cytosine can be mutated through a deamination reaction. after one round of replication resulting in double stranded DNA, uracil-adenine base pair would occupy this position. After two rounds of replication Adenine-uracil and uracil-adenine base pairs are formed in two distinct new double stranded DNA.
What is mutation?
A mutation is a change that takes place in the sequence of our DNA as a result of errors made during DNA replication or environmental influences like UV light and cigarette smoke. Viral infection, exposure to mutagens, and mistakes in DNA replication during cell division can all result in mutations. Germline mutations, which occur in eggs and sperm as opposed to somatic mutations, which occur in body cells, can be passed on to progeny.
A cytosine base can be transformed into uracil, a base generally only found in RNA, by a chemical process called deamination. Uncorrected cytosine-to-uracil changes might result in mutations because during DNA replication, uracil will link with adenine rather than guanine (as it would if the base was still cytosine). And after two round of replication one new double strand DNA have adenine-uracil base pair and another strand have uracil-adenine base pair.
Hence cytosine can be mutated through a deamination reaction. after one round of replication resulting in double stranded DNA, uracil-adenine base pair would occupy this position. After two rounds of replication Adenine-uracil and uracil-adenine base pairs are formed in two distinct new double stranded DNA
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12. After Johanna pushes for a while, she begins to feel tired. What type of energy is
transformed into the kinetic energy she uses?
A. chemical
B. electrical
C. nuclear
D. thermal
After Johanna pushes it for a while, she begins to feel tired. Here Thermal energy is being transformed into the kinetic energy that she is using.
What is Kinetic Energy?The energy that an object has as a result of its ongoing motion is known as kinetic energy in terms of physics. It is described as the effort required to move a mass-determined body from rest to the indicated velocity.
The body holds onto the kinetic energy that it acquires during this acceleration until and unless its speed changes. Kinetic energy has the following formula: K.E. = ½ m v2, where m is the object’s mass and v are its square velocity.
Measure of Kinetic EnergyThe kinetic energy that is measured in kilograms-meters then squared per second squared if this mass is then measured in kilograms and the velocity is then measured in meters per second.
When potential energy is released, among other catalysts such as elastic forces or gravity, kinetic energy is produced.
Motion is created by kinetic energy. The kinetic energy of an object increases as force is applied to it and it accelerates.
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bio help please please
The given diagram summarizes the light reactions of photosynthesis. Which numbered question mark represents a molecule of ATP?
The third (3) number question mark represents the molecule of ATP in the given diagram of light reactions of photosynthesis.
ATP is the abbreviation for Adenosine Triphosphate. It is one of the major energy derivative in the body of living organisms. There are several processes carried out inside the body of living organism for the production of ATP.
Light reaction is the first phase of photosynthesis in which the sunlight energy is used directly to form ATP and NADPH for synthesis of food. The sunlight energy mediates the splitting of water molecule to release protons and electrons which are further used in the production of energy derivatives.
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In 4 sentences explain What happens in the brain during creative thinking.
Help me with question number 1 and 2.
Kendis eats predator fish that feed on small oysters in a river ecosystem. the river has become polluted with moderate levels of heavy metals which are absorbed by the oysters. what is the most likely cause of this pollutant on kendis if he keeps eating the predator fish? nothing will happen because the oysters are small. nothing will happen because the fish will stop eating the oysters. kendis will get sick because the pollutants will biomagnify. kendis will get sick because the pollutants will enter the drinking water.
The most likely cause of the pollutant on Kendis if he keeps eating the predator fish is that Kendis will get sick because the pollutants will biomagnify (option C).
What is biomagnification?Biomagnification is the process, in an ecosystem, in which a higher concentration of a substance in an organism is obtained higher up the food chain.
According to this question, Kendis eats predator fish that feed on small oysters in a river ecosystem. However, the river has become polluted with moderate levels of heavy metals which are absorbed by the oysters.
