a standard pcr cycle includes three steps: denaturation (95°c), annealing (55°c), and elongation (65°c). drag each ingredients of a pcr reaction into the bin labeled with the step in the pcr cycle in which it is first used.

In accordance with Hess's law, the total enthalpy of the reaction in question would be -200 kJ.

Hess's law (also known as Hess's law of constant heat summation) states that regardless of the multiple steps or stages of a reaction, the total enthalpy change for the reaction is the sum of all stages. This means that if the reaction has two steps, their individual changes in enthalpy contribute to the total change in enthalpy for the sum reaction. In this case, one step is exothermic (-658 kJ), and the other is endothermic (458 kJ), but the overall reaction is still exothermic (-658 kJ + 458 kJ = -200 kJ) because the absolute value for enthalpy change in the first reaction is greater than the absolute value for enthalpy change in the second reaction.

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The moles of carbon dioxide produced by the reaction acetylene of 0.055mol of oxygen is  0.044 mole.

Acetylene is a chemical compound with the formula C₂H₂ and structure H−C≡C−H. it is a hydrocarbon and the best alkyne. This colorless fuel is widely used as a gas and a chemical constructing block. it is unstable in its pure form and consequently is usually handled as a solution.

The balanced chemical reaction is,

2C₂H₂ (g) + 5O₂ (g)   ===>   4CO₂ (g) + 2H₂O (g)

2 C2H2 (g)  + 5 O2 (g)   -------->  4 CO2 (g)  + 2 H2O (g)

2 mol acetylene  -------->  4 mol CO2

  ?? C2H2    ------------> 0.055 mol Co2

moles of acetylene = 0.055 x 2 / 4

                           = 0.0275 mol

moles of acetylene = 0.028 mol

5 mole of oxygen produced = 4 mole of CO₂

0.055mol of oxygen = 4/5 ×  0.055

                                   = 0.044 mole

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The value of Equilibrium constant kp = 0.019

A dynamic chemical system approaches chemical equilibrium when enough time has passed and its composition no longer exhibits any discernible propensity to change further. The equilibrium constant of a chemical reaction is the value of its reaction quotient at chemical equilibrium.

An perfect gaseous mixture's equilibrium constants are Kp and Kc. When equilibrium concentrations are represented in terms of atmospheric pressure, the equilibrium constant employed is Kp, and when expressed in terms of molarity, it is Kc.

2 CO(g) + Mo0= 2 CO+Mo

5.2l atm 0.727 atm n

[tex]$$2 \mathrm{CO}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{MoO}_2 \rightleftharpoons 2 \mathrm{CO}+\mathrm{Mo}$$\\$5.21 \mathrm{~atm} 0.727\mathrm{~atm}\\\\$Equilibrium Constant, $K_p=\frac{\left[\mathrm{CO}_2\right]^2}{[\mathrm{CO}]^2}=\frac{[0.727]^2}{[5.21]^2}=0.019$[/tex]

The value of Equilibrium constant kp = 0.019

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The number of moles of calcium present in 199 grams of calcium is 4.98 moles.

The number of moles of a substance can be calculated by dividing the mass by the molar mass as follows:

Moles is the amount of substance; the amount of substance of a system which contains exactly 6.02214076 × 10²³ elementary entities.

no of moles = mass ÷ molar mass

According to this question, 199 grams of calcium is given. The molar mass of calcium is 40g/mol. The number of moles can be calculated as follows:

no of moles = 199g ÷ 40g/mol

no of moles = 4.98 moles

Therefore, 4.98 moles of calcium is present in 199g of Ca.

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A and C are metals and B is non-metal.

Metal are soft so A and C are metal and B is dull and not very hard so it is non-metal.

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According to the characteristics of metals and non-metals,materials A and C are soft  while material B is a non-metal and it is not very hard.

An element is the simplest  form of matter.Elements are further classified as metal,non -metals and metalloids. Metals possess luster and are malleable that is they can be drawn into thin sheets.They are  also ductile and can be drawn into thin wires  and are hard due to the strong ionic bonding present in them.

Non-metals on the other hand do not possess luster and are dull . They are not malleable and ductile and are soft due to the covalent bonding present in them .Due to the hard structure of metals  they have high melting points and non-metals on the other hand owing to their soft  nature have low melting points.

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Answer:

P 1 T 1 = P 2 T 2

Combined gas law: P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2 Use the gas laws for pressure, volume and temperature calculations.

Convection is an autonomous single- or multiphase fluid movement that arises from the interaction of the fluid's body forces, most typically gravity and density, with the heterogeneity of its material properties.

