a. The completed table is as follows:
Output (Y) Planned Expenditure (Y_PAE) Y=PAE?
14000 9,250 No
14200 9,525 No
14400 9,800 No
14600 10,075 No
14800 10,350 No
b. Short-run level of equilibrium output: The short-run level of equilibrium output cannot be determined based on the information provided. Additional calculations or specific values are needed to find the equilibrium output where Y=PAE.
c. In this case, the output gap can be calculated as follows:
Output gap = 15,000 - Y
d. Okun's law provides an empirical relationship between changes in the output gap and changes in the unemployment rate.
a. To complete the table, we substitute the given values of output (Y) into the consumption function (C = 2,000 + 0.75(Y - T)) and add investment (Ip = 900), government spending (G = 2,000), and net exports (NX = 200). We compare the planned expenditure (Y_PAE) to the output (Y) to determine if they are equal (Y = PAE) or not.
b. The short-run level of equilibrium output cannot be determined without additional calculations or specific values.
c. The output gap represents the difference between the potential output (Y*) and the actual output (Y). In this case, the output gap is given by Y* - Y, where Y* is the potential output (15,000) and Y is the actual output. However, since the actual output is not provided, we cannot calculate the output gap.
d. Okun's law relates changes in the output gap to changes in the unemployment rate. Without the output gap or specific values, we cannot determine the actual unemployment rate using Okun's law.
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Tropetech Inc. has an expected net operating profit after taxes, EBIT(1 – T), of $2,400 million in the coming year. In addition, the firm is expected to have net capital expenditures of $360 million, and net operating working capital (NOWC) is expected to increase by $45 million. How much free cash flow (FCF) is Tropetech Inc. expected to generate over the next year?
A. $2,715 million
B. $43,481 million
C. $2,085 million
D. $1,995 million
Tropetech Inc. is expected to generate a free cash flow (FCF) of $1,995 million over the next year. The correct option is D.
A financial metric known as free cash flow measures the amount of cash that a company or project generates after deducting all operating costs, capital expenditures and adjustments to working capital. It gauges how much money a business has available for different uses like dividend payments, debt reduction, or reinvestment and other strategic initiatives.
FCF = Operating Cash Flow - Capital Expenditures
here, the net operating profit after taxes = (EBIT(1 - T))
Free Cash Flow (FCF) = EBIT(1 - T) - Net Capital Expenditures - Change in Net Operating Working Capital
EBIT(1 - T) = $2,400 million
Net Capital Expenditures = $360 million
Change in Net Operating Working Capital = $45 million
FCF = $2,400 million - $360 million - $45 million
FCF = $1,995 million
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Suppose that the same tax is imposed across two competitive markets - A and B. You know that across the two markets supply and demand are linear, and that in market A tax revenue is larger than in market B. Compare the dead weight loss across the two markets.
If the same tax is imposed across two competitive markets A and B where across the two markets supply and demand are linear and in market A tax revenue is larger than in market B, the deadweight loss is higher in market A compared to market B.
A deadweight loss is the amount of welfare loss that results when the level of output is not at its Pareto efficient point. Deadweight loss occurs when taxes or subsidies change the quantity traded in a market from the most efficient outcome.
Therefore, when the same tax is imposed across two competitive markets, the deadweight loss will be higher in the market where tax revenue is larger, which is market A in this scenario since in market A tax revenue is larger than in market B. As a result, it is important to take into account the size of the tax revenue when comparing the deadweight loss across the two markets.
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you are a gen y employee, and you have noticed that your boomer colleague seems to resist your ideas. he gets particularly huffy after meetings where you've spoken up and the boss has praised your contribution. you're starting to think that he's jealous of you and are afraid that your colleague will put a road block in your career path. you want to get along with him, but you're not sure where to start. what is your best move?
To improve your relationship with a boomer colleague who seems resistant and potentially jealous, seek common ground, communicate openly, show respect and appreciation, offer assistance and support, and build a network beyond formal work settings.
When dealing with a situation where a boomer colleague seems resistant to your ideas and potentially jealous of your contributions, it's important to approach the situation with empathy, understanding, and a willingness to build a positive working relationship. Here are some steps you can take to improve your relationship with your boomer colleague:
Seek common ground: Look for shared interests or topics that you both can connect on. This could be related to work, hobbies, or personal experiences. Finding common ground can help create a foundation for a positive working relationship.
Communicate openly: Initiate conversations with your colleague to understand their perspective and concerns. Be a good listener and show genuine interest in their ideas and experiences. Open and respectful communication can help bridge the generation gap and build trust.
Show respect and appreciation: Acknowledge your colleague's experience and expertise. Recognize their contributions and publicly express gratitude for their work. Showing respect and appreciation can help alleviate feelings of jealousy and foster a more collaborative environment.
Offer assistance and support: Be proactive in offering assistance to your colleague when needed. Offer your skills, knowledge, or support on projects where you can contribute effectively. By demonstrating your willingness to work together and support their success, you can foster a more positive dynamic.
Build a network: Look for opportunities to engage with your boomer colleague outside of regular work meetings. This could include team-building activities, informal conversations, or lunch breaks. Building a network beyond formal work settings can help develop personal connections and improve working relationships.
Remember that building a positive working relationship takes time and effort. Stay patient, persistent, and authentic in your interactions with your colleague. By focusing on mutual understanding, respect, and collaboration, you can create a more harmonious work environment that benefits both of you.
