A standard electrode potential is required in order to determine the reduction potential of a half-unique cell. The standard hydrogen electrode is used as a reference electrode for the measurement
What is the half cell's typical electrode potential?A standard electrode potential is required in order to determine the reduction potential of a half-unique cell. The standard hydrogen electrode is used as a reference electrode for the measurement (abbreviated to SHE). SHE has an electrode potential of zero volts.
How can the anode and cathode be determined from the reduction potential?By deducting the standard reduction potential for the reaction occurring at the cathode from the standard reduction potential for the reaction occurring at the anode, the standard reduction potential can be computed. Because oxidation is the polar opposite of reduction, the minus sign is required.
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Avogadro's number is the number of
Avogadro's number is number of elementary entities (atoms or molecules) comprising one mole of a given substance.
What is the Avogadro's number?Avogadro's number is the number of atoms present in 12 grams of isotopically pure carbon-12, being 6.02214076 × 10²³.
It is the number of elementary entities (atoms or molecules) comprising one mole of a given substance.
The units may be electrons, atoms, ions, or molecules, depending on the nature of the substance and the character of the reaction.
Therefore, it can be simply said that Avogadro's number is the number of units in one mole of a substance.
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Fill in the blank.
7.95×10^7 = [?]×10^6
Answer: 79.5
Explanation: Every positive exponent moves the decimal one place to the right. So if you are multiplying by one less decimal to get the same answer your starting number would have to be one place greater to the right.
If your exponents are negative numbers the decimal moves one place per each number to the left. You'll learn that later. Math is a blast! Enjoy it!
describe how to use Le Chateliers principle to predict the possible ways a chemical system can respond to changes
According to Le Châtelier's principle, if a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the equilibrium position will move to compensate for the change and restore the equilibrium.
What is meant by Le Chatelier's Principle?Le Chatelier's Principle states that "a system at equilibrium will modify itself in such a way to minimize the effect of that change made in it" when external stress is applied by changing concentration, pressure, or temperature.
Change in Concentration:
A + B ⇆ C
In order to counteract the impact of the additional reactant added, the equilibrium will shift forward and produce more product when the concentration of reactants (A or B) is increased. Or it will react in the opposite way if product (C) is added.
Change in Pressure:
A + B ⇆ C
Because there is a decrease in volume at the product side, if pressure is applied to this equilibrium, the equilibrium will shift in the direction of forwarding motion (1 mole as compared to reactants which are 2 moles). If the pressure drops, the opposite situation will be seen.
Change in Temperature:
A + B ⇆ C + Heat
The heat produced in this exothermic reaction (heat is evolved) is on the product side. The equilibrium will shift in the opposite direction as the temperature rises. A drop in temperature will cause the equilibrium to move forward.
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The rate constant for this first‑order reaction is 0.0960 s−1
at 400 ∘C.
A⟶products
After how many seconds will 11.6%
of the reactant remain?
The time taken for 11.6% of the products to remain is 22.4 s.
What is the rate of reaction?The rate of reaction is the rate at which the reactants are depleted from the system or the rate at which the products appear in the system. Now we have a first order reaction. Recall that the formula of the first order reaction is written as;
ln[A] = -kt + ln[A]o
ln[A] = concertation at time t
t = time taken
k = rate constant
[A]o = initial concentration
Given that;
[A] = 0.116[A]o and k = 0.0960 s−1
Then;
ln0.116[A]o = -0.0960t + ln[A]o
0.0960t = ln[A]o - ln0.116[A]o
0.0960t = ln([A]o/0.116[A]o)
0.0960t = ln(1/0.116)
0.0960t = 2.154
t = 2.154/0.0960
t = 22.4 s
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Can water stay liquid below zero degrees Celsius?
Water cannot stay liquid below zero degree Celsius (0°C) because it freezes at 0°C.
What is freezing point?Freezing point is the temperature at which a liquid freezes, and the solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium.
Different liquids have different freezing points. Water as a liquid has a freezing point of 0 °C. This means that water in a liquid state will begin to turn solid (ice) at that temperature.
