Lactose is not fermented, but a little quantity of glucose is; this causes the oxygen-deficient butt to appear yellow (keep in mind that more media means more glucose), whereas the acid on the slant is oxidized by the organism into carbon dioxide and water, causing the slant to appear red (alkaline or neutral pH).
Triple sugar iron test: what is it?When you see the name of this test, Triple Sugar Iron Agar, you must keep in mind that it is a test that contains iron as well as three sugars (Lactose, Sucrose, and Glucose), and it also contains agar as a solidifying agent (TSI is a semi-solid media having slant and butt).
Lactose, Sucrose, and Glucose are present in Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSI) in the proportions of 10:10:1 (i.e., 10 parts Lactose (1%), 10 parts Sucrose (1%) and 1 parts Glucose (0.1%)).
Triple Sugar Iron Agar Test Interpretation1) Lactose (or sucrose) fermentation results in the production of a significant amount of acid, which causes the phenol red indicator to turn yellow both in the butt and in the slant. Gases produced by some organisms cause bubbles and fissures to appear on the medium.
2) The oxygen-deficient butt will be yellow if lactose is not fermented but a tiny amount of glucose is (remember that butt has more glucose than slant, thus more media means more glucose), but on the slant the acid The organism will oxidize the (less acid as medium in slant is very little) to carbon dioxide and water, turning the slant red (alkaline or neutral pH).
3) The butt and the slant will both be crimson if neither lactose/sucrose nor glucose is fermented. The formation of ammonia from the oxidative deamination of amino acids might cause the slant to turn a deeper red-purple (more alkaline) (remember peoptone is a major constituent of TSI Agar).
4) The presence of ferrous sulfide, which is black, indicates the presence of H2S.
- Red/red: Nonfermentable glucose, lactose, and sucrose
- Red/yellow: Only fermentation of glucose
- Yellow/yellow: fermentor for glucose, lactose, and/or sucrose
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why do plants always start a food chain
Signal transduction
The figure below refers to signal transduction from a G protein-associated ligand.
1. Add an example ligand.
2. Identify what type of receiver is outlined in the image
3. Describe the processes between the different molecules
4. Describe the cellular response
When a relevant ligand activates a GPCR, the receptor undergoes a conformational change that allows the receptor to transmit the external signal into the cell.
What do you mean by receptor ?
Receptors are biological transducers that translate electrical impulses from both internal and exterior environments.
They can be dispersed, like those of the skin and viscera, or they can be massed together to create a sense organ, like the eye or ear.
The majority of cellular reactions to external stimuli are mediated by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).
When the receptor is activated by a ligand, it attaches to a heterotrimeric G protein partner and encourages the exchange of GTP for GDP, which causes the G protein to dissociate into the subunits and, which regulate downstream signals.
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If parents supplied different alleles for a certain trait to their offspring, which
of the following terms would be used to describe the offspring?
If parents supplied different alleles for a certain trait to their offspring, the offspring would be described as Heterozygous.
Contribution of alleleIn other instances, each parent contributes a unique allele of a certain gene, in which case the child is said to be heterozygous (the prefix hetero means “different”) for that allele.
Alleles result in phenotypes, which are either dominant or recessive physical manifestations of a trait.
What are the two types of traits that parents pass on to their children?Recessive and dominant genes. Dominant/recessive interactions are the most frequent type of allele-allele interaction.
When one (dominant) allele of a gene effectively outweighs the other (recessive) allele, the allele is said to be dominant. Blood types and eye color are two instances of dominant/recessive gene interactions.
What decides which alleles the parents’ offspring will inherit?All the kids will have the same genotype if the parent with the unknown genotype is homozygous dominant.
All of the offspring will have at least one dominant allele if the parent with the unknown genotype is homozygous dominant.
Half of the offspring will receive a recessive allele from both parents and will have the recessive phenotype if the parent with the unknown genotype is heterozygous.
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Complete Question
if parents supplied different alleles for a certain trait to their offspring which of the following terms would be used to describe the offspring
A. Recessive
B. Dominant
C. Homozygous
D. Heterozygous
How does virus and bacterial infections each affect healthy body cells?