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Exercise 7-7 Percent of accounts receivable method LO P3 Mazie Supply Co. uses the percent of accounts receivable method. On December 31, it has outstanding accounts receivable of $54,000, and it estimates that 5% will be uncollectible. Prepare the year-end adjusting entry to record bad debts expense under the assumption that the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has: (a) a $918 credit balance before the adjustment. (b) a $270 debit balance before the adjustment. View transaction list Journal entry worksheet 1 2 Prepare the year-end adjusting entry to record bad debts expense under the assumption that the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a $918 credit balance before the adjustment. Note: Enter debits before credits. Transaction (a) General Journal Debit Credit Journal entry worksheet < 1 N Prepare the year-end adjusting entry to record bad debts expense under the assumption that the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a $270 debit balance before the adjustment. Note: Enter debits before credits. Transaction (b) General Journal Debit Credit
Mazie Supply Co. uses the percent of accounts receivable method, and it has outstanding accounts receivable of $54,000. It expects 5% of accounts receivable to be uncollectible. The year-end adjusting entry for bad debts expense would be recorded if the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a $918 credit balance before the adjustment.
The year-end adjusting entry for bad debts expense would be recorded if the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a $270 debit balance before the adjustment.
Mazie Supply Co. is using the percent of accounts receivable method, which calculates the amount of bad debts expense based on the company's total accounts receivable balance.
The company has $54,000 in accounts receivable outstanding, and it anticipates that 5% of this balance will be uncollectible.
This indicates that the firm expects $2,700 in bad debts expense for the year.
Under the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts, the firm can keep track of its potential bad debts and maintain accurate financial records.
If the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a $918
credit balance before the adjustment, the year-end adjusting entry for bad debts expense would be:
Bad Debts Expense 1,782
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts 1,782(To record year-end bad debts expense)
If the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a $270 debit balance before the adjustment,
the year-end adjusting entry for bad debts expense would be:
Bad Debts Expense 648
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts 648(To record year-end bad debts expense)
Mazie Supply Co. uses the percent of accounts receivable method to calculate its bad debts expense. It estimates that 5% of accounts receivable will be uncollectible, resulting in a $2,700 bad debts expense for the year. The year-end adjusting entry for bad debts expense would be recorded if the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a $918 credit balance before the adjustment. Similarly, if the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a $270 debit balance before the adjustment, the year-end adjusting entry for bad debts expense would be recorded.
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Answer the following questions on the basis of the three sets of data for the country of North Vaudeville:
(A) (B) (C)
Price Level Real GDP Price Level Real GDP Price Level Real GDP
110 225 110 275 100 200
100 225 100 250 100 225
95 225 95 225 100 250
90 225 90 200 100 275
a. Which set of data illustrates aggregate supply in the immediate short-run in North Vaudeville?
b. Which set of data illustrates aggregate supply in the short-run in North Vaudeville?
c. Which set of data illustrates aggregate supply in the long-run in North Vaudeville?
d. Assuming no change in hours of work, if real output per hour of work increases by 5 percent, what will be the new levels of real GDP in the right column of B?
e. Does the new data reflect an increase in aggregate supply or does it indicate a decrease in aggregate supply?
set C represents aggregate supply in the immediate short-run, set A represents aggregate supply in the short run, and Set B represents aggregate supply in the long run. The new data in set B reflects an increase in aggregate supply due to an increase in real output per hour of work.
a. Set C illustrates aggregate supply in the immediate short-run in North Vaudeville. This is because the price level remains constant at 100 across all data points, while real GDP fluctuates.
b. Set A illustrates aggregate supply in the short-run in North Vaudeville. In this set, there is a positive relationship between the price level and real GDP. As the price level increases, real GDP also increases.
c. Set B illustrates aggregate supply in the long run in North Vaudeville. In this set, the price level remains constant at 100, indicating that the economy has reached a state of equilibrium in the long run. Changes in the price level no longer have an impact on real GDP.
d. To calculate the new levels of real GDP in the right column of set B, we need to increase the real output per hour of work by 5 percent. Assuming the original real GDP values are 225, 250, 225, and 275, the new real GDP values will be 236.25, 262.50, 236.25, and 288.75, respectively. These values are obtained by multiplying the original values by 1.05.
e. The new data reflects an increase in aggregate supply. As the real output per hour of work increases by 5 percent, the economy is able to produce more goods and services at every price level. This indicates an expansion of aggregate supply, representing an increase in the economy's productive capacity.
In summary, set C represents aggregate supply in the immediate short-run, set A represents aggregate supply in the short run, and set B represents aggregate supply in the long run. The new data in set B reflects an increase in aggregate supply due to an increase in real output per hour of work.
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Your marginal tax rate (federal and state combined) is 31%. The yield to maturity on a corporate bond is 2.5%. What yield must be offered by an in-state municipal bond to make you indifferent?
The in-state municipal bond would need to offer a yield of approximately 1.725% to make you indifferent between investing in the corporate bond with a 2.5% yield after considering your marginal tax rate of 31%.
o make you indifferent between investing in a corporate bond with a yield to maturity of 2.5% and an in-state municipal bond, we need to find the yield offered by the municipal bond that is equivalent to a 2.5% yield after accounting for your marginal tax rate of 31%.
The formula to calculate the equivalent tax-adjusted yield is:
Tax-adjusted yield = Municipal bond yield / (1 - Marginal tax rate)
Tax-adjusted yield = Municipal bond yield / (1 - 0.31)
To solve for the municipal bond yield, we rearrange the formula:
Municipal bond yield = Tax-adjusted yield * (1 - Marginal tax rate)
Municipal bond yield = 2.5% * (1 - 0.31)
Municipal bond yield ≈ 2.5% * 0.69
Municipal bond yield ≈ 1.725%
Therefore, the in-state municipal bond would need to offer a yield of approximately 1.725% to make you indifferent between investing in the corporate bond with a 2.5% yield after considering your marginal tax rate of 31%.
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which environmental influences on the decision process seem to have been most important to mcdonald’s when it decided to honor apple pay?
The most important environmental influence for McDonald's decision to honor Apple Pay was the increasing consumer demand for convenient and contactless payment options.
When McDonald's decided to honor Apple Pay, several environmental influences likely played important roles in their decision-making process. The following factors could be considered as key environmental influences:
1. Technological advancements: The increasing adoption of mobile payment systems, including Apple Pay, influenced McDonald's decision. With the growing popularity of mobile payment options among consumers, McDonald's recognized the need to cater to evolving customer preferences and stay competitive in the market.
