1. The limiting reagent would be sulfur.
3. The amount of product formed would be 34.4 grams
2. The amount of excess copper that remains would be 24.96 grams.
Sotichiometric problemCopper and sulfur react to form copper (II) sulfide according to the following balanced equation:
[tex]Cu + S -- > CuS[/tex]
From the balanced equation of the reaction, the mole ratio of copper to sulfur is 1:1.
Recall that, mole = mass/molar mass
Mole of 48.2 grams of copper = 48.2/64
= 0.75 mol
Mole of 35.0 grams of sulfur = 35/98
= 0.36 mol
Since the stoichiometric mole ratio is 1:1, it means that sulfur is the limiting reactant or reagent while copper is in excess.
The excess amount of copper would be: 0.75 - 0.36 = 0.39 mol
Mass of 0.39 mol copper = 0.39 x 64 = 24.96 grams
With sulfur being the limiting reactant, the equivalent amount of CuS formed will be 0.36 mol considering that the mole ratio is 1:1.
Mass of 0.36 mol CuS = 0.36 x 95.6
= 34.4 grams.
In other words, the limiting reactant is sulfur, the amount of product formed is 34.4 grams, and the amount of excess copper is 24.96 grams.
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which of the following structural features determine the relative reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives? select all that apply.
The capacity of the electronegative leaving group to activate the carbonyl is connected to the relative reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives toward nucleophile replacements. The carbonyl's electron density was taken from it by the more electronegative leaving groups, enhancing its electrophilicity.
ROCl (Acid Chloride) is the most reactive derivative of carboxylic acid.
The substituent becomes more electrophilic and reactive if it is electron withdrawing.
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A student dissolved 60g of KNO3 in 100mL of water at 70°C.
120
110
100
90
80
Solubility (grams of solute/100 g H₂0)
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
NaNO
< Previous
FONX
KCI
Naci
50
Temperature (°C)
Based on the solubility curve and information above, the solution at 70°C is
O an unsaturated solution.
Too
Based on the solubility curve and information above, the solution at 70°C is an unsaturated solution.
What is a solubility curve?A solubility curve is a curve that is obtained when the mass of solute that dissolves in a given volume of solvent is plotted against the temperature of the solution.
Solubility curves are useful in determining the amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given volume of solvent.
A saturated solution can not dissolve more solute at that temperature.
An unsaturated age can dissolve more solute at the given temperature.
Considering the given data:
The student dissolved 60g of KNO3 in 100 mL of water at 70°C.
The given solubility curve shows that about 130 g of solute can dissolve in 100 g of water.
Hence, the solution is an unsaturated solution.
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select the single best answer. choose the compound that undergoes e2 elimination at the faster rate. h55172a h55172b
The chemical that experiences E2 elimination just at quickest rate is represented by the best answer, h55172a.
What is necessary for E2 elimination?For an E2 reaction to proceed, several conditions must be met: In the introduction of a base, secondary or tertiary alkyl halides may continue with E2 (OH-, RO-, R2N-) In order for that a double bonds to form during the reaction, both leaving groups must be on the same axis.
What sort of E2 response will that be?Here are a few E2 responses as examples. Alkenes are created by the removal of alkyl halides. Alkenes are created by the removal of alcohols. Take note that acid, not base, is used in the E2 clearance of an alcohol.
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If 16.0 g of solid iron are reacted with 28.0 g of chlorine gas.
How much of the excess reactant is remaining once the reaction is complete?
The amount of the excess reactant that will remain if 16.0 g of solid iron reacts with 28.0 g of chlorine gas would be 1.68 grams.
Stoichiometric problemSolid iron reacts with chlorine gas to produce iron chloride according to the following balanced equation:
[tex]2Fe + 3Cl_2 --- > 2FeCl_3[/tex]
From the balanced equation, the mole ratio of iron to chlorine gas is 2:3. This means that every 1 mole of iron requires 1.5 moles of chlorine gas for a complete reaction.
recall that: mole = mass/molar mass
16.0 g of solid iron is equivalent to:
16/56 = 0.29 mol
28.0 g of chlorine gas would be equivalent to:
28/71 = 0.39 mol
With 0.29 mol of solid iron, the equivalent amount of chlorine gas that would be required according to the balanced equation would be:
0.29 x 3/2 = 0.41 mol
But only 0.39 mol of chlorine gas is available. So, chlorine is the limiting reactant.