This means that a continuous consumption of the predator fish will lead to a bioaccumulation of the heavy metals in Kendis causing the metal concentration to biomagnify.
Therefore, Kendis will likely get sick due to the bioaccumulation of the metal.
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PLEASE HELP, WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST
How do humans reproduce? Explain fully in detail.
Answer:
female conception. females and males have 46 chromosomes in 23 pairs. the female's egg (ovum) has 23 chromosomes, and the male's sperm has 23 chromosomes. fertilization occurs. a zygote is formed, containing 46 chromosomes in 23 pairs. meiosis occurs, and the embryo is formed. after after becoming an embryo after being a 4-cell blastomere and a blastocyst after 6 days, after 23 days, it develops (as an embryo) for 33 days, it becomes a fetus and is usually birthed after 9 months of pregnancy.
Which of the following statements provides the best evidence to support the claim shown above?
The correct option is first, as the jackrabbit's circulatory system increases blood flow to the ears during hot days and blood flow to the ears decreases during cool or cold nights.
Homeostasis is vital to preserving an ideal environment for cell structures to work effectively. The direction of a cell or an animal's inner environment in reaction to changes within the outside environment is called homeostasis.
In this case, the jackrabbit's circulatory framework is reacting to fluctuating temperatures.
On hot days, the body is at a chance of warming up over ideal temperature which might obstruct body capacities. In this manner, the bloodstream to the ears is expanded to encourage heat loss.
In cold temperatures, the bloodstream to the ears is diminished to moderate warm for crucial body organs. The bloodstream is coordinated to the center of the body to secure the heart, lungs, liver, and brain.
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What is one negative ecological (ecosystem-related) impact on rangelands from grazing livestock?
A. the land owners make too much money
B. the weight of the cattle compacts the soil
C. the livestock are very expensive
D. increased profits for owners
Answer: B the weight of the cattle compacts the soil
Explanation:
ecosystem related would mean that the answer relates to the land. this rules out A and D as they are related to profits off of the land and not necessarily the health/wellbeing of the physical land. C is also out-ruled as the price of the cattle is not a directly going to negatively effect the land.
The weight for the cattle is very relevant as cattle are very heavy and with regular walking/grazing/standing on the rangeland the soil will become harder (aka. compact) resulting in less loose soil for grass to grow.
This can be off set by allowing the land to rest or other means such as plowing occasionally so that it is easier for grass to continue to thrive for feeding the cattle.
What differences do you notice between the rhythm and beats in Colombia's Joropo music and Brazil's Carnival music?
Colombia has a vibrant of talent that touches a full spectrum of rhythms whereas Brazil's Carnival music uses rhythm parts that all mixed up with substantial harmonies.
What differences between the Colombia's Joropo and Brazil's Carnival music?Colombia is a lively photomontage of flair that meet full of rhythms ranging from Pop music and Classical music to Salsa and Rock music. Because Known for its signature rhythm, Cumbia began as a courtship dance practiced among African slaves, and later mixed with Amerindian steps and European and African instruments and musical characteristics. Today, Cumbia is very famous in the Andean region of Colombia. Soca is the high-energy music you'll make out pumping from sound systems that accompany the Brazil's Carnival Parade. It is a strong mix of calypso, electronic jazz strike, thumping bass lines, melodious horns, and rhythm parts all mixed up with substantial harmonies. In fact, it is still the most famous Brazilian track to date.
so we can conclude that Brazil's Carnival music uses rhythm parts that all mixed up with harmonies while on the other hand, Colombia has a vibrant of talent that touches a full spectrum of rhythms.
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what is schizophyta and cyanophta
Answer:
Schizophyte was a botanical classification proposed by Ferdinand Cohn to describe the class of primitive "plants" that reproduce solely by fission. It has been considered synonymous with the Protophyta of Sachs and the Monera of Haeckel
and
Cyanobacteria, also known as Cyanophyta, are a phylum of Gram-negative bacteria that obtain energy via photosynthesis. The name cyanobacteria refers to their color, which similarly forms the basis of cyanobacteria's common name, blue-green algae.