For example;
Ethanol has a freezing point of -114.1 °CMercury has a freezing point of -38.83 °CIn accordance with this question, water cannot stay liquid below a temperature of 0°C because it has a freezing point of 0°C.
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What is the mass of 7.10 moles of magnesium chloride, MgCl₂?
Answer:
675.99 g
Explanation:
1 mole of MgCl2 = 24.31 + 2(35.45) = 95.21 g
so mass of 7.10 moles = 7.10 x 95.21 = 675.991 g or 675.99 g
Please help I don’t get this
The molar mass of a chemical compound is defined as the mass of the sample divided by the quantity, or number of moles, in the sample, measured in moles. The total grams of Nacl needed to get 0.241 moles exists 14.084 g.
What is meant by Molar mass?The molar mass of a chemical compound is determined by dividing its mass by the quantity of that compound, expressed as the number of moles in the sample, measured in moles. The molar mass of a substance is a bulk attribute rather than a molecular one.
The molar mass of a chemical compound is defined as the mass of the sample divided by the quantity, or number of moles, in the sample, measured in moles.
Molar mass of Nacl = 58.44g
Total grams of Nacl needed to get 0.241 moles = moles number × molar mass
= 0.241 × 58.44
= 14.084 g
Therefore, the total grams of Nacl needed to get 0.241 moles exists 14.084 g.
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If you dissolved 54 grams of ammonia in 100 grams of water at 400C would it be considered saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated? Why?
How many grams of copper(II)sulfate would dissolve in 200g of water at 3○C?
How many grams of ammonia could be dissolved in 50g of water at 150C?
We have the responses as;
1) The solution is unsaturated
2) The solubility is 30 g of copper(II)sulfate
3) The solubility is 100g of ammonia
What is solubility?The term solubility has to do with the amount of solute that can dissolve in solution at a given temperature. Let us recall that a solution is composed of a solute and a solvent. The solvent is the medium wherein the solute is dissolved.
1) Given the fact that the solubility of ammonia in water at 40 degrees Celsius is actually about 300 g/L t the follows that If you dissolved 54 grams of ammonia in 100 grams of water at tat temperature, the solution is regarded as unsaturated.
2) if about 15 g of copper(II)sulfate dissolves in 100 g of water at 3○C
x would dissolve in 200 g of water
x = 15 g * 200 g / 100 g
x = 30 g of copper(II)sulfate
3) About 100g of ammonia could be dissolved in 50g of water at 150C.
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In the reaction of magnesium nitrate (aq) and sodium hydroxide (aq), the spectator ions are:
Answer:Magnesium nitrate will react with sodium hydroxide to form magnesium hydroxide and sodium nitrate.
Explanation:
24. Which of the following is an example of homozygous pure recessive?
A. TT
B. tt
C. Tt
D. Tall
TT is an example of homozygous pure recessive.
An homozygous trait is what?When the gene pairs (sometimes referred to as alleles) that regulate a trait's development are identical, the trait is said to be homozygous. Being heterozygous for a trait means having multiple alleles for that trait. A homozygous trait will always show itself in the same way.
Is TT homozygous and recessive?An organism could be homozygous dominant (TT) or homozygous recessive (RR) ( tt ). When an organism has two separate alleles (Tt) for the same gene, it is said to be heterozygous (hetero- means different).
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Elizabeth is going to use an electrostatic dust print lifter at a crime scene. What is MOST likely TRUE about her evidence?
A.
It is an impression that is not very deep.
B.
It is buried deep in a carpet on the ground.
C.
It will take up to 24 hours to capture it.
D.
It is a large object that cannot be taken to a lab.
Elizabeth using an electrostatic dust print lifter at a crime scene means her evidence is most likely an impression that is not very deep and is denoted as option A.
What is Evidence?
These refers to the information and happenings which help to prove that something is true and is used in investigations so as to ensure that the culprit is caught.
