Can you explain for me Colomb's Torsion Balance Experiment​

It uses one main simple machine, the lever, to propel a projectile, making it both a compound machine (a device that employs a number of simple machines) and a simple machine.

A trebuchet is a form of catapult, a weapon that can launch things considerably farther than a person can. The usage of trebuchets is first recorded in second-century China, however catapults were in use far before the Roman Empire. Trebuchets are most known for their use in medieval castle raids because they could be placed so far away from the fortress that archers couldn't touch them and could launch practically anything.

They are the most basic techniques that are now understood for using leverage (or mechanical advantage) to increase force. The wheel and axle, inclined plane, lever, wedge, pulley, and screw are examples of rudimentary machines.

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For each of these scenarios, the primary method by which heat energy is transferred is:

A) Radiation                           B) Conduction

C) Convection                         D) Radiation

E) Conduction                         F) Convection

G) Radiation                            H) Convection      

Conduction, convection and radiation are all methods of heat transfer. Conduction is the transfer of heat between two solid objects in contact. Convection is the transfer of heat by convection currents in fluids (liquids or gases). Liquids and gases on their own don't conduct heat, but when molecules of a fluid are heated up, they move within the medium and carry the heat energy with them. This phenomenon is called convection currents. Radiation is the transfer of heat in a vacuum. Unlike convection and conduction, radiation does not need a material medium for heat to be transferred, as heat is transferred through electromagnetic waves.

For each situation in the question, heat is transferred in one way or another. The methods are:

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Complete question:

Each of the following situations involves the flow of heat energy. For each scenario, specify the primary mode (conduction, convection, or radiation) by which the energy is transferred. a)What is the primary mode of energy transfer from hot coffee inside a Thermos bottle to the environment? b)What is the primary mode of energy transfer from your bare feet to a cold ceramic bathroom floor in the middle of winter? c)What is the primary mode of energy transfer from your body to your hands when you blow on them to warm them? d)What is the primary mode of energy transfer into your sealed car parked in the sun on a hot summer day? e)What is the primary mode of the flow of energy from your tongue to a metal railing if you happen to lick it on a cold winter day? f)what is the primary mode of energy transfer from a hair dryer to your wet hair? g)What is the primary mode of energy transfer from your body on a cold day with no wind? h)What is the primary mode of energy transfer away from your body on a very windy day?

option c When a ball is thrown horizontally at 100 m/s, a second ball is dropped from the same height at the exact same moment neither they both hit the ground at the same time .Here gravitational force plays role.

Gravitational force tells if Any two bodies' mutual attraction is directly proportional to the sum of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of their separation. As a "thought experiment," Newton proposed the Newton's cannonball, which supports the idea that gravity is a powerful force that affects planetary motion.

He assumed a cannon on top of a very tall mountain peak in this thinking experiment. If the cannon is loaded with gunpowder and fired, the following situations might occur.

If the cannon's speed is modest, it will fall to Earth in a projectile motion.

If the speed of the cannon is equal to the orbital speed at that altitude, the cannonballNo change in gravity affects the speed of light.

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The mass of the other skater who is pushed is 51.4 kilograms.

According to the law of conservation of momentum,

The total linear momentum is always conserved in a system if no external force is applied.

So. we can write,

Initial momentum = final momentum

Initial momentum is zero as both the skater are at rest.

So, Final momentum should be 0,

Final momentum = 0

M₁V₁ + M₂V₂ = 0

M₁ is the mass of first skater,

V₁ is the final speed of the first skater,

M₂ is the mass of the second skater,

V₂ is the final speed of the second skater, V₂ will taken as negative because the second skater is pushed into opposite direction,

Putting all the values,

61(0.75) = -M₂(-0.89)

M₂ = 51.4 Kg.

So, the mass of the skater is 51.4 kg.

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Answer:

Option 2

Explanation:

This is the definition of the plum-pudding model.

The gravitational acceleration on the surface of the exoplanet is 0.188 m/s².

