2) Breaking covalent bonds always requires the input of energy and forming them always releases
energy. The following table shows the bond energies of some covalent bonds, this is the amount
of energy required to break the bonds as well as the amount of energy released when the bonds
form. Use the information in the table to determine whether the reactions are endothermic or
exothermic. (The structural formulae might help with this, feel free to look these up online.)
a) CH4(g) +202(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O (g)
ΔΗ =
b) CO(g) + 2H2(g) → CH3OH(1)
c) 2H2O(g) → 2H2(g) + O2(g)
-
d) 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g)
Bond
H-H
H-F
C-H
C-0
C=O
C-C
C-CI
Table 1 Average Bond Energies (kJ/mol)
Energy
432
565
413
ΔΗ =
ΔΗ –
358
1072
347
339
AH =
Bond
F-F
O-H
CI-CI
C-C
C=O
C-O (for CO₂(g))
0-0
Energy
154
467
239
614
745
799
495

Answer:

Energy conversions and synthesis of new molecules

The two processes that are shown in the image are the transport of molecules and energy conversions. Therefore, option C is correct.

The transport of molecules and energy conversions through the cell membrane are vital processes for the functioning of cells. The cell membrane is also known as the plasma membrane. It acts as a selective barrier that regulates the passage of substances in and out of the cell.

The cell membrane also plays a role in energy conversions. For example, during cellular respiration, the inner membrane of mitochondria (which are organelles within the cell) is involved in the electron transport chain. Thus, option C is correct.

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For earth science you have to study minerals and rocks, their definitions, gain some conceptual information and even have in mind their properties.

A mineral is a naturally occurring substance having unique atomic structures, compositions, and chemical and physical properties. Typically speaking, two or more minerals when are combined together through geological processes make up the rocks.

A rock can be described as an inorganic, naturally occurring, solid substance that typically has no atomic structure or chemical makeup.

Making up fairly similar to rock, the mineral has a distinct crystalline structure and chemical makeup. A mineral can be described as a solid, inorganic substance.

A mineral is a naturally occurring substance having unique atomic structures, compositions, and chemical and physical properties.

Typically, when two or more minerals are absolutely combined together through any geological processes, this makes up rocks.

The main distinction between these organic compounds and inorganic compounds is that organic molecules always contain an atom of carbon, whereas the majority of inorganic compounds do not.

Almost all organic compounds have a simple C-H bond or a carbon-hydrogen bond in them.

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Answer:

False

Explanation:

i have already done these questions in the assignment i took in my biology class.

Hope it helps

Because their molecular mobility slows down at low temperatures, the frequency of effective collisions between both the substrate and the enzyme is decreased. The body of a human is kept around 37 °C since this is the temperature during which our body's enzymes function most effectively.

The human cell's metabolism is carried at the 37 °C temperature. This is the temperature at which the enzyme activity is highest and all the enzyme related work carried out.

Enzyme- A biological catalyst called an enzyme is usually always a protein. It accelerates a certain chemical process in the cell. The enzyme is employed repeatedly and is not destroyed throughout the process.

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Answer:  B. Cells

Explanation:

CELLS

Ceramide is not a class of glycerophospholipids.

What is glycerophospholipids?

glycerophospholipids are detergents and as such they reduced water surface tension and stability dispersion of the compounds.

The capacity of phospholipids to function detergent is important in bile.

glycerophospholipids are composed of an ester  glycerol and phosphoric acid. It is characterized by phosphatic acid backbone.

It is major constitution of membrane and are responsible for the membrane being a bilayer.

It is composed of half of brains lipids .

The capacity of phospolipids to function as detergents is important in bile, where they favor the solubility of cholesterol.

Thus non of these options are in the catagory of glycerophospholipids

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The gene in the middle is R in a three-point testcross if the most abundant classes are rqh and rqh and the rarest classes are rhq and rhq.

