, water). To adulterate a result by disparity, one must either use more detergent or use less solute.

No more solute will dissolve after a certain point unless two substances are miscible. At this stage, the result is referred to as saturated. A product that has been impregnated with fresh solute will not dissolve, with the exception of certain circumstances.

When two or more motes meet with the proper exposure and force to create a new product, it is known as a chemical reaction. The links between the titles are broken and formed during this process. Reactants are composites that interact to make new composites, whereas products are composites that have just formed.

Situations, which might have a high or low value on the perpendicular axis of a graph and reflect the internal schema of situations, are usually referred to as attention ( for illustration," high serum situations of bilirubin" are attention of bilirubin in the blood serum that are lesser than normal).

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Peter measured the height of a plant five times the measurement that is the least precise is 19.4 cm,

This is further explained below.

Generally, The accuracy of a material is defined as the degree to which two or more measurements agree with one another.

It is incredibly precise but not always accurate to measure something if you weigh it five times and get 3.2 kg each time. Accuracy is not necessary for precision.

In conclusion, Peter took five different readings of the height of a plant, and the one that is the least accurate is 19.4 centimeters.

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2+

Ions are separated into cations and anions.

Oxidation State

The roman numeral after iron represents the oxidation state. The oxidation state shows the hypothetical charge of an atom. Since iron can have different oxidation states, it needs to be noted using a roman numeral. Iron can either be iron (II) or iron (III), which have a 2+ and 3+ charge, respectively.

Cations

Ions are atoms that have negative or positive charges. Negative ions are called anions, and positive ions are called cations. Atoms that have almost full valence shells (5-7 valence electrons) take electrons and become anions. Atoms that have almost empty valence shells (1-3 valence electrons) lose electrons and become cations.

Iron (II) has 2 valence shell electrons, so it will be a cation. When it bonds, it will lose both valence electrons. Since atoms gain a 1+ charge for every electron it loses, iron (II) will have a 2+ charge.

When Carter went outside one summer day to check the mail, the following statements accurately identify the types of energy transfer:

Conduction, convection and radiation are all methods of heat transfer. Conduction is the transfer of heat between two solid bodies in contact. It occurs when two solid bodies of different bodies are in contact, and heat always flows from the hotter body to the colder body.

Convection occurs when heat is transferred by the flow of matter in a liquid or gas. Liquids and gases are normally poor conductors of heat, but they are able to transfer heat through convection as the molecules of the fluid carry the thermal energy as they move. Radiation is the transfer of heat in a vacuum. Unlike conduction and convection, radiation does not require a material medium, as heat is transferred by electromagnetic waves.

When carter stepped on the sidewalk, there was a temperature difference between his foot and the sidewalk. This enabled the transfer of heat from the sidewalk to his feet through conduction. The sidewalk, however, was hot because it had been exposed under the sun. Infrared red rays from the sun transfer heat by radiation to the surface of the earth, and the sidewalk absorbed some of this radiation.

Radiation is also absorbed by the wind and carried about by convection, just like the warm breeze carter felt on his face. Some radiation was absorbed by Carter's skin, which was the warmth he felt on his skin from the sunshine. The sunlight touching his face is not an example of conduction because conduction only occurs when two solid surfaces are in contact.

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The volume of an ideal gas in a certain pressure, V = 2,353 m³.

To calculate the volume of ideal gas at a temperature use the formula,

PV = nRT

Where,

P is pressure

V is volume

n is number of moles

R is gas constant

T is temperature

Given values are,

P = 2.65 atm

n = 1.25 moles

R = 8.314 J/mol.k

T = 600K

V = ?

Now that when we have entered the data into the formula,

2.65 atm x V = 1.25 mol x  8.314 J/mol.k x 600 K

V = 6,235.5 / 2.65

V = 2,353 m³

Thus, the volume of an ideal gas in a certain pressure, V = 2,353 m³.

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Answer:

Your answer is C. Gas

Explanation:

Particles in a solid stay still and are compacted

Particles in a liquid move around more than they do when they are frozen

Particles in a gas bounce around more freely than both liquids and solids because they are being forced to be compacted in one area or shape

Hope this helps! Good Luck! 0w0

Answer: C, gas

the only one that would make sense

Answer:

Prior to sunrise

The result of the experiment caused Rutherford to conclude that the atom mostly was made of the empty spaces and had a positively charged nucleus in it.

Rutherford assaulted extremely thin sheets of gold foil with swiftly moving alpha (∝) particles, along with his colleagues Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden. Positively charged alpha particles have a mass that is around four times that of a hydrogen atom.

The majority of the alpha-particles, they discovered, were undeflected, and only a small percentage were bounced off the gold foil at extremely enormous angles. Some were even sent back in the direction of the source.

Rutherford thought about these findings and came to the following conclusion: The fact that the majority of alpha particles passed straight through the foil is proof that the atom is primarily made up of empty space. It was determined that there is a concentration of positive charge in the atom based on the small number of alpha particles that were deflected at large angles.

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According to the given statement these two changes have in common in Both are only chemical changes.

The correct option is C.

