4. A student performed a steam distillation of toluene and water and observed that the mixture boiled at
84.5 °C, The student collected the distillate in a graduated cylinder that was at room temperature (25°C)
The distillation was stopped after 2.0 mL of water had been collected. At first, the student was surprised
to see how much toluene had been collected, but after performing some calculations, the student realized
that it made sense. What volume of toluene had been collected? Show your work

Answer:

3.02 atm

Explanation:

To find the final pressure, you need to use the Combined Gas Law:

[tex]\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}[/tex]

In this equation, "P₁", "V₁", and "T₁" represent the initial pressure, volume, and temperature. "P₂", "V₂", and "T₂" represent the final pressure, volume, and temperature. You first need to convert the temperatures from Celsius to Kelvin (1°C = 273 K). You should convert the initial pressure from kPa to atm (1 atm = 101.3 kPa).

P₁ = 536 kPa / 101.3kPa  =  5.29 atm         P₂ = ? atm

V₁ = 2.50 L                                                  V₂ = 3.75 L

T₁ = 75.0 °C + 273 = 348 K                         T₂ = 25.0°C + 273 = 298 K

[tex]\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}[/tex]                                                       <----- Combined Gas Law

[tex]\frac{(5.29atm)(2.50L)}{348K}=\frac{P_2(3.75L)}{298K}[/tex]                                 <----- Insert values

[tex]0.0380=\frac{P_2(3.75L)}{298K}[/tex]                                             <----- Simplify left side

[tex]11.32 = P_2(3.75L)[/tex]                                             <----- Multiply both sides by 298 K

[tex]3.02 = P_2[/tex]                                                           <----- Divide both sides by 3.75 L

The change in the internal energy of the system is -4511.8 J.

We know that according to the first law of thermodynamics, energy can neither be created nor destroyed  but can be transformed from one form to the other.

Now we know that;

ΔE = q + w

ΔE = Change in internal energy

q = heat absorbed or evolved

w = work done

Now we have;

q = - 134.8 J (The system losses heat)

w = PdV

w =  5.73 (1.00 -  8.540)

w = -43.2 Latm or -4377 J

Then we have;

ΔE = - 134.8 J + (-4377 J)

ΔE = -4511.8 J

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The  two half cells are : Fe³⁺   +  e⁻    ---->  Fe²⁺

                                      Cu²⁺  +  2e⁻  ---> Cu

The standard electrode potential E° cell = 0.43 V

The overall reaction is given as :

Fe³⁺   +   Cu  ----->  Cu²⁺   +   Fe²⁺

The  two half cells are : Fe³⁺   +  e⁻    ---->  Fe²⁺     E° = 0.77 V

                                      Cu²⁺  +  2e⁻  ---> Cu             E° = 0.34 V

                                       Cu  ---->    Cu²⁺  +  2e⁻      E° = - 0.34 V

The standard electrode potential E° cell = 0.77 V + (-0.34 V)

                                                                    = 0.43 V

Thus, The  two half cells are : Fe³⁺   +  e⁻    ---->  Fe²⁺

                                      Cu²⁺  +  2e⁻  ---> Cu

The standard electrode potential E° cell = 0.43 V

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Answer:

Sn (Tin)

Explanation:

All of the electron orbitals are filled up so look at where 5p2 is, which is Sn.

An element E has the electron configuration [Kr] 5s24d105p2. The formula for the fluoride of E is most likely to be Fe (iodine).

Electronic configuration is defined as the distribution of electrons within its atomic orbitals. Atomic electron configurations are written using a standard notation that arranges all atomic subshells that contain electrons in a sequential order. The electron configuration is used to describe an atom's ground state orbitals, but it may also be used to depict an atom that has ionized into a cation or by compensating for any acquired or lost electrons in the orbitals after it, the anion.

It has a proton count of 53 and an atomic mass of 126.9. Iodine's atom, then, contains 53 electrons in the following configuration: 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3d10, 4p6, 5s2, 4d10, 5p5 (Kr 4d10 5s2 5p5).

Thus, an element E has the electron configuration [Kr] 5s24d105p2. The formula for the fluoride of E is most likely to be Fe (iodine).  

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If a scientist describes a piece of glass as, “clear, one pound, and square.” the thing he is MOST likely describing are C. physical properties

This refers to the characteristics of a property that is measurable, and its shape can be observed, without any necessary outward or external change such as density, size, volume, etc

Hence, it can be seen that based on the given description, it is stated that a piece of glass contains the following properties: “clear, one pound, and square.” and this shows its physical properties.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Thanks

Answer:

Explanation:

Look at the objective lens (3) and the stage from the side and turn the focus knob (4) so the stage moves upward. Move it up as far as it will go without letting the objective touch the coverslip. Look through the eyepiece (1) and move the focus knob until the image comes into focus.