Gravitational acceleration has an important role in uniform motion. Uniform motion is an object's motion under acceleration. It should follow the rule

vt = vo + a . t

vt² = vo² + 2a . s

s = vo . t + 1/2 . a . t²

where vt is final velocity, vo is initial velocity, a is acceleration (gravitational acceleration), t is time and s is displacement.

From the question above, we know that

h = 18 m

vo = 2.6 m/s

In this case, the final velocity should be zero. Hence,

vt² = vo² + 2a . s

vt² = vo² - 2g . h

0² = 2.6² - 2.g . 18

36g = 6.76

g = 0.188 m/s²

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The percentage of additional power transmitted is 73.2%.

A conductor is an object or form of fabric that permits the flow of fee in a single or extra instruction. Materials manufactured from steel are not unusual electrical conductors.

A conductor, or electrical conductor, is a substance or fabric that allows energy to drift through it. In a conductor, electric rate carriers, typically electrons or ions, pass without problems from an atom to an atom when voltage is carried out.

IN DC 2-WIRE SYSTEM

If R is the resistance oper conductor,then the power transmitted is

P=VI

And power loss is = I²R

IN AC 3-PHASE 3 WIRE SYSTEM

P=√3VIcos φ

 =√3VI             [as unity power factor,cos φ=1]

power loss= 3I²R

The percentage of additional power transmitted in a phase 3 wire ststem is

(√3VI-VI  )/ VI  *100 =73.2%

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The environmental impact of the changes in the amount of energy resources is reduction in air pollution.

Energy resources are the materials that can act as sources of energy which is grouped into two namely:

From the given figures,

In 2014 renewable energy = 19%; while in 2015 it is = 25%

In 2014 non renewable energy when added = 79%; while in 2015 it is = 73%

This shows that there was reduction in the use of non renewable energy from 2014 to 2015 by 6%.

This would affect the environment positively as there would be reduction in air pollution caused by non renewable energy resources.

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The change in velocity experience by a driver, driving a Bugatti Veyron, accelerating at 26.7 m/s² for 2.4 seconds is 64.08 m/s.

Change in velocity is the difference between the final and the initial velocity of a body.

To calculate the change in velocity experienced by the driver, we use the formula below.

Formula:

Where:

From the question,

Given:

Substitute these values above into equation 1

Hence, the change in velocity experienced by the driver is 64.08 m/s.

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The magnitude of the total velocity of the package at the moment it is thrown as seen by an observer on the ground is D = 193m/s  15.2s = 2934 m.

What is velocity ?

velocity is the prime indicator of the position as well as the rapidity of the object

Sol-

1. 0.5gt^2 = 2010 m.

4.9t^2 = 2010.

t = 20.3 s. = Fall time.

D = Xot. = 193m/s 20.3s = 3909 m.

2. V=sqrt(Xo^2+Yo^2)=sqrt(193^2+58^2) = 202 m/s.

3. Vot + 0.5gt^2 = 2010 m.

58t + 4.9t^2 = 2010.

4.9t^2 + 58t - 2010 = 0.

Use the  quadratic formula we are get  

t = 15.2 s. = Fall time

D = 193m/s  15.2s = 2934 m.

D = 193m/s  15.2s = 2934 m.

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To travel at 230 m/s at an altitude where the air density is 1.0 kg/m3, the jet's engines must deliver 111kN of thrust.

Air Density is defined as the mass of an object, including air, divided by its volume.

Scientists measure density in terms of kilogrammes per cubic metre when using the metric system.

The density of the air is influenced by its temperature, pressure, and water vapour content. We'll discuss dry air initially, so just temperature and pressure will be a concern.

In addition to a fundamental explanation of air density, we will go into how humans are affected by decreased air density, such as that experienced at high altitudes, how humidity influences air density in unexpected ways, and how air density affects things like aircraft, baseballs, and even racing automobiles.

The density of the air in a free environment drops as temperature increases.

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1year is the orbital period of this planet.

The orbital period  is the quantity of time a given astronomical object takes to complete one orbit around every other object. In astronomy, it generally applies to planets or asteroids orbiting the solar, moons orbiting planets, exoplanets orbiting different stars, or binary stars.

Kepler's third law - indicates the relationship among the length of an items orbit and the common distance that it's far from the issue it orbits. this could be used  for something clearly orbiting round another factor.