2. Consumer demand and behavior: The changing habits and expectations of consumers played a significant role. McDonald's likely observed a rising demand for convenient and contactless payment options. By honoring Apple Pay, McDonald's could offer a seamless and secure payment experience to customers, aligning with their preferences and enhancing customer satisfaction.
3. Competitive landscape: Analyzing the actions of competitors within the fast-food industry would have been important for McDonald's decision. If rival companies were already accepting Apple Pay or other mobile payment solutions, it would have put pressure on McDonald's to adopt similar options to remain competitive and not lose market share.
4. Partnership with Apple: McDonald's decision to honor Apple Pay could be influenced by a strategic partnership or collaboration with Apple. Such partnerships can offer benefits like brand association, cross-promotion, and access to a broader customer base, potentially driving increased customer traffic and revenue.
5. Brand image and customer perception: McDonald's may have considered the impact of accepting Apple Pay on its brand image and customer perception. By aligning with a reputable and innovative brand like Apple, McDonald's could enhance its image as a technologically progressive and customer-centric company, appealing to a broader range of consumers.
It's important to note that the specific influences and considerations within McDonald's decision-making process can vary, and the importance of each factor may differ based on internal strategies, market research, and consumer insights available to the company.
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using the where clause, filter the invoice table to find the invoices dated prior to january 19th, 2009. identify the invoice date closest to that invoice.
To find the invoices dated prior to January 19th, 2009, the WHERE clause can be used. The closest invoice date to that invoice can then be identified.
To filter the invoice table for invoices dated prior to January 19th, 2009, we can use the WHERE clause in a SQL query. The WHERE clause allows us to specify a condition for filtering rows. In this case, we would use the condition "invoice_date < '2009-01-19'". This condition will retrieve all rows where the invoice_date is earlier than January 19th, 2009. Once we have the filtered results, we can then determine the invoice date closest to the specified date by comparing the invoice dates in the result set.
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To filter the invoice table and find the invoices dated prior to January 19th, 2009, use the WHERE clause. To identify the invoice date closest to that invoice, use the MIN() and ABS() functions.
Explanation:To filter the invoice table and find the invoices dated prior to January 19th, 2009 using the WHERE clause in SQL, you can use the following query:
SELECT * FROM invoice WHERE invoice_date < '2009-01-19';To identify the invoice date closest to that invoice, you can use the MIN() function with the ABS() function to calculate the absolute difference between the invoice dates and select the minimum value. Here's an example:
SELECT MIN(ABS(DATEDIFF('2009-01-19', invoice_date))), invoice_date FROM invoice WHERE invoice_date < '2009-01-19';This will return the invoice date closest to January 19th, 2009.
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describe the guilds. who made up their membership and what was their influence on the business practices of the late middle ages.
Explanation :
In the late Middle Ages, guilds were organizations that regulated and controlled the economic activity of a particular craft or trade. They were comprised of skilled workers, including merchants, craftsmen, and artisans. The guilds' membership was divided into three categories: apprentice, journeyman, and master.
The apprentices were individuals who were in the early stages of learning the trade and were required to work for masters and to live in their homes. Journeymen, on the other hand, were experienced workers who had completed their apprenticeship and were allowed to work for themselves, although they could not own a business.
Finally, the masters were individuals who had completed their training and had demonstrated their mastery of the trade. They were allowed to own businesses and train apprentices. The guilds had a significant influence on business practices during the late Middle Ages.
They were responsible for setting standards for the quality of goods produced by their members and for regulating the price of goods. They also helped to create a sense of community among their members and provided a social safety net by offering assistance to members who were in need. The guilds played a critical role in the economy of the time by ensuring that the trades they represented maintained their quality and integrity.
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Morrison Manufacturing produces casings for sewing machines: large and small. To produce the different casings, equipment must be set up. The setup cost per production run is $18,000 for either casing. The cost of carrying small casings in inventory is $6 per casing per year; the cost of large casings is $18 per unit per year. To satisfy demand, the company produces 2,400,000 small casings and 800,000 large casings. Required: 1. Compute the number of small casings that should be produced per setup to minimize total setup and carrying costs. 2. Compute the setup, carrying, and total costs associated with the economic order quantity for the small casings. 3. What data analytic type was used in Requirement 1 (descriptive, diagnostic, predictive, or prescriptive)? Justify your selection. See Exhibits 2.5 and 2.6, pp. 37, 40, for a brief review of data analytics. 4. Suppose that Morrison's production engineer indicates that he has a method to reduce setup time; consequently, he predicts the setup cost will be reduced to $180. What will be the EOQ if this method works as predicted? Now indicate what data analytic type is being used.
1. The number of small casings that should be produced per setup to minimize total setup and carrying costs is 40,000. Here’s how to compute it:EOQ for small casings = √[(2 × 2,400,000 × $18,000) ÷ $6]= √[19,200,000] = 4,384 units per order
The total number of small casings produced per year is 2,400,000. Therefore, the number of setups per year required to produce this amount is 2,400,000 ÷ 4,384 = 547 setups.The total carrying cost for small casings is ($6 × 2,400,000) ÷ 2 = $7,200,000.The total setup cost is $18,000 × 547 = $9,846,000.Total cost = $7,200,000 + $9,846,000 = $17,046,000Carrying cost per unit of small casings = $6.\
The setup, carrying, and total costs associated with the economic order quantity for small casings are:EOQ for small casings = √[(2 × 2,400,000 × $18,000) ÷ $6]= √[19,200,000] = 4,384 units per orderTotal carrying cost for small casings = ($6 × 4,384) ÷ 2 = $13,152Total setup cost for small casings = $18,000Total cost = $13,152 + $18,000 = $31,1523. The data analytic type used in Requirement 1 is prescriptive.
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Describe differential pricing using graphs, (B) Explain how a company that has limited capacity (production capacity /hotel rooms/ aircraft seats) can use pricing based on a) separate allocation of capacity to different segments, and b) dynamic pricing (pricing based on available capacity).
Differential pricing refers to a strategy that involves charging different prices for similar goods or services to various groups of customers. This strategy is common in businesses that have limited production capacity.
The goal is to maximize revenue and profitability by balancing supply and demand, allowing businesses to extract more value from customers willing to pay more and price discriminate against price-sensitive customers by offering lower prices. Here is how a company with limited capacity can use pricing to maximize profitability:
A) Separate allocation of capacity to different segments
The first way a company can use pricing to allocate capacity is by segmenting customers into different groups and allocating a certain capacity for each segment. The company can then charge different prices for each segment based on the value of the service to each group.
For example, an airline company can allocate a specific number of seats for different segments such as business, leisure, and economy class. Since business travelers are willing to pay more, the airline can charge higher prices for business class seats while offering lower prices for leisure and economy class seats.
B) Dynamic pricing (pricing based on available capacity)Another pricing strategy is dynamic pricing. It is a strategy that involves changing prices based on real-time market demand and supply. In other words, a company with limited capacity can adjust its prices based on the number of customers willing to buy its product or service at a particular time. The strategy is especially beneficial for industries that experience a surge in demand at specific times of the day, week, or year. For instance, hotels can adjust their prices based on the demand for rooms at different times of the day or year.To summarize, differential pricing, separate allocation of capacity to different segments, and dynamic pricing are all strategies that companies can use to maximize revenue and profitability in businesses with limited capacity. These strategies allow companies to charge different prices to different customer segments, balance supply and demand, and price discriminate against price-sensitive customers.
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A company manufactures a single product. Unit costs are: $ / unit Variable production 14.75 Fixed production 8.10 Variable selling 2.40 Fixed selling 5.35 400,000 units of the product were manufactured in a period, during which 394,000 units were sold. There was no inventory of the product at the beginning of the period. Using marginal costing, what is the total value of the finished goods inventory at the end of the period? I $88,500 $102,900 $137,100 $183,600
The total value of the finished goods inventory at the end of the period using marginal costing is $88,500.
Given, Unit costs are: $ / unit Variable production 14.75
Fixed production 8.10Variable selling 2.40
Fixed selling 5.35
We have to calculate the total value of the finished goods inventory at the end of the period using marginal costing. We can find it by following the steps:Calculate the variable cost per unit.
Variable cost per unit = Variable production + Variable selling = $14.75 + $2.40 = $17.15 per unit
Calculate the total variable cost of manufacturing the product.
Total variable cost = Variable cost per unit × Number of units manufactured= $17.15 per unit × 400,000 units= $6,860,000
Calculate the contribution margin per unit. Contribution margin per unit = Selling price per unit – Variable cost per unit = $28.50 – $17.15 = $11.35
Calculate the total contribution margin of all units sold.
Total contribution margin = Contribution margin per unit × Number of units sold= $11.35 per unit × 394,000 units= $4,471,900
Calculate the total fixed cost. Total fixed cost = Fixed production cost + Fixed selling cost= $8.10 + $5.35 = $13.45 per unit
Calculate the net profit of all units sold. Net profit = Total contribution margin – Total fixed cost= $4,471,900 - $13.45 × 394,000 units= $4,471,900 - $5,301,800= -$829,900
The negative profit indicates that all fixed costs could not be covered by the contribution margin.
However, the inventory will still cover the variable manufacturing costs of all products that could not be sold, hence the value of finished goods inventory at the end of the period is equal to the total variable cost of manufacturing the products that remain unsold.
So, the total value of the finished goods inventory at the end of the period is:
Total value of the finished goods inventory = (Total units manufactured – Total units sold) × Variable cost per unit= (400,000 – 394,000) × $14.75= 6,000 × $14.75= $88,500
Thus, the total value of the finished goods inventory at the end of the period using marginal costing is $88,500.
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PIZ-9A. Statement of Cash Flows (Direct Method) Refer to the data given for the Sky Company in Prob- lem P12-4A. Required Calculate the change in cash that occurred in 2019. a. b. Prepare a statement of cash flows using the direct method. Use one cash outflow for "cash paid for wages and other operating expenses." Accounts payable relate to inventory purchases only. LO4 (Appendix 12A) X CHAN a. Cash, December 31, 2019 Cash, December 31, 2018 Cash increase during 2019 Supporting computations: Cash received from customers: Cash received as dividends $800,000 sales - $10,000 A/R increase = $790,000 Cash paid for merchandise purchased An Insert lines as necessary SSS Example: I 63,000 (29,000) 34,000 1 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 120 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 Cash paid for wages and other operating expenses Cash paid for interest: Cash paid for income taxes Sale of investments Purchase of land I B Improvement to buildings Sale of equipment Issuance of bonds Acquisition of patent in exchange for preferred stock Insurrance of common stock (two purchases) x✓ fx B Payment of dividends Other Analysis E Long-term investments - available for sale decreased by $50,000, which is the cost of the investments sold. Fair value adjustment to investments decreased by $7,000, due to the elimination of this account balance at year-end (this was the adjustment related to the investments sold; no cash flow effect. I Accumulated depreciation - buildings increased $16,000, which is the depreciation expense on the buildings. Equipment decreased by $46,000, which is the cost of equipment sold Accumulated depreciation - equipment decreased by $4,000, which is the Sheets netd Sky Company Statement of Cash Flows For Year Ended December 31, 2019 Cash flow from operating activities Cash received from customeres cash received as dividends Cash paid for merchandise purchased Cash paid for wages and other operating expense Cash paid for interest Cash paid for income taxes Cash provided by operating activities Cash flow from investing activities Sale of investments Purchase of land Improvements to building Sale of equipment Cash used by investing activities Shootd Sheets Chuan *** x✓ fx B C D E Cash used by investing activities Cash flow from financing activities Issuance of bonds payable Issuance of common stock Payment of dividends Cash provided by financing activities Net increase in cash Cash at beginning of year Cash at end of year F G H S
Here is the statement of cash flows for Sky Company using the direct method, in 140 words:
The statement of cash flowsSky Company Statement of Cash Flows
For the Year Ended December 31, 2019
(In thousands of dollars)
Cash flows from operating activities:
* Cash received from customers $790
* Cash paid for merchandise purchased $630
* Cash paid for wages and other operating expenses $340
* Cash paid for interest $29
* Cash paid for income taxes $10
* Net cash provided by operating activities $1,181
Cash flows from investing activities:
* Sale of investments $50
* Purchase of land $46
* Improvements to buildings $20
* Sale of equipment $4
* Net cash used by investing activities $30
Cash flows from financing activities:
* Issuance of bonds payable $100
* Issuance of common stock $20
* Payment of dividends $10
* Net cash provided by financing activities $110
Net increase in cash $201
Cash at the beginning of year $100
Cash at end of year $301
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Until last year, French-based Option the world's fifth-biggest retail and service group by sales, owned and operated U.S. Foodservice, a catering company. With 27,000 employees and 70 distribution centers throughout the United States, U.S. Foodservice delivers food to retailers as large as McDonald's Corporation and as small as neighborhood delis. One of the major problems between the two companies and one of the reasons why Option finally sold U.S. Foodservice was __________________which prevented the two companies from communicating with each other in an effective manner.