Chemical changes happen when bonds among atoms or molecules are formed, broken, or both. This suggests that a substance is transformed from one with a particular set of characteristics (such melting point, color, flavor, etc.) into one with a different set of characteristics.

The majority of our energy is produced by chemical reactions. Many different types of materials are tested, identified, and analyzed using chemical reactions (such as pool testing kits and forensic tests from TV shows like "CSI").

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A bicycle rusting after it is left in the rain is an example of a chemical reaction because it involves oxidation (Option d).  

A chemical reaction can be defined as a phenomenon in which one or more substances called reactants react to form one or more different compounds, which are known as products.

A chemical reaction may include an enzyme that works to increase the seed of the reaction in normal conditions by lowering the activation energy of the reaction.

Therefore, we can conclude that a chemical reaction such as oxidation in a bicycle is a process where reactants combine or break down to form the products of such reaction.

Complete question:

Which of the following situations contains an example of a chemical reaction?

a. Ice forming after water is placed in a freezer

b. Watercolor paint drying on paper

c. a sugar cube dissolving in a glass of water

d. a bicycle rusting after it is left in the rain

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Here hydroboration-oxidation, as well as oxymercuration-reduction, gives the same compound 1-cyclo pentanol.

A compound in linguistics is a lexeme (more precisely, a word or sign) composed of more than one stem. The process of word construction that results in compound lexemes is known as compounding, composition, or nominal composition.  An open compound or a spaced compound is one that uses a space rather than a hyphen or concatenation; the alternative is a closed compound.

The compound's meaning may be comparable to or distinct from the meanings of its constituents in isolation. With very few exceptions, the first component stem in English compound words is emphasized.

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Answer: Based on the stoichiometry 1 mole of carbon disulfide will produce 1 mole of carbon dioxide. Similarly we can apply the volume ratio, so 1.1L of carbon disulfide will produce 1.1L of carbon dioxide.

Aluminum metal is produced by passing an electric current through a solution of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) dissolved in molten cryolite (Na3AlF6).  the molar masses of Al2O3 is 101.96g/mol and Na3AlF6 is 209.94g/mol.

Electric currents are streams of electrically charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through a conductor or a void. It is calculated as the net rate of electric charge flowing through a surface or into a control volume. 622 The moving particles are the charge carriers, which can be any of a variety of particle types depending on the conductor. Electric circuits typically use electrons flowing through a wire as charge carriers. In semiconductors, they could either be electrons or holes. In an electrolyte, ions are the charge carriers, whereas in plasma, an ionized gas, ions and electrons are the charge carriers.

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Answer:

There's an experiment that you can try to see if carbon dixide is heavier than air.

Explanation:

At room temperature, carbon dioxide has higher density (ρ = 1.98 kg·m -3) than air (ρ = 1.29 kg·m -3). The density of gas, however, significantly depends on its temperature. Carbon dioxide produced by burning has higher temperature than the surrounding air.

Why is CO2 heavier than the air?

Short answer is CO2 is heavier than ambient air, but it does not drift to the ground as there is a lot of mixing going on in ambient air. ... Carbon dioxide, also known by the chemical formula CO2, has a higher density than the other gases found in air, which makes CO2 heavier than the air.

By ideal gas approximation, the volume change is 230.2 liters.

We need to know about the ideal gas theory to solve this problem. The ideal gas is assumed that there is no interaction between particles in a gas. It can be determined by the equation

P . V = n . R . T

where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles gas, R is the ideal gas constant (8.31 J/mol.K) and T is temperature.

From the question above, we know that

n₁ = 1 mol

n₂ = 1 + 9 mol = 10 mol

P₁ = P₂ = 100 kPa = 100000 Pa

T₁ = 74⁰ C = 347 K

Find the initial volume

P₁ . V₁ = n₁ . R . T₁

100000 . V₁ = 1 . 8.31 . 347

V₁ = 0.0288 m³

When the initial and final temperature and pressure are the same, we can use the ratio of the number of moles and volume as

V₁ / n₁ = V₂ / n₂

0.0288 / 1 = V₂ / 9

V₂ = 0.25952 m³

V₂ = 259.52 liters

The volume change is

ΔV = V₂ - V₁

ΔV = 259.52 - 28.8

ΔV = 230.2 liters

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The linear features in the given image resemble a homogenous, radial drainage pattern type volcanic river which is not easily erodible.

A river that emerges from the volcano's center flank is its most notable feature. The result is a volcanic river feature resembling a triangle-shaped accumulation of pebbles, sand, and even finer sedimentary rocks, like silt.

As the volcanic river systems exit, the drainage pattern is radial. For mountainous terrain, we often see a radial drainage pattern.

We can observe that the drainage pattern of the volcanic river is in a clear and well-oriented position, indicating that the underlying material is homogenous. We cannot obtain such a sort of characteristic in a heterogeneous material and thus the substance is homogenous because of this.

The materials of the volcanic river are not easily erodible since they are highly robust.

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The partial pressures, based on the equilibrium constant, are 0.2825 atm for hydrogen, 0.0509 atm for chlorine and 1.6666 atm for HCl.

