The acid dissociation constant for butyric acid is 0.0000145, pH value of its 0.075 M solution will be 2.98, and the pH value of 0.075 M solution of sodium butyrate will be 8.86.
a) The negative logarithmic values of the acid dissociation constant (Ka) for the acid and the base dissociation constant for the conjugate base (Kb) are always 14 in total:
pKa (acid) + pKb (conjugate base) = 14 ⇒ pKa = 14 - pKb
pKa = 14 - 9.16
pKa = 4.84
This means that the Ka for butyric acid is:
[tex]K_{a} = 10^{-4.84} = 1.45 * 10^{-5}[/tex]
b) The expression for butyric acid (HA) acid dissociation constant will look like this:
[tex]K_{a} = \frac{[H^{+} ][A^{-} ]}{[HA]} = \frac{X^{2} }{0.0075 - X}[/tex]
When transformed, this expression gives us a quadratic equation:
X² + Ka * X - 0.075 * Ka = 0
With familiar Ka, when we solve for X, we get:
X = 0.0010356 M = [H+]
We can use this to calculate the pH value of the solution:
pH = -log[H+]
pH = -log0.0010356
pH = 2.98
c) The expression for butyrate basicity will look like this:
[tex]K_{b} = \frac{[OH^{-} ][HA ]}{[A^{-} ]} = \frac{X^{2} }{0.0075 - X}[/tex]
When transformed, this expression gives a quadratic equation:
X² + Kb * X - 0.075 * Kb = 0
With familiar Ka, when we solve for X, we get:
X = 0.0000072 M = [OH-]
pOH = -log[OH-]
pOH = -log0.0000072
pOH = 5.14
pH = 14 - pOH
pH = 14 - 5.14
pH = 8.86
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Please select the word from the list that best fits the definition
people who do not work for a formal business
The word that best fits the definition of "people who do not work for a formal business" is informal sector.
What is a formal definition?A formal definition can be defined as a process which typically involves providing all of the information (details) pertaining to a particular word or phrase, especially in a concise and standard format.
What is an informal sector?An informal sector can be defined as a word which is used to describe a group of workers that do not work for a formal business (regulated economic activities), including entrepreneurs, self-employed persons, and small family businesses.
In conclusion, some examples of persons working in the informal sector are car repairs, graphic designers, home renovations, etc.
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Use the information to answer the following question.
The solubility of a substance at varying temperatures is listed:
1.1 g solute per 100 g solution at 20oC
0.8 g of solute per 100 g solution at 30oC
0.4 g of solute per 100 g solution at 40oC
Based on the data, what can you infer about this solute?
A) The solute is a solid.
B) The solute is a liquid.
C) The solute is a gas.
D) The solute is concentrated.
Given the fact that the mass that dissolved is less as the temperature increases, it follows that the substance is a gas.
What is solubility?The term solubility has to do with the amount of a substance that could be seen to dissolve in water at a particular temperature. It is worthy of emphasis that the temperature of an object is very important in the discussion of the solubility of an object as seen here.
Now, we know that the solubility of a gas is exothermic. This implies that as the temperature is increased, the solubility of a gas decreases.
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Which of the following is the correct Lewis formula for thionyl chloride (SOCl2)?
The correct lewis structural formula of the compound thionyl chloride from the structure above is one with two single bonds between sulphur and chlorine atom, one double bond between sulphur and oxygen, and one lone electron pair on the central atom.
The correct image is attached.
What is meant by the structure of lewis thionyl chloride?The structure of this substance simply refers to the structural composition of atoms and representing the substance.
In the context of the above question, thionyl chloride contains double bonds, single bond and also a lone pair electron.
This substance mentioned in the task above is used chlorinating agent.
Double bond is a covalent bond between two atoms involving four bonding electrons instead of two in a single bond.
So therefore, thionyl chloride lewis structure contains two single bond each between sulphur and chlorine atom and also two double bond between sulphur and oxygen atoms.
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hellpppppp pleaseeeee !!
Answer:
Addition of impurities (eg salt) raises the boiling point of water.
science time!!! please explain your answer also.
Answer:
A.
Explanation:
Radioactive atoms have unstable nuclei
A) Since, "like dissolves like" the anion of KCl will be attracted to the anion of the water and allow the KCl to dissolve and go into solution.
B) KCl is surrounded by the nonpolar H2O to form an electrolyte solution which can conduct electricity.
C) KCl is surrounded by the polar H2O to form an electrolyte solution which can conduct electricity.
