Periodic trends are particular patterns that appear in the periodic table and highlight various characteristics of a certain element, such as its size and electrical capabilities. Electronegativity, ionization energy, electron affinity, atomic radius, melting temperature, and metallic nature are important periodic trends.
What is the general pattern in the relationship between a metal's position in the table and its melting point?Within a period, the elements' ionization energies tend to rise from left to right. Valence shell stability is to blame for this.
In general, an element's ionization energy falls from top to bottom within a group. The reason for this is electron shielding.
The graph shows that the entire valence shells of the noble gases give them extremely high ionization energy. Keep in mind that among all the elements, helium has the highest ionization energy.
Within a time frame, electron affinities shift from left to right. The shrinkage of atomic radius is to blame for this.
Within a group, electron affinity diminishes from top to bottom. The rise in atomic radius is to blame for this.
This results from an overall rise in the amount of protons and electrons throughout time. Since each proton exerts more force than each electron, electrons are drawn inward and reduce the radius of the atom.
Within a group, atomic radius grows from top to bottom. The reason for this is electron shielding.
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Why don’t different varieties of corn plants grow to the same size under similar growing conditions?
3. Silances are more reactive than alkanes. Explain.
The lower bond energy of the silicanes make them more reactive than the alkanes.
What are the silicanes?We know that the members of group four has the ability to catenate and this is a property that characterizes all the elements that we can find in the group. However the extent to which the members of the group can be able to catenate is what we use to determine the stability of the bonds.
The alkanes are composed of the bonds that exist between carbon and hydrogen and the alkanes can be able to form very long chains and this can be used to explain the fact that you can be able to find the alkanes in various kinds of applications.
However, the bond energy of the silicanes is less than that of the alkanes hence they tend to be more reactive then the alkanes.
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A relationship that decreases the dependent variable when the independent variable increases is called __________________
molecule of the variables shift in the opposite directions when there is a inverse or negative relationship. In other words, the dependent variable grows if the value of the independent variable falls.
What is the name of the correlation here between dependent and independent variables?The dependent variable in this study are often the effect and the variable are the cause in a research investigation. Additionally, one could say that there is a cause-and- effect link between the independent and the dependent variables.
What kind of link does there exist between these two variables?A statistical method known as correlation is used to quantify and explain a link between two variables. The two factors are often just observed, not changed. Two scores from identical people must be used for the correlation
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What is the mass of a 8.45 m3 piece of copper?
The mass of a 8.45 m3 piece of copper is 7537.4 grams.
What is mass?Mass is described as a dimensionless quantity representing the amount of matter in a particle or object.
density of copper =8.92g/cm^3
volume = 8.45 x 100 cm^3
mass = (8.45 x 100) x 8.92
mass = 7537.4 grams.
The relationship between mass, density and volume is that density offers a convenient means of obtaining the mass of a body from its volume or vice versa.
This means that the mass is equal to the volume multiplied by the density (M = Vd), while the volume is equal to the mass divided by the density (V = M/d).
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What is a flame test used for?
A. To identify an unknown sample by its emission spectrum
B. To determine the ionization energies of electrons
C. To remove impurities from a sample through burning
D. To identify an unknown sample by its melting point
The flame test used for to identify an unknown sample by its emission spectrum
What is the purpose of a flame test?A metal or metalloid ion discovered in an ionic compound can be identified, or at least its potential identification, using the flame test, a qualitative chemical test. It's possible for the compound to emit a distinctive colour that may be seen with the unaided eye if it's placed in a gas burner's flame. To determine whether metal and metalloid ions are present in the sample, chemists employ a qualitative examination known as a flame test. The metal ions heated in the gas burner don't all produce colour. The quickest and most straightforward method for determining whether group 1 metal ions are present in the chemical is a flame test. A wire or wooden splint is dipped into a sample solution or coated with the substance to be tested.To learn more about flame test refers to:
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Answer: to identify an unknown sample by its emission spectrum
Explanation:
Which statement correctly describes the melting and boiling points of water?
A) They occur due to electrostatic forces between molecules
B) They are the same temperature.
C) They are 0°F and 100°F, respectively.
D) They both depend on the surface tension of water.