Q=h AΔT

Q = heat transfer rate

h = convection heat-transfer coefficient

A = exposed surface area

ΔT = temperature difference

Convection is the motion of warmer regions of a liquid or gas rising and cooler regions of a liquid or gas sinking, occasionally producing a full cycle. The visibility, especially in the air, is frequently low.

When there are changes in density inside a mass of liquid or gas, the phenomena known as a convection cell occurs in the science of fluid dynamics. The primary characteristics of a convection cell are rising and/or falling currents, which are caused by these density discrepancies.

It is the vertical circulation brought on by variations in density that are ultimately caused by variations in temperature. This process involves heat transfer through the movement of hot fluid, resulting in convection currents.

Slow-moving solids, such as a portion of the Earth's mantle, are also regarded as fluids, despite the fact that the name "fluid" normally refers to a liquid or a gas.

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Weak acids are Ca(OH)2,KOH.

When the hydrogen atom and the other atom in the link are not sufficiently polar, weak acids can form because the hydrogen ion cannot be removed with ease. The size of the atom linked to hydrogen is another element that influences an acid's potency.

Weak acids can occur when the hydrogen atom and the other atom in the connection are not sufficiently polar because the hydrogen ion cannot be easily withdrawn. Another factor that affects an acid's potency is the size of the atom that is connected to the hydrogen atom.

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Given Mass = 23.2 g

Molecular mass = 46 grams per mole

Mole = Given Mass / molecular mass

⇒ Mole = 23.2g / 46 = 0.504 mole

Number of molecules = number of moles x Avogadro's number

⇒ Number of molecules = 0.504 x 6.023 x 10^23

⇒ Number of molecules = 3.035592 x 10^23 = 0.035 x 10^23 (approx.)

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I would expect  to happen if the cup of olive oil in question 4a is poured into a container of ethanol from question 3 it will settle to the bottom of the container because olive oil has a higher density than ethanol,

Like a solid, a liquid has a unique characteristic density. A liquid's density serves as a gauge for its weight relative to the volume being evaluated. The liquid that weighs more is denser if two distinct liquids are weighed in quantities that are equivalent.

It will float on the water if a liquid that is less thick than water is carefully added to the surface of the water. If you add something to the water's surface that is denser than water, it will sink.

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The percent error in the student's measurement is 18.2%.

The percentage error in a measurement can be calculated by subtracting the actual number from the estimated number to find the error.

Then, one divides the error in absolute value by the actual number in absolute value. This gives the error in a decimal format. From there, one can multiply by 100% to find the percentage error.

According to this question, a student measures the density of a piece of plastic to be 0.90g/mL. However, the accepted or absolute value for the density of that type of plastic is 1.1g/mL.

Percent error = (1.1 - 0.9)/1.1 × 100

Percent error = 0.1818 × 100

Percent error = 18.2%

Therefore, 18.2% is the percentage error of the density of that plastic.

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Answer:

7,008,000

Explanation:

1. 7.008 x 10^6

2. Move the decimal point 6 times to the right and then calculate from there  

6.07 g of gold chloride is created when 3.94 g of gold is combined with chlorine.

Here are five facts about chlorine:

Chlorine ranks as the third most prevalent element in the planet's water supply. In the Earth's crust, chlorine ranks as the 21st most common element. In the human body, chlorine is the tenth most common element. Chlorine gas has a yellow-green color and an earthy scent.

Chlorine is used to produce chlorides, chlorinated solvents, pesticides, polymers, synthetic rubbers, and refrigerants, among other things.

Gold is made into chloride by mixing it with chlorine.

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Sunlight brings warm which when fall over oceans or waters evaporate and goes up to sky.

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Given that we know that the mass of the compound used for the trials is related to the temperature difference, it is correct to state therefore that " Approximately half the mass of salt produced approximately half the temperature change" (Option A)

An experiment is a technique that is carried out to support or deny a hypothesis, or to test the efficacy or probability of something that has never been done before. Experiments shed light on cause-and-effect relationships by revealing what happens when a specific element is changed.

Typically, the experimental variable is one or more of the sample attribute categories. It summarizes the differences between the test and control samples that you are studying.

The following are various types of experiments:

The totally randomized design is the most common experimental design.

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Full Question:

Ally completed part b of experiment IHT. In their second trial, they used half the mass of salt from their first trial. what trend would they expect to observe in the temperature change with respect to the mass salt they used in their first and second trials?