The actual amount of solid iron that will react with 0.38 mol of chlorine would be:
2/3 x 0.39 = 0.26 mol
Excess solid iron = 0.29 - 0.26
= 0.03 mol
Mass of 0.03 mol iron = 0.03 x 56 = 1.68 grams
Thus, the amount of excess iron that will remain once the reaction is complete would be 1.68 grams.
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How to do this question
1.81 is the pH of of CH3COOH with a concentration of 0.16 M
What is CH3COOH?CH3COOH is the chemical formula of the acetic acid . acetic acid is also known as ethanoic acid systematically.
Given:
Ka of acetic acid=1.8*[tex]10^{-5}[/tex]
CH3COOH with a concentration of 0.16 M
Solution:To find :
the pH of CH3COOH with a concentration of 0.16 M
For that we use the Ostwald's dilution law equation i.e.
[H +]= [tex]\sqrt{C*K}[/tex]
now after putting the values we get:
[H +]= [tex]\sqrt{0.16*1.8*10-5}[/tex] =7.2*10-6
now pH = −log[H+]
pH = −log[7.2*10-6]
pH = 1.81
hence, 1.81 is the pH of of CH3COOH with a concentration of 0.16 M
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The pH of CH3COOH at a concentration of 0.16 M is 1.81.
Describe CH3COOH.
The acetic acid chemical formula is CH3COOH. Systematically, acetic acid is also referred to as ethanoic acid.
Given:
Acetic acid's KA is 1.8*.
a 0.16 M concentration of CH3COOH
Solution: Locate
the pH of CH3COOH at 0.16 M concentration
For that, we employ the equation for Ostwald's dilution law, i.e.
[H +]= [tex]\sqrt{C Ka}[/tex]
now that we've entered the values, we get:
[H +]= =7.2*10-6
pH now equals log[H+]
pH = −log[7.2*10-6]
pH = 1.81
Consequently, CH3COOH has a pH of 1.81 at 0.16 M of concentration.
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What stereoisomers are obtained from each of the following reactions? (Do not use stereochemistry if the product doesn't have stereocenters.) Draw the molecules. Show the appropriate stereochemistry by choosing the dashed or wedged buttons and then clicking a bond on the canvas.
The stereoisomers are obtained only in the first and second part of the reactions whereas, the last two parts do not produce stereoisomers.
Pentene reacts with hydrogen halides to produce chlorophenothane. This reaction is known as an addition reaction, as the hydrogen halide molecules add to the double bond of the alkene to form a single bond. The products of this reaction are typically alkyl halides, where the hydrogen atom of the hydrogen halide is replaced by an alkyl group. Stereoisomer is formed in this reaction due to the chiral center.
In the second part When pentene reacts with water in the presence of H₂SO₄, an acid-catalyzed hydration reaction occurs. This reaction results in the formation of an alcohol product, which is formed by the addition of a hydroxyl group (-OH) to the carbon-carbon double bond in the alkene. Due to the presence of chiral center stereoisomer is observed.
In part C, the Treatment of 1-methylcyclopent-1-ene with methanol in the presence of acid yields 1-methoxy-1-methyl cyclopentane. Here, the product does not exhibit a chiral center, so no stereoisomers are formed.
In the last part, the Treatment of 2-methylbut-2-ene with HBr gives 2-bromo-2-methylbutane. Here, too the product does not contain a chiral center, so no stereoisomers are formed or observed.
The image attached explains the reaction in each part.
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I need help ASAP thank you
Answer:
It's 39.43g
Explanation:
molarity is the ratio of the number of moles over the volume in a litter while the number of moles is the ratio of the mass of solute over the molar mass of compounds
Write a balanced half-reaction for the reduction of gaseous oxygen (02) to aqueous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in acidic aqueous solution. Be sure to add physical state symbols where appropriate. x 6 ?
Two of O atom, two of H atom on both sides. The reduction of gaseous oxygen to aqueous hydrogen peroxide,when this reaction in acidic aqueous solution, and we need to balance H on both sides .