The electrostatic dust print lifter employs the use of electrostatic adhesion turned on which attracts dust to it and for such to occur, then it means the impression is not very deep which is why it was chosen as the correct choice.
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Answer: A
Explanation:
In the following acid-base reaction,H₂PO₄⁻ is theH₂PO₄⁻ (aq) + NH₃ (aq) ---> HPO₄²⁻ (aq) + NH₄⁺ (aq)a) conjugate acidb) acidc) base
Explanation:
H₂PO₄⁻ (aq) + NH₃ (aq) ---> HPO₄²⁻ (aq) + NH₄⁺ (aq)
acid base conjugate base conjugate acid
H₂PO₄⁻ is donating a proton to NH₃. So H₂PO₄⁻ is acting like an acid, and NH₃ is acting as the base. Then, HPO₄²⁻ is the conjugate base of H₂PO₄⁻ and NH₄⁺ is the conjugate acid of NH₃.
Answer: b) acid
How many grams of Fe2O3 can form from 22.4g of O2
74.5 gram of Fe₂O₃ is formed from 22.4 g of O2
The balanced equation of the reaction is
4 Fe + 3 O₂ → 2 Fe₂O₃
4 moles of Fe and 3 moles of O₂ gives 2 moles of Fe₂O₃
Number of moles in 22.4g of O₂ = Given mass / molar mass [Molar mass of O₂ = 32]
= 22.4 / 32
= 0.7 moles
We know that, 3 moles of oxygen form 2 moles of Fe₂O₃
0.7 moles of O₂ form [(2/3) * 0.7] = 0.47 moles of Fe₂O₃
Thus, mass of Fe₂O₃ = number of moles * molar mass [Molar mass of Fe₂O₃ = 159.69]
= 0.47 * 159.69
= 74.5 grams of Fe₂O₃
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Identify the reactants and products,explain what the (aq) and (s) represent in the reaction in the washing machine
In a chemical reaction, usually, we have something very standard, whatever is on the left side of the arrow will be Reactant, and whatever comes after the arrow will be product, so for this reaction:
Na2CO3 (aq) + MgSO4 (aq) -> Na2SO4 (aq) + MgCO3 (s)
The reactants will be: Na2CO3 and MgSO4
The products will be: Na2SO4 and MgCO3
The aq or s representation means the physical state in which the compound will be found in water, if it is aq, this means that the compound will dissolve in water and it will be found in an aqueous state. If the letter is s, therefore the compound will be a solid in water, forming a precipitate.
Since we have a double change in the positions of the elements, this will be called a Double Displacement reaction, in which we have:
AB + CD -> AC + BD
Gannymeade is the largest satellite (moon) in the Solar System, larger than the planet Mercury. Why is Gannymeade classified as a satellite instead of a planet?
Please help.
Ganymede is the largest satellite (moon) in the Solar System, larger than the planet Mercury. Ganymede is classified as a satellite instead of a planet as it orbits a planet, and not the Sun.
One has to directly orbit a star to be a planet, and Ganymede orbits a planet, Jupiter, therefore, it is not a planet but a satellite. Ganymede is a satellite as it has an irregular shaped orbit. Ganymede rotates at a faster speed than Mercury and it is composed of ice at the uppermost layer and beneath that is rock. Ganymede takes about seven Earth-days to orbit the planet Jupiter.Ganymede has a lower density even though it is larger in size. It is larger than the planet Mercury.To learn more about satellites,
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List four types of observations that indicate when a chemical change has occurred.
Four types of observations that indicates occurring of a chemical change are -
Change in ColorExothermic reaction - Large amount of heat is given offPrecipitation reaction - Precipitate is formedRelease of gas - Gas is given off when chemical change occursWhen a chemical change occurs, color of the product is changed. Chemical change is an irreversible change. It cannot be undone as physical change.
A chemical change is an exothermic reaction. A large amount of heat is released when a chemical change occur. As the product formed in a chemical change is changed in its state, color, etc. which requires a large amount of heat.