A) Approximately half the mass of salt produced approximately half the temperature change

B) No trend was observed

C) Approximately half the mass of salt produced approximately double the temperature change

Chemistry => The Mole => Percent of water in a Hydrate

We have a compound that is hydrated with "n" moles of water. To determine the moles of water, what we will do is take as a base a mole of the dry compound, that is, 1 mol of Na2SO4.

We will determine the mass of one mol of the dry compound and the difference between the hydrated compound and the dry compound will be the water content.

Let's see what is the molar mass of the dry compound: Na2SO4

Element Mass

Na 2 x 22.99 =45.98 g/mol

S 1 x 32.065 = 32.065 g/mol

O 4 x 15.999 = 63.996 g/mol

Sum 142.04 g/mol

So, we have that one mol of Na2SO4 has a mass of 142.04.

Now, the water in 1 mol of the hydrated compound will be:

Now, we divide the mass obtained by the molar mass of water, 18.01 g/mol:

In the hydrated compound, we have 9 moles of H2O for each mol of Na2SO4.

Therefore the ANSWER will be B. 9

Answer:

Explanation:

1 - Atomic number is the number of protons in an atom.
2 - Atomic Mass is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
3 - Isotopes are atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic mass number due to the different number of neutrons in the nucleus.
4 - Relative Atomic Mass is the weight in grams  of the atom of an element as it occurs in nature to 1/12th of the mass of the carbon-12 atom
5 - Mass Spectrometry is the technique to determine the mass of particles.

The frequency of light will create photoelectrons is 1.54 x 10¹⁵ Hz.

The energy of the photon emitted by the light is calculated from the summation of kinetic energy of the photon and work function of the metal.

E = K.E + Ф

where;

E = 1.88 eV + 4.5 eV

E = 6.38 eV

1 eV = 1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹ J

E = 6.38 x 1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹ J

E = 1.021 x 10⁻¹⁸ J

The frequency of the light is calculated as follows;

E = hf

f = E/h

where;

f = (1.021 x 10⁻¹⁸ J) / (6.626 x 10⁻³⁴)

f = 1.54 x 10¹⁵ Hz

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Based on the atomic structure of the given elements, the atoms in each pair having the larger atomic radii are as follows:

The atomic radius of an atom is the radius of the atom of an element.

It is measured as half the distance between the nucleus of two covalently bonded atoms of the element.

The atomic radius of an atom increases with an increase in electron shells or orbital but decreases with an increase in atomic number in atoms with the same number of electron shells.

Comparing the atomic radii of the given elements:

1. Li or Cs - Cs has the larger atomic radii because of greater atomic orbitals

2. K or Br - K has a greater atomic radius because it has a smaller atomic number with the same number of orbitals as Br.

3. Li or Fluorine - Li has a greater atomic radius because it has a smaller atomic number with the same number of orbitals as Fluorine.

4. C or Pb - Pb has the larger atomic radii because of greater atomic orbitals

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The temperatures of the gases will not be equal as oxygen gas will have a higher temperature than hydrogen gas because it has fewer moles overall.

The mechanical behavior of ideal gases is described by the ideal gas law. It has the ability to compute the volume of gases created or absorbed.

This equation is frequently used in chemical equations to convert between volumes and molar quantities.

According to the ideal gas law, there is a relationship between gas pressure, temperature, and volume.

PV = nRT

V is the same for both

So,

T is same for both.

When n increases, T decreases, so since n for hydrogen gas is 1 and n for oxygen gas is 0.5, it follows that oxygen gas will have a higher temperature than hydrogen gas because it has fewer moles overall.

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Answer:

NaCl

Explanation:

NaCL is Sodium chloride, commonly known as salt.

Answer:

I think yes

Explanation:

Temperature Effect on Conductors, Semiconductors & Insulators -The resistance of the conductor increase with an increase of temperature. Whereas the resistance of semiconductors and insulators decreases with an increase in temperature. The resistance of the substance either decreases or increases with a rise in temperature.

Wedge bonding is a type of wire bonding that forms bonds by using ultrasonic power and force. It is a well-known approach that is widely employed in the semiconductor industry. A three-dimensional representation of a molecule in which simple lines represent bonds in the image's plane, wedge-shaped lines represent bonds toward the viewer and dashed lines represent bonds away from the viewer. Copper wire with a diameter of 500 micrometers (0.02 in) can be wedge bonded satisfactorily. Large-diameter copper wire can and does replace aluminum wire where high current carrying capacity is required or complex geometry is a concern. Manufacturers' annealing and process steps

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The reaction of glucose in the presence of oxygen to carbon dioxide and water is [tex]C_{6} H_{12}O_{6} + O_{2}-- > CO_{2} +H_{2}O +energy[/tex].