D) Water attracts the ions to allow the potassium cation to be separated from the chloride anion and go into solution.
As shown in the solvation of KCl in water, water attracts the ions to allow the potassium cation to be separated from the chloride anion and go into solution; option D.
What is solvation?Solvation is the process by which solvent molecules in which a solute is dissolved interact with the molecules of the solute.
Solvation is also known as dissolution.
The principle of dissolution of substances states that like dissolves like.
This implies that polar or ionic substances will dissolve easily in polar solvents whereas non-polar solutes will dissolve in non-polar solvents.
Therefore, when an ionic compound such as KCl is dissolved in a polar solvent such as water, the solvent molecules will interact with the ions of K and Cl produced when the solute dissolves.
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what is atom charge?
Answer: the number of protons minus the number of electrons
Explanation:
where protons are located in this carbon atom.
Answer:
In every atom, protons are located in the nucleus
Explanation:
You clicked the orbit of an electron in the photo. The electrons orbit the nucleus in the orbital empty space. Protons and neutrons compose the nucleus of every atom.
hope this helps :)
please crown me brainliest!!!
An object with a mass of 25.0 kg is traveling at 10.0 m/s. What is the object's kinetic energy?
Answer:
- Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by a moving body....so this energy is independent of the distance travelled since the body is still in motion.
- To calculate kinetic energy, the formula below applies;
[tex]{ \boxed{ \rm{ \: kinetic \: energy = \frac{1}{2} {mv}^{2} }}}[/tex]
m is the mass of the moving body in kgv is velocity attained by the moving body in ms-¹- From the values given;
[tex]{ \rm{kinetic \: energy = \frac{1}{2} \times 25 \times {10.0}^{2} }} \\ \\ = { \rm{25 \times 50}} \\ \\ ={ \: \: \underline{ \underline { \rm{ \: \: \: 1250 \: joules \: \: \: }}}}[/tex]
The kinetic energy of the object is 1250 Joules
Given:
Mass of the body (m) = 25 kg
Velocity of the body (v) = 10 m/s
Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by a body because of its motion.
The formula for kinetic energy is as follows :
Kinetic energy ( K.E) = [tex]1/2 ( mv^{2} )[/tex]
By substituting the values in the above equation we get:
Kinetic energy = 1/2 × 25 × [tex]10^{2}[/tex]
Kinetic energy = 1250 Joules
Hence the kinetic energy of the body travelling at 10 m/s is calculated as 1250 Joules
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2 of 3
5. The mesosphere is found at 50 to 85 km above Earth's surface. (5 points)
Answer:
Mesosphere. This layer extends from around 31 miles (50 km) above the Earth's surface to 53 miles (85 km). The gases, including the oxygen molecules, continue to become denser as one descends. As such, temperatures increase as one descends rising to about 5°F (-15°C) near the bottom of this layer.
Explanation:
I hope this helpful♡♡ plssplss pa brainliest po ako
A
A buffer solution is prepared by adding NaH₂PO4
to a solution of H3PO4 (phosphoric acid).
H3PO4 (aq) H+ (aq) + H₂PO4¯(aq)
What happens if KOH is added?
remains
the same
B
shifts to
reactants
shifts to
products
If KOH is added then the equilibrium will shift towards the products.
What is a buffer solution?
A weak acid and the conjugate base of the weak acid, or a weak base and the conjugate acid of the weak base, are combined to form the buffer solution, a water-based solvent solution.
They withstand being diluted or having modest amounts of acid or alkali added to them without changing their ph.
When a modest amount of a strong base is added here, the pH level should just slightly alter.
As a result, it ought to be moved to products.
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consider the fourth period elements ca, mn, co, se, and kr. which of these atoms are paramagnetic? a) ca, mn, co b) mn, co, kr c) ca, kr, se d) mn, co, se e) ca, kr
Option (a) Ca, Mn, Co are paramagnetic elements in the fourth period of the periodic table due to unpaired electrons.
A substance's electron configuration can be used to assess if it has magnetic properties: The material is paramagnetic if any of its electrons are unpaired, and it is diamagnetic if all of its electrons are paired.
Materials with hindered electrons that are drawn to magnetic fields are considered to be paramagnetic. In the absence of a magnetic field, they become less magnetic. The magnetic moment of the material and, consequently, the paramagnetism, increase with the number of unpaired electrons.
[tex]Mn^{2+}[/tex] is the ion with the most paramagnetic behaviour because it has the most unpaired electrons when two electrons are lost.