Precipitate formation occurs in a chemical change as chemical change occurs in aqueous solution where two ionic bonds combine and forms insoluble salt called precipitate.
A chemical reaction releases off a gas. An example is reaction of baking soda and lemon juice. It releases carbon dioxide gas.
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I need help with this homework assignment problem
The chemical symbol for the ion will be [tex]Ar^2^+[/tex]
The ion has a total of 16 electrons
The ion has a total of zero 3d electrons
Electron configurationsThe atom in question is a cation with a charge of +2.
The electron configuration goes thus: [tex]1s^2, 2s^2, 2p^6, 3s^2, 3p^4[/tex]
The total number of electrons of the ion of the atom can be calculated as:
2+2+6++2+4 = 16
With a charge of +2, it means two electrons have been lost. The total number of electrons in the atom would be:
16 + 2 = 18.
The symbol of an atom of a neutral element with 18 electrons is Ar. A neutral atom will have an equal number of protons and electrons. The number of protons in an atom is equivalent to the atomic number.
Thus, the atom is Argon with the symbol Ar.
The chemical symbol for the ion would, therefore, be [tex]Ar^2^+[/tex]
From the electron configuration, the ion has no 3d electrons. In other words, there are zero 3d electrons in the ion.
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Convert
21 miles/hr to cm/s
Show two digits after decimal.
By converting 21 miles/hr to centimeter we get :
938.784 cm/s
Explanation:Miles per hour is a unit of speed that expresses the distance traveled in miles in one hour. The mile per hour is a customary and imperial unit of speed in the United States. Miles per hour is commonly abbreviated as mph, but it is also abbreviated as mi/h or MPH. 1 mile per hour, for example, can be written as 1 mph, 1 mi/h, or 1 MPH.The following formula can be used to calculate miles per hour:
dmi /thr = vmph
Distance in miles divided by time in hours equals velocity in miles per hour.Steps to convert miles per hour to cm :
Multiply the speed by the conversion ratio to convert a mile per hour measurement to a centimeter per second measurement.Because one mile per hour equals 44.704 centimeters per second, you can convert using this simple formula:44.704 centimeters per second = miles per hourThe speed in centimeters per second is calculated by multiplying the miles per hour by 44.704.To convert 21 miles/hr to cm/s:
21 mph =
= (21 × 44.704)
= 938.784cm/s
21mph is 938.784cm/s
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What is the phase of water at 0.25 atm and 0°C?A. SolidB. GasC. Solid and liquidD. Solid and gas
Answer:
A. Solid
Explanation:
We must look for the pressure of 0.25atm on the vertical axis, and the temperature of 0°C on the horizontal axis, like we can see in the following drawing:
Finally, the phase of water is solid.
Question 10 of 40
At equilibrium, a reaction vessel contains 4.50 atm of Br2 and 1.10 atm
of NBr3. According to the reaction: 2 NBr3 (g) = N2 (g) + 3 Br₂ (g) Kp = 4.8
Determine the equilibrium partial pressure of N2.
The equilibrium partial pressure of Nitrogen would be 0.0638 atm when a reaction vessel contains 4.5 atm of Br2 and 1.1 atm of NBr3.
What is equilibrium and equilibrium partial pressure and how it comes out to be 0.0638 atm for Nitrogen?As always studied in earlier classes equilibrium is a state of equality between the reactant and product .Equilibrium is a condition where the rate of formation of reactant is equal to the rate of formation of product.Partial pressure is the pressure exerted by individual molecule of the container contained gas.The total pressure is the total pressure exerted by total molecules of the container.Here Kp= P N2 x( P Br 2 )^3/ p ( NBr3) ^2, 4.8 = ( PN2) (4.50)^3/(1.10)^2 , 5.8.8 = 91.125 ( PN2) = 0.0638 atm.To know more about equilibrium pressure visit:
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Investigating Energy Systems
Harnessing Human Energy Chapter 1 Lesson 1.2
Reasoning Tool
Possible subclaims:
The Battery System does have energy.
or
The Battery System does not have energy.