The temperature at which a solid transforms into a liquid at atmospheric pressure is referred to as the liquid’s melting point.
What are the melting and boiling points of water?The fact that water boils at a greater temperature than fluorine makes option C the correct choice. The melting point of water is zero degrees Celsius (32 degrees F). Depending on the atmospheric pressure, different amounts of water will boil at different temperatures. When purified water reaches its boiling point at sea level, it does so at 212 degrees Fahrenheit (100 degrees Celsius).
Compared to fluorine, water has a greater boiling point. Regarding the melting and boiling points of water and fluorine molecules, this statement is accurate.
The temperature at which a substance's solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium is known as its melting point. A temperature at which a substance's vapour pressure reaches its boiling point.
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Statement C; They are 0°F and 100°F, respectively, correctly describes the melting and boiling points of water. But Instead of F it should be degree Celsius.
What is Melting point? The temperature at which a substance changes its state from a solid to a liquid is termed as its melting point. The solid and liquid phases or states are in equilibrium at the melting point. Pressure and temperature affects a substance's melting point, which is typically reported at a standard pressure such 1 atmosphere or 100 kPa.The Melting point of water is 0°C and boiling point is 100°C.To know more about melting point visit
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2. The nonmetals in the Groups 16 and 17________.
a) lose electrons when they form ions
b) gain electrons making them an anion
c) all have ions with a -1 charge
d) end in -ate
The nonmetals in the Groups 16 and 17 gain electrons making them an anion.
Why gaining electrons is a significant characteristic of nonmetals in Groups 16 and 17?The nonmetals of group 16 are made up of Oxygen, Sulfur, and Selenium whereas group 17, also called the halogen group is made up of Fluorine, Chlorine, etc.
The further right we go in the periodic table, the atomic size decreases. Due to the increase in the number of protons, the electrons are more tightly bound and the atom shows strong attraction to electrons.
The gain of additional electrons helps in the completion of octets for the atoms further making their configuration stable, and more alike to that of the noble gases.
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Constant Volume
A 10.0L sample of gas in a rigid container at 1.00 atom and 200K is heated to
800K. Assuming that volume remains constant, what is the new pressure of the gas?
After
Can someone help me please
According to the question the new pressure of the gas is: 6.5512 kPa
What is pressure?
Pressure is the force applied to a surface divided by the area of the surface on which the force is applied. It is measured in units of force per unit area, such as pounds per square inch (psi) or pascals (Pa). Pressure can be caused by a variety of factors, such as the weight of air, the weight of a liquid, or the force of a gas. Pressure is an important concept in many fields, including physics, engineering, and chemistry.
The ideal gas law can be used to determine the gas's new pressure:
PV = nRT
where R is the universal gas constant, n is the number of moles, P is the pressure, V is the volume, and T is the temperature.
We know that V = 10.0L, n = 1.00 mole, R = 8.314 J/molK, and T = 800K.
As a result, the gas's new pressure is:
P = (1.00 mol * 8.314 J/molK * 800K) / 10.0L = 6.5512 kPa
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Which of these is an example of a physical property?
A. Iron combines with oxygen to rust.
B. Potassium reacts in water to form a base.
C. Sodium metal is soft and malleable.
D. Sodium ignites when placed in water.
When a person weighs himself in pounds, which system of measurement is he using?
Answers: customary or metric
Answer:
it is the British imperial and united states customary systems
consider this a reaction 2H+ + CO3²- → H₂O + CO₂ . Identify each of the following as a product, a reactant, or a coefficient.
The reactant, product and coefficient of the chemical equation are 2H⁺ and CO₃², H₂O and CO₂ and 2 respectively. Chemical reaction is the reaction between two or more substances to form a new substance.