Explanation:
when performing phage typing to identify an unknown bacterium, you must have in your possession. group of answer choices antiserum containing antibodies that will bind to the bacterium to be identified dna that will hybridize to the dna of the bacterium to be identified fluorescent molecules that will light up when bound to the dna of the bacterium viruses that will specifically infect the bacterium you're trying to identify rna that will hybridize to the rna of the bacterium to be identified
When performing phage typing to identify an unknown bacterium, we must have into account the viruses that will specifically infect the bacterium we're trying to identify.
What is a bacteriophage?A bacteriophage is a specific virus that is able to infect a given bacterium or a group of bacteria species. The expression phage typing involves the identification of these bacteriophages in a given sample, which may depend on our ability to biochemically identify these entities (ie., these viruses).
Therefore, we can conclude that bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria and they can be identified by phage typing.
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3. Calculating You use a lever to lift a 100-N box onto a shelf. If you push down an effort distance of 1.5 m using an effort force of 60 N, how high will the box rise? (Hint: In this problem, the box's weight is equal to the resistance force.)
If you push down an effort distance of 1.5m using an effort force of 60N, the box will rise distance of 0.9m.
To lift a 100N box onto a shelf. If we push an effort distance of 1.5m using an effort of 60N. The 100N box will rise up by a distance H.
This distance d can be calculated,
Using law of conservation of energy,
As there is no external force on the body the concept of conservation of energy can be used here,
It means that the applied energy will be equal to the output energy in the ideal conditions.
So, we can write,
Energy(applied) = Energy(Output)
mgh = MgH
Where,
mg is the effort force of 60N,
Mg weight of the box to be lift which is 100N,
h is the effort distance of 1.5 meters and,
H is height by which the box will rise.
Putting all the values,
60×1.5 = 100 × H
H = 90/100
H = 0.9m
The 100N box will rise upto a distance of 0.9 meters.
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ach of two parents has the genotype , which consists of the pair of alleles that determine , and each parent contributes one of those alleles to a child. assume that if the child has at least one allele, that color will dominate and the child's will be . a. list the different possible outcomes. assume that these outcomes are equally likely. b. what is the probability that a child of these parents will have the genotype? c. what is the probability that the child will have ?
Each of two parents has the genotype blonde divided by red, which consists of the pair of alleles that determine hair color, and each parent contributes one of those alleles to a child.
If the child has at least one allele, that color will dominate and the child would be blonde.
a. The different possible outcomes are blonde-blonde, blonde-red, red-blonde, and red-red.
b. The probability that a child of these parents will have the dominant genotype is 3/4 or 0.75.
c. The probability that the child of these parents will have a recessive genotype is 1/4 or 0.25.
Genotype is the genetic make-up of a single characteristic, a collection of traits, or a full complex of traits in relation to an organism or group of organisms. Genotype of an organism represents the phenotype of that organism.
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during mitotic anaphase, chromosomes migrate… along with the other member of the homologous pair toward the equatorial plate. from the poles of the cell toward the equatorial plate. along with their sister chromatids toward one pole. toward the nuclear envelope. from the equatorial plate toward the poles.
During mitotic anaphase, chromosomes migrate from the equatorial plate toward the poles.
Mitotic Anaphase- Each set of chromosomes divides into two identical, individual chromosomes during anaphase. The mitotic spindle is a structure that separates the chromosomes. Each set of chromosomes splits into two identical, autonomous chromosomes during anaphase. The mitotic spindle is a structure that separates the chromosomes.
Chromosome- The thread-like chromosomes that convey the genetic data from to cell are formed of protein as well as a single DNA molecule. Chromosomes are found within the cell's nucleus in both plants and animals, including humans.
DNA- Deoxyribonucleic acid, also referred to as DNA, is a sophisticated molecule that houses all of the data required to create and maintain a organism. DNA is a component of every living thing's cells. In fact, almost all of the cells in a multicellular creature have all of the DNA necessary for that organism.
The given question pattern is wrong, fond below the correct form of the question,
Q. During mitotic anaphase, chromosomes migrate
a. from the poles of the cell toward the equatorial plate.
b. from the equatorial plate toward the poles.
c. toward the nuclear envelope.
d. along with their sister chromatids toward one pole.
e. along with the other member of the homologous pair toward the equatorial plate.
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answer 4 questions for 100 points and brainliest!
1; how does carbon stay in the bottom of the ocean.
A: animals eating dead animals
B: it disappears
C: there is none
2: the mucus trap for hunting
A: false
b; true
3: the physical pump is based on circulation.
A: false
b true
4: why do twilight zone creatures migrate to the surface every night.
A: to visit family
b: to eat organisms and plankton
C: say hello to friends
D: to evade larger pedtaors in the deep
E: both b and d
Answer:
Carbon dioxide is naturally stored in the ocean through chemical processes, either as a dissolved gas or, over a longer time scale, as carbonate sediments on the seafloor
Explanation:q.1
sometimes the effect of gene interaction is that one gene masks (hides) the effect of another gene at a different locus, a phenomenon known as please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. answer choices epistatic gene. hypostatic gene. duplicate recessive epistasis.
Answer:
c. albinism in snails
Explanation: answer from biology class hope it helps
consider a hypothetical signaling pathway where the initiating signal is a, the terminal response is e, and there are three intermediate components, b, c, and d, such that the complete pathway is a-b-c-d-e. experimentally, you determine that e acts to simulate a. this is an example of
This is an example of Positive feedback
In contrast to negative feedback, positive feedback occurs when an output is used as a signal to increase further response of the output. In other words, if process A results in consequence E, E reinforces process A, resulting in a cascade where more of E occurs, which causes more of A to occur, and so on.
That is to say, E signals to A to continue the sequence of reactions leading to output E in itself. In most cases, positive feedback always acts to elicit a response from the initiating or preceding steps in a pathway. It is called positive feedback because the result of the action is to amplify the output of a process.
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Walter Disney - Why are they inspiring and how will you use them as an example to accomplish your goals?
Please help me In your own words I need help I only have 30 minutes
Answer: Take What You Do Seriously
He never took his art or talent for granted. Never would you find Walt Disney in his studio slacking off or procrastinating on his projects. He always took the lead when it came to doing what he loved, never putting his passion on the back burner. another answer might help you
He was thoughtful and creative to the people around him and that made him a natural success, inspiring young kids and even older people that wanted to think outside the box was a possibility. In conclusion, Walt Disney inspired everyone that loved his work and wanted to follow their dreams or even wish upon a star.
Explanation: The key to Walt's legacy of success was turning his failures into learning opportunities, and pushing through when times got rough. “All the adversity I've had in my life, all my troubles and obstacles, have strengthened me
The image shows rock layers and magma under Earth's
surface.
Existing rock layers.
At which location are metamorphic rocks most likely
forming?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
Under the surface of the Earth, the graphic depicts magma and rock strata, metamorphic rocks most likely to form 3rd layer.
The ideal answer is C.
Igneous rocks: what are they?the frozen magma layer Igneous rock, a subclass of rock, is formed by stone. Extrusive igneous rocks are created by magma that freezes after it has reached the earth's surface. While the earth's frozen magma, which has not yet reached the surface, creates an intrusive rock type. Igneous rocks, on the other hand, refer to all rocks created by the freezing of magma.
What is magma?Magma was present before the occurrence ever began. The foundation of all rock formation is this magma. Due to the presence of magma that was crystallizing beforehand, the formation of rocks was the first.
Under the surface of the Earth, the graphic depicts magma and rock strata, metamorphic rocks most likely to form 3rd layer.