The virus infections happens when a virus gets past the physical barriers of the body (skin, mucus, and so on) and infect a suitable cell, the virus take the genetic machinery of the host cell to replicate, damaging that cell and making more virus that will do the same process with other suitable cells. After the virus use all the cell potential, it will kill the cell and release all the virus that were in the cytoplasm of the host. While bacterial infections have more autonomy, being not necessary the integral machinery of the cell to multiply in the host body, it can act in differrebt ways, such as: crowd out the host tissue and disrupt the function, killing the cells or tissues outright, destroy the metabolic machinery, cause a massive toxic reaction in the immune system, and release toxins that can make the body stop all their functions at once (paralyze the metabolic and general system of the host).
In the diagram below, at which position of the sun will the observer have the longest shadow?
4
2
4
1
The observer will have the longest shadow of the sun at position 4 of the image.
Sun is a large mass of hot plasma which is nearest to the Earth. It is also the center of the entire solar system. Sun is actually a star similar to other stars except that it is present at the nearest and hence appears large. More than 99% of the solar system's mass is occupied by the sun.
Shadow is the dark area or structure formed upon a surface due to the presence of a body between the rays of light and a surface. The sun's rays also form shadow. The longest shadow due to sunrays is formed either during sunrise or sunset.
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Which characteristics do fish and amphibians have in common? Select all that apply.
They use gills at some point in their life cycle.
They use lungs at some point in their life cycle.
Their eggs are laid in water for reproduction.
Their bodies match the temperature of their environment.
Answer:
A C D
Explanation:
They use gills at some point in their life cycle.
Their eggs are laid in water for reproduction.
Their bodies match the temperature of their environment.
help Human Universal
list of traits, you will answer the following question with your own thoughts: Why might studying the similar behaviours of modern non-human primates such as the bonobo chimpanzee help us understand the connection between modern humans and our early ancestors?
We consider the behaviors of non-human primates such as the bonobo to assist us to get the association between cutting-edge people and our early precursors since we all have comparable behavior like the requirement for nourishment, communication, and emotions as well.
Whereas we misplaced most of our body hair and bulked up our brains, people are developmentally near to other incredible primates, with around 97 percent of our qualities DNA coordinating up.
Bonobos at the Leipzig Zoo were shot shaking their heads "no" in dissatisfaction in arrange to induce newborn children to stop playing with their nourishment (rather than eating it) or to keep a newborn child from straying.
In one occurrence, a mother recovered her child's bonobo from an endeavor to climb an adjacent tree. The ultimate endeavor finished with the mother pulling her newborn child by the leg and shaking her head whereas looking at the child.
"They ask for nourishment with an open hand (the way human poor people do within the road), have forceful motions that seem exceptionally human, stroke, and touch and embrace similar to people, and so the gestural collection looks greatly human to us."
Other primates are especially clever at our motions. "That's why gorilla connection is more frequent than human," de Waal said.
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which of the following compounds is organic?
H20
Nh3
NaCI
C6H12O6
Answer:
C6H12O6
Explanation:
That's glucose. Glucose is an organic compound.
Help me with this pls, is for today!!!
On each line, write the term from the word bank that correctly completes each sentence. Some terms may be used more than one.
Binomial Nomenclature - Cladogram - Dichotomous Key - Domains - Genus - Kingdoms - Scientific Name - Species - Systematics.
1- Based on similar structures, Linnaeus classified all organism into two ____
2- As more discoveries were made, Whittaker proposed classifying organism into five ___
3- The current system of classifying organisms uses molecular analysis and is called___
4- The current systems classifies organisms into three____ and six____
5- Scientists still use Linnaeus’s naming system called ____ to give each species a name
6- Ursus arctos is the ______ for a brown bear
7- Ursus is the brown bear’s ____
8- The word arctos is the brown bear’s ______ name
9- A ____ is a series of questions that helps you identify an unknown organism
10- A branched diagram called a ____ can help you understand the relationships among organisms
Answer:
1. kingdoms
2.kingdoms
3. taxonomic nomenclature
4. three domains 6 kingdoms
5. taxonomy
6. scientific name
7. genus
8. species
9.