How do you identify a product and reactant?The left side of the equation lists reactants as the initial materials. The right-hand side of the equation lists the products, which represent the outcome of the reaction. Products are the compounds created during a chemical reaction, whereas reactants are the substances that cause the reaction. The general chemical formula can be used to express a chemical reaction. During chemical reactions, bonds disintegrate and reassemble. Additionally, the reverse response takes place. Reactants and products are involved in every chemical reaction. In a combustion reaction, the reactants are air and candle wax. Products are the compounds created during a chemical reaction, whereas reactants are the substances that cause the reaction.To learn more about product and reactant refer to:
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5. Calculate the difference between the heats of reaction (□H-□E) at constant pressure and constant volume for the reaction C6H6(l) + 15 0₂ (g) → 12 (0₂(g) + 6H₂0 (l)
The difference between the heats of reaction (□H - □E) at constant pressure and constant volume can be calculated using the following equation:
□H - □E = □H - □V + □V - □E
Where □H is the heat of reaction at constant pressure, □E is the heat of reaction at constant volume, □V is the change in volume at constant pressure, and □E is the change in internal energy at constant volume.
To calculate the difference between the heats of reaction at constant pressure and constant volume for the given reaction, we need to know the values of □H, □V, and □E. Without this information, it is not possible to calculate the difference between the heats of reaction at constant pressure and constant volume.
when might the BAC of a dead body be misleading or unhelpful
Answer: Blood alcohol levels at autopsy are valid up to 48 hours after death when simple principles are observed in the collection and storage of samples. Alcohol levels in samples of blood taken from the intact heart are as significant as levels of blood from the femoral veins.
Explanation:
Answer:
If the victim was submerged in water
Explanation:
What are the units of the rate constant for each of the reactions in Table 12.2?
Rate Law
Rate = k [(CH₃ )₃ CBr]
Rate = k [Br₂]
Rate = K[ BrO₃⁻ ][Br⁻] [H⁺]²
Rate = k [ H₂][I₂]
The first reaction is a first order reaction and the unit of rate constant is s⁻¹. The second one is also a first order reaction with the same unit. Third one is a third order reaction with the unit for k as L² mol⁻² s⁻¹.
What is rate constant?Rate of a reaction is the rate of decrease in concentration of the reactants or increase in concentration of the products. The rate is directly proportional to the concentration of reactants and the rate law is written as:
rate = k [reactants]
where, the proportionality constant k is called the rate constant.
The order of a reaction is the sum of powers of the molar concentration of reactants. Thus, each reaction vary in order and the order of reaction also depends on the steps in the reaction.
The general formula of the unit of rate constant is L⁽ⁿ⁻¹⁾ mol⁽¹⁻ⁿ⁾ s⁻¹. Hence, first reaction is a first order reaction and the unit of rate constant is s⁻¹. The second one is also a first order reaction with the same unit.
Third one is a third order reaction with the unit for k as L² mol⁻² s⁻¹. The fourth one is a second order reaction. Thus, unit of rate constant is L mol⁻¹ s⁻¹.
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A dairy is mainly involved in the operations of bottling of milk, making ice-cream and limited production of cheese. Calculate the BOD produced per 1000kg of milk processed and its population equivalent from the following data;
Quantity of milk processed daily=150000kg Waste water produced daily =240m3 BOO of waste water =1400mg/I Population equivalent per capita per day of 5-days BOD at 20C°=75g
Answer:
BOD produced per 1000kg of milk processed = (1400mg/I x 240m3) / 150000kg = 0.192mg/I
Population equivalent = (0.192mg/I x 75g) / 5 = 0.576g
Explanation:
12. Surface lakes of glacier meltwater are shown overflowing into channels, which then pour down
moulins. What happens to this water? Why is this bad for the glacier?
When surface lakes of glacier meltwater overflow into channels and pour down moulins (vertical shafts or tunnels in the ice), the water typically flows into the base of the glacier and can cause the glacier to melt more rapidly. This process is known as "moulin drainage," and it can be detrimental to the glacier because it can cause the glacier to lose mass more quickly.
Losing mass through moulin drainage can cause a glacier to retreat or shrink in size, which can have a number of impacts on the surrounding environment. For example, if a glacier is a primary source of water for a region, its retreat could lead to water shortages. In addition, the loss of a glacier can affect the local ecosystem and wildlife, and it can contribute to sea level rise if the glacier is located near the coast.
HOPE IT HELPS!Chemicals released into the air from human activity, such as sulfur dioxide and nitrous oxide, interact with the atmosphere to make acid rain.
in which atmosphere layer does this process happen?
A, thermosphere
B, mesosphere
C, troposphere
D, stratosphere
I NEED HELP ASAP!!!!!!