How to balance the equation?O2 (g) → H2O2 (l)
O2(g) + H+(aq) → H2O2(l)
O2(g) + 2H+(aq) → H2O2(l)
now, we need to balance 2 positive charge of 2H+ so, we will put 2 e- on left side:
O2(g) + 2H+(aq) + 2 e- → H2O2(l)
this is the final balanced equation which has equal no. of atoms on both sides:
2 of Oxygen atom, 2 of Hydrogen atom on both sides.
What is first order of reaction?A first-order reaction can be defined as, a chemical reaction in which the reaction rate is linearly dependent on the concentration of one reactant. In other words, a first-order reaction is a chemical reaction in which the rate varies on the changes in the concentration of one of the reactants.
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Calculating H⁺ and OH⁻
Calculate H⁺ or OH⁻ as required for each of the following solutions at 25 C°, and state whether the solution is neutral, acidic, or basic.
a. 1.0 × 10⁻⁵ M OH⁻
b. 1.0 × 10⁻⁷ M OH⁻
c. 10.0 M H+
a) The number of H⁺ ions is 10⁻⁹ and it is basic.
b) The number of H⁺ ions is 10⁻⁷ and it is neutral.
c) The number of OH⁻ ions is 10⁻¹³ and it is acidic.
What is pH?Water's pH position indicates how acidic or introductory it is. The range is 0 to 14, with 7 acting as a neutral value. A pH of lesser than 7 denotes a base, while one of lower than 7 suggests acidity.
The pH scale really measures the proportion of free hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in water. Water that contains further free hydrogen ions is acidic, whereas further free hydroxyl ions makes water more introductory. Since chemicals in the water can alter pH, pH is a pivotal sign of a chemical change in the water. In" logarithmic units," pH is expressed. Each value signifies a10-fold variation in the water's acidity or basicness. Ten times as acidic as water because water has a pH of five.
a) [H⁺] = 1 x 10⁻¹⁴/1 x 10⁻⁵ = 10⁻⁹.
Since the [H⁺] < [OH⁻] the solution is basic.
b) [H⁺] = 1 x 10⁻¹⁴/1 x 10⁻⁷ = 10⁻⁷
since the [H⁺] = [H⁺]
The solution is neutral
c) [OH⁻] = 1 x 10⁻¹⁴/1 x 10⁺ = 10⁻¹³
since the [H⁺] > [OH⁻]
the solution is acidic
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Molarity ____0.314______ M
SHOW YOUR WORK for the molarity calculation:
Molarity = Number of Moles of solute / Volume in Liters of solvent
= 0.00314 mols / 0.01 L
= 0.314 M
is this the correct way to write the expression for molarity?
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
Molarity is the amount of moles of a solute per every 1 liter. It can be expressed in the units moles/L or simplified to M.
Classify each substance as an atomic element, molecular element, molecular compound, or ionic compound.
The classifications of the substances are;
Atomic element - Ag
Molecular element - [tex]F_{2}[/tex]
Molecular compound - CO
Ionic compound - [tex]PbI_{4}[/tex]
What is a compound?We know that a compound can be obtained any time that there is a combination of the elements. As the elements are combined, we know that are able to know the sort of compound that can be formed.
If the compound that is formed is such that there are ions and the compound can be able to dissolve in solution, we say that the compound is ionic. If on the other hand, we have a compound that can not be dissolved in water and remains as a molecular without breaking up to form ions, we say that the compound is a molecular compound.
A molecular element has to do with a kind of molecule that is made up only one kind of element such as the molecules that involves the halogens.
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Speech is filled with chemical elements with electronic configurations of equal energy levels of atoms 3s2 3p1 and 2s2 2p5. Indicate the electronegativity of these elements. To what element will the hot electron beam be moved? schematicallypicture the establishment of a chemical bond between atoms. Please explain to the diagram. What type of crystal ridges can be spoken? Lay down the equal reaction of the possession of the speech from simple speeches.
The element with electronic configuration 3s2 3p1 is aluminum and 2s2 2p5 is Florine.