The Hand-Crank Generator System does have energy.
or
The Hand-Crank Generator System does not have energy.
The Solar Cell System does have energy.
or
The Solar Cell System does not have energy.
Evidence
(observations about whether the system does or does not have energy)
This matters because . . .
(How does this evidence support the subclaim?)
Therefore, . . .
(subclaim)
The Possible sub-claim in relation to Investigating Energy Systems is the Solar Cell System does have energy.
Evidence is that -
As the sun shines on a solar panel, energy is captured by the Photovoltaic cells on the panel. This is significant as it generates electrical charges which causes the flow of electricity.
These are accelerated by shifting an internal electrical field within the cell. Therefore, a solar cell system is one that has amount of energy.
A solar cell is also known as a photovoltaic cell. It is an electrical device which uses a natural physical and chemical phenomenon, a photovoltaic effect to convert light energy directly into the electricity.
Solar cells are known as photovoltaic cells. These PV cells converts sunlight directly into electricity. Solar cells produces electricity in remote locations which allows machines to be powered very far from the nearest electrical outlet. Solar cells are reliable and low-maintenance source of renewable energy.
Therefore, A PV cell can reflect and absorb, or pass via light that strikes it. The semiconductor material in PV cell conducts electricity better than an insulator.
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Sergeant Jeffers likes to use a photo array when he is conducting an investigation. Because of this, what is he MOST likely to do in his current case?
A.
He uses a 35mm camera, a digital camera, and a video camera at the scene.
B.
He takes photos of every piece of evidence before it is sent to the lab.
C.
He has a sketch artist draw the subject based on descriptions.
D.
He asks eyewitnesses to pick out the subject from many options.
He takes photos of every piece of evidence before it is sent to the lab is what Sergeant Jeffers who likes photo array will do in this case and is denoted as option B.
What is Investigation?This is defined as the process in which something is examined and it is usually accompanied with thorough search for facts so as to get accurate and meaningful results.
The use of photo arrays for investigation means that photos of every piece of evidence is taken which is worked on by the professional through series of techniques so as to catch the culprit and ensure justice is served.
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What does it mean it for a solution to be supersaturated?
O A. The maximum amount of solute has been dissolved.
O B. More solute can still be dissolved in the solvent.
O C. More solute has dissolved than should be possible.
D. The dissolving speed was increased thtough heating.
A solution to be supersaturated means more solute can still be dissolved in the solvent.
What does a solution being supersaturated mean?A solution is said to be supersaturated if it contains more solute than can effectively dissolve at a certain temperature. The injection of a tiny crystal of solute, known as a seed crystal, can start the recrystallization of the excess dissolved solute in a supersaturated solution.
What does saturated vs supersaturated mean?A saturated solution is one that has dissolved the most solute possible at the temperature specified. A supersaturated solution is one that contains more solute than is necessary to reach saturation.
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Calculate the mass of water produced if 12.1 g of ethanol (C2H6O) undergoes the reaction below:
C2H6O (l) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + H2O (l)
The mass of water produced if 12.1 g of ethanol (C₂H₆O) undergoes the reaction is 14.2 g.
Ethanol is a natural compound. it is simple alcohol with the chemical components C₂H₆O. Its formula may be also written as CH₃−CH₂−OH or C₂H₅OH. Ethanol is a risky, flammable, colorless liquid with a characteristic wine-like odor and smelly taste.
Ethanol is used in the manufacture of medication, plastics, lacquers, polishes, plasticizers, and cosmetics. Ethanol is used in medicine as a topical antiinfective, and as an antidote for ethylene glycol or methanol overdose.
Balancing the reaction,
C₂H₆O (l) + 3O₂ (g) → 2CO₂ (g) + 3H₂O (l)
Mass of ethanol given = 12.1g
the molar mass of ethanol = 46 g
Therefore given mole = 46/12.1
= 3.80 mole.