Entire revolution is known as the orbital duration. At 200 km that is approximately ninety minutes. The orbital duration will increase with altitude for two motives. First, as the altitude increases, Earth's gravity decreases, so the orbital speed had to stability it decreases.

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The charge of 15 Chas been flowing through a circuit with current of 2 A for a time period of 7.5 s

Q = I t

Q = Electric charge

I = Electric Current

t = Time

Q = 15 C

I = 2 A

t = Q / I

t = 15 / 2

t = 7.5 s

Electric current is the rate of flow of charge. In a circuit the current always flows from the negative terminal to the positive terminal. Its unit is Ampere ( A ) which is C / s.

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The important Physics chapter "Conductors and Dielectrics in an Electric Field" focuses on the electric field and its interactions with different kinds of materials, such as conductors and dielectrics.

The significance of its components in the electrical circuit is explained in Conductors and Dielectrics in an Electric Field. is a crucial resource component that all students require in order to succeed in the Class 12 Physics exams and admission exams. It is one of the greatest ways to prepare for physics exams and practice problems in order to get good marks. Here, the questions are primarily centered on electric field, current, speed, voltage, and other related concepts.

In-depth explanations are provided for the behavior of conductors and dielectrics. The issues help to strengthen the applicability of the theoretical ideas in daily life and activities.

For clear knowledge and a firm grasp of the syllabus and concept, students aiming for a good mark in a competitive examination must solve every issue provided.

Based on each and every formula, equation, and procedure, there are a variety of difficulties that can be accessed. Each problem's solution is broken down into logical steps and supported with relevant data, formulas, graphs, and equations. All questions based on conductors and dielectrics are readily available to students. This aids in conceptual clarity and full knowledge for kids.

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We can calculated the maximum power as follows:

Since the heater consumes 1600W, we can write the following inequality:

Where n is the number of heaters, so:

Answer:

2 heaters

Answer:

FN=-Fg -> Fg=mg -> Fg = 238 kg*9.8 m/s^2 ->

Fg = -2432.4 so FN = 2432.4 -> FF = μs*FN ->

FF = 0.22*2332.4 N -> FF = 513.128 ->

Fapplied > 513.128 N

Explanation:

...

The weight of the body on the surface of mars would be 333.9 Newtons.

Weight is the force exerted by the earth on an object at the surface of the earth and this force is directed towards the center of the earth. Mathematically -

W = mg

where -

[m] is the mass of object

[g] is acceleration due to gravity

Given is a body that weighs 900N on the surface of earth. Mars is a planet whose mass is one ninth and radius is one half that of the earth. The same body is now placed on mars.

Since the weight of the body is 900 N on earth, we can write -

W = mg

900 = m x 10

m = 900/10

m = 90 Kg

Now, we know for a body of mass [m] on a planet of mass [M], the gravitational force exerted by planet on the body will be -

F = GMm/r²

but

F = W = mg

So, we can write -

mg = GMm/r²

g = GM/r²

For the planet of mars, we can write -

g = GM[mars]/r[mars]²

g = (6.6743 × 10⁻¹¹ x 0.65 x 10²⁴)/(3185.5 x 10³)

g = 3.71 m/s²

So, the weight of the body on mars will be -

W = mg = 90 x 3.71

W = 333.9 N

Therefore, the weight of the body on the surface of mars would be 333.9 Newtons.

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Answer:

See below

Explanation:

x component =  90 cos 45 = 63.6 N

y component =  90 sin 45  = 63.6 N

Fraction of the initial kinetic energy is lost in the collision f = 3/4.

Two balls of masses M and 3M kinetic energy

Initially before collision:

Speed of ball of mass M = −V0 (Right direction is taken as negative)

Speed of ball of mass 3M = +V0

Finally after collision: Speed of ball of mass M = v

Speed of ball of mass 3M = V02

[tex]Finding the fraction(f) of initial kinetic energy lost in the collisionf=1−Final Kinetic EnergyInitial Kinetic Energyf=1−12×M×(v02)2+12×3M×(v02)212×M×(−v0)2+12×3M×(v0)2f=1−v024v02f=1−14=34[/tex]

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Answer:

1. If the knot is in equilibrium - no net force acts on the knot.

2. F1x = 0                 F1y = -F1

   F2x = -F2 cos θ1        F2y = F2 sin θ1

    F3x = F3 cos θ2        F3 = sin θ2

3.    Fx net = 0        

       Fy net = 0          for equilibrium to occur

4. F2 cos θ1 = F3 cos θ2

   F1 = M g = 2.1 * 9.8 = 20.6 N

    F2 sin 30 + F3 sin 60 = 20.6      balancing forces in y-direction

or   .5 F2 + .866 F3 = 20.6       (use this equation below )   (I)

    F2 cos 30 = F3 cos 60       as stated above

    .866 F2 = .5 F3        or F3 = 1.732 F2        substituting for θ

    .5 F2 + .866 (1.732 F2) = 20.6       using (I) above

   2.0 F2 = 20.6       and

     F2 = 10.3 N

    F3 = 1.732 * 10.3 = 17.8 N

Check:

    10.3 * .866 = .5 * 17.8        using values above

     8.92 = 8.9       forces balance

Also    .5 * 10.3 + .866 (1.732 * 10.3) = 20.6

Answer:

Energy

Explanation:

Some of the suns energy is converted into wind and water waves

The cycling of matter in Earth’s atmosphere is related to the movement of dust from the Sahara desert to the Amazon because the biosphere is a major ecosystem that connects all ecosystems around the world.

The ecosystems are specific geographic regions in which biotic factors (life) and abiotic factors (e.g. dust) interrelate to shape the environmental condition of the area, while the term biosphere makes reference to a major ecosystem that connects all these region in the world.

Therefore, we can conclude that ecosystems are interconnected to shape the biosphere, thereby the phenomena that occur in Sahara desert are able to modify the conditions in a Forest like Amazon.

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The distance traveled will therefore simply be equal to the original velocity multiplied by the time period. The result of adding these two numbers together is about 2.41, or 4 times 10 to the ninth meters.

Some star material, with an initial velocity of roughly 40,232,600 m/s, is accelerated outward in specific shock waves that are created by a star dying. Let's record that as beginning velocity, which is 40 million 233,600 meters per second. And we inquired as to how far it travels in a minute. Since we are in space, there are essentially no accelerations to take into account. Therefore, we don't need to think about any form of slowing down or speeding up of this velocity.

The distance traveled will simply be equal to the original velocity multiplied by the time interval because this is how long it has been moving. And when we combine those two figures, we get a result of around 2.41, or 4 times 10 to the ninth meters.

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Answer: See Below

Explanation:

A reflective glass mirror will reflect all the components of white light and not allow visible light to pass through.

A transparent glass block will allow light to pass through with some refraction.

a) It takes you 1.893s to reach the opened door and jump in.

b) The maximum time that you can wait before starting to run and still catch the bus is 1.27s

The time which the passenger can delay and still catch the bus must be less than this.

From the question:

Distance between the passenger and the door of the bus d = 9

Acceleration of the bus a¹ = 1.0m/s²

Speed of the passenger v = 5.7m/s

Time taken for you to catch up with the bus must occur at the exact position with the bus,

Let the position = y

The time taken for you to reach the point:

t = total speed/distance

t = y + 9/5.7 ..................... eqn 1

The time taken for the bus to reach the same point;

y = vt + 1/2at²

Initial velocity of the bus is zero

y = 0.5*(1)t²

y = t²/2

t = √2y .......................eqn 2

We solve eqn (1) and (2) together:

9 + y = 5.7 * √2y

81 + y² + 18y = 64.98y

y² - 46.98y + 81 = 0

y = 45.187m or 1.792m

Now we take the smallest distance: x=1.792 m

Time taken for both to reach this point: (put x in eq. (1))

t = 1.792+9/5.7

t = 1.893s

For the maximum waiting time we find have:

Relative acceleration, ar = -1m/s⁻²since the bus is moving away from the intended

The final relative velocity for the passenger to catch it, vr = 0m/s⁻¹

Using equation of motion:

s = 9 + 1/2 * (-1)t²

also the initial relative velocity:

vr = ur + ar.t

ur = 5.7 - t

and

vr² = ur² + 2ar.s

0² = (5.7 - 1)² - 2 * 1 * (9 - 0.5t²)

t = 1.27s

Here's the complete question:

You are 9.0 m from the door of your bus, behind the bus, when it pulls away with an acceleration of 1.0 m/s2. You instantly start running toward the still-open door at 5.7 m/s.

How long does it take for you to reach the open door and jump in?

What is the maximum time you can wait before starting to run and still catch the bus?

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The density of the ceramic statue is "2495.5 kg/m³".
This question involves the concepts of density, weight, volume, and buoyant force.

First, we will find out the mass of the statue:

W=mg
m=W/g
where,
W = hanging weight of statue = 28.4 N
g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.81 m/s²

Therefore,
28.4/9.81
m= 2.9kg

Now, we will find out the volume of the statue.
The difference, in weight of the statue upon submerging, must be equal to the buoyant force applied by the water. This buoyant force is equal to the weight of the volume of water displaced, which is equal to the volume of the statue.

V = 1.16 x 10⁻³ m³

Density= 2.9/1.16 x 10^-3
=2495.5kg/m^3

Therefore, the stature density is 2495.5 kg/m^3.

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A ball is released from a certain height of 20m then the time taken by the ball to fall is 2 sec and the velocity is 20m/s

Here: s (height) = h =20

a=g=±10m/s

a=10m/s (since it is dropped)

[tex]v^{2} -u^{2} =2as\\v^{2} =2*10*10\\v^{2}= 200[/tex]

(u=0; it is dropped not thrown)

v=20m/s

for calculating time we know,

v=u+at

20= 0+ 10xt

t=20/10

t=2seconds

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The current when the potential difference between the walls is 45 mv is 4.500×10⁻¹¹ A.

To find the current when the potential difference between the walls is 45 mv, we will Use Ohm's law.

V = IR ........................ Eqn 1

Where

V = Potential difference between the walls

I = current

R = Resistance between the walls

Make I the subject of the equation

I = V/R...................... Eqn 2

From the question, we are given that:

V = 45 mV = 0.045 V

R = 1.0×10⁹ Ω.

Substitute into Eqn 2

I = 0.045/(1.0×10⁹)

I = 4.500×10⁻¹¹ A.

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The theory is that:

H0: The amount of salt added to ice has no bearing on how quickly it melts.

H1: The amount of salt added to ice will have an impact on how quickly it melts.

By altering the rate at which salt is introduced to the equation, the independent variable can be modified.

The ice, which is the dependent variable, will alter or melt in response because it will get smaller as the rate at which salt is injected rises.

The boiling point of water, or the temperature at which it may erupt, rises when salt is added to it. For every 58 grams of dissolved salt per kilogram of water, the temperature required to reach boiling rises by around 0.5 C. This is an illustration of an elevated boiling point, which is not just a property of water.

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The - 60.6 N is the average force experienced by the clay.

The force applied by a body moving at a constant velocity (rate of speed) over a fixed time period is known as the average force. The magnitude and direction of force are both vector quantities. The term 'average' denotes that this velocity was not precisely measured or was not 'instantaneous.' As a result, the average force over a given time period is equal to the body's mass multiplied by its average velocity. The magnitude and direction of the average force are both vector quantities.

Average acceleration = Δv/t

We know F = ma,

We have m = 0.24

Δv = Final velocity - Initial velocity

Δv = (0 - 23) m/s
Δv = -23 m/s

t = 91 ms or 0.91 s

As we know acceleration (a) = v/t

So, a = -23/0.91

a = - 25.27 m/s²

Put the above value in formula F = ma.

F = (0.24 kg) × (-25.27 m/s²)

F = - 60.6 N

Therefore, the average force experienced by the clay is - 60.6 N.

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The complete question is:

"A 0.24 kg blob of clay is thrown at a wall with an initial velocity of 23 m/s. the clay comes to a stop against the wall in 91 ms, what is the average force experienced by the clay"