Troposphere atmosphere layer does this process happen The acidity of rainwater comes from the natural presence of three substances (CO2, NO, and SO2) found in the troposphere
What is troposphere?The lowest part of Earth's atmosphere is called the troposphere. The troposphere contains the majority of the mass of the atmosphere (about 75–80%). The troposphere is where most clouds of all varieties may be found, and this is also where most weather takes place.The lowest portion of our atmosphere is called the troposphere. It begins below the surface and rises to a height of roughly 10 kilometers (6.2 miles, or about 33,000 feet) above sea level. The troposphere, where we are located, is the lowest layer where most weather happens.Most weather occurrences occur in the troposphere, which is the first and lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. It includes 99% of the planet's water vapour and aerosol mass and 75% of the total mass of the planetary atmosphere.To learn more about troposphere refers to:
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7
QUICK CHECK
Predicting Spontaneity
Identify each of these reactions as being spontaneous or nonspontaneous.
2C₂H₂(g)+50₂(g) → 4CO₂(g)+2H₂O(g)
AG-2,453.1 kJ
3H₂(g)+N₂(g) → 2NH₂(g)
CO₂(g) +2H₂O(g) → CH₂(g) +20₂(g)
DONE
AG=-33.3 kJ
AG=800.7 kJ
1. The reaction: 2C₂H₂(g) + 5O₂(g) → 4CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g) ΔG = -2,453.1 KJ is spontaneous
2. The reaction: 3H₂(g) + N₂(g) → 2NH₂(g) ΔG = -33.3 KJ is spontaneous
3. The reaction: CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g) → CH₂(g) + 2O₂(g) ΔG = 800.7 KJ is nonspontaneous
How do I determine which reaction is spontaneous or nonspontaneous?The Gibbs free energy is a core factor in determining whether a reaction is spontaneous or nonspontaneous. Gibbs free energy is given by the following formula:
ΔG = ΔH – TΔS
Where
ΔG is the Gibbs free energy ΔH is the enthalpy changeT is the temperature ΔS is the change in entropyNOTE
ΔG = Positive (non spontaneous) ΔG = Zero (equilibrium) ΔG = Negative (spontaneous)With the above information, we can determine which of the reaction is spontaneous and also the one which is nonspontaneous as shown below:
2C₂H₂(g) + 5O₂(g) → 4CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g) ΔG = -2,453.1 KJ. The reaction is spontaneous since ΔG is negative3H₂(g) + N₂(g) → 2NH₂(g) ΔG = -33.3 KJ. The reaction is spontaneous since ΔG is negativeCO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g) → CH₂(g) + 2O₂(g) ΔG = 800.7 KJ. The reaction is nonspontaneous since ΔG is positiveLearn more about spontaneity of reaction:
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Explain how an incorrect of dietary information on high blood sugar could potentially affect the patient’s
Long-term (months or years) high blood sugar levels can cause irreversible harm to organs such the kidneys, blood vessels, eyes, nerves, and nervous system. Speak with your doctor or the diabetes care team if you frequently have hyperglycemia.
What effects could an extremely high blood sugar level have on us?If left untreated, having excessive blood sugar levels for an extended length of time might lead to major health issues. In addition to raising the risk of heart disease, stroke, kidney illness, vision issues, and nerve issues, hyperglycemia can harm the blood arteries that provide blood to essential organs.
What dietary requirements are impacted by diabetes?A high-fat, high-calorie, and high-cholesterol diet
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How to solve this problem? I am stuck
The functional group of molecules as follows :
Molecule 1. is aldehyde and ketone, Molecule 2 is acid and thio, Molecule 3 is acid and amide, Molecule 4 is alcohol and ether, Molecule 5 is Alcohol and acid. The image attached below show the functional group and molecules are labeled.
What is polar compound ?The polar compounds are those compound having different positive and negative charge, therefore the bonding with atoms such as nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.
A buffer is a solution the can control the pH change along with the addition of an acidic or basic substance. It is able to neutralize small amounts of added acid or base, So it maintains the pH of the solution. This is important to maintain pH ranges.
Thus, Molecule 1. is aldehyde and ketone, Molecule 2 is acid and thio, Molecule 3 is acid and amide, Molecule 4 is alcohol and ether, Molecule 5 is Alcohol and acid.