[tex]C_{6} H_{12}O_{6} + O_{2}-- > CO_{2} +H_{2}O +energy[/tex]

Cells break down glucose to release energy through a process known as cellular respiration or respiration. Additionally emitted throughout the process are water and carbon dioxide. Whether there is oxygen present or not, this can occur. Aerobic respiration is the term for respiration that occurs when oxygen is present. Anaerobic respiration is the term used to describe a process that occurs without oxygen.

This process is an oxidation reaction because glucose and oxygen combine to create energy. This process releases energy and it is an exothermic reaction. The human body oxidizes glucose to provide energy. This reaction with oxygen is hence referred to as an oxidation reaction.

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Based on the information in the table, the most likely empirical formula of the ionic compound that forms between element X and fluorine is X₂O₃ and is denoted as option C.

This is referred to as the minimum energy which is required to remove a loosely bound electron from a gaseous atom etc and it is also measures how capable an element is in entering into a chemical reaction.

From the table given, we can deduce that the element X most likely has three valance electrons. This is because there is a huge difference between the first three ionization energy and the fourth ionization energy.

The three valance electrons in the outermost shell will be lost to create a stable octet structure. The loss of three valance electrons will create a +3 charge.

Compounds have a net electric charge of zero, X has a charge of +3 and Oxygen has a charge of -2.

So n× +3 + m × −2 = 0

The Least Common Multiple of 3 and 3 is 6.

2 × + 3 = + 6 therefore n = 2

3 × − 2 = −6  therefore m = 3

2× + 3 + 3 × − 2 = 0

Therefore the formula is X₂O₃

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The Lewis structures for methyl azide are shown in the image.

There are three possible Lewis structures for methyl azide. A necessary element of all three is a separation of charges between two of the three nitrogen atoms. Although separation of charges is generally seen as unfavorable, here it is necessary in order to construct Lewis structures with full electron octets for the nitrogen atoms.

The exception is the third structure, in which the leftmost nitrogen atom has a sextet instead, lowering the overall stability of that resonance structure and making it the one with the smallest contribution in the resonance hybrid.

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The oxygen which will be consumed by a person in 1 week is 393.75 moles.

The ratio of a substance's given mass in a chemical reaction to the mass of one mole of that material is the number of moles of that substance. A mole of any substance is equal to 6.023 × 10²³ or Avogadro's number. Molecular weight and other concentration units like mole per liter are also expressed using it.

No. of moles = given mass of substance / Molar mass of a substance

here, given mass = 900g

molar mass = 16g

No. of moles = 900/16 =56.25 moles

This means that 56.25 moles are consumed by a person in 1 day

No. of moles of oxygen consumed in 1 week = 56.25 ×7 = 393.75 moles

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The poster and type written paper of water cycle use correct sentence structure, punctuation, grammar, and spelling.

Get the folder link and copy it by creating a new folder and putting all the documents in it. You can then go to the classroom select the link paste the folder link and submit. This is because online Classroom only allows you to upload videos that you own via a link or Drive.

There are two workarounds you can use. Have the original creator upload the video to the platform and share the platform link in your online Classroom assignment. Students can view the document edit the shared document, or edit individual copies of the document to work on the assignment. You can attach documents links, images videos, and add-ons to your work.

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Chemical element iodine has the atomic number 53 and the letter I in its symbol. The heaviest of the stable halogens, it melts under ordinary conditions and forms a semi-lustrous, non-metallic solid.

The chemical element sodium has the atomic number 11 and the symbol Na. It is a delicate, silvery-white metal that is exceedingly reactive. Due to its placement in group 1 of the periodic table, sodium is an alkali metal. 23Na is the only stable isotope of it. The free metal must be synthesized from compounds because it does not exist in nature.

Iodine and sodium metal react chemically to generate sodium iodide, an ionic molecule. It is a white, water-soluble solid made up of a 1:1 mixture of sodium cations and iodide anions in a crystal lattice under normal circumstances. It is mostly utilized in organic chemistry and as a dietary supplement.

mass/MW = 27.2 / 253.8 = 0.107 moles of I2 (mole of I2 = mass/MW).

1 mole I2 equals 2 moles NaI

NaI = 0.1071 x 2 = 0.2142 mol

NaI = 149.8

NaI produced at a rate of 149.8 x 0.2142 = 32.08g

In response, 32.08g of NaI

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