¿What is boric anhydride

Called boron oxide, chemically we can find it in nature. have a white and odorless appearance. It has great benefits that help people of any age and gender, in the field of conventional medicine.

Boric acid or trioxoboric acid (III) is a slightly acidic chemical compound.

A LITTLE MORE CONCEPT :

Your Formula : [tex]\bold{H_3BO_3}[/tex]

Its Molar Mass: 61.83 g/mol

Its Density: 1.44 g/cm³

Its Melting Point: 170.9 °C

Its Soluble in: Water

His PH: 5.1

Answer: 0.5643 mol NaOH

Explanation:

First, I would start off with plugging in what you can for the molarity equation, which is:

M = mol/L

So, since you have 0.285M and 1.98 L you can plug that in where it fits. So it’d be:

0.285M = mol/1.98L

To isolate the mols on one side of the equation, you multiple both sides by 1.98 L. (Because it’s in the denominator. If you were trying to find L, you would divide by # of mols since it’s in the numerator).

After multiplying, your final answer should be 0.5643 mols of NaOH.

Answer:

All of the children will have hair.

Explanation:

Since the Father has Dominant genes, for having hair, and the mother having recessive genes, for not having hair, the Dominant genes override the recessive, making the children have hair.

The reaction rate is proportional to the square of the amount of reactant, so the rate will increase by a factor of the square of 2.81 is 7.8961

The rate of reaction is the speed at which reaction proceed and it often expressed in term to either the concentration of product that is formed in a unit of time or the concentration of reactant that is consumed in a unit of time and formula is  concentration of any reactant or product as [reactant] or [product] so the concentration A can be represented as [A] and that of B as [B]

Here given data is

0.450/0.160=2.81 , the second reaction contains 2.81 times the amount of reactant compared to Reaction 1

Then square of 2.81 is (2.81)² = 7.8961

So the rate will increase by a factor of the square of 2.81 is 7.8961

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The coefficients that should be added to balance the chemical equation are: 2, 3, 2, 2

Coefficients are numbers written before elements or compounds in a chemical equation in order to balance it.

To obtain the coefficients, we shall balance the equation. This is illustrated below.

HgS + O₂ → HgO + SO₂

There are 3 atoms of O on the right and 2 atoms on the left. It can be balance by writing 3 before O₂, 2 before HgO and 2 before SO₂ as shown below

HgS + 3O₂ → 2HgO + 2SO₂

There are 2 atoms of Hg on the right and 1 atom on the left. It can be balance by writing 2 before HgS as shown below

2HgS + 3O₂ → 2HgO + 2SO₂

Now, the equation is balanced!

Thus, the coefficients needed are 2, 3, 2, 2

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Dew point for a day's weather is calculated to be 18°C, then the statement that is true based on the dew point is a)Water will condense if the air temperature drops below 18°C.

Dew point is that temperature to which air must be cooled to become saturated with water.

When it is cooled below the dew point, moisture capacity is reduced and water vapor will condense to form dew. When this takes place via contact with colder surface, dew will form on surface.

Dew point is affected by humidity. When there is more moisture in air , then dew point is higher.

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Answer: Titanium dioxide

The range of concentrations that will produce an absorbance between 0.20 and 0.80 is 0.00258 - 0.01032 M.

What is concentration?
Longer attention spans, better mental and emotional control, and the ability to concentrate on one thing at a time are all signs of concentration. Concentration is "the capacity to focus all of your effort and attention with one thing, without thinking about other things." The Macmillan Dictionary defines concentration as "the process of giving your full attention to something." When concentrating, the mind is single-mindedly focused on the thing that is being concentrated on. This particular thought becomes the focus of all mental energy. It takes training to hone the skill of mind control and attention regulation, which is uncommon. The majority of people struggle to keep their attention under control and to keep their thoughts entirely on one thing for any length of time.

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Answer:

4.67 liters of SO2 with sig figs

Explanation:

To do this reaction, we first must find the limiting agent.
in this problem, 5 liters of H2S are reacted with 7 liters of O2, and each two moles of H2S corresponds to 3 moles of O2. Assuming ideal behavior, 1 liter of H2S has the same number of moles as 1 liter of O2 has. So, 2 liters of H2S react with 3 liters of O2. To find the limiting reagent, focus on one reagent and calculate how much of the other reagents would be needed to fully consume that one reagent.
Focus on H2S:
5 liters of H2S would require 7.5 liters of O2 (since each 2 liters of H2S requires 3 liters of O2)

Focus on O2:
7 liters of O2 would require 14/3, or 4.666... liters of H2S.