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2. A small block of a metal with a mass of 223.1 grams when
submerged in a beaker containing water, the water level rises to
150.0 mL as shown in the figure here. If the density of the metal
block is 7.41 g/cm³ at 22°C, then what was the original water level
in the beaker?
Water leve
150 mL
The volume of the metal block can be calculated using the density and mass of the block is 30.0 cm³
What is metal block?A metal block is a solid piece of metal that is typically used for machining and other industrial applications. It is usually made from aluminum, steel, or other metals, and can be machined into a variety of shapes and sizes depending on the application. Metal blocks are also used for casting, forging, and other manufacturing processes. Metal blocks may also be used for decorative purposes, such as sculpture or engraving. They are also used in jewelry making and engraving, as well as in medical and dental applications.
The volume of the metal block can be calculated using the density and mass of the block:
Volume = Mass/Density = 223.1 g/7.41 g/cm³ = 30.0 cm³
Since the metal block was submerged in the water, the volume of the block will be added to the volume of water in the beaker. Therefore, the original water level in the beaker can be calculated using the following equation:
Original Water Level = 150 mL + (30.0 cm³/1000 cm³/mL) = 180.0 mL
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the bond between br atoms in a br2 molecule is
Answer:
COVALENT
Explanation:
covalent and is formed by the sharing of two valence electrons.
If you react 35.1g of calcium 37.1g of oxygen.
Which is limiting reactant and how much product can be made
The limiting reactant would be calcium and the amount of product that can be made would be 7.14 grams.
Stoichiometic problemCalcium reacts with oxygen to form calcium oxide according to the following balanced equation:
[tex]2Ca + O_2 --- > 2CaO[/tex]
In other words, the mole ratio of Ca to O is 2:1.
Mole of 35.1 g Ca = 35.1/40 = 0.1275
Mole of 37.1 g O = 37.1/16 = 2.3188
This means that oxygen is in excess while Ca is the limiting reagent.
The mole ratio of Ca to CaO is 1:1, thus the equivalent amount of CaO that will be produced will also be 0.1275 moles.
Mass of 0.1275 moles CaO = 0.1275 x 56 = 7.14 grams
In other words, the limiting reactant of the reaction is calcium while the amount of the product that can be made is 7.14 grams.
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The mass of copper nitrate produced from reacting 3.65g of copper and 5.16g of nitric acid
The mass of copper nitrate produced in the reaction 3.65g of copper and 5.16g of nitric acid is 3.84g.
What gas is produced when copper combines with nitric acid?Nitric acid reacts with copper
4 HNO3(l) + Cu(s) ==> Cu(NO3)2(s and aq) + 2 NO2(g) + 2 H2O(l)
Deep blue colour characterises the copper nitrate salt that develops. Nitrogen dioxide is the gas that is created when strong nitric acid and copper interact. This maroon mist is nitrogen dioxide.
Copper :
=> mass copper nitrate
=> 3.65g Cu x 1mol of Cu/63.546 g Cu x 1 mol copper nitrate / 1 mol cu x 187.56 g/mol copper nitrate
=> 10.77g
HNO3 (Nitric acid):
=> Mass copper nitrate =3.65 g HNO3 X 1 mol HNO3/63.546 g HNO3 x 1mol of copper nitrate /4 mol HNO3 x 187.56 g/mol copper nitrate.
=> 3.84g.
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Which of these is an example of a physical property?
A. Potassium ignites when placed in water.
B. Iron melts at 1,535 °C.
C. Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water.
D. Chlorine oxidizes bacterial cells.
Answer: B is correct.
Explanation:
Answer A is a chemical change because of intense changes of color and expansion.
Answer C is a chemical change, as hydrogen and water are chemically bonding together.
Answer D is a chemical change because oxidation involves loss of electrons during a chemical reaction.
On the other hand, melting is a physical change. Therefore, answer B is the correct answer.
Question (1 point)
Given the model, answer the following questions regarding effusion. The orange spheres have a greater root-mean-square speed than the blue spheres. Assume the balloon has a tiny opening for gas molecules to escape.