What is electronic configuration?Electronic configuration is defined as the distribution of electrons within an atom's orbitals. The atomic number, which is equal to the number of protons in every neutral atom, is the set quantity of electrons that make up each neutral atom.
Al has 13 electrons, which are organized as follows: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1. Al has an atomic number of 13. The structure 1s2 2s2 2p5 of fluorine, on the other hand, demonstrates that it has seven valence electrons. It belongs to the halogen family as a result.
Thus, the element with electronic configuration 3s2 3p1 is aluminum and 2s2 2p5 is Florine.
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For practice in counting microstates, determine how many ways there are to arrange 2 quanta among 3 one-dimensional oscillators. (3 oscillators correspond to one atom.)
There are 6 possible arrangements for 3 one-dimensional oscillators using 2 quanta.
What distinguishes a system's state from its microstate?A collection of circumstances, typically involving temperature and pressure, is referred to as a thermodynamic state and it determines how a bulk material behaves. A stipulated is a single possible configuration of the locations and kinetic energy of all molecules present in the sample; it is a record of the positions and velocities at a certain moment.
Briefing:Therefore, if there are three one-dimensional oscillators, there are three locations for which we may work (0000), and if there are three quanta, we are dealing with two digits that we can divide in many ways.
Our combos are (2, 0, 0), (0, 2, 0),(0,0,2) (1, 1, 0), and (1, 0, 1). (0,1,1).
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If metal ions in a solution we're reduced, what would you expect to see ?
Answer: You would expect to see the ions turn into metal.
Hope this helps :)
Explanation:
Metal ions in their reduced form are the metal in their elemental phase. If you have a solution containing metal ions and they are reduced, you will notice the metal deposition.
A house is built with a granite countertop. The heat capacity of the countertop is 151.8 kJ/°C. A hot pan of water is placed on the countertop, and 4000 J of heat energy is transferred into the countertop. By how much does the temperature of the countertop change?
A house is built with a granite countertop. The temperature of the countertop change is 0.032 °C.
What is the transfer of heat?Transfer of heat or the transfer of heat energy from one body to another body.
Q = CΔT where Q = quantity of heat transferred to the countertop = 5000 J = 5 kJ, C = heat capacity of the countertop = 158.5 kJ/°C and ΔT = temperature change of the countertop.
Since we require the temperature change of the countertop, we make ΔT subject of the formula.
So, ΔT = Q/C
So, by substituting the variables into the equation:
ΔT = Q/C
ΔT = 5 kJ/158.5 kJ/°C
ΔT = 0.032 °C
Therefore, the temperature of the countertop change is 0.032 °C.
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When did Waltuh start cooking?
Question 4(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
(05.05 MC)
What mass of H₂ is needed to react with 8.75 g of O₂ according to the following equation: O2(g) + 4H2(g) → 2H₂O(g)?
O0.547 g H₂
O 1.10 g H₂
04.38 g H₂
O 17.5 g H₂
Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, the correct answer is the second option: a mass of H₂ of 1.10 grams is required to react with 8.75 g of O₂.
Reaction stoichiometryIn first place, the balanced reaction is:
O₂ + 2 H₂ → H₂O
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
O₂: 1 moleH₂: 2 molesH₂O: 1 moleThe molar mass of the compounds is:
O₂: 32 g/moleH₂: 2 g/moleH₂O: 18 g/moleThen, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
O₂: 1 mole ×32 g/mole= 32 gramsH₂: 2 moles ×2 g/mole= 4 gramsH₂O: 1 mole ×18 g/mole= 18 gramsMass of H₂ requiredThe following rule of three can be applied: If by reaction stoichiometry 32 grams of O₂ react with 4 grams of H₂, 8.75 grams of O₂ react with how much mass of H₂?
mass of H₂= (8.75 grams of O₂×4 grams of H₂) ÷32 grams of O₂
mass of H₂= 1.10 grams
Finally, 1.10 grams of H₂ is required.
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3. Which of the following changes are classified as physical changes?
melting butter until it turns a dark brown
O cutting an apple into smaller pieces
burning toast
boiling silver
burning wood
blending carrots for a fruit and vegetable smoothie
O carving wood
dissolving sugar in hot tea
melting gold
petrifying wood
O peeling a potato
18. A Force is a push or a pull. There are natural forces such as the one between two surfaces that rub, called____ Another force is gravity, that pulls us to the center of the Earth.