In this instance, calcium is a paramagnetic element as well. This is an anomaly. Due to the ability of one of calcium's electrons in the S orbital to jump to the D orbital, the element is paramagnetic. Since calcium is in Period 4, its D orbital is unoccupied. D orbitals exist in elements with period 4. Thus, this provides that electron with a destination.
Three electrons are not paired in cobalt. It is hence paramagnetic. Three unpaired electrons are present in the outermost subshell.
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What is the product of electrolysing potassium iodine solution
Answer:
The product is hydrogen.
Explanation:
Societal and environmental impacts of Nanoparticles in medicine and effectiveness to society and health
Help ASAP
The term "emerging technology" is frequently used to characterize nanotechnology, which has the potential to not only benefit society but also fundamentally alter how we solve everyday issues.
NanoparticlesMaterials having the overall dimensions in the nanoscale, or under 100 nm, are cordially referred to as nanoparticles.
These kinds of materials have recently become very significant players in contemporary medicine, with all sorts of therapeutic uses ranging from contrast agents in imaging to the carriers for the transport of drugs and genes into malignancies.
In fact, there are also some situations where using nanoparticles makes it possible to perform studies and treatments that would otherwise be impossible. However, because of their toxicity nature in particular, nanoparticles pose special environmental and socioeconomic problems.
This review will thus help to explore the societal and environmental implications of nanoparticle use and along with its well as the significant contributions that nanoparticles have made to modern medicine.
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Draw Conclusions Based on your analysis, which particle(s) determine(s) the identity of an element? Cite evidence from the table to support your conclusion.
The proton determines the identity of an element.
The number of protons in an atom determines the identity of that element. No element has the same number of protons in its atoms. The number of protons in an atom is called the atomic number of the element. Therefore, each element has a unique atomic number. The identity of an element is determined by the number of protons in it. You cannot change the number of protons without changing the ID of the element.
Adding a proton increases the atomic number by 1 and changes the identity of the element. You can create isotopes by changing the number of neutrons. The number of protons is very important in an atom as it gives it its identity. Atoms with only one proton are identified as hydrogen atoms. Atoms with 6 protons are identified as carbon atoms. The number of protons in an atom determines the identity of that element.
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Phosphoric acid is delivered to a drinks factory in concentrated form. Why do you think the acid is not diluted before transporting it?
Please answer
The acid is transported in the concentrated form because it takes up a lesser volume.
What is dilution?The term dilution has to do with the process by which more water is added to the acid in order to reduce the strength of the acid. We have to note that the acid is stronger in the concentrated form because there is a very little amount of water that is found to be present in the concentrated acid as it is transported.
Let us note that when you dilute the acid, there would be an increase in the volume of the acid and this increase in the volume of the acid is going to raise the cost that is required in the transport of the acid.
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. Use the diagram below.
Which wave has the lowest
frequency: top one or bottom one?
What is changed about the wave if
the frequency is changed?
wwwwww
A. Bottom one; wavelength changes
when frequency changes
B. Top one-wavelength changes
when frequency changes
Bottom one; wavelength changes when the frequency changed.
whenever frequency shifts Consequently, a wave's wavelength rose as its frequency fell. An energetic wave with a short wavelength has a high frequency. Low frequency waves have lengthy wavelengths and little energy.
How does the wave change when the frequency does?
Small differences in the speed figures were due to experimental error rather than a physical law being demonstrated. The evidence is strong that wave frequency has no bearing on wave speed. While the wave speed was unchanged, a drop in wavelength was brought on by an increase in wave frequency.
The frequency of a sound wave remains constant while the wave speed and wavelength change when it enters a new medium.
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Which statement about atoms is false ?
Answer:
Following Statement is false: Atoms have an overall negative charge
Explanation:
hope it helps
Pen drop
Gideon is holding a pen in his hand, 1 m off the floor. While he is distracted, it
slips out of his hand and falls to the floor.
1. How long does it take to reach the floor
2. If he dropped a quarter at the same time, how long would it take to hit the floor
It takes 0.44 seconds to reach the floor and it would take the same time to hit the floor If he dropped a quarter at the same time 1 m off the floor which is on motion due to gravity.
What do you mean by the motion done by a gravitational field?When any object moves, it is said to be under motion under gravity since gravity has an impact on the object’s vertical motion. GRAVITY is the force that pulls down things downward and in actuality, gravity pulls objects toward the Earth’s center.
The particle’s initial velocity is 0 during free fall. Consequently, v=gt is said as the equation of motion.