Description of carbohydrates and what is it purpose and importance
Carbohydrates are essential molecules whose main importance is being a source of energy for the organism. Carbohydrates are also components of the cell membrane.
What are carbohydrates?
Carbohydrates are essential molecules for life as they are the main source of energy necessary for organisms. They are also part of the cell membrane when binding to lipids and proteins and composing glycolipids and glicoproteins.
Carbohydrates are hydrophilic substances soluble in water and alcohol. Their -OH groups are responsible for that solubility.
Carbohydrates are present as small or large molecules.
• Small molecules ⇒ sugars ⇒ monosaccharide and disaccharide
• Large molecules ⇒ polysaccharide
Glucose is the principal carbohydrate cells use to accomplish their vital functions.
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What is half life?
1. the amount of time it takes for half of an atom's electrons to decay
2. the amount of time it takes for some of a radioactive substance to decay
3. the amount of time it takes for half of a radioactive substance to decay
4. the amount of time it takes for all of a radioactive substance to decay
Answer:c
Explanation:
The hydrophobic tails of phospholipids keep water from passing directly through the cell membrane. How might this be beneficial for the maintenance of homeostasis in a cell?.
The hydrophobic tails of phospholipids are beneficial for the maintenance of homeostasis in a cell because they help to maintain the correct amount of water.
In the field of biology, homeostasis can be described as the ability of an organism to keep its internal environment stable in order for the proper functioning of the organism.
The cell membrane of a cell is made up of hydrophobic tails that do not allow water to pass directly into the cell. By doing so, the cell membrane helps in maintaining a steady environment for the proper working of a cell.
Water is allowed to move in or out only when required due to these hydrophobic tails. In this way, the hydrophobic tails help in maintaining homeostasis by not allowing extra water to move in or out.
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For certain breeds of cattle, a bull with solid red fur and a cow with solid white fur will make a roan calf that has both red and white hairs in its coat. What is this genetic inheritance pattern?.
The genetic inheritance pattern is Codominance.
What is Codominance?
Co-dominance can be said to be a genetic scenario whereby the alleles of a gene are neither dominant nor recessive over one another, hence, they are both simultaneously expressed in the hybrid phenotype. It is one of thee non-mendelian inheritance.
In this case, involving a gene coding for fur colour in the cattle. One of the alleles code for red hair while the other allele for white hairs. Both alleles can be said to be co-dominant because no one is dominant over the other, hence, they produce an hybrid phenotype called Roan where both red and hair phenotypes are seen/expressed.
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45. in autumn, many birds and animals hide food so that they can have enough during the winter. they must remember the exact locations of these cases. they have an enlarged brain region associated with memory, which is known as
The enlarged brain region associated with memory in many birds and animals is known as the pre-frontal lobe.
We can define the pre-frontal lobe as the part of the brain that is involved in higher cognitive functions as well as the generation of memory. Thoughts as well as the generation of actions takes place through the pre-frontal lobe.
Animals and birds who have an enlarged brains have the pre-frontal lobe situated in the front. The pre-frontal lobe helps the animals and birds to remember exactly where they hid their food so that they can visit those places in the winter and have enough food. The pre-frontal lobe also helps animals and birds in remembering the places of threat.
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A scientists creates a data table and records the mass of lizards on an island. This is an example of
If a scientist creates a data table and records the mass of lizards on an island, then it represents an example of an observational study.
What are observational studies?Observational studies are scientific investigations based on collecting data from nature, which can be used to raise questions and test hypotheses. Conversely, the experimentation studies are based on the obtention of data from experiments that are used to test (either confirm or reject) our working hypothesis.
Therefore, we can conclude that observational studies are based on collecting data in nature, which is distinct from experimentation studies that involve to test hypotheses under controlled conditions.
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Microscopic particles of ash and dust in the air that can cause health problems are called p_____
Do bumblebees have babies , divide, or uses it’s seeds ?