The locations of three genes in the genome of an organism are identified using a three-point cross. A homozygous recessive individual is crossed with a person who is heterozygous for three mutations, and the progeny's phenotypes are graded. The parental gametes produce the two most prevalent phenotypes, while a double-crossing during gamete creation produces the two least prevalent phenotypes. The geneticist can identify which gene is situated between the other genes on the chromosome by comparing the phenotypes of the parental and double-crossover individuals. The most prevalent phenotypes are rqh and rqh while the least prevalent phenotypes are rhq and rhq, therfore the middle gene after comparing is R.

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She/he consequently had four doses, or one-sixth of the 24 dosages in the bottle, out of the total. As a result, she/he got 1/6 of the entire bottle.

When treating children's fevers or relieving pain, pediatricians most usually advise using TYLENOL. Distinct from other painkillers and fever reducers, TYLENOL for kids works in a different way. Children's TYLENOL contains acetaminophen and is gentle on young stomachs. It is also available in a variety of kid-friendly flavors.

This child received four of the bottle's 24 dosages. The number of times that four equals 24 is then. She/he consequently had four doses out of the 24 total doses in the bottle, or one-sixth of the dosages. As a result, she/he got 1/6 of the entire bottle.

As a result, She/He was given 1/6 of the entire bottle.

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The experimental investigation does not involve involve experiments.

A "fair test" is a technique used in experimental studies that are devised, measured, and regulated to gather data in order to accept or reject a formal relationship.

A control group is included in all experimental studies; this group does not require or undergo any form of experimental treatment.

For instance, a student might investigate "Discuss the impact of light hue on plant growth?" In this experiment, the pupil changed the light's changeable color. The student may contrast red light, green light, and natural light.

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The step of what is needed in the photosynthetic electron flow from water to NADP+ are:

1. No energy input required.

2. Energy input needed.

3. No energy input needed.

4. Energy input needed.

5. No energy input needed.

It moves between the two photosystems, electrons are transported successively, with photosystem I producing NADPH and photosystem II producing ATP.

Beginning at photosystem II, which is similar to the previously characterized photosynthetic reaction center of R. viridis, the electron flow channel begins.

The oxidative phosphorylation process, also known as the electron transport chain, is a collection of four protein complexes which tends to combine redox events to produce an electrochemical gradient that results in the production of ATP.

Therefore, Both photosynthesis and cellular respiration take place in mitochondria.

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See full question below

For each step of photosynthetic electron flow from water to NADP+, drag the appropriate label to indicate whether or not that step requires an input of energy.

1) Water to P680+

2) P680 to Pq (plastoquinone)

3) Pq to P700+

4) P700 to Fd (ferredoxin)

5) Fd to NADP+

The fascicles of the biceps brachii run in the same direction as the long axis of the muscle, and it's the muscle belly that is so distinctive when someone contracts this muscle. Considering this information, the biceps brachii is an example of a parallel muscle.

The ventral part of the upper arm has a big, muscular muscle called the biceps brachii.The muscle is made up of a long head (caput longum) and a short head (caput breve) (caput longum). The biceps muscle has two joints. Both muscles' head partially constrains opposite motions at the shoulder joint. While the short head pulls the arm back towards the trunk, the long head pushes the arm away from the trunk (abduction) and rotates it inward (inward rotation) (adduction).

Strap muscles are a type of parallel muscle because their fibers, as their name implies, run parallel to one another. Although they are not very strong, they have good endurance. They are often lengthy muscles that create significant movements. Sartorius and Sternocleidomastoid are two examples.

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Answer: The Correct answer is 3) Negatively charged electrons can move freely through a metal

Explanation:

The electric current can pass easily through a metal because the electrons or negatively charged ions are relatively free to move in metals. So, whenever current pass-through metals, electrons carry electricity and pass it through the metal. The movement of these electrons are the reason for conduction of current in metals.

Answer:Negatively charged electrons can move freely through a metal

As it appears to be in charge of many of the processes that support creative thinking, the frontal cortex has been referred to as the hub or center of creativity.