1 mole of ethanol = 3 moles of H₂O
∵ 46 g of ethanol = 54g of water
∴ 12.1 g of ethanol = 54g / 46 g × 12.1 g
= 14.2 g of ethanol produced.
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A sample of gas has a volume of 2.50 L at 536 kPa and 75.0 °C. What is the pressure (in atm) of the gas if it expands to 3.75 L at 25.0 °C?
Answer:
P₂ = 1.18 atm
Explanation:
To find the final pressure, you need to use the Combined Gas Law equation:
[tex]\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} =\frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}[/tex]
In this equation, "P₁", "V₁", and "T₁" represent the initial pressure, volume, and temperature. "P₂", "V₂", and "T₂" represent the final pressure, volume, and temperature. After plugging the given variables into the equation, you can simplify/rearrange the equation to solve for "P₂".
P₁ = 536 pKa P₂ = ? pKa
V₁ = 2.50 L V₂ = 3.75 L
T₁ = 75.0 °C T₂ = 25.0 °C
[tex]\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} =\frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}[/tex] <----- Combined Gas Law
[tex]\frac{(536 pKa)(2.50L)}{75.0^oC} =\frac{P_2(3.75 L)}{25.0^oC}[/tex] <----- Insert variables
[tex]17.87 =\frac{P_2(3.75 L)}{25.0^oC}[/tex] <----- Simplify left side
[tex]446.7 = P_2(3.75 L)[/tex] <----- Multiply both sides by 25.0
[tex]119 = P_2[/tex] <----- Divide both sides by 3.75
Finally, you need to convert the pressure from kilopascals (pKa) to atmospheres (atm).
101.3 pKa = 1 atm
119 pKa 1 atm
--------------- x -------------------- = 1.18 atm
101.3 pKa
Ideal gas law is valid only for ideal gas not for vanderwaal gas. Combined Boyle's and Charles' gas law is used here. Therefore the new pressure of gas is 1.18 atm.
What is ideal gas equation?Ideal gas equation is the mathematical expression that relates pressure volume and temperature.
Mathematically the relation between Pressure, volume and temperature can be given as
PV=nRT
where,
P = pressure of gas
V= volume of gas
n =number of moles of gas
T =temperature of gas
R = Gas constant = 0.0821 L.atm/K.mol
Combining Boyle's and Charles' gas law
P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂
{ (5.28atm) (2.50 L)} ÷348 K ={ (P2) (3.75 L)} ÷298 K
P2 =1.18 atm
Therefore the new pressure of gas is 1.18 atm when the temperature is changed to348K and volume is increased to 3.75 L.
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5.85 gram of sodium chloride (NaCl) is dissolved in 250ml solution. Calculate The mass percentage of the solute?
According to the given statement The mass percentage of the solute is 2.2%.
What does mass percentage mean?As a mass percentage, an element's quantity in a compound or component of a combination can be expressed. The mass percentage is calculated by multiplying this result by 100% after dividing the comparable higher by the masses of each component.
What purposes does mass percentage function?When the mass of a solute and the mass of a solution are known, the concentration of a solution is expressed as a mass percent.
Briefing:A mass percentage is calculated by multiplying the ratio of the solute's mass to the total mass by 100.
5.85/250+5.85*100
=2.2 %
The mass percentage of the solute is 2.2%.
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(02.03 LC)
Which physical evidence supports the evolution of Earth due to deposition?
Concave shape of Wave Rock is the physical evidence that supports the evolution of Earth due to deposition.
Concave shape of Wave RockThe concave shape of Wave Rock is nice physical evidence of deposition in the Earth's evolution. It is a 2.7-billion-year-old land structure that served as the foundation for the formation of the Australian continent.
What is Wave Rock?A naturally occurring rock formation that resembles a tall, breaking ocean wave is called Wave Rock. The "wave" is roughly 110 m (360 ft) long and 15 m (49 ft) tall. It makes up the north side of the isolated hill known as "Hyden Rock."
Since Wave Rock is made of much tougher material from its surroundings, the weathering lowered the surrounding terrain while the bedrock remained to serve as a witness for the past.