Answer:
Bumblebees give birth
Explanation:
bumblebees do not reproduce asexually nor do they have seeds.
Why does the temperature on the moon differ so much between night
and day?
A-Very little atmosphere
B-It Spins really fast
C-No gravity
D-Weathering and Erosion
the electron transport chain is very similar in function for both photosynthesis and cellular respiration, with a few differences in what donates electrons and what is the final electron acceptor. in photosynthesis water is the electron donor, which then produces carbon dioxide in respiration carbon dioxide is the electron donor, which the produces oxygen in photosynthesis nadp is the electron acceptor, which produces nadph in respiration oxygen is the electron acceptor, which produces
The electron transport chain, commonly referred to as the oxidative phosphorylation process, is made up of four protein complexes that work together to combine redox events to create an electrochemical gradient that leads to the synthesis of ATP.
In mitochondria, both cellular respiration and photosynthesis take occur. When organic molecules break down in the former, electron transport chain (ETC), energy and electrons are also released. In the latter, the electrons join the chain after being triggered by light, and the energy released is used to produce carbohydrates. A sequence of proteins that the electrons in the electron transport chain (ETC) move through raises its reduction potential, causing an energy release. Pumping hydrogen ions (H+) creates a proton gradient, which increases the acidity in the intermembrane gap by creating an electrical difference with a positive charge outside and a negative charge within.
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20. Explain how the transfer of energy can be tracked as energy flows through a natural system. In other words, why are photosynthesis and cellular respiration together called “the energy cycle”?
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are together called “the energy cycle” because the vast amount of biomass on Earth is sustained by these metabolic pathways and they are interrelated processes.
What are photosynthesis and cellular respiration?Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are two metabolic pathways that play fundamental roles to sustain life on the Earth.
Photosynthesis is a series of metabolic reactions through which plants and also algae generate biomass in the form of simple carbohydrates such as glucose, which is achieved using sunlight and carbon dioxide generated through cellular respiration.
Moreover, cellular respiration generates energy in aerobic organisms which requires the use of oxygen as a reactant obtained by the mechanism of Photosynthesis.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that photosynthesis and cellular respiration are fundamental processes to sustain life on the earth's planet and they are interrelated because the products of photosynthesis are used as reactants in cellular respiration.
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Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere absorb infrared radiation from earth’s surface and re-radiate some of it back to earth. Which of these gases have the most significant impact on the temperature of earth’s atmosphere?.
Carbon dioxide has the most significant impact on the temperature of the earth’s atmosphere.
CO2 is a greenhouse gas and is essential for the existence of life on Earth. It traps the heat and warms up the inside of the atmosphere of Earth.
However, the temperature of Earth drastically changes when the level of CO2 in the atmosphere increase. As the level of carbon dioxide increases, it blocks the energy re-emitted earth back to space. This energy does not leave the atmosphere and hence the average temperature of the earth starts to increase.
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the german physician paracelsus could have used the incident near lake nyos, cameroon, in 1986 as an example for the principle named after him. this is because
The german physician paracelsus could have used the incident near lake nyos, Cameroon, in 1986 as an example for the principle named after him, This is because of the incident of carbon dioxide gas, normally harmless to humans in low doses, was abundant enough at Nyos to kill 1,700 people.
In August 1986, a gigantic volume of carbon dioxide belched forth from Lake Nyos in Cameroon and swept down the adjacent valleys asphyxiating 1,700 people. Lake Nyos is a lake in the Northwest Region of Cameroon. In 1986, Lake Nyos suddenly emitted a large cloud of carbon dioxide due to a landslide. As a result, 3,500 livestock in nearby towns and villages were also killed.
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The corolla of a morning glory forms a shape called
Answer:
Explanation:
The collection of all the petals of a flower is known as the corolla. It can be of different shapes like clawed, fimbriate, laciniate, spurred, and saccate. They can be irregular or regular.
Explain one of the cycles: water, oxygen, carbon, or nitrogen. ( include at least 3 exchanges within the cycle) .