1st attempt
Part 1 ( 0.5 point)
See Periodic Table See Hint
Which balloon, A or B, most accurately illustrates the effusion of a gas from the central balloon?
Calculate the relative rate of effusion for the orange to blue spheres. The root-mean-square speed for the orange spheres is 495.0m/s. The root-meah-5quare speed for the blue spheres is 380.0m/ s.
According to the claim, Balloon A, which has more blue and less orange, exhibits accurate effusion at a relative effusion rate of 1.303. (orange is 1.303 times more effused than blue).Relative rate of effusion for the orange to blue spheres = 1.531.
What is effusion ?The process of effusion is when a gas escapes from a container through a hole that is significantly smaller in diameter than the molecules' mean free path.
Gas molecules flow through a small opening in one container and into another by effusion. Graham's law allows rates of effusion to be compared at the same temperature. Diffusion is the random molecular motion-based movement of gas molecules through one or more other types of gas.
Rate of effusion of Orange / Rate of effusion of blue
= [Mblue / Morange]^1/2
Vrms = sqrt [(3RT/M)]
Vorange / Vblue = [ Mblue / Morange]^1/2
Rate of effusion of Orange / Rate of effusion of blue
= 565/ 369
= 1.531
Thus, Balloon A, which has more blue and less orange, exhibits accurate effusion at a relative effusion rate of 1.303.
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When the conductivity is at a minimum, what must be true about the amount of Ba(OH)2?
When the conductivity is at a minimum, the true thing about the amount of Ba(OH)₂ is that the amount of the two reactants are the same when conductivity is low.
What is conductivity?The ability of an aqueous solution to carry an electric current is measured by its conductivity. Ionic strength is measured by conductivity monitors. In automated chromatography systems, conductivity is the main input control parameter used to enable the generation of salt gradients or to control buffer dilution or in-line buffer preparation.
Conductivity monitors can be used to automate and monitor cleaning and equilibration procedures. It's important to remember that temperature affects measurements of conductivity and pH.
When conductivity is low, the amounts of the two reactants are equal. Between the reactants, there are no excesses. The aqueous solution cannot dissolve the precipitate BaSO₄. Since there are no ions, the conductivity is at its lowest.
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Complete question
The Ba(OH)₂ dissociates as Ba+2 + 2 OH-. H₂SO₄ dissociates as 2 H+ + SO₄-2. When the conductivity is at a minimum, what must be true about the amount of Ba(OH)₂ compared to H₂SO₄
If 160 grams of a 200-gram sample of gold-198 decay in 6.25 days, what is the half-life of gold-198?
The half-life of gold-198 is 2.77 days
What is half-life of gold-198?Gold-198 decays with a half-life of 2.7 days to stable mercury-198 by emission of ß particles of maximum energy 0.960 Mev and Y -rays of energies 0.412, 0.68 and 1.09 Mev as shown schematically in In a gold grain, the thickness of the enveloping sheath of platinum is such that the ß particles: The amount of time it takes to disintegrate by half an initial amount. For a given reaction, a reactant's half-life t1/2 is the time it takes for its concentration to reach a value which is the arithmetic mean of its initial and final (equilibrium) value.Since Au-198 is 200 g originally and it decays to 160 g, so 40g leftthe fraction decay is 40/200 = 0.2the time base is 6.25 daysln0.2/6.25 = -0.25k=ln2/half life therefore half-life = ln2/k = ln2/0.25half life = 2.77 daysSo, half life of gold is 2.77 daysTo learn more about half-life of gold-198 refers to:
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Nitrogen monoxide and oxygen can be formed from the thermal decomposition of nitrogen dioxide.
2NO2 (g) = 2NO (g) + O₂(g)
In an experiment, 4 moles of nitrogen dioxide were put into a 1.0 dm³ container and heated
to a constant temperature. The equilibrium mixture contains 0.8 moles of oxygen.
What is the value of the equilibrium constant, Kc?
1.5 POINTS
A
C
E
LU
0.032
0.853
0.426
B
D
0.222
0.356
FINISH QUIZ
Answer:
0.355 moldm^-3
Explanation:
Why do some elements not take part in chemical bonds?
Answer:
Because there is some element which is already in an octet state and has no need to achieve it, they have a full electron in their outermost shells such as helium, argon etc.