The structure of Wave Rock was created by the weathering of the surrounding area, and this is exactly what proves the deposition part. Wave Rock was below the ground because of the deposition of the material around it over time.
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Complete Question
Which physical evidence supports the evolution of Earth due to deposition?
A) Red color of Thor's Hammer
B) Concave shape of Wave Rock
C) Streaks on the face of Wave Rock
D) Broader tip than base of Thor's Hammer
1. What is the [H3O+] of 0.145M HNO2 ? Assume that the Ka=7.2x10^−4 at 25 ∘C .
Express your answer using two significant figures.
2. What is the pH of 0.145M HNO2 ?
Express your answer using two decimal places.
The concentration of the oxonim ion is 0.0099 M while the pH of the solution is 2.
What is the Ka?The term Ka means the acid dissociation constant. This speaks of the extent to which the acid is able to become dissociated in water. We know that is an acid is able to dissociate completely in water then the acid is a strong acid. However, if the acid is not able to dissociate complete in solution then the acid is a weak acid.
We can now set up the ICE table as we would show below;
HNO2(aq) + H2O (l) ⇔ H3O^+(aq) + NO2^-(aq)
I 0.145 0 0
C -x +x +x
E 0.145 - x x x
Ka = 7.2x10^−4
Ka = [H3O^+] [NO2^-]/[ HNO2]
7.2x10^−4 = x^2/0.145 - x
7.2x10^−4(0.145 - x) = x^2
1.044 * 10^-4 - 7.2x10^−4x = x^2
x^2 + 7.2 * 10^-4x - 1.044 * 10^-4 = 0
x=0.0099 M
Then we know that [H3O^+] = [NO2^-]
Thus;
pH = - log( [H3O^+])
pH = - log(0.0099 M)
pH = 2
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Why do gas particles spread out and occupy (take up) as much space as possible? (Why does it make sense that their volume can increase or decrease based on the size of their container?)
Gas particles have not definite volume, so they spread out and occupy much space as possible.
There's a great deal of empty space between particles, that have plenty of kinetic energy and are not particularly interested in each other. Gas particles circulate very fast and collide with one another, causing them to diffuse, or spread out until they're evenly distributed all through the quantity of the container.
A gas is depend that has neither a hard and fast extent nor a set form. rather, a gas takes each the quantity and the form of its container. It spreads out to take up all to be had area.
They don't have any precise volume. This means that gases always spread out in all instructions to fill the field into which they may be positioned. This spreading out of gases to fill all of the available space is referred to as diffusion. They may be compressed effortlessly.
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what is percentage of volume of a phenol (c6,h5,oh) in a solution containing of 25.5ml of phenol in 495ml of ethanol (ch3,ch2,oh)?
Molecular mass of Phenol = 94 g/mol
Ethanol = 46 g/mol
Weight of Phenol Taken = 25.5 g
Ethanol = 495 g
Total Weight = 495 + 25.5 = 520.5 g
So moles of phenol = 25.5 94 = 0.27
mole of ethanol = 495 / 46 = 10.76
1. Mole fraction of phenol = 0.27 / (10.76 + 0.27) = 0.27 / 11.03 = 0.0244
2. Mass % of phenol = mass of phenol / total mass x 100
25.5 / x 10.5 = 4.9 %
3. Molar concentration of phenol = mol Phenol/mass of solvent (kg)
the solvent is ethanol => Because presents an exceedingly high amount
0.27 / 495 X 1000 m = 0.54m
4. Molarity = moles of phenol/ vol of solution (in liter)
Density of solution = 0.938 g/mL 44
Mass of solution = 520.5 g
Volume of Solution = Mass / Density = 520.5 / 0.938 = 554.9 or 555 ml
Molarity = (0.27 / 555)X 1000 = 0.48 M.
Phenol has unique properties and is not classified as alcohol. They are highly acidic because the aromatic ring is tightly bound to oxygen and the bond between oxygen and hydrogen is relatively loose.
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