Many forces can be found acting on the same object. When two forces act in the same direction, we_____ the forces to find _____the force. This causes _____the forces are in the movement of the object. speed up, slow down, change direction or
19. An inclined plane is often called a_____ - It is a_____
There are natural forces such as the one between two surfaces that rub, called friction. Another force is gravity, that pulls us to the center of the Earth.
Many forces can be found acting on the same object. When two forces act in the same direction, we sum the forces to find net force the force. This causes friction the forces are in the movement of the object. speed up, slow down, change direction or
19. An inclined plane is often called a ramp - It is a flat surface.
What is meant by force?Force is defined as the product of mass and acceleration. It is a derived quantity and measured in Newtons ( N ). This goes to say that the S.I unit of force is Newton. However, foce is also measured in kilograms per meters squared.
There are two major types of force, there are:
Push forcePull forceIn conclusion, we can now confirm from the explanation given above that force is obtained from the combination of fundamental quantities.
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7. Which one of the following is an inner-transition, actinide, AND a trans-uranium element?
a) Lu
b) Lr
c) Y
d) As
e) Br
The element that is an inner-transition, actinide, AND a trans-uranium element is Lawrencium. Lr
Option B is correct.
What is a trans-uranium element?The trans-uranium elements are described as the chemical elements with atomic numbers greater than 92, which is the atomic number of uranium.
The trans-uranium elements are unstable and decay radioactively into other elements. The trans-uranium elements do not occur naturally on Earth and are synthetic except with the exception of neptunium and plutonium.
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he proposed 4-step mechanism above involves rate determining formation of the highly reactive electrophile CI but is otherwise similar to the mechanism you have just written Choose all statements that are true. (Cl2][FeCl3]benzene), (Select all that apply.) A) A mechanism with so many steps (four) is intrinsically improbable B) This mechanism predicts the rate law, rate-k[Cl[FeCl3 which is not in agreement with that observed, rate C) CI should be very unstable; thus its formation should be fast, not slow and rate-determing D) This mechanism requires that all aromatics, both electron rich and electron poor react at the same rate.
The correct statements regarding the formation of electrophiles are:
B) This mechanism predicts the rate law, rate-k[Cl[FeCl3 which is not in agreement with that observed rate.
D) This mechanism requires that all aromatics, both electron-rich and electron-poor react at the same rate.
What is an Electrophile?An electrophile is a chemical entity that joins with nucleophiles by taking up a pair of electrons in chemistry. Electrophiles are Lewis acids because they receive electrons. The majority of electrophiles have an atom that has a partial positive charge, is positively charged, or lacks an octet of electrons.
Explanation:1st statement is wrong. Because a mechanism with 4 steps is possible.
2nd statement is correct. Because in the rate determining step only Cl2 and FeCl3 are involved.
3rd statement is wrong. Because if Cl+ is unstable. Then its formation must be rate-determining step. It will not be a fast step.
4th statement is correct. Because the attack of benzene on Cl+ is a fast step. Therefore electron-rich and electron-poor aromatic will react at the same rate.
The correct statements regarding the formation of electrophiles are:
B) This mechanism predicts the rate law, rate-k[Cl[FeCl3 which is not in agreement with that observed rate.
D) This mechanism requires that all aromatics, both electron-rich and electron-poor react at the same rate.
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Determine the theoretical and percentage yield of the reaction below, if you started with 10 mL of the alcohol (C9H120; density = 0.900 g/ml.) and 10 ml of 12 Molar HCl to produce 5 mls of the product as a colorless liquid (C9H110; density - 0.800 g/mL)? Please show a step by step calculations for your answer.
The answer is 39.2%.
Solution:
[tex]Yield = \frac{Observed yield}{Theoritcal yield}*100[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{4.0}{10.2} *100[/tex]
= 39.2%.
Theoretical yields are calculated based on the stoichiometry of the chemical formula. Actual yield is determined experimentally. Percent yield is determined by calculating the ratio of actual yield to theoretical yield. how much usable product is obtained after processing; how much crude product is actually ordered.