cross-cultural communication the absence of a formal grapevine kinetic communication 4 jargon affective communication benchmarking
Cross-cultural communication issues hindered effective communication between Option and U.S. Foodservice, leading to the eventual sale of the latter.
One of the major problems between the two companies and one of the reasons why Option finally sold U.S. Foodservice was cross-cultural communication which prevented the two companies from communicating with each other in an effective manner.
Cross-cultural communication is the major problem between the two companies and one of the reasons why Option finally sold U.S. Foodservice which prevented the two companies from communicating with each other in an effective manner.
U.S. Foodservice was owned and operated by French-based Option which is the world's fifth-biggest retail and service group by sales. U.S. Foodservice has 27,000 employees and 70 distribution centers throughout the United States and delivers food to retailers as large as McDonald's Corporation and as small as neighborhood delis.
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Eva invested in two stocks. She put 57% into stock A, which has an expected return of 8.7%, and the rest into stock B, with an expected return of 17.4%. What is the expected return of her portfolio? (Note: Round your answer to 3 decimal places. For example, if your answer is 8.7%, you should write 0.087 in the answer box. DO NOT write 8.7 in the box as you will be marked wrong)
The expected return of the portfolio held by Eva, given the returns on the two stocks, can be found to be 12. 441 %.
How to find the expected return ?Eva invested 57 % of her portfolio in stock A and the remaining 43% in stock B .
Expected Return of Portfolio = ( Weight of Stock A x Expected Return of Stock A ) + ( Weight of Stock B x Expected Return of Stock B )
Weight of Stock A = 57% = 0. 57
Weight of Stock B = 43% = 0. 43
Expected Return of Stock A = 8 .7 %
Expected Return of Stock B = 17. 4 %
Expected Return of Portfolio = (0. 57 x 8.7 % ) + ( 0.43 x 17.4% )
Expected Return of Portfolio = 0. 04959 + 0. 07482
Expected Return of Portfolio = 0. 12441
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You received no credit for this question in the previous attempt. Assume a firm's flotation costs are 7.8 percent of the funding need. Accordingly, when analyzing capital projects, the firm's managers should: Multiple Choice increase the initial project cost by dividing that cost by (1-.078). add 7.8 percent to the company's firm's WACC to determine the discount rate for the project. increase the initial project cost by multiplying that cost by 1.078. increase the project's discount rate to offset these expenses by multiplying the company's WACC by 1.078. increase the project's discount rate to offset these expenses by dividing the company's WACC by (1-.078).
Adding the flotation cost to the company's WACC to determine the discount rate for the project or increasing the project's discount rate to offset these expenses by multiplying the company's WACC by 1.078 are incorrect as they don't help to offset these expenses. Hence, the correct answer is "increase the initial project cost by dividing that cost by (1-.078)".
Flotation cost can be defined as the costs related to issuing new security, such as the cost of printing and engraving the security, fees paid to lawyers, accountants and investment bankers, and many other costs. The primary purpose of flotation cost is to analyze the cost of new capital and how much a company can raise by issuing new security. It is calculated as a percentage of the issue price.According to the given statement, assume that a firm's flotation cost is 7.8 percent of the funding need. Hence, the correct answer is "increase the initial project cost by dividing that cost by (1-.078)".The reason for this is that the flotation cost is a charge against the company's earnings and is considered a business expense. As a result, to offset these expenses, the firm's managers should raise the project's initial cost by dividing that cost by (1-.078). This will assist the company in calculating the net proceeds from a security offering and estimating the actual cost of issuing new security.In addition, adding the flotation cost to the company's WACC to determine the discount rate for the project or increasing the project's discount rate to offset these expenses by multiplying the company's WACC by 1.078 are incorrect as they don't help to offset these expenses.For more such questions on discount rate, click on:
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Adrienne is a single mother with a 6-year-old daughter who lived with her during the entire year. Adrienne paid $2,400 in child care expenses so that she would be able to work. Of this amount, $500 was paid to Adrienne’s mother whom Adrienne cannot claim as a dependent. Adrienne had net earnings of $2,800 from her jewelry business. In addition, she received child-support payments of $20,800 from her ex-husband.
Use the appropriate tax tables or tax rate schedules.