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Which produces more energy, aerobic respiration or
fermentation?
a. Fermentation
b. Respiration
c. They produce the same amount of energy
d. It depends on the type of cell
Answer:
aerobic respiration
Explanation:
Aerobic respiration produces more usable chemical energy in the form of ATPs than fermentation because aerobic respiration involves the complete oxidation of glucose and the release of carbon dioxide and water as end products.
Write one to two paragraphs discussing your thoughts and prior knowledge on the question prompt: “Why do you think Galileo’s work brought him into conflict with the Catholic Church?”
Please help me
Answer: Galileo was ordered to turn himself into the Holy Office to begin trial for holding the belief that the Earth revolves around the sun, which was deemed heretical by the Catholic Church.
air and water pollution are directly responsible for the loss of some species. in their studies of these pollution effects, biologists have determined that are especially sensitive to air pollution, and are now being used as an index of urban air quality. air and water pollution are directly responsible for the loss of some species. in their studies of these pollution effects, biologists have determined that are especially sensitive to air pollution, and are now being used as an index of urban air quality. evergreen trees lichens deciduous trees warblers songbirds
The lichens are especially sensitive to air pollution.
What is air quality index?The Air Quality Index (AQI) is used for reporting daily air quality. It tells you how clean or polluted your air is, and what associated health effects might be a concern for you. The AQI focuses on health effects you may experience within a few hours or days after breathing polluted air.
Urban air quality refers to how “clean” the ambient air is inside of cities with a density, population, and level of activity that generally are recognized as “urban.” Urban air quality generally differs from rural air quality since there are more concentrated sources and the ability for the pollutants in the air to be dispersed are limited by the physical constraints of the urban environment. Urban air quality varies significantly in urban cities in industrialized worlds, and non industrialized world generally because of the difference between control on pollution sources and use of open fires in the urban areas. Nevertheless, illness, deaths, and damage to the environment are still attributed across the world to air pollution.
To grow, lichens obtain their nutrients from the air.
Since lichens have neither roots nor a protective surface, they cannot filter what they take in, so they take in whatever is in the air directly. Pollutants can accumulate in the lichen and become toxic very quickly.
Museum lichen researcher Gothamie Weerakoon believes lichens are excellent indicators of air pollution. She says, "They are very sensitive, respond to pollution within a short period of time, and we have access to very good databases that allow us to understand different species of lichens.
Butterflies, nematodes, frogs and toads are very good indicators of environmental pollutants, but lichens are easier to study and respond more quickly to environmental changes. To grow, lichens obtain their nutrients from the air.
Hence, The lichens are especially sensitive to air pollution.
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A researcher placed a sample of purified lipid in a test tube containing water. She observed the formation of spherical micelle structures in the solution. Ultrastructural analysis of the micelles showed a light outer shell and a denser inner core.
Use the passage to answer the question.
The researcher hypothesizes that the lipid micelles are held together by non-covalent interactions. She tests this hypothesis by vigorously agitating the solution. Which of these observations would provide the STRONGEST support for her hypothesis?
A.
The number of micelles decreases, and the size of the micelles decreases.
B.
The number of micelles increases, and the size of the micelles decreases.
C.
The number of micelles decreases, and the size of the micelles increases.
D.
The number of micelles increases, and the size of the micelles increases.
6 / 24
The hypothesis that supports that micelles are held together by non-covalent interactions are: (B) The number of micelles increases, and the size of the micelles decreases.
Non-covalent interactions are the bonds that are formed without the sharing of electrons. The example of the same are: ionic bonds, hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals forces.
Micelles are the spherical structures formed by lipids in aqueous solution. The hydrophobic tail of the micelles remains on the inside while the hydrophilic head remains on the outside. Since the micelles are held together by non-covalent interaction, they can break off easily upon constant agitation. This is why the micelle size decreases. Since it is the tendency of lipids to form micelles in aqueous solution, the separated lipids due to agitation will again join together to form another micelle, hence their number increases.