However, in practice, the actual product yield is almost always lower than the theoretical yield. The actual yield is the amount of product actually obtained and the theoretical yield is the maximum possible yield. There are several reasons why percentage returns may not be 100%. This is because some other unexpected reaction occurred that did not produce the desired product.
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the reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives (the general structure is shown) depends on the character of the carbonyl carbon atom and the ability of atom z to stabilize the carbonyl group by . multiple choice question. nucleophilic; resonance nucleophilic; induction electrophilic; induction electrophilic; resonance
The reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives depends on the electrophilic character of the carbonyl carbon atom and the ability of the z atom to stabilize the carbonyl group by resonance.
Carbon compounds are compounds whose main components are composed of carbon atoms (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), and other organic elements. Carbon compounds also have the ability to form carbon chains and bind various functional groups. One of the carbon compounds based on their functional group is a carboxylic acid.
Carboxylic acids are carbon compounds with the general formula R－COOH which are called carboxyl groups by combining a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group. This compound can be prepared by strong oxidation of primary alcohols. Carboxylic acid derivatives have different stability and reactivity. The reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives depends on the electrophilic character of the carbonyl carbon atom and the ability of the z atom to stabilize the carbonyl group by resonance.
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Classify each substance as an atomic element, molecular element, molecular compound, or ionic compound.
Ag, first image
Molecular elementF₂, second image
Molecular CompoundCO, Third image
Ionic CompoundPbI₄
Atomic elements are chemical species that can exist as independent atoms, for ex-Ag, Au.
elements that exist in a free state in the molecular form are, molecular elements, for ex -Cl₂, I₂.
Molecular compounds are substances that consist of bonding between atoms of different elements. for ex-H₂O .
Ionic compounds are compounds that are formed by the reaction of metal with non-metal. for ex - NaCl.
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The gas in a 250.0 mL piston experiences a change in pressure
from 1.00 atm to 3.00 atm. What is the new volume (in mL)
assuming the moles of gas and temperature are held constant?
The new volume can be find out by the Boyle's law. The volume changes from 250 ml to 83.3 ml at a pressure of 3 atm.
What is Boyle's law?Boyle's law states that at constant temperature, the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of the gas.
Thus, PV= a constant.
Let P1 and V1 be the initial pressure and volume and P2, V2 be the final amounts. then:
P1 V1 = P2 V2.
Given the initial pressure = 1 atm
volume = 250 ml
final pressure = 3 atm
final volume V2 = P1 V1/ P2
= (1 atm × 250 ml)/ 3 atm
= 83.3 ml.
Therefore, the final volume is 83.3ml.
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1. Draw the major organic substitution product (ignoring stereochemistry) formed in the following reaction as a skeletal structure.(There is chemistry reaction image here)2. If the reactant's configuration were (1R, 2R, 4R), then the configuration of the substitution product(s) will be _____.
The replacement product won't have a R or S configuration because there isn't a chiral carbon atom of that kind.
What exactly does "chiral carbon atom" mean?As a general rule, chiral carbon centers are carbon atoms positioned at the four corners of a tetrahedron and attached to four distinct substituents. Steeogenic carbons and asymmetrical carbon atoms are other names for chiral carbon atoms.
What are a substitution reaction's byproducts?In the substitution reaction, an electron-rich species (the oxygen) donates two electrons to an electron-poor species (the carbon), creating a new base and product (the alcohol) in the process.
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Assume you have a solution containing the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and all the enzymes of the citric acid cycle, but none of the metabolic intermediates. When you supplement this solution with 5 μmol each of pyruvate, oxaloacetate, coenzyme A, NAD+, FAD, GDP, and Pi, you find that 5 μmol of CO2 are evolved and then the reaction stops. When you add alcohol dehydrogenase and its substrate acetaldehyde, additional CO2 is produced. How do you explain this result?
How many μmoles of acetaldehyde are required to allow complete oxidation of the pyruvate to 15 μmol of CO2?
The answer is CoA and 10μmol due to which additional CO₂ is produced.
Acetaldehyde is converted to ethanol with the help of the reaction catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenase. This reaction results in the production of NAD+. The produced NAD+ is used to process the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction, where additional CO₂ is also produced when pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA.