Answer:
water cycle is the movement of water from the atmosphere to the earth and from the earth to the atmosphere.
water cycle is need for balance.
how water gets to earth: rainfall or precipitation
how water leaves the earth: evaporation, transpiration
What is the correct term for an instance in which the expression of an allele of a gene completely masks the expression of another gene?.
Epistasis is the correct term in which the expression of an allele of a gene completely masks the expression of another gene.
Whether they sort independently or not, genes interact at the level of gene products such that the expression of an allele for one gene masks the expression of an allele for a different gene. This process is epistasis.
Complete dominance is a form of dominance in the heterozygous condition where the allele that is dominant masks the effect of the allele that is recessive. For example, for an individual carrying two alleles that are dominant, trait that they represent will be expressed.
The masked allele is recessive and the allele that expresses itself is dominant. In the presence of a dominant allele, recessive character cannot be masked. When a recessive allele is double, only the recessive character is expressed.
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8) a general rule relating the capacity of a specific animal's digestive system to provide adequate access to substrates for biosynthesis of cellular components, as well as fuel molecules needed for atp production, is that the animal should have access to
A general rule relating to the capacity of a specific animal's digestive system to provide adequate access to substrates for the biosynthesis of cellular components is that D) the diet matches the "food pyramid" for the species.
In the field of biology, a food pyramid determines the optimal levels of a particular serving that an organism needs to eat in order to fulfill the required nutrition level.
It is only when the diet matches the food pyramid that an animal's digestive system will be able to provide substrates that are required for the biosynthesis of cellular components. These substrates are derived from the energy of the food.
When the diet matched the food pyramid, then there will be the required nutrition available needed for the production of ATP molecules.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
A general rule relating the capacity of a specific animal's digestive system to provide adequate access to substrates for biosynthesis of cellular components, as well as fuel molecules needed for ATP production, is that the animal should have access to
A) a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet.
B) a diet low in lipids and high in protein.
C) a low-calorie diet with a large intake of fluids, especially water.
D) a diet that matches the "food pyramid" for the species.
E) a diet that maximizes vitamins and minerals.
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10- Which of the following substances the nitrogen element enters in its structure ?
A-Glycogen
B- Galactose
C- Thyroxine
D-Glucose
In thyroxine the nitrogen element enters in its structure.
How our body makes glucose?
It primarily originates from foods high in carbs, such as fruit, bread, and potatoes. Food moves from your mouth to your stomach via your oesophagus while you eat. It is reduced to tiny fragments by acids and enzymes there. This causes the release of glucose.
It enters your intestines to be absorbed there. It then enters your bloodstream from there. Once in the circulation, insulin aids in the delivery of glucose to your cells.
Thyroxine, a hormone produced by the thyroid gland, regulates this metabolic rate, ensuring that the body is operating at the proper rate. Tetraiodothyronine is its full name, and its chemical formula is C15H11NO4I4.
Hence the correct option is C; thyroxine.
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Several changes occur within the body during stressful situations. For example, pupils become more dilated, heart rate and breathing rate increase, and appetite decreases. These changes are controlled by
Answer
The autonomic nervous system
A solution that has a higher concentration inside the cell than outside and allows water to move into the cell is best described as a _____ solution.
A solution that has a higher concentration inside the cell than outside and allows water to move into the cell is best described as a hypertonic solution.
What occurs when the amount of water within the cell is higher than the amount outside the cell?Water cannot enter or leave a cell if the % concentration within and outside is the same. Water will flow into a cell if the fluid within has a higher percent concentration than the fluid outside.
In comparison to blood, hypotonic contains a lower concentration of fluid, carbohydrates, and salt. Blood is not hypertonic, which contains a greater quantity of liquids, carbohydrates, and salt. Similar amounts of fluid, sugar, and salt are present in isotonic solution as in blood.
Most frequently, isotonic solutions are used as a relaxing wash to remove extra mucus, dust, and allergens from the sinuses on a regular basis to maintain clean, healthy sinuses.
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Which of the cells characterized in the chart above is a plant cell?
Answer:
cell A
Explanation:
because only plant cells have chloroplast