Since we don't have 7.5 liters of O2 (we only have 7 liters) to react with all 5 liters of H2S, we would say that O2 is the limiting reagent, and that we have 7 liters of it.

Next, figure out how much product can be produced per mole of that limiting reagent. 3 moles of O2 and 2 moles of H2S turns into 2 moles of SO2 and 2 moles of H2O. Thus, the ratio of O2 to SO2 is 3:2
We have 7 liters of O2, and since the ratio of O2 to SO2 is 3:2, we can set up the equation:
7:x = 3:2 where x is the number of liters of SO2
cross multiply (or solve with another method) to get:
x = 14/3, or 4.666... liters of SO2

Answer:

The alcohol contains 15.10 mg O, and 22.6 mg C, and the rest is hydrogen. 15.10 / 43.40 = 37.49 %. Therefore, the percent composition of oxygen is 37.49 %.

Answer:

C) High pressure and low temperature

Explanation:

Le Chatelier's principle. There are 4 mols of gas on the reactants side and 2 moles of gas on the products, as well as some heat. By Le Chatelier's principle, if you increase the pressure (by presumably decreasing the volume), then equilibrium will push to the side with fewer moles, in this case ammonia. Since heat is on the products side, it works like a product. If you take away a product (decreasing temperature/product), then the reaction will push to ammonia to make up for the loss.

The two possible sources of error that could contribute to your percent error include the following below:

This is a term which is referred to as the difference between the estimated value and the actual value in comparison to former and is usually expressed as a percentage.

However, there are different types of factors which contribute to this type of error and an example is the estimation process used which could result in non uniform value and also the type of measuring instrument and the conditions in which they are used.

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Mass of NO2 is 158.73 grams

In chemistry, the most commonly used unit for molarity is the number of moles per liter, which is having the unit symbol mol/L or mol/dm3 in SI unit. A solution with a concentration of 1 mol/L is said to be 1 molar, commonly designated as 1 M.

To calculate the mass from the number of moles we use the below given formula;

number of moles =  Weight of the substance

                                       Molecular mass

Weight or mass = number of moles × molecular mass

 weight = 3.45 × 46.01

             = 158.73 grams

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The density  of plastic of length of 5 cm, width of 5 cm, and a height of 5 cm would be  1.6 gm / cm3.

In this case

The dimensions of a square chunk of plastic is 5 cm x 5 cm x 5cm.

Mass, m = 200 gm

Density =  Mass / Volume

It will form a cube. Hence, the Volume = side x side x side

So ,

d = 200 gm / 5cm x 5 cm x 5 cm

d = 1.6 gm / cm3

Hence , Density is equal to 1.6 gm / cm3.

What is density explain?

Density can be defined as the mass per unit volume. Density Symbol.

Density Formula: ρ = m/V,

where ρ is the density

m is the mass of the object and V can be defined as Volume.

What is a unit of density?

It is commonly expressed in units of grams per cubic cm.

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Two ATP were created, two NAD+ were converted to two NADH + H+, and two glucose molecules were divided into two pyruvate molecules during the glycolysis process.

Anaerobic glycolysis predominates when there is no oxygen present (anaerobic conditions) and in cells without mitochondria. As lactate dehydrogenase reoxidizes NADH to NAD+, the pyruvate is degraded to lactate. Erythrocytes, which lack mitochondria, rely on this mechanism as a major source of ATP.

Pyruvate will go through a process known as fermentation when oxygen is absent or if an organism is unable to engage in aerobic respiration.

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Based on the x-ray,  the thing that could have caused the injury in both of these images is that the wounds and cave-in of the broken bone can point to blunt force trauma, which may have resulted from a fall and hitting his head or from an animal striking him in the head.

It gave precise information necessary for a precise forensic reconstruction of King Tut. The 1,700 digitized X-ray images in cross section created by the CT scan showed the mummy from head to toe. It displayed a gray head, neck vertebrae, a hand, numerous pictures of rib cages, and a skull cut in half.

Note that researchers published its findings, concluding that the corpse's head was likely broken either during embalming or during research by archeologist Howard Carter's team, which found the mummy in 1922.

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See full question below

The x-ray on the right is pointing out an area on the back and bottom of Tut's skull. The large white part is Tut's skull. Notice the smaller white part that the arrow is pointing to. The separation between these two white areas indicate an injury to Tut's skull. What could have caused the injury in both of these images?