Adjusted gross income Applicable income
$15,000 or less 35%
15,001 – 17,000 34
17,001 – 19,000 33
19,001 – 21,000 32
21,001 – 23,000 31
23,001 – 25,000 30
25,001 – 27,000 29
27,001 – 29,000 28
29,001 – 31,000 27
31,001 – 33,000 26
33,001 – 35,000 25
35,001 – 37,000 24
37,001 – 39,000 23
39,000 – 41,000 22
41,001 – 43,000 21
43,001 or more 20
What amount, if any, of child and dependent care tax credit can Adrienne claim? (Round your final answers to 2 decimal places.)
Adrienne can claim a child and dependent care tax credit of $570.
How much child care tax credit?To determine the amount of the dependent and child care tax credit that Adrienne can claim, we need to calculate her allowable expenses and her adjusted gross income (AGI).
1. Allowable Expenses:
Adrienne paid a total of $2,400 in child care expenses, but $500 was paid to her mother, who cannot be claimed as a dependent. Therefore, the allowable expenses for the child and dependent care tax credit is $2,400 - $500 = $1,900.
2. Adjusted Gross Income (AGI):
Adrienne's AGI is calculated by adding her net earnings from her jewelry business and the child-support payments she received:
AGI = Net earnings + Child-support payments
AGI = $2,800 + $20,800
AGI = $23,600
Now, let's determine the applicable tax rate based on Adrienne's AGI.
Adrienne's AGI falls in the range of $23,001 to $25,000, which has a tax rate of 30%.
Next, we need to calculate the maximum allowable expenses based on Adrienne's AGI.
Maximum Allowable Expenses:
Maximum allowable expenses = AGI x 20%
Maximum allowable expenses = $23,600 x 20% = $4,720
Since Adrienne's allowable expenses ($1,900) are less than the maximum allowable expenses ($4,720), she can claim the full amount of her allowable expenses.
Finally, we can calculate the child and dependent care tax credit.
Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit:
Tax credit = Allowable expenses x Applicable tax rate
Tax credit = $1,900 x 30% = $570
Therefore, Adrienne can claim a child and dependent care tax credit of $570.
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You have been the finance director of a Gulf International Pipe Industry, for ten years. Its yearend is 31st December 2021, and you are finalizing the year end accounts. You have recently been advised by the warehouse manager of a significant level of slow-moving stock. The stock in question is now more than nine months old and would normally have been written down some months previously. The shareholders of Gulf International Pipe Industry are trying to sell the company, and the managing director (the majority shareholder) has told you that it is not necessary to write down the stock in the year end accounts. You are sure that the managing director wants the financial statements to carry an inflated stock valuation because he has found a prospective buyer. The managing director has indicated to you that, if the proposed deal is successful, all employees will keep their jobs and you will receive a pay increase. a) Identify the professional code of ethics related this case and explain how is it related? b) Specify the threat associated with this case. Justify it. c) How do you manage the situation?
The professional code of ethics related to this case is the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants.
Specifically, the sections relevant to this case are the fundamental principles of integrity, objectivity, professional competence and due care, and professional behavior. These principles guide accountants in performing their duties with integrity, independence, and in the best interests of their clients or employers. In this case, the managing director's request to inflate the stock valuation violates the principle of integrity, which requires accountants to be straightforward and honest in all professional and business relationships.
The threat associated with this case is a self-interest threat. The managing director's request to inflate the stock valuation is driven by self-interest, as it aims to present a more favorable financial position to the prospective buyer and increase the likelihood of a successful deal. This threat arises when the personal or financial interests of an individual, such as the managing director, create a conflict with their professional duties and responsibilities. In this situation, the managing director's self-interest threatens the integrity and objectivity of the financial statements.To manage this situation, as the finance director, it is crucial to adhere to ethical principles and act in the best interests of the company and its stakeholders. First, gather all relevant information and evidence regarding the slow-moving stock and the managing director's request. This will help in presenting a factual and objective case for the appropriate treatment of the stock in the year-end accounts.
Next, engage in a professional dialogue with the managing director, emphasizing the importance of accurate financial reporting and the potential legal and ethical consequences of misrepresenting the stock valuation. Highlight the principles of integrity, objectivity, and professional competence to reinforce the need for fair presentation.
If the managing director persists in his request, it is advisable to seek guidance from the company's board of directors or an external authority, such as an accounting regulatory body or an ethics hotline. Whistleblower protection laws may safeguard you against any retaliation.
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During February, Alexander Inc. worked on two jobs with the following data: Job 12 Job 13 Units in each order 100 200 Units Sold 100 -- Raw materials requisitioned (Feb 3) $2,480 $1,970 Direct labor hours 820 hrs 1,166 hrs. Direct labor cost (ending Feb 28) $12,300 $17,490 Overhead is assigned on the basis of direct labor hours at a rate of $12. During February, Job 12 was completed and transferred to finished goods. Job 13 is the only unfinished job at the end of the month. 1. Prepare the journal entry for using the requisitioned raw materials. (3 pts) Date Account Debit Credit 2. Prepare the journal entry for all direct labor costs for the month. Assume workers have not yet been paid. (3 pts) Date Account Debit Credit 3. Prepare the journal entry to show Job 12 being completed and transferred to finished goods (3 points) Date Account Debit Credit
1. The journal entry for using the requisitioned raw materials will be as follows:Date Account Debit Credit Feb. 3 Raw Materials Inventory$2,480 Job 12 Work in Process$1,970 Job 13 Work in Process$510 The raw materials are requisitioned and transferred to both Job 12 and Job 13.
2.The journal entry for all direct labor costs for the month assuming workers have not yet been paid will be as follows:Date Account Debit Credit Feb. 28 Work in Process – Job 12$12,300 Work in Process – Job 13$17,490 Wages Payable$29,790 Direct labor costs are tracked separately for Job 12 and Job 13.