What movements are brought on by gravity?An object launched into the air may also experience a shift in upward velocity due to gravity, which causes it to slow down and return to Earth’s surface.
The Moon is kept in an orbit with the pull of Earth’s gravity. Due to gravity, the Moon continuously changes direction.
1. Time t =?
u = 0
h = ut - [tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex][tex]gt^2[/tex]
1 = [tex]\frac{10}{2}t^2[/tex]
t = [tex]\sqrt{\frac{1}{5} }[/tex] = 0.44 seconds
2. The quarter will take the same time as ink drop if we neglect the air drag.
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Many chemical reactions in your body can convert reactants to products without an enzyme, even if the process is not efficient. However, if the same chemical reaction runs with an enzyme, how would the following aspects be affected?.
Enzymes share two key characteristics with all other catalysts - First, they speed up chemical reactions without being consumed or irreversibly changed by the process and secondly, they also speed up reactions while maintaining the chemical balance between reactants and products.
A drop in the activation energy barrier occurs when an enzyme is present. The quantity of product molecules stays constant. However, there will be a rise in the reaction rate, or the number of product molecules created per unit time. The products' final energy is unchanged from an uncatalyzed process. The reaction's rate quickens. As a result, there are still the same amount of reactant molecules. The amount of substrate molecules converted to products per unit of time will grow, but not the reaction rate. The reactants' initial energy is unchanged from an uncatalyzed reaction.
The free energy of the reactants or products is unaffected by enzymes. Instead, enzymes reduce the energy of the unstable transition state, which reactants must proceed through in order to become products.
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can energy be released when matter changes? Can it be absorbed? Can a change in matter take place in which energy is neither released nor absorbed?
Answer:
Yes, energy can be released when matter changes. In physical changes, such as phase changes, energy is released when changing from a higher energy state to a lower energy state. An example of this is when gaseous water condenses into the liquid phase.
Yes, energy is always either released or absorbed during a chemical reaction. This is because all chemical reactions involve energy. In any chemical reaction, energy is required to break the bonds in reactions, and energy is released when new bonds form after the reaction.
And no energy cannot change in matter or take place in which energy is neither releasedreased nor absorbed.
Explanation:
During the determination of molar mass of co2 experiment, suppose you measure the atmospheric pressure of the lab as 752 torr and the temperature of the lab as 21°c. If the vapor pressure of water is 18. 65 torr at 21°c, what is the pressure, in atm, of the co2 collected?.
The pressure of the CO₂ collected in atm is 0.965 atm.
We need to know about pressure to solve this problem. Pressure is unit that describe how much force applied on a surface area. It can be determined as
P = F / A
where P is pressure, F is force and A is area.
From the question above, we know that
Pvapor = 18.65 torr
P = 752 torr
From partial pressure, we can conclude that
P = Pco₂ + P vapor
752 = Pco₂ + 18.65
Pco₂ = 752 - 18.65
Pco₂ = 733.35 torr
Convert to atm
Pco₂ = 733.35 torr
Pco₂ = 733.35/760 atm
Pco₂ = 0.965 atm
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Balancing Equations
You will be shown three types of chemical reactions below. Balance the equations.
Answer:
zn +2Agno3= Zn(No3)2 +2Ag
for any particular electron donor, the most free energy will be released when molecular oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor because . . . choose one:a. the concentration of oxygen gas is higher than the concentrations of most other feasible electron acceptors.b. molecular oxygen is a stronger oxidizing agent than most other available electron acceptors.c. molecular oxygen has a higher molecular weight than most other available electron acceptors.d. molecular oxygen donates electrons more readily than most other available electron acceptors.
For any particular electron donor the most free energy will be released when molecular oxygen serves as the electron acceptor because molecular oxygen is a stronger electron acceptor then most other available electron acceptors.
Oxygen is a highly electronegative due to its size. Its high electronegativity increases the electron affinity of oxygen to a very large extent.
At the end of the electron transport chain, most of the electron loses their energy when molecular oxygen serves as the electron acceptor.
Because at the end of the electron transport chain, water can easily form hydronium ion by combining readily with Hydrogen (H+).
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Question 1 (1 point)
The electron configurations of two unknown atoms are shown.