Explanation:

The particles in solids are arranged in a regular way. The particles in solids move only by vibrating about a fixed position. This gives solids a fixed shape and means that they cannot flow like liquids. The hotter a solid gets, the faster its particles vibrate.

Mass spectrometer M+1 peak is small and m/z unit to the right of the main molecular ion peak

Mass spectrometry is an analytical tool useful for measuring to mass to charge ratio and one or more molecule present in a sample and there measurement can often be used to calculate the exact molecular weight of the sample components as well and there is a technique

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The suspect’s ridge characteristics match the ridge characteristics that were gathered from the crime scene means these fingerprints are from the same person.

Fingerprints have been used for long time in forensic identification purposes thanks to features within their patterns called ridge characteristics or also minutiae. All fingerprints fall into one of three basic overall patterns, the arch, the loop, and the whorl.

Humans have characteristically ridged skin on their fingertips, palms, and also soles. This roughened skin makes it easier to grip things and, up close as well, it appears as patterns of tiny ridges and furrows. The fingertips, palms, and soles can sometimes create a transfer of these patterns when they come into contact with surfaces and objects. The most important of these transfers are fingerprints, made when the tips of the fingers and thumbs make impressions.

So, If the ridge characteristics are matching then there is high chance that those fingerprints are of the same person.

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The heat energy required to produce one mole of silicon is given 690 KJ. Thus, to produce 198 g or 6.82 moles of Si is 4710.6 KJ.

Enthalpy of a reaction is the change in heat energy absorbed or released from a reaction. The enthalpy change of  a reaction can be calculated from the standard enthalpy of formation of each of the reactants and products.

The given balanced reaction produces one mole of metallic silicon. The atomic mass of silicon is 29 g/mol. Thus 29 g of silicon is produced from one mole of silicon dioxide requiring an energy of 690 KJ.

Therefore, the 198 g of silicon, which is 198/29 = 6.82 moles of silicon needs 6.82 times the heat energy required for one mole

Heat energy = 6.82 × 690 KJ

                     = 4710.6 KJ.

Hence, the heat required to produce 198 g of Si from the given reaction is 4710.6 KJ.

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By the use of the Avogadro's number, the atoms are found to be 7.2 * 10^ 14 atoms in number.

We know that we can be able to use the Avogadro's number to be able to obtain the number of atoms that we can find in the atom. In this case, we have been told already that the molar mass of the atom is  241.1 g/mol. This implies that one mole of the atom does contain a mass of 241.1 g. With this settled, the number of atoms in one mole of the atom can be gotten as the Avogadro's number which is 6.02 * 10^23 atoms.

Thus we have;

If 241.1 g does contain about 6.02 * 10^23 atoms

2.90 * 10^-7 g would now be found to contain;

2.90 * 10^-7 g *  6.02 * 10^23 atoms/241.1 g

= 7.2 * 10^ 14 atoms

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Missing parts;

Calculate the answer. The molar mass of americkom-241 is 241.1 g/ mol. A new smoke detector button contains 0.290 micrograms

The molarity of the sodium chloride solution is 1.95 M.

The term molarity has to do with the concentration of  substance in mole per decimeter cubed. There are several units of concentration and in every case, there is always a given unit of concentration that is most apt to be used at that point.

Given that;

Mass of the sample = 42.5 g

Molar mass of NaCl = 58.5 g/mol

Volume of the solution = 375 ml or 0.375 L

Number of moles of NaCl = 42.5 g/58.5 g/mol = 0.73 moles

Molarity of the solution = 0.73 moles/0.375 L = 1.95 M

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We can you conclude from the deflection of a cathode ray in a magnetic field that the ray must be composed of charged particles. Hence Option C is correct

J.J. Thomson came to the conclusion that rays were and are primarily negatively charged particles present or moving in a set of a positive charge after completing the experiment. The structure of an atom was further understood by physicists thanks to this idea. He also made the important discovery that the cathode rays' or electrons' properties were independent of the cathode ray tube's kind of gas or the electrodes' material. All all, we can conclude from this that all atoms are made up primarily of electrons.

The positively charged particle is called a A tiny nucleus, also known as a nucleus, houses all of the positive charge and the majority of the mass of an atom. A proton is a positively charged subatomic particle. The majority of an atom's volume is made up of empty space.

The number of positively charged protons in the nucleus is equal to the number of electrons that are distributed outside the nucleus. This describes how an atom's overall electrical neutrality.

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Answer:

its will be webbed

Explanation: