These are the computed values of beta and p-value for the given alternative value p = 0.21 and sample sizes.
To compute the beta (β) for the given alternative value p = 0.21 and sample sizes n = 81, 900, 14,400, 40,000, and 90,000, we need to determine the probability of Type II error. Beta is the probability of failing to reject the null hypothesis (H₀) when the alternative hypothesis (Hₐ) is true.
To calculate beta, we need to find the corresponding z-value for the given significance level α = 0.01, which corresponds to a z-value of 2.33 (approximate value).
Using the formula for the standard deviation of the sample proportion:
σ = sqrt((p₀ * (1 - p₀)) / n)
where p₀ is the null hypothesis value, p = 0.2, and n is the sample size.
Then we can calculate the z-score for the alternative value p = 0.21 using the formula:
z = (p - p₀) / σ
Finally, we can compute beta using the standard normal distribution table or a statistical calculator.
Let's calculate beta for the given sample sizes:
For n = 81:
σ = sqrt((0.2 * (1 - 0.2)) / 81) ≈ 0.0447
z = (0.21 - 0.2) / 0.0447 ≈ 0.2494
beta = P(Z > 0.2494) ≈ 0.4013
For n = 900:
σ = sqrt((0.2 * (1 - 0.2)) / 900) ≈ 0.0143
z = (0.21 - 0.2) / 0.0143 ≈ 0.7692
beta = P(Z > 0.7692) ≈ 0.2206
For n = 14,400:
σ = sqrt((0.2 * (1 - 0.2)) / 14,400) ≈ 0.0071
z = (0.21 - 0.2) / 0.0071 ≈ 1.5493
beta = P(Z > 1.5493) ≈ 0.0606
For n = 40,000:
σ = sqrt((0.2 * (1 - 0.2)) / 40,000) ≈ 0.0050
z = (0.21 - 0.2) / 0.0050 ≈ 2.2000
beta = P(Z > 2.2000) ≈ 0.0139
For n = 90,000:
σ = sqrt((0.2 * (1 - 0.2)) / 90,000) ≈ 0.0033
z = (0.21 - 0.2) / 0.0033 ≈ 3.0303
beta = P(Z > 3.0303) ≈ 0.0012
Next, let's calculate the p-value for the alternative value P = 0.21 and sample sizes n = 81, 900, 14,400, and 40,000.
The z-score for the given P can be calculated using the formula:
z = (P - p₀) / σ
Using the standard normal distribution table or a statistical calculator, we can find the area under the curve beyond the calculated z-score to obtain the p-value.
For n = 81:
σ = sqrt((0.2 * (1 - 0.2)) / 81) ≈ 0.0447
z = (0.21 - 0.2) / 0.0447 ≈ 0.2494
p-value = P(Z > 0.2494) ≈ 0.4013
For n = 900:
σ = sqrt((0.2 * (1 - 0.2)) / 900) ≈ 0.0143
z = (0.21 - 0.2) / 0.0143 ≈ 0.7692
p-value = P(Z > 0.7692) ≈ 0.2206
For n = 14,400:
σ = sqrt((0.2 * (1 - 0.2)) / 14,400) ≈ 0.0071
z = (0.21 - 0.2) / 0.0071 ≈ 1.5493
p-value = P(Z > 1.5493) ≈ 0.0606
For n = 40,000:
σ = sqrt((0.2 * (1 - 0.2)) / 40,000) ≈ 0.0050
z = (0.21 - 0.2) / 0.0050 ≈ 2.2000
p-value = P(Z > 2.2000) ≈ 0.0139
To know more about p-value,
https://brainly.com/question/15839377
#SPJ11
if all attributes of r are prime then group of answer choices a.r cannot be factored b.r has no common keys c.r is at least in bcnf d.r is at least in 3nf
If all attributes of r are prime, then the group of answer choices a, b, and d are true.
Option a states that r cannot be factored. This is true because prime attributes cannot be further decomposed into smaller attributes. Option b states that r has no common keys. This is also true because prime attributes are unique and cannot have any duplicates. Option d states that r is at least in 3NF. This is true because if all attributes of r are prime, then r must have a candidate key composed of only prime attributes. This means that there are no transitive dependencies and r is in at least 3NF. Option c, which states that r is at least in BCNF, is not necessarily true. BCNF requires that for any functional dependency X → Y, X must be a superkey. It is possible for a relation with all prime attributes to have a non-trivial functional dependency where the determinant is not a superkey, violating BCNF.
If all attributes of R are prime, then R is at least in 3NF. In 3NF, every non-prime attribute is fully functionally dependent on a candidate key. Since all attributes are prime, they are part of a candidate key, ensuring the relation meets the conditions of 3NF.
To know more about attributes visit:
https://brainly.com/question/30024138
#SPJ11
Factorise the following ;
1 . x³-x²-6x
2. 3x³- 27x² + 24x
3. 8x³ - 44x² + 20x
Answer:
[tex]\textsf{1.} \quad {x(x+2)(x-3)[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{2.} \quad 3x(x-1)(x-8)[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{3.} \quad 4x(2x-1)(x-5)[/tex]
Step-by-step explanation:
Question 1To factorize the given cubic expression x³ - x² - 6x, first factor out the common term x:
[tex]x(x^2-x-6)[/tex]
Now factorize the quadratic expression (x² - x - 6) by using the technique of splitting the middle term.
The product of the coefficient of the leading term and the constant is -6. Therefore, find two numbers that multiply to -6 and sum to -1.
The two numbers are -3 and 2, so rewrite the middle term as -3x + 2x:
[tex]\begin{aligned}x^2-x-6&=x^2-3x+2x-6\\&=x(x-3)+2(x-3)\\&=(x+2)(x-3)\end{aligned}[/tex]
Therefore, the fully factorised expression is:
[tex]\boxed{x(x+2)(x-3)}[/tex]
[tex]\hrulefill[/tex]
Question 2To factorize the given cubic expression 3x³- 27x² + 24x, first factor out the common term 3x:
[tex]3x(x^2-9x+8)[/tex]
Now factorize the quadratic expression (x² - 9x + 8) by using the technique of splitting the middle term.
The product of the coefficient of the leading term and the constant is 8. Therefore, find two numbers that multiply to 8 and sum to -9.
The two numbers are -8 and -1, so rewrite the middle term as -8x - x:
[tex]\begin{aligned}x^2-9x+8&=x^2-8x-x+8\\&=x(x-8)-1(x-8)\\&=(x-1)(x-8)\end{aligned}[/tex]
Therefore, the fully factorised expression is:
[tex]\boxed{3x(x-1)(x-8)}[/tex]
[tex]\hrulefill[/tex]
Question 3To factorize the given cubic expression 8x³ - 44x² + 20x, first factor out the common term 4x:
[tex]4x(2x^2-11x+5)[/tex]
Now factorize the quadratic expression (2x² - 11x + 5) by using the technique of splitting the middle term.
The product of the coefficient of the leading term and the constant is 10. Therefore, find two numbers that multiply to 10 and sum to -11.
The two numbers are -10 and -1, so rewrite the middle term as -10x - x:
[tex]\begin{aligned}2x^2-11x+5&=2x^2-10x-x+5\\&=2x(x-5)-1(x-5)\\&=(2x-1)(x-5)\end{aligned}[/tex]
Therefore, the fully factorised expression is:
[tex]\boxed{4x(2x-1)(x-5)}[/tex]
In a reflection, the image of the line y-2x=3 is the line 2y-x=9. find the axis of reflection
Answer:
y = x + 4 or y = -x +6
Step-by-step explanation:
You want the line of reflection that maps y -2x = 3 to 2y -x = 9.
Line of reflectionPoints on the line of reflection will be equidistant from both lines. The equation for the distance from a point to a line can be used.
For line ax +by +c = 0, the distance from point (x, y) to that line is ...
d = |ax +by +c|/√(a² +b²)
Then the distances to the lines are the same when ...
|y -2x -3|/√(1² +2²) = |2y -x -9|/√(2² +1²)
EquationsMultiplying by √5 and unfolding the absolute value, we have the two equations ...
y -2x -3 = 2y -x -9y -2x -3 = -(2y -x -9)Simplifying, the first gives ...
x + y = 6
Simplifying the second gives ...
3x -3y = -12
x - y = -4
The equations of the lines of reflection are x+y = 6, or x-y = -4.
__
Additional comment
Each of these equations can be written in slope-intercept form, as they are at the top of this answer. They are shown in orange on the attached graph.
Basically, each line bisects the angle formed by the given lines. As you can see, there are two angle bisectors, one for the acute angle, and one for the obtuse angle.
The above solution shows us that general form lines ax+by-c=0 and dx+ey-g=0 will have angle bisectors (lines of reflection) with slopes (a+d)/(-b-e) and (a-d)/(-b+e).
<95141404393>
how to find the value of a,b and c?
Hello !
Method 1 :it is an equilateral triangle (3 equal sides). In an equilateral triangle the angles are all equal so a = b = c.
The sum of the angles of a triangle is always equal to 180°.
so a = b = c = 180°/3 = 60°
Method 2 :it is an equilateral triangle (3 equal sides). In an equilateral triangle the angles are all equal so a = b = c.
A straight angle measures 180°, so b = 180° - 120° = 60°.
so a = b = c = 60°
Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
This is an equilateral triangle (all angles are equal).
Angles in a triangle add up to 180°.
[tex]a=b=c=\frac{180}{3} =60[/tex]
. An ice cream store made a profit of $35700 in 1990 and a profit of $85360 in 2008. Write
an equation that can be used to predict the profit, y, in terms of the year, x. Let x=0 represent
the year 1990.
• Predict the profit for the year 2011.
• What does the y-intercept represent in the context of this problem?
The y-intercept (b) is 35700.
The predicted profit for the year 2011 is approximately $93691.69.
To write an equation that can be used to predict the profit, y, in terms of the year, x, we can use the slope-intercept form of a linear equation: y = mx + b.
Let's find the slope, m, and the y-intercept, b, using the given information:
Profit in 1990 (x = 0) = $35700
Profit in 2008 (x = 2008 - 1990 = 18) = $85360
We can use these two points to find the slope:
m = (y₂ - y₁) / (x₂ - x₁) = (85360 - 35700) / (18 - 0) = 49660 / 18 = 2758.89 (approximately)
Now that we have the slope, we can write the equation:
y = 2758.89x + b
To find the y-intercept, we can substitute the coordinates of one point (x, y) into the equation. Let's use the point (0, 35700):
35700 = 2758.89(0) + b
35700 = b
Therefore, the y-intercept (b) is 35700.
The equation that can be used to predict the profit, y, in terms of the year, x, is:
y = 2758.89x + 35700
To predict the profit for the year 2011 (x = 2011 - 1990 = 21), we can substitute x = 21 into the equation:
y = 2758.89(21) + 35700
y = 57991.69 + 35700
y ≈ $93691.69
Therefore, the predicted profit for the year 2011 is approximately $93691.69.
In the context of this problem, the y-intercept (35700) represents the profit in the year 1990 (when x = 0). It indicates the starting point or initial profit when the year is 1990.
To learn more about the slope;
brainly.com/question/3605446
#SPJ1
Find the Maclaurin series of the function f(x) = (8 x^2) e^{- 7 x}
Therefore, the Maclaurin series for f(x) is:
f(x) = 28 x^2 - (56/3) x^3 + (28/3) x^4 - (14/3) x^5 + ...
The following data are the monthly salaries y and the grade point averages x for students who obtained a bachelor's degree in business administration.
GPA Monthly Salary
2.6 3600
3.4 3900
3.6 4300
3.2 3800
3.5 4200
2.9 3900
The estimated regression equation for these data is = 2090.5 + 581.1x and MSE = 21,284.
Round your answer to two decimal places.
a. Develop a point estimate of the starting salary for a student with a GPA of 3.0 (to 1 decimal).
$
b. Develop a 95% confidence interval for the mean starting salary for all students with a 3.0 GPA (to 2 decimals).
$ ( , )
c. Develop a 95% prediction interval for Ryan Dailey, a student with a GPA of 3.0 (to 2 decimals).
$ ( , )
To solve this problem, we'll use the estimated regression equation and the given data. Let's calculate the requested values step by step:
a. Point estimate of the starting salary for a student with a GPA of 3.0:
Using the estimated regression equation:
Estimated Salary = 2090.5 + 581.1 * x
Substituting x = 3.0:
Estimated Salary = 2090.5 + 581.1 * 3.0
Estimated Salary = 2090.5 + 1743.3
Estimated Salary ≈ 3833.8
Therefore, the point estimate of the starting salary for a student with a GPA of 3.0 is approximately $3833.8.
b. 95% confidence interval for the mean starting salary for all students with a 3.0 GPA:
To calculate the confidence interval, we'll use the formula:
Confidence Interval = Estimated Salary ± t * (Standard Error)
The standard error (SE) can be calculated using the Mean Squared Error (MSE). In this case, MSE = 21,284. Therefore, SE = √MSE = √21,284 ≈ 145.89.
The t-value depends on the sample size and the desired confidence level. Since the sample size is not provided, we'll assume a reasonably large sample and use a t-value for a 95% confidence level. For a large sample, the t-value is approximately 1.96.
Confidence Interval = Estimated Salary ± t * (Standard Error)
Confidence Interval = 3833.8 ± 1.96 * 145.89
Calculating the confidence interval:
Confidence Interval = (3833.8 - 1.96 * 145.89, 3833.8 + 1.96 * 145.89)
Confidence Interval ≈ (3546.16, 4121.44)
Therefore, the 95% confidence interval for the mean starting salary for all students with a 3.0 GPA is approximately ($3546.16, $4121.44).
c. 95% prediction interval for Ryan Dailey, a student with a GPA of 3.0:
The prediction interval takes into account the variability of individual observations. To calculate the prediction interval, we'll use the formula:
Prediction Interval = Estimated Salary ± t * (Standard Error)
Using the same values as in part b, the prediction interval is:
Prediction Interval = 3833.8 ± 1.96 * 145.89
Calculating the prediction interval:
Prediction Interval = (3833.8 - 1.96 * 145.89, 3833.8 + 1.96 * 145.89)
Prediction Interval ≈ (3546.16, 4121.44)
Therefore, the 95% prediction interval for Ryan Dailey, a student with a GPA of 3.0, is approximately ($3546.16, $4121.44).
To know more about regression equation refer here
https://brainly.com/question/32162660#
#SPJ11
a discrete time system has poles = -0.7 and 0.5, this system is unstable. (8) T/F
False. In a discrete-time system, the stability of the system is determined by the location of its poles in the complex plane. For stability, all the poles should lie inside the unit circle.
In this case, the poles of the system are -0.7 and 0.5. To determine their stability, we need to consider their magnitude. The magnitude of -0.7 is less than 1, while the magnitude of 0.5 is also less than 1. Since both poles have magnitudes less than 1, they fall within the unit circle.
When all the poles of a discrete-time system lie inside the unit circle, it indicates that the system is stable. The unit circle acts as a boundary, and any poles within it ensure bounded and stable behavior.
Therefore, the statement "this system is unstable" is false. The given discrete-time system with poles -0.7 and 0.5 is stable.
Learn more about discrete-time here:
https://brainly.com/question/29154225
#SPJ11
Find the difference.
(6a^2 − 7− 3a^3) − (7 + a^3 + 2a^2)
(A) −4a^3 + 8a^2 + 14
(B) −2a^3 − 4a^2 − 14
(C) −4a^3 + 4a^2
(D)−4a^3 + 4a^2 − 14
Answer:
4a^2 - 4a^3 - 14
Step-by-step explanation:
Step 1: First, we can distribute the negative to each term in the second expression:
6a^2 - 7 - 3a^3 -7 - a^3 - 2a^2
Step 2: Now we can simplify by combining like terms:
(6a^2 - 2a^2) + (-3a^3 - a^3) + (-7 - 7)
4a^2 - 4a^3 - 14
Thus, the difference of (6a^2 − 7− 3a^3) − (7 + a^3 + 2a^2) is 4a^2 - 4a^3 - 14
Optional Step 3: We can check that we've found the correct difference by plugging in a number for the variable a in both the expression we used to find the difference, (6a^2 − 7− 3a^3) − (7 + a^3 + 2a^2), and the expression we think is the difference, 4a^2 - 4a^3 - 14.
If we get the same value for both when we plug in a, we've correctly found the difference:
Plugging in 2 for a in (6a^2 − 7− 3a^3) − (7 + a^3 + 2a^2):
(6(2)^2 - 7 - 3(2)^3) - (7 + 2^3 + 2(2)^2)
(6 * 4 - 7 - 3 * 8) - (7 + 8 + 2 * 4)
(24 - 7 - 24) - (15 + 8)
(17 - 24) -23
-7 - 23
-30
Plugging in 2 for a in 4a^2 - 4a^3 - 14:
4(2)^2 - 4(2)^3 - 14
4 * 4 - 4 * 8 - 14
16 - 32 - 14
-16 - 14
-30
Thus, we've correctly found the difference of the two expressions
between 11 p.m. and midnight on thursday night, mystery pizza gets an average of 5.1 telephone orders per hour.Between 11 p.m. and midnight on Thursday night, Mystery Pizza gets an average of 5.1 telephone orders per hour.(a) Find the probability that at least 35 minutes will elapse before the next telephone order. (Round intermediate values and your final answer to 4 decimal places.) Probability _______(b) Find the probability that less than 21 minutes will elapse. (Round intermediate values and your final answer to 4 decimal places.) Probability ______(c) Find the probability that between 21 and 35 minutes will elapse. (Round intermediate values and your final answer to 4 decimal places.) Probability ______
(a)The probability that at least 35 minutes will elapse before the next telephone order is approximately 0.7225.
(b) The probability that less than 21 minutes will elapse before the next telephone order is approximately 0.2930.
(C) the probability that between 21 and 35 minutes will elapse before the next telephone order is approximately 0.4295.
(a)The CDF of the exponential distribution is given by: CDF(x) = 1 - e^(-λx)
The probability for at least 35 minutes (0.5833 hours)
P(at least 35 minutes) = 1 - CDF(0.5833)
P(at least 35 minutes) = 1 - e^(-5.1 × 0.5833)
P(at least 35 minutes) ≈ 1 - 0.2775
P(at least 35 minutes) ≈ 0.7225
Therefore, the probability that at least 35 minutes will elapse before the next telephone order is approximately 0.7225.
(b) The CDF of the exponential distribution for 21 minutes (0.35 hours)
P(less than 21 minutes) = CDF(0.35)
P(less than 21 minutes) = e^(-5.1 × 0.35)
P(less than 21 minutes) ≈ 0.2930
Therefore, the probability that less than 21 minutes will elapse before the next telephone order is approximately 0.2930.
(c) The probability that between 21 and 35 minutes will elapse, we can subtract the probability from part (b) from the probability from part (a)
P(between 21 and 35 minutes) = P(at least 35 minutes) - P(less than 21 minutes)
P(between 21 and 35 minutes) ≈ 0.7225 - 0.2930
P(between 21 and 35 minutes) ≈ 0.4295
Therefore, the probability that between 21 and 35 minutes will elapse before the next telephone order is approximately 0.4295.
To know more about probability click here :
https://brainly.com/question/30034780
#SPJ4
write an equation for the hyperbola that has vertices (±2,0) and foci (±53‾‾‾√,0).
the equation for the hyperbola is [tex](x^2 / 702.25) - (y^2 / 2652) = 1.[/tex]
The standard equation for a hyperbola with center at the origin is:
[tex](x^2 / a^2) - (y^2 / b^2) = 1[/tex]
where:
a is the distance from the center to the vertex along the x-axis
b is the distance from the center to the co-vertex along the y-axis
To find the values of a and b, we can use the distance formula between the vertices and the foci:
a = 53‾‾‾√ / 2 = 26.5‾‾‾√
c = distance from the center to the focus = 53‾‾‾√ - 2 = 51.5‾‾‾√
[tex]b = \sqrt{(c^2 - a^2)} = √(51.5^\sqrt{2}} - 26.5^\sqrt{2}} ) = \sqrt{(2652) } = \sqrt[2]{(663)}[/tex]
Thus, the equation for the hyperbola is:
[tex](x^2 / (26.5√)^2) - (y^2 / (2√(663))^2) = 1[/tex]
Simplifying, we get:
[tex](x^2 / 702.25) - (y^2 / 2652) = 1[/tex]
To know more about hyperbola refer here
https://brainly.com/question/19989302#
#SPJ11
Find a1 if a3=27 and a22=141
Find A. a=24,b=18, c=16
Find side c . A=42degrees , b=12,c=60degres
Find a . A=108 degrees ,b=8 , c=10
These are all different questions I need answers for. Thank you
The first term of the sequence is 15.
To find a1, we need to know the pattern of the sequence. From a3=27 and a22=141, we can find the common difference d using the formula a22=a1+21d.
Substituting the values, we get 141=a1+21d.
Similarly, a3=a1+2d. Substituting the value a3=27, we get 27=a1+2d.
Solving these two equations simultaneously, we get d=6 and a1=15.
It is important to note that there are different types of sequences, such as arithmetic, geometric, and others, and the method to find the missing term may vary depending on the type of sequence.
It is always important to identify the pattern and use the appropriate formula or method to find the missing term.
To learn more about : sequence
https://brainly.com/question/7882626
#SPJ11
The function f(x) has the value f(1) = 5. The slope of the curve y = f(x) at any point is given by the expression Y = (4x-27y+1). A. Write an equation for the line tangent to the curve y = f(x) at x = 1. B. Use separation of variables to find an explicit formula for y = f(x), with no integrals remaining. C. Calculate the slope of the tangent line to the curve at x = 0.
28y - 27xy = 5x - 6, this equation represents the line tangent to the curve y = f(x) at x = 1.y = (4x + 1 - Y)/27 is the explicit formula for y = f(x) without integrals remaining. The slope of the tangent line to the curve at x = 0 is -27.
A. To find the equation for the line tangent to the curve y = f(x) at x = 1, we need to find both the slope and the point of tangency.
Given the expression for the slope of the curve Y = 4x - 27y + 1, we can substitute x = 1 and find the corresponding value of y:
Y = 4(1) - 27y + 1
Y = 4 - 27y + 1
Y = 5 - 27y
Since the slope of the tangent line is equal to the slope of the curve at x = 1, we have:
Slope = 5 - 27y
Next, we substitute x = 1 and y = f(1) = 5 into the original equation y = f(x):
y = f(1) = 5
So, the point of tangency is (1, 5).
Using the point-slope form of a line, we can write the equation for the tangent line:
y - y1 = m(x - x1)
Substituting the values we found, we have:
y - 5 = (5 - 27y)(x - 1)
Simplifying the equation gives:
y - 5 = 5x - 27xy - 1 + 27y
Combining like terms:
28y - 27xy = 5x - 6
B. To find an explicit formula for y = f(x) without integrals remaining, we can use separation of variables. Since the slope of the curve is given as Y = 4x - 27y + 1, we can rearrange it as:
27y = 4x + 1 - Y
Now, we separate the variables by dividing both sides by 27:
y = (4x + 1 - Y)/27
This gives us the explicit formula for y = f(x) without integrals remaining.
C. To calculate the slope of the tangent line to the curve at x = 0, we can substitute x = 0 into the expression for the slope of the curve Y = 4x - 27y + 1:
Y = 4(0) - 27y + 1
Y = 1 - 27y
The slope at x = 0 is given by the coefficient of y, which is -27. Therefore, the slope of the tangent line to the curve at x = 0 is -27.
To learn more about explicit formula go to:
https://brainly.com/question/25094536
#SPJ11
use the fact that ~(p→q) is equivalent to p ∧ ~q to write the statement in an equivalent form. statement: it is false that if gerald ate lunch, then he got enough nutrition.
The equivalent form of a conditional statement, it is false that if gerald ate lunch, then he got enough nutrition, is equals to "if gerald ate lunch, then he did not got enough nutrition."
A statement formed by joining two events together based on a condition is called a conditional statement. It is also known as “If-Then” statements and can be written in the form, If p then q. If the truth table for two statement are identical then they are logically equivalent . We have a logical statement, "it is false that if gerald ate lunch, then he got enough nutrition."
This is a conditional logical statement. We can use the fact that ∼(p→q) is equivalent to p∧∼q write the equivalent form of statement. Here first write the propositions, p : gerald ate lunch
q : he got enough nutrition
So, here , negation of P implications q is equivalent to p conjunction of negation q. Then, negation of q, ∼q = he did not got enough nutrition. So, required statement is "if gerald ate lunch, then he did not got enough nutrition."
For more information about conditional statement, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/28882138
#SPJ4
what is the median for the following five numbers? 223, 264, 216, 218, 229
Answer:
223
Step-by-step explanation:
put the numbers in ascending order.
216, 218, 223, 229, 264.
there are five numbers. we want the middle number. that is the third one.
223 is the median.
There are N +1 urns with N balls each. The ith urn contains i – 1 red balls and N +1-i white balls. We randomly select an urn and then keep drawing balls from this selected urn with replacement. (a) Compute the probability that the (N + 1)th ball is red given that the first N balls were red. Compute the limit as N +00. (b) What is the probability that the first ball is red? What is the probability that the second ball is red?
(a) Let R denote the event that the (N + 1)th ball is red, and let F denote the event that the first N balls were red. Then, we want to compute P(R|F), the probability that the (N + 1)th ball is red given that the first N balls were red. By Bayes' theorem, we have:
P(R|F) = P(F|R) * P(R) / P(F)
We know that P(R) is the probability that the (N + 1)th ball is red, which is the same for all urns and is (N + 1)/(2N + 2). We also know that P(F) is the probability that the first N balls are red, which is the same for all urns and is ((N!)^2 / ((2N)!) ).
To compute P(F|R), the probability that the first N balls are red given that the (N + 1)th ball is red, we need to consider each urn separately. If we select the ith urn, then the probability that the (N + 1)th ball is red is (i - 1)/(N + 1), and the probability that the first N balls are red is ((i - 1)/N)^N. Thus, we have:
P(F|R) = sum_{i=1}^{N+1} ((i-1)/N)^N * (i-1)/(N+1)
Computing this sum is difficult, but we can take the limit as N goes to infinity. In this case, we have:
lim_{N->inf} P(F|R) = sum_{i=1}^{N+1} (i/e) * (i-1)/(N+1) = 1/e
Therefore, we have:
P(R|F) = (1/e) * (N+1)/(2N+2) / ((N!)^2 / ((2N)!))
Taking the limit as N goes to infinity, we get:
lim_{N->inf} P(R|F) = 1/3
So the probability that the (N + 1)th ball is red given that the first N balls were red approaches 1/3 as N goes to infinity.
(b) The probability that the first ball is red is 1/2 for all urns, since half of the balls in each urn are red. Similarly, the probability that the second ball is red is the same for all urns, and can be computed using the law of total probability:
P(second ball is red) = sum_{i=1}^{N+1} P(select urn i) * P(second ball is red | select urn i)
We have:
P(select urn i) = 1/(N+1) for all i
P(second ball is red | select urn i) = (i-1)/N
Therefore, we get:
P(second ball is red) = sum_{i=1}^{N+1} (1/(N+1)) * ((i-1)/N) = N/(2(N+1))
Taking the limit as N goes to infinity, we get:
lim_{N->inf} P(second ball is red) = 1/2
So the probability that the first ball is red is 1/2 for all urns, and the probability that the second ball is red approaches 1/2 as N goes to infinity.
To know more about probability refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/31828911?#
SPJ11
Let A (a. b, c). For each of the following, draw a directed graph that represents a relation with the specified properties. (a) A relation on A that is symmetric but not transitive (b) A relation on A that is transitive but not symmetric (c) A relation on A that is symmetric and transitive but not reflexive on A (d) A relation on A that is not reflexive on A, is not symmetric, and is not transitive (e) A relation on A, other than the identity relation, that is an equivalence relation on A
(a) A relation on A that is symmetric but not transitive:
In this case, let's assume A = {a, b, c}.
To create a relation that is symmetric but not transitive, we can set up the following directed graph:
a b c
┌───┐ │ ┌───┐
│ │ │ │ │
└───┘ │ └───┘
│ │
┌───┐ │
│ │ │
└───┘ │
└───┘
In this graph, there are directed edges between 'a' and 'b', 'b' and 'a', 'b' and 'c', and 'c' and 'b'. However, there is no directed edge between 'a' and 'c' or 'c' and 'a'. This satisfies the condition of symmetry but fails the transitivity condition.
(b) A relation on A that is transitive but not symmetric:
Again, considering A = {a, b, c}, we can set up the following directed graph:
a b c
┌───┐ └───┐
│ │ ┌───┘
└───┘ │
└───┘
In this graph, there is a directed edge from 'a' to 'b', 'b' to 'c', and 'a' to 'c'. However, there is no directed edge from 'b' to 'a' or 'c' to 'b'. This satisfies the condition of transitivity but fails the symmetry condition.
(c) A relation on A that is symmetric and transitive but not reflexive on A:
Using A = {a, b, c}, we can set up the following directed graph:
a b c
┌───┐ └───┐
│ │ ┌───┘
└───┘
In this graph, there are directed edges between 'a' and 'b', 'b' and 'a', 'b' and 'c', and 'c' and 'b'. The graph satisfies the symmetry and transitivity conditions. However, there are no loops or self-edges, indicating that the relation is not reflexive.
(d) A relation on A that is not reflexive, not symmetric, and not transitive:
For this case, we can set up the following directed graph:
css
Copy code
a b c
┌───┐ ┌───┐
│ │ │ │
└───┘ └───┘
In this graph, there are no directed edges between any pair of elements. Since there are no directed edges, the relation fails to satisfy reflexivity, symmetry, and transitivity.
(e) An equivalence relation on A (other than the identity relation):
Considering A = {a, b, c}, we can set up the following directed graph:
a b c
┌───┐ ┌───┐
│ │ │ │
└───┘ └───┘
In this graph, there is a directed edge between each pair of elements, including loops or self-edges. This graph represents the equivalence relation where every element is related to itself, and all elements are related to each other.
Learn more about symmetric here:
https://brainly.com/question/30697892
#SPJ11
Exhibit 6-1 Consider the continuous random variable x, which has a uniform distribution over the interval from 20 to 28. Refer to Exhibit 6-1. The mean of x is _____. * a. 0 b. .125 c. 23 d. 24
Given statement solution is :- The mean of the continuous random variable x is 24.
The correct option is d. 24.
In probability theory and statistics, the continuous uniform distributions or rectangular distributions are a family of symmetric probability distributions.
To find the mean of a continuous uniform distribution, you can use the formula:
mean = (a + b) / 2,
where 'a' and 'b' are the lower and upper limits of the distribution, respectively.
In this case, the lower limit is 20 and the upper limit is 28. Substituting these values into the formula, we get:
mean = (20 + 28) / 2 = 48 / 2 = 24.
Therefore, the mean of the continuous random variable x is 24.
The correct option is d. 24.
For such more questions on Continuous Uniform Mean
https://brainly.com/question/28984186
#SPJ11
what standard deviation is used in scientific?
The standard deviation used in scientific research is typically the sample standard deviation, also known as the population standard deviation estimator. It is a measure of the dispersion or variability of data points around the mean.
In scientific research, the standard deviation is a commonly used statistical measure that quantifies the spread of data points in a sample or population. It provides information about how much individual data points deviate from the mean. The sample standard deviation is used when working with a sample of data to estimate the population standard deviation.
The formula for calculating the sample standard deviation involves taking the square root of the average of the squared differences between each data point and the mean. It is represented by the symbol "s" and is used to describe the variability or dispersion of data within the sample.
The population standard deviation, represented by the symbol "σ," is used when working with an entire population rather than a sample. However, in scientific research, due to practical limitations, researchers often rely on sample data to make inferences about the larger population. Therefore, the sample standard deviation is commonly used as an estimator for the population standard deviation.
To learn more about standard deviation click here:brainly.com/question/12402189
#SPJ11
what is the length of rs with r(-2 3) and s(4 5)
[tex]~~~~~~~~~~~~\textit{distance between 2 points} \\\\ R(\stackrel{x_1}{-2}~,~\stackrel{y_1}{3})\qquad S(\stackrel{x_2}{4}~,~\stackrel{y_2}{5})\qquad \qquad d = \sqrt{( x_2- x_1)^2 + ( y_2- y_1)^2} \\\\\\ RS=\sqrt{(~~4 - (-2)~~)^2 + (~~5 - 3~~)^2}\implies RS=\sqrt{(4 +2)^2 + (5 -3)^2} \\\\\\ RS=\sqrt{ (6)^2 + (2)^2} \implies RS=\sqrt{ 36 + 4}\implies RS=\sqrt{ 40 }\implies RS\approx 6.32[/tex]
Write the equation of the parabola with the given characteristics.
vertex (0, 0), focus (0,5)
Let G be a tree with 2k vertices of odd degree. Prove that E(G) can be partitioned into k sets of edges, so that the edges in each set forms a path in G. (Hint: Prove the stronger result that the claim holds for all forests.)
Returning to the original G-tree problem with 2k vertices of odd degree, we note that a tree is a special case of a forest where every connected component is a tree. So the statement also applies to the tree G, and we can divide the edges of G into k sets of edges, where the edges in each set form a path in G.
What is Set of Edge?
Edge set refers to a collection of edges. An edge is a fundamental concept in graph theory, where a graph consists of vertices (also known as nodes) and edges that connect those vertices.
In the context of a given problem, an edge set denotes a subset of edges in a graph (or tree) G. Partitioning edges into k sets means partitioning edges into k non-overlapping subsets, where each subset represents a distinct path in the graph.
To prove the claim, we begin by proving a stronger result that holds for all forests, not just trees.
Theorem: Let F be a forest with 2k vertices of odd degree. Then the edges of F can be partitioned into k sets of edges such that the edges in each set form a path in F.
Evidence:
We will continue with the proof of inductions on the number of edges in F.
Base case:
If F has no edges, then it is a set of isolated vertices, each with odd degree. In this case k = 0 and the statement trivially holds since there are no edges to split.
Induction step:
Assume that the statement holds for all forests with m edges where m ≥ 0. Now consider a forest F with m + 1 edges and 2k vertices of odd degree.
Let v be any vertex in F with odd degree. Since F is a forest, v must be an endpoint of some edge e. Remove e from F to create a new forest F' with m edges and 2k-1 vertices of odd degree. By our induction hypothesis, the edges of F' can be partitioned into k sets of edges such that the edges in each set form a path in F'.
Now consider the edge e that has been removed. Connects a vertex in (which has odd degree) to some other vertex in F'. Since v is the only vertex in F' with odd degree that is not included in any of the paths formed by the edges of F', we can add e to any of the existing sets. This addition does not violate the property that the edges in each set form a path, since e connects two vertices that are not already connected by any other edge in the set. So we have successfully extended the division by the edge e.
From the principle of mathematical induction, this statement is valid for all forests.
Returning to the original G-tree problem with 2k vertices of odd degree, we note that a tree is a special case of a forest where every connected component is a tree. So the statement also applies to the tree G, and we can divide the edges of G into k sets of edges, where the edges in each set form a path in G.
To learn more about Set of Edges from the given link
https://brainly.com/question/1373
#SPJ4
For a data set with 30 observations the sample variance of variable x is 4 while the sample variance of y equals 1. Which of the following cannot be the covariance between x and y?
a. 0
b. 2
c. 3
d. 1
The answer is option d. 1.The covariance between two variables x and y is related to their individual variances and the relationship between them.
The formula for covariance is as follows:
Covariance(x, y) = (1/n) * ∑((xᵢ - x bar)(yᵢ - ȳ))
where n is the number of observations, xᵢ and yᵢ are the individual values of x and y, x bar and ȳ are their respective sample means.
Given that the sample variance of x is 4 and the sample variance of y is 1, we can calculate the maximum possible covariance between x and y using the formula:
Maximum Covariance(x, y) = √(variance of x * variance of y)
Maximum Covariance(x, y) = √(4 * 1) = 2
Therefore, the maximum possible covariance between x and y is 2.
From the given options:
a. 0: This value can be the covariance between x and y.
b. 2: This value can be the covariance between x and y (it is the maximum possible).
c. 3: This value can be the covariance between x and y.
d. 1: This value cannot be the covariance between x and y since the maximum possible covariance is 2. So, the answer is option d. 1.
To learn more about covariance go to:
https://brainly.com/question/17137919
#SPJ11
in each of problems 19 through 22, show that the given equation is not exact but becomes exact when multiplied by the given integrating factor. then solve the equation. 19. x2y3 x(1+ y2)y'=0, μ(x,t)=1/xy3
20. (sin y/y - 2e^-x inx) + (cos y+2e^-x cos x/y0y'=0, μ(x,y)=yex
Problem 19 is asking to show that the differential equation x^2 y^3 dx + x(1 + y^2) dy = 0 is not exact, but it becomes exact when multiplied by the integrating factor μ(x,t) = 1/xy^3. To do so, we can check whether the partial derivatives of M(x,y) = x^2y^3 and N(x,y) = x(1+y^2) with respect to y and x, respectively, are equal.
It turns out that M_y(x,y) = 3x^2y^2 and N_x(x,y) = 1 + y^2, which are not equal. However, when we multiply the differential equation by the integrating factor, we get x(dy/dx) + (1 + y^2)/y^3 = 0, which is exact. By finding the potential function for this equation, we can solve for y as a function of x.
Problem 20 asks us to show that the differential equation (sin y/y - 2e^-x inx)dx + (cos y+2e^-x cos x/y^0)dy = 0 is not exact, but it becomes exact when multiplied by the integrating factor μ(x,y) = yex. We can again check whether the partial derivatives of M(x,y) = sin y/y - 2e^-x inx and N(x,y) = cos y+2e^-x cos x/y^0 with respect to y and x, respectively, are equal.
It turns out that M_y(x,y) = cos y/y - sin y/y^2 and N_x(x,y) = -2e^-x inx + 2e^-x cos x/y^0, which are not equal. However, when we multiply the differential equation by the integrating factor, we get yex(sin y/y - 2e^-x inx)dx + yex(cos y+2e^-x cos x/y^0)dy = 0, which is exact. By finding the potential function for this equation, we can solve for y as a function of x.
To learn more about Integrating factor :brainly.com/question/25527442
#SPJ11
Solve the following quadratic equation by factoring:
x^2 + 2x - 8 = 0
Answer: x = -4 and x = 2.
To factor a quadratic equation in the form of x^2 + bx + c = 0, we need to find two numbers that when multiplied together, give us c, and when added or subtracted, give us b.
We need to find two numbers whose product is -8 and whose sum is 2. These numbers are 4 and -2, so we can write:
x^2 + 2x - 8 = (x + 4)(x - 2) = 0
Setting each factor to zero, we get:
x + 4 = 0 or x - 2 = 0
Solving for x in each equation, we get:
x = -4 or x = 2
So, the solutions to the equation x^2 + 2x - 8 = 0 are x = -4 and x = 2.
determine the curvature \kappaκ for the curve \mathbf r(t) = \langle 1, \, t, \, t^2 \rangler(t)=⟨1,t,t 2 ⟩ at the point where t=\sqrt2t= 2 .
The curvature κ for the curve r(t) = <1, t, t²> at the point where t = √2 is 3/2.
What is function?A function is an association between inputs in which each input has a unique link to one or more outputs.
To find the curvature κ for the curve r(t) = <1, t, t²> at the point where t = √2, we need to follow these steps:
1. Calculate the first derivative of r(t) with respect to t:
r'(t) = <0, 1, 2t>
2. Calculate the second derivative of r(t) with respect to t:
r''(t) = <0, 0, 2>
3. Evaluate r'(√2) and r''(√2) by substituting t = √2 into their respective vector expressions:
r' (√2) = <0, 1, 2√2>
r'' (√2) = <0, 0, 2>
4. Calculate the magnitude of r'(√2):
|r' (√2)| = √(0² + 1² + (2√2)²)
|r' (√2)| = √(0 + 1 + 8)
|r' (√2)| = √9
|r' (√2)| = 3
5. Calculate the magnitude of r''(√2):
|r'' (√2)| = √(0² + 0² + 2²)
|r'' (√2)| = √(0 + 0 + 4)
|r'' (√2)| = √4
|r'' (√2)| = 2
6. Now, we can calculate the curvature κ using the formula:
κ = |r'(√2)| / |r''(√2)|
Substituting the values we obtained:
κ = 3 / 2
Therefore, the curvature κ for the curve r(t) = <1, t, t²> at the point where t = √2 is 3/2.
Learn more about function on:
https://brainly.com/question/10439235
#SPJ4
consider the following. u = 2i 6j, v = 4i 9j (a) find the projection of u onto v.
The projection of vector u onto vector v can be calculated using the formula:
Projection of u onto v = (u · v) / ||v||^2 * v
where u · v represents the dot product of vectors u and v, ||v||^2 is the squared magnitude of vector v, and * denotes scalar multiplication.
Given u = 2i + 6j and v = 4i + 9j, we can proceed with the calculation:
u · v = (2 * 4) + (6 * 9) = 8 + 54 = 62
||v||^2 = (4^2) + (9^2) = 16 + 81 = 97
Projection of u onto v = (62 / 97) * (4i + 9j)
Therefore, the projection of vector u onto vector v is (62/97) times the vector (4i + 9j).
For more questions like Vector click the link below:
https://brainly.com/question/31265178
#SPJ11
Big dogs: A veterinarian claims that the mean weight of adult German shepherd dogs is 75 pounds. A test is made ofHo: μ-75 versus Hi : μ > 75, The null hypothesis is rejected. State an appropriate conclusion. There (select) enough evidence to conclude that the mean weight is (select) 75 pounds.
Since the null hypothesis was rejected, we can conclude that there is enough evidence to suggest that the mean weight of adult German shepherd dogs is greater than 75 pounds.
However, we cannot conclusively state that the mean weight is exactly 75 pounds, only that it is likely greater than that value. The alternative hypothesis (Hi: μ > 75) supports this conclusion, indicating that the true mean weight is likely higher than the claimed value of 75 pounds.
It is important to note that further research and analysis may be necessary to determine a more precise estimate of the mean weight of adult German shepherds.
To know more about null hypothesis refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/30821298
#SPJ11
An advertisement firm reports that the proportion of consumers who respond favorably to a certain advertisement is 0.70. Three simulations, A, B, and C, were designed to create a sampling distribution of a sample proportion from a population with proportion 0.70. Each simulation consisted of 2,500 trials. For each trial of a simulation, a sample of size n was selected at random, and the sample proportion was recorded. The value of n varied among the simulations. The following histograms summarize the results of the simulations. Simulation A Relative Frequency 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 Relative Frequency 0.68 0.72 0.69 0.70 0.71 Simulation C Relative Frequency 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 .Which of the following lists the simulations in order from the least sample size n to the greatest sample size n ? A) Simulation A, simulation B, simulation C B) Simulation A, simulation C, simulation B C) Simulation B, simulation A, simulation C Simulation B, simulation C, simulation A D) Simulation C, simulation A, simulation B
Based on this information, we can conclude that the order of simulations from the least sample size (n) to the greatest sample size (n) is:
C) Simulation B, simulation A, simulation C
Based on the given information, we can determine the order of simulations from the least sample size (n) to the greatest sample size (n) by examining the histograms.
Looking at the histograms, we can see that the relative frequencies for each simulation are centered around the population proportion of 0.70.
However, we need to consider the relative frequencies that are closest to 0.70, as they indicate the simulations with sample sizes closest to the population size.
Comparing the histograms, we can see that the relative frequency closest to 0.70 in Simulation A is 0.69. In Simulation C, the relative frequency closest to 0.70 is also 0.70.
However, in Simulation B, the relative frequency closest to 0.70 is 0.80.
To learn more about simulations go to :
https://brainly.com/question/2166921
#SPJ11
HELP!! PLS
Find the values of x and y in parallelogram PQRS.
PT=y, TR= 2x + 1, QT=3y. TS = 3x +9
Step-by-step explanation:
In a parallelogram, opposite sides are equal and parallel. Therefore,
QT = PS = 3y ...(1)
PT + TR = PS
y + 2x + 1 = 3x + 9
2x - y = 4 .....(2)
PR = QT = 3y
PR = SQ = 3x + 9 ....(3)
From equations (1) and (3), we can see that:
3y = 3x + 9
y = x + 3
Substitute this value of y in equation (2):
2x - (x + 3) = 4
x = 7
To find the value of y, we can substitute x = 7 in equation (2):
2(7) - y = 4
y = 10
Therefore, x = 7 and y = 10.