Electron Configuration
Based on the electron configuration of each atom, what is the number of valence electrons for each atom?
a Atom X = 1; Atom Y = 1
b Atom X = 1; Atom Y = 7
c Atom X = 10; Atom Y = 10
d Atom X = 11; Atom Y = 17
Answer:
b Atom X = 1; Atom Y = 7
Explanation:
a valence electron is an electron in the outer shell
So X has 1 in outer shell
Y has 7 in outer shell
is spraying paint from a spray can diffusion
A device sprays coating material (paint, ink, varnish, etc.) through the air onto a surface when using the spray painting technique. The most popular varieties atomize and guide the paint particles using compressed gas, often air.
How does spray paint work?Volatile Organic Compounds are present in a large number of commonly used professional spray paints (VOCs). VOCs are a group of compounds that are released as gases from a range of solids and liquids, some of which may be harmful to human health in the short- and long-term.
What qualifies as spray paint?When a valve button is depressed, aerosol paint, also known as spray paint, is released from a sealed, pressurized container in an aerosol spray. One type of spray painting is aerosol painting, which leaves a smooth, even coat in contrast to many conventional rolled and brushed paints.
Does paint undergo chemical reactions?Not every change in color results from a chemical shift. If one were to alter a substance's color through a non-chemical interaction, such as painting an automobile, the alteration would be physical rather than chemical.
Is spray paint a gas or a liquid?Spray paints come in aerosol cans and are liquid paints. The top of a can of spray paint has a button that, when depressed, releases paint. Compressed gas is used in aerosol spray cans as a liquid propellant.
Is spray paint distinct from regular paint?A million times faster than brush-on paint is spray paint. Since spray paint is often oil based rather than water based, it is more durable than conventional latex paint or spray paint. Using spray paint outside is simple when you have a drop cloth and some newspaper handy.
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you are extracting water-soluble impurities from your organic-soluble compound. mark where your aqueous (a) and organic (o) layers would be for the following organic solvents:
Soluble water contaminants, such as Calcium chloride, calcium sulphate, calcium bicarbonate, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulphate, magnesium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, sodium carbonate, and organic matter.
The more prevalent soluble contaminants are sugar, salt, and milk, are impurities that dissolve in water.
Organic substances typically dissolve easily in solvents with attributes comparable to their own. Like dissolves like, also known as the "like dissolves like" principle, states that non-polar molecules will typically dissolve in non-polar solvents and polar molecules will typically dissolve effectively in polar solvents.
Organic solvents are chemicals with a carbon structure that can dissolve or disperse one or more other compounds.
Organic solvents have the potential to be neurotoxins, genital poisons, and carcinogens.
The organic solvents benzene, carbon tetrachloride, and trichloroethylene are carcinogenic.
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Which of the following is NOT a physical change? [Choose all that apply.]
Group of answer choices
melting ice cream
water evaporating from a puddle
making elephant toothpaste
roasting a marshmallow
mashing potatoes
burning a piece of paper
cutting wood
In 1909, scientist ernest rutherford directed a stream of high speed alpha particles at a thin piece of gold foil. Some of the particles passed through, some were deflected, and some bounced straight back. This result caused rutherford to conclude that?.
1990, scientist Ernest Rutherford, directed a steam of alpha particles at a thin gold foil. He drew the conclusions about the Nucleus of the atom and the arrangement of the particles in atom.
He directed a stream of alpha particles towards a very thin gold foil. Some of the particles passed through, some were deflected, and some were bounced back straight. This result caused Rutherford to conclude that,
As the alpha particles were large particles, a large amount of mass was needed to deflect the alpha particles from it's path. He concluded that most of the mass of the atom is concentrate inside a small portion of the atom. He termed this portion as nucleus of the atom.
Some particles went non deflected, some were deflected by small angles and only few came back in a straight path. From this information he concluded that most of the portion of the atom is empty. This observation is indeed proven true in subsequent times.
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pls help with this!!!
molecules are often more than 1 of same element together in nature
like oxygen O is O2 is nature
in this assignment molecules are the number in front of the compound
so 3H20 means 3 molecules of H20 or water
compound are different elements together to make something else
al(oh)2
aluminum hydroxide or antacid
AL 1 O 2 H 2
total 5
molecule 1
Elements 3
3H2O
water
H 6 0 3
total 9
molecules 3
elements 2
NA2CO3
sodium carbonate or soda ash
NA 2 C 1 O 3
total 6
molecules 1
elements 3
one without a name is
FE2O3
iron oxide or rust
FE 2 O 3
total 5
molecules 2
elements 2
Co
C≡O
carbon dioxide
dangerous odorless gas
found in car & engine & generator & kitchen stove exhaust
dangerous because the human body can take it in its blood thinking it to be oxygen
C 1 O 1
total 2
molecules 1
elements 2