10 μmol
10 micromoles of acetaldehyde are required to allow complete oxidation reaction of the pyruvate to 15μ moles of CO₂.
This above can be explained with the explanation that by adding additional alcohol dehydrogenase and its substrate we are actually allowing regeneration of NAD+. This is the reason why the presence of oxidized NAD+ the additional TCA reactions will take place and produces additional CO₂. So we will be getting 15 micromoles of pyruvate oxidized for 10 micromoles of acetaldehyde.
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The following data were obtained on the initial rates of a reaction of a d-metal complex in aqueous solution. What is (a) the order of reaction with respect to the complex and the reactant Y, (b) the rate constant? For the experiments a [Y]=2.7 mmol dm 3 and for experiments (b) [Y]=6.1 mmoldm (complex]/(mmol dm-3) v/mol dm-35-1) (a) (b) 8.01 125 640 9.22 144 730 12.11 190 960
a) The order of the reaction with respect to the complex is 1 and order with respect to Y is 2.
b) The rate constant for reaction is 2.2 × 10⁹ mol⁻²dm⁶s⁻¹.
What is order of reaction and rate constant?
The order of reaction is defined as sum of the power raised to the concentration terms . The rate constant defined as the relation between concentration and rate of the reaction, and it is also temperature dependent.
Using Rate = K [complex]ᵃ [Y]ᵇ
a) 125 = K (8.01) ᵃ (2.7) ᵇ
144= K (9.22) ᵃ (2.7) ᵇ
Divide these two equations
125/144 = (8.01/ 9.22) ᵃ
(0.868) = (0.868) ᵃ
⇒ a= 1 order with respect to complex is 1
b) R₂=K(complex)ᵃ(Y)ᵇ
125=K (8.01) (2.7) ᵇ
640=K (8.01) 6.1) ᵇ
Divide these two equations
we get, 0.195 = (0.443)ᵇ
⇒ b= 2 order with respect to Y is 2.
Now Rate constant
125=K (8.01) ¹ (2.7) ²
K = 2.2 ₓ 10⁹mol⁻²dm⁶s⁻¹.
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Discuss a specific subculture to which you belong. What is it and why is it a subculture? Describe the social structures of the subculture. Is it analagous to, or different from, the dominant social structure of American society? Be sure to substantiate your dicussion with facts and examples.
There are numerous subcultures, such as hippies, anti-gun groups, high school jocks, environmental activists, people in the furry community, people in the cosplay community, punks, goths, and many more.
What are subcultures ?"An identifiable subgroup within a society or group of people, particularly one distinguished by beliefs or interests that differ from those of the larger group."
Subcultures are important in articulating an identity, creating a sense of belonging, and influencing members to think about their relationship to mainstream society; however, subcultures differ from widely recognized identity categories such as ethnicity.
Subcultures exist within a society's dominant culture. Subcultures in America include hippies, punk rockers, beatniks, and hipsters.
Thus, There are numerous subcultures, such as hippies, anti-gun groups, high school jocks, environmental activists, people in the furry community.
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The alkanes are a homologous series of compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen that have the general formula CnH2n+2. Members of this series include butane (C4H10), 3,3-dimethylpentane (C7H16), hexane (C6H14), and heptane (C7H16).The boiling points for a set of compounds in a homologous series can be qualitatively predicted using intermolecular force strengths. Using their condensed structural formulas, rank the homologous series for a set of alkanes by their boiling point.
Using their condensed structural formulas, the rank of homologous series for the given set of alkanes by their boiling point is as:
Heptane (C₇H₁₆) > hexane (C₆H₁₄) > 3,3-dimethylpentane (C₇H₁₆) > butane (C₄H₁₀)
The alkane homologous series' members should have higher boiling points as we move down the group. For example, it is expected that butane will have a greater BP than ethane. We will also consider the presence of branch chain alkane because it also affects the boiling point. Due to the larger van der Waals forces between adjacent molecules in straight-chain alkanes, their boiling points are higher. By considering the above properties the sequence will be as:
Heptane (C₇H₁₆) > hexane (C₆H₁₄) > 3,3-dimethylpentane (C₇H₁₆) > butane (C₄H₁₀)
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