The wages payable account is also updated to record the total direct labor cost for the month.3. The journal entry to show Job 12 being completed and transferred to finished goods will be as follows:
Date Account Debit Credit Feb. 28 Finished Goods Inventory – Job 12$33,280 Work in Process – Job 12$33,280 When Job 12 is completed, the cost of the job is transferred from Work in Process to Finished Goods Inventory.
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Omar Inc. paid a $24,000 expense, only $18,000 of which was deductible. If Omar's marginal tax rate is 40%, compute the after-tax cost of the expense.
The after-tax cost of the expense for Omar Inc. is $10,800. To calculate the after-tax cost of the expenses, we need to determine the deductible portion and the non-deductible portion of the expense.
In this case, the total expense paid by Omar Inc. is $24,000, out of which only $18,000 is deductible.
The non-deductible portion of the expense is $24,000 - $18,000 = $6,000.
Next, we need to calculate the tax savings on the deductible portion. Since Omar's marginal tax rate is 40%, the tax savings on the deductible portion of $18,000 is 40% * $18,000 = $7,200.
Finally, to find the after-tax cost of the expense, we subtract the tax savings from the total expense. Therefore, the after-tax cost is $24,000 - $7,200 = $10,800.
Hence, the after-tax cost of the expense for Omar Inc. is $10,800.
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Trent is 25 years old and works for a company that matches his 401(k) contribution up to 5%. The interest rate for his 401(k) is 7.3%. If he puts away 10% of his $32,000 salary every year, what would the total of his 401(k) be in 10 years? Round your answer to the nearest cent.
Answer:
The answer is A.
Explanation:
Just took test
Answer:
A
Explanation:
on edge
Is discussing American public education from a conservative
perspective a means of achieving equality of opportunity for
all?
What is the Biden administration's view on K12 education?
Discussing American public education from a conservative perspective can be a way of achieving equality of opportunity for all students, depending on how this perspective is applied. At its core, conservatism values individual liberty, personal responsibility, and limited government intervention.
These values can inform policies that promote school choice, parental involvement in education, and accountability for schools. For instance, a conservative approach might support charter schools, vouchers, or tax credits for families who choose to send their children to private schools, as well as rigorous assessments of school performance to ensure that all schools are held to high standards.
However, it is important to note that conservative policies are not a panacea for all the problems in American education. Some critics argue that these policies can exacerbate inequalities by siphoning resources away from public schools, which disproportionately serve low-income and minority students. Moreover, conservative policies may not address the systemic factors that contribute to educational disparities, such as poverty, discrimination, and inadequate funding for schools.
Regarding the Biden administration's view on K-12 education, there are several key priorities that have been outlined. First, the administration aims to reopen schools safely during the COVID-19 pandemic, recognizing the importance of in-person learning for students' academic and social-emotional development. Second, the administration seeks to address the longstanding disparities in education that affect low-income and minority students, by increasing funding for schools that serve these populations, expanding access to early childhood education, and promoting teacher diversity. Finally, the administration aims to promote innovation in education by investing in STEM education, career and technical education, and community college partnerships. Overall, the Biden administration's view on K-12 education is focused on ensuring that all students have access to high-quality educational opportunities that prepare them for success in the 21st century.
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Pharma Drug Store is a pharmacy in Portland, Maine, owned by Jane Smith, a local pharmacist. Pharma business has been good, but Ms. Smith finds that she frequently runs out of cash. To date, she has dealt with this cash shortfall by delaying payment to the drug suppliers, which is starting to cause problems. Instead of delaying payment, Ms. Smith has decided that she should borrow from the bank to have cash ready when needed. To have an estimate of how much she must borrow over the next three months, she must prepare a cash budget. All of Pharma's sales are made on a cash basis, but drug purchases must be paid for during the following month. Ms. Smith pays herself a salary of $4,800 per month, the rent on her store is $2,000 per month, and a $12,000 payment for taxes is due in December. On December 1, there is $400 cash on hand, but Ms. Smith wants to maintain a target cash balance of $6.000. Pharma's estimated sales are $160,000 for December, $40,000 for January, and $60.000 for February. Estimated drug purchases are $140,000 for November. $40,000 for December, $40,000 for January, and $40,000 for February.
Prepare a cash budget for December, January, and February and find the cumulative surplus cash loan balance at the end of February.
The cash budget for the months of December, January, and February are shown in the table below:Month December January February Opening cash balance4006,4002,000Add collections from customers160,00040,00060,000Total cash available160,40046,40062,000Less payments for drug purchases140,00040,00040,000Total disbursements140,00040,00040,000Closing cash balance20,4006,40022,000
The cumulative surplus cash loan balance at the end of February is $13,600. To prepare the cash budget, the following points are considered: Starting cash balance Target cash balance Collections from customers Payments for drug purchases Opening cash balance The opening cash balance on December 1 is $400.Target cash balance Ms. Smith wants to maintain a minimum balance of $6,000 in her bank account. Collections from customers All sales are on a cash basis, therefore, the entire amount of sales is collected in cash.
The estimated sales for December, January, and February are $160,000, $40,000, and $60,000, respectively. Payments for drug purchases Drug purchases must be paid for during the following month. The estimated purchases for November, December, January, and February are $140,000, $40,000, $40,000, and $40,000, respectively. To prepare the cash budget, all of these factors are used. The cash budget for the months of December, January, and February are shown in the table below: Month December January February Opening cash balance4006,4002,000Add collections from customers160,00040,00060,000Total cash available160,40046,40062,000Less payments for drug purchases140,00040,00040,000Total disbursements140,00040,00040,000Closing cash balance20,4006,40022,000At the end of December, the surplus cash is $20,400 - $6,000 = $14,400At the end of January, the surplus cash is $6,400 - $6,000 = $400At the end of February, the surplus cash is $22,000 - $6,000 = $16,000Therefore, the cumulative surplus cash at the end of February is $14,400 + $400 + $16,000 = $30,800.The cash balance for all three months indicates a positive balance. Therefore, Ms. Smith does not need to borrow any money from the bank. In fact, there is a cumulative surplus of $30,800 at the end of February.