We know that:
[tex]pH_{2} + pCl_{2} + pHCl = 2 atm[/tex]

pH₂ - partial pressure of hydrogen

pCl₂ - partial pressure of chlorine

pHCl - partial pressure of HCl

We also know that the expression for the equilibrium constant looks like this:

[tex]K_{p} =\frac{pHCl^{2} }{pH_{2}*pCl_{2} } =193[/tex]

Because the total coefficients on the left and right sides of the reaction are equal (=2), then Kp = Kc. Finally, all the chlorine present in the mixture comes from HCl degradation. If we mark the partial pressure of chlorine as X, then:

[tex]\frac{(3.59-2X)^{2} }{(0.47+X)*X } =193[/tex]

When transformed, we get the following quadratic equation:

[tex]189X^{2} + 105.07X - 12.8881 = 0[/tex]

X = 0.1034

This means that we have 0.1034 moles of chlorine. We can use that to calculate the moles of hydrogen and HCl:

(0.47+0.1034) = 0.5734 moles of hydrogen;

(3.59 - 2*0.1034) = 3.3832 moles of HCl

The partial pressure of a gas (pX) in a gas mixture is equal to the molar percentage multiplied by the total pressure:

pX = P(total) * nₓ / n(total)

We can use this to calculate the partial pressures of all the gases present in the mixture:
pH₂ = 2 atm * 0.5734 mol / (0.1034 mol + 0.5374 mol + 3.3832 mol) = 0.2825 atm

pCl₂ = 2 atm * 0.1034 mol / (0.1034 mol + 0.5374 mol + 3.3832 mol) = 0.0509 atm

pHCl = 2 atm * 3.3832 mol / (0.1034 mol + 0.5374 mol + 3.3832 mol) = 1.6666 atm

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The correct relationship between mechanical energy, kinetic energy, and potential energy is M.E = P.E + K.E.

Mechanical energy, is the energy that an object possesses when it is in motion or the energy that an object stores due to its location. Renewable energy is also fueled by mechanical energy. In order to efficiently produce electricity or convert energy, many sources of renewable energy depend on mechanical energy.

The expression for total mechanical energy is as follows

M.E = P.E + K.E

As total mechanical energy is the sum of all the kinetic as well potential energy stored in the system.

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Two different samples of the matter are measured in each of these glass containers. Both of the containers show same measure for both samples of matter. The samples most likely have in common is their volume.

Each thing in three dimensions takes up some space. The volume of this area is what is being measured. The space occupied within an object's borders in the three dimensions is referred to as its volume. It is sometimes referred to as object's capacity.

Volume is a measurement of the three-dimensional space that is occupied.

Numerous imperial units or the SI-derived units, such as the cubic meter and liter, are frequently used to quantify it numerically (such as the gallon, quart, cubic inch). Volume and length (cubed) have symbiotic relationship. The volume of container is typically thought of as its capacity, not as the amount of space it takes up. In other words, volume is the amount of fluid (liquid or gas) that the container may hold.

Volume was initially measured using naturally occurring containers of a similar shape and later with the standardized containers. Arithmetic formulas can be used to quickly calculate volume of some straightforward three-dimensional shapes. If a formula for shape's boundary is known, it is possible to use integral calculus to determine the volumes of more complex shapes. No object in dimensions of zero, one, or two has volume; in the dimensions of four and higher, the hypervolume is a concept similar to the normal volume.

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[tex]\quad \huge \quad \quad \boxed{ \tt \:Answer }[/tex]

[tex]\qquad \tt \rightarrow \:{4.88 × 10}{-15} \:\: joules [/tex]

____________________________________

[tex] \large \tt Solution \: : [/tex]

By using Plank's equation ;

[tex]\qquad \tt \rightarrow \: E = \dfrac{hc}{ \lambda} [/tex]

[tex]\qquad \tt \rightarrow \: E = \dfrac{6.6 \times 10 {}^{ - 34} \sdot3 \times 10 {}^{8} }{ 4.06 \times 10 {}^{ - 11} } [/tex]

[tex]\qquad \tt \rightarrow \: E = \dfrac{19.8}{4.06} \times (10 {}^{ - 26} \times 10 {}^{ 11 } )[/tex]

[tex]\qquad \tt \rightarrow \: E = 4.88 \times 10 {}^{ - 15} \: \: \: joules[/tex]

Answered by : ❝ AǫᴜᴀWɪᴢ ❞

Answer: The amount of heat needed to raise a substance's temperature by one Kelvin per kilogram. The heat needed to raise the temperature of a given substance with known mass can be calculated as follows:

                                      ΔH=mCΔT

ΔH=Amount of heat energy supplied

m=Mass of the substance = 15 g

ΔT=Change in temperature = Tfinal−Tinitial = 250° C - 275.0°C = -25°C

C=Specific heat capacity = 2.02 J/g °C

               ΔH=mCΔT

after putting the given values,

                ΔH= -757.5 J

The formula also shows that heat energy is released (negative value) when the change in temperature is negative, i.e., when the temperature of a substance falls.

Answer:

It's 0.2556054185018347 moles