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what does bonsai means?
Bonsai are like tiny miniature trees.
Literally, it means "planted in a container."
Question 3 of 25
Which best explains stream of consciousness?
A. Narration that is written quickly and left unedited
B. Narration that tries to imitate the patterns of real thought
C. Narration that does not emphasize sound and rhythm
D. Narration that focuses on dialogue between characters
B. Narration that tries to imitate the patterns of real thought.
Explains the best stream of consciousness
What is consciousness?Consciousness is the individual awareness of your unique thoughts, memories, feelings, sensations and environment. Basically, your consciousness is your awareness of yourself and the world around you. This awareness is subjective and unique to you.
The Māṇḍūkya Upanishad are the source of Hindu revelations about the four states of consciousness and define these states as waking, sleep, deep sleep, and turya. - the fourth state, which is the state of enlightenment.
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a variety of factors influence enzyme activity. substances that bind to the enzyme and interfere with substrate binding or catalysis are inhibitors. identify the type of inhibition associated with each of the descriptions and examples by classifying each statement as irreversible, competitive, or mixed inhibition. you are currently in a sorting module. turn off browse mode or quick nav, tab to items, space or enter to pick up, tab to move, space or enter to drop. irreversible inhibition competitive inhibition mixed inhibition
Answer:
Irreversible inhibitioninhibitor may permanently modify an enzymeDIPFDIPF permanently modifies the hydroxyl group of a Ser residue at the active site.
Competitive inhibitioninhibitor binds reversibly to an enzyme's active sitemalonate, which resembles succinate, binds to the succinate dehydrogenase active site
Mixed inhibitioninhibitor binds to an enzyme at a site other than the active sitethe Al+3Al3+ ion binds to acetylcholinesterase or to the acetylcholinesterase‑substrate complex
Explanation:
thats all have a nice day
Which statement describes one way that the source of the energy released during cellular respiration is delivered to tree cells? Multiple choice question. cross out A) Water is transported from the roots to the leaves. cross out B) Sugars are transported from the leaves to the roots. cross out C) Minerals are transported from the roots to the leaves. cross out D) Carbon dioxide is transported from the leaves to the roots.
B) Sugars are transported from the leaves to the roots.
Leaves- Simple leaves have an entirely undivided blade, but they can also have lobes in which the gaps between the lobes don't reach the main vein. In a complex leaf, each leaf blade is split into leaflets, each of which has a stalk and is connected to the main vein.
Root- A plant's roots serve a number of vital purposes. The plant is anchored in place by its roots, which fend off the forces of wind, water movement, and mud flow. In order to transport oxygen, water, and nutrients upward through into the plant to a stems, leaves, and flowers, the root system absorbs these elements from the soil.
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What is a nucleosome?
The Answer is C
hope this helps!
Ichthyosaurs were aquatic dinosaurs. Fossils show us that they had dorsal fins and tails, as do fish, even though their closest relatives were terrestrial reptiles that had neither dorsal fins nor aquatic tails. The dorsal fins and tails of ichthyosaurs and fish are * 1 point Homologous Examples of convergent evolution. Adaptations to a common environment. Examples of convergent evolution as well adaptations to a common environment
The dorsal fins and tails of ichthyosaurs and fish are examples of convergent evolution as well adaptations to a common environment (option 4).
What is convergent evolution?Convergent evolution is a type of evolution that produces similar features in organisms which are not evolutionary-related individuals. This type of evolution is different from divergent evolution, which generates different features in evolutionarily related species.
Therefore, we can conclude that convergent evolution leads to the generation of similar features in non related species such as occurring in the dorsal fins and tails of ichthyosaurs and fish.
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the result of adrenergic stimulation varies: adrenergic stimulation of smooth muscles of bronchioles results in a(n) effect while adrenergic stimulation of the heart results in a(n) effect.
Answer:
Inhibitory; excitatory
Explanation: from biology class your welcome!