The frontal cortex are crucial for controlling higher order executive functions, expressive language, and physical movement. The ability to plan, organize, initiate, self-monitor, and control one's responses in order to accomplish a goal is referred to as having executive functions.

There are several symptoms that can result from frontal lobe brain damage, including behavioral issues and motor difficulties. The frontal lobe can be harmed by a number of disorders, such as dementia, head trauma, and stroke.

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An immunity used by human body is: (2) humoral immunity antibody mediated.

Immunity is the ability of the body to fight against the foreign invaders and the disease caused by them. This immunity can be active or passive. Active immunity is the one that the body develops by itself. Passive immunity is the one that is introduced into the body by injecting antibodies.

Humoral immunity is the response mediated by the antibodies present in the body for specific pathogens. It is driven by the B cells. Antibodies are the Y-shaped structures that are produced by the B cells in response to the invasion of certain foreign invaders also called the antigens.

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Answer:

Kingdom and phylum

Explanation:

I might be worng

A therapist might be required to violate confidentiality when the client threatens to harm himself.

Circumstances where a client threatens harm to themselves or others authorize a therapist to make a disclosure to an appropriate authority, be it the police or a family member. An exception may be made if the court solicits a psychologist to reveal confidential information without the consent of the individual.

Confidentiality is defined as a restriction on the volunteering of information outside of the courtroom setting, not to be confused with the concept of the psychotherapist-patient privilege. They apply to different possibilities and are addressed in different sections of law. The psychotherapist-patient privilege affords the holder of the patient the right to withhold testimony in a court of law.

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Answer:

B

Explanation:

Even in siblings whose parents are same, difference in characteristics because each parent have two different set of genes. they passes only one set of gene to the offspring and half that is pass down is random .

In an organism each characteristic is determine by the pair of genes. Each parent passes only one of the two gene of the pair for each characteristics to its offspring through gametes . These variations are necessary and are part of natural selection . variation in characteristic is important for the organism to adapt to various kind of environment and also helps in prevention of species from extinction .

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The range of pH may start above the optimum value 10 and reduces. In the second case, the temperature as the optimum temperature is taken to be as 60° and extends further.

According to present the data in the above provided graph, the activities of the Protease that are shown will always increase as the pH(alkalinity) increases but they may be starting from any pH value/concentration above the optimum value (10).

The activity presence of the enzyme Protease also starts to drop or just reduces drastically.

According to the data in the graph above, the activity of the enzyme Protease will always increase in its function, when the temperature increases up to the temperature 60degrees (the optimum temperature).

But the activity of the Protease enzyme will start to drop down, as temperature becomes greater than that of the optimum temperature (at 60degrees)

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chimpanzees raised by their parent tried to use the tool and the chimpanzees raised by human surrogates groups are more likely to demonstrate the technique if they are given the opportunity to use a toll after watching a person used the tool.

It is easier for the chimpanzees raised by a surrogate mother to carry out acts that have been performed in their presence since they have a human-chimpanzee bond and learn new things from the human environment. However, mother-raised chimps lack these relationships, making their actions seem weird in comparison. Because their upbringing will have a beneficial impact on their intelligence, chimpanzees raised by a surrogate mother will have more developed intellects than those reared by their moms.

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The reason why groundwater an important source of freshwater storage is option a. It constitutes approximately 30% of Earth’s freshwater.

The two main sources of fresh water are groundwater as well as surface waters. The water that exists below the surface of the earth and can be extracted in a number of ways is known as groundwater.

Because it makes up around some percentage of the freshwater on Earth, groundwater is a significant source of freshwater. For locations without access to other freshwater sources, such as those that are experiencing droughts, groundwater is a crucial source of freshwater.

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The quantity of the original 1000 calories contained in the algae that reached the human is 1.2 calories. But had it been the human ate the smelt directly, it would have taken in 6 calories.

The food energy pyramid is the type of pyramid that shows the flow of energy within the trophic levels of an ecosystem.

In a typical food energy pyramid, the organism with the highest energy level is usually located lowest in the pyramid while the organism that obtained the lowest energy is at the uppermost part of the pyramid.

There are various types of food pyramids which include the following:

From the given diagram, each level is being represented by the energy they acquired when they feed on the lower placed organisms.

Therefore, when humans feed on the trout that fed on the smelt that fed on the zooplankton that fed on the algae, they will only obtain 1.2 calories of the 1000 calories possessed by algae and bacteria.

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The given statement is true that the cooking process is often viewed as the starting point of carbohydrate digestion because cooking helps to soften the tough connective fibers in the plants.

Carbohydrates are one of the biomolecules present in living body. These are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones. There are three types of carbohydrates: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. They serve various purposes like energy source, structural, anchorage, etc.

Connective fibers are the loose tissues that join one type of tissue to another. These are of three types: collagenous, elastic, and reticular fibers. These fibers help in maintaining the structure and integrity of the body and also provide support.

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Answer:

Hydrogen Bond

Explanation:

The molecules above have two positives molecules of the same size. One larger molecule that is negative. All other bonds are notated using a solid line. Hydrogen bonds are dotted lines because there are partial charges on the molecules.

Answer:

Due to the amphiphilic nature of the phospholipids that make up the plasma membrane, it is a bilayer (hydrophilic head, hydrophobic tail). Due to the bilayer structure, the hydrophilic heads are in contact with the extracellular fluid and cytoplasm, while the hydrophobic tails are in contact with one another in the middle of the membrane.

Explanation:

A typical mechanism of disease development and a prognostic factor for malignant tumors is developed resistance to prostate cancer treatments. Resistance to MTAs, such as the taxane Docetaxel, determines treatment failure and the progression of the disease into lethal stages.

The variety of processes causing acquired resistance has been investigated for decades, but they remain poorly understood, which severely restricts the creation of novel therapeutic approaches. We outline a procedure for creating Docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer cell lines in this article.

The Docetaxel-resistant cell lines created by this method have been successfully used in recent studies, such as the loss of resistance properties over time, and they present an opportunity to enhance our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms behind acquired chemoresistance in deadly prostate cancer.

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Disruptive (diversifying) selection has taken place in this population. The correct answer is option(d).

Diversifying selection, also known as the disruptive selection, happens when extreme levels of a trait are preferred above the middle values. Often, speciation is driven by this kind of selection. Additionally, environmental changes that favor people at one extreme of the phenotypic spectrum might result in diversifying selection.

Disruptive selection is important because it has the ability to create a population with such a high level of diversity that it results in the speciation of new species, including ecological sexual dimorphism. Since more than one phenotype, or physical attribute, is preferred by the disruptive selection, genetic and phenotypic diversity in a population rises. As a result, diversified selection is another name for disruptive selection. Disruptive selection has the potential to trigger speciation over time.

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Answer: Glycolysis

Explanation:

Glycolysis is the first step in cellular respiration. Which after glycolysis, the reactants are no longer glucose, but product of glycolysis - pyruvate.

Explanation:

The catalase reaction is independent on the substrate concentration. If you have an excess of enzyme but not substrate, the reaction will be limited by the substrate availability

The sense of the nervous system tells us the need to drink water and thus maintain our homeostasis.

When an individual is thirsty, a drink of water can be exceptionally fulfilling, but after the thirst has been extinguished, drinking more can be unsavory. The unused investigation uncovers the root of these encounters within the brain.

These brain circuits likely advanced to avoid individuals from drinking as well as much water, coming about in perilously moo sodium levels, the analysts detailed nowadays within the diary Procedures of the National Foundation of Sciences.

Brain ranges included in emotional decision-making lit up within the scanner when individuals drank in reaction to feeling parched, while locales included in controlling development kicked in when individuals constrained themselves to keep drinking after extinguishing their thirst.

Hypothalamus is involved in the thirst sense since receptors within the body distinguish an awkwardness of liquid and the need to recapture homeostasis.

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