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Ryan wants $54000 after 15 years. The interest rate available on a specific investment, which he is interested in, is 11% per annum. How much he should invest today to receive the desired amount? (Show your calculations)
John has $35000 as savings and he wants to invest them. He has two options to invest in. Option 1: This offers 5% interst rate for 5 years. Options 2: This offers 3% interest rate for 8 years. As an expert of such investments, assist John which option should he choose for his investment. (Show your calculations)
A $1845 face value bond with an 116% coupon rate is issued. What amount of interest will the bondholders receive? (Show your calculations)
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Ryan wants $54000 after 15 years. The interest rate available on a specific investment, which he is interested in, is 11% per annum. he should invest today to receive the desired amount invest approximately $12,897.22
John has $35000 as savings and he wants to invest them John should choose Option 1, which offers a 5% interest rate for 5 years, for his investment.
A $1845 face value bond with an 116% coupon rate is issued .bondholders will receive an interest amount of approximately $2,139.20.
1. Calculating the Investment Amount for Desired Future Value:
To calculate how much Ryan should invest today to receive $54,000 after 15 years with an interest rate of 11% per annum, we can use the formula for calculating the present value of a future amount:
Present Value = Future Value / (1 + Interest Rate)^Number of Periods
Plugging in the values, we get:
Present Value = $54,000 / (1 + 0.11)^15
Calculating this using a calculator or spreadsheet, we find that Ryan should invest approximately $12,897.22 today to receive $54,000 after 15 years.
2. Comparing Investment Options for John:
Option 1 offers a 5% interest rate for 5 years, while Option 2 offers a 3% interest rate for 8 years. To determine which option John should choose, we need to calculate the future value of his savings for each option and compare the results.
Option 1:
Future Value of Option 1 = $35,000 * (1 + 0.05)^5
Calculating this, we find that the future value of Option 1 is approximately $43,856.48.
Option 2:
Future Value of Option 2 = $35,000 * (1 + 0.03)^8
Calculating this, we find that the future value of Option 2 is approximately $41,156.41.
Comparing the future values, we can see that Option 1 offers a higher return, with a future value of $43,856.48 compared to Option 2's future value of $41,156.41. Therefore, John should choose Option 1, which offers a 5% interest rate for 5 years, for his investment.
3. Calculating the Bondholders' Interest:
To calculate the amount of interest the bondholders will receive for a $1,845 face value bond with a 116% coupon rate, we can use the formula:
Interest Amount = Face Value * Coupon Rate
Plugging in the values, we get:
Interest Amount = $1,845 * 116% = $1,845 * 1.16
Calculating this, we find that the bondholders will receive an interest amount of approximately $2,139.20.
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Private saving is given by S=Y-T-C while public saving is given by T-G. In equilibrium, output is equal to demand; Y= Z. If the marginal propensity to save is 0.2, then show, algebraically, that the equilibrium level of output is given by Y = S[c₂ +1+G-0.87].
To show that the equilibrium level of output is given by Y = S[c₂ + 1 + G - 0.87], we can start with the given equations:
Private saving: S = Y - T - C
Public saving: Sₚ = T - G
In equilibrium, the output is equal to demand, so Y = Z. We can substitute the expressions for saving into the equation:
Y = S + Sₚ + C + G
Substituting the expressions for private saving and public saving:
Y = (Y - T - C) + (T - G) + C + G
Simplifying the equation:
Y = Y - T - C + T - G + C + G
The T and -T terms cancel out, and the C and -C terms also cancel out:
Y = Y - G + G
Simplifying further:
Y = Y
This equation shows that the equilibrium level of output Y is equal to itself, which is true by definition. However, this does not match the given equation Y = S[c₂ + 1 + G - 0.87]. Therefore, there appears to be an error or misunderstanding in the provided equation.
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Consider a duopoly in which each firm has a best response function given by: qi = 400 - (1/2)qo , where qi is the output of firm i and qo is the output of the other firm. Suppose the firms form a cartel, whereby each firm agrees to produce one half the monopoly output. In this case, given the other firm colludes, each firm has an incentive to cheat and produce which of the following output levels?
Select one:
a. 300
b. 200
c. 250
d. none of the other choices
The correct option is C. The output levels that each firm has an incentive to cheat and produce is 250.
Consider a duopoly in which each firm has a best response function given by: qi = 400 - (1/2)qo,
where qi is the output of firm i and qo is the output of the other firm.
Suppose the firms form a cartel, whereby each firm agrees to produce one half the monopoly output.
In this case, given the other firm colludes, each firm has an incentive to cheat and produce the output level that is greater than the equilibrium of the collusive outcome, which is 200.
Thus, the output levels that each firm has an incentive to cheat and produce is 250.
Therefore, the answer is c. 250.
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The Sweetwater Candy Company would like to buy a new machine that would automatically "dip" chocolates. The dipping operation currently is done largely by hand. The machine the company is considering costs $200,000. The manufacturer estimates that the machine would be usable for five years but would require the replacement of several key parts at the end of the third year. These parts would cost $10,100, including installation. After five years, the machine could be sold for $9,000. The company estimates that the cost to operate the machine will be $8,100 per year. The present method of dipping chocolates costs $41,000 per year. In addition to reducing costs, the new machine will increase production by 8,000 boxes of chocolates per year. The company realizes a contribution margin of $1.40 per box. A 20% rate of return is required on all investments.
What are the annual net cash inflows that will be provided by the new dipping machine?
Cost of the new machine = $200,000 Cost of replacing parts in the third year = $10,100Selling price of the machine after 5 years = $9,000Cost to operate the machine per year = $8,100Cost of present method per year = $41,000Increase in production = 8,000 boxes per yearContribution Margin = $1.40 per boxRate of return required = 20%
First, let's find the net cash inflows produced by the new dipping machine: Net cash inflows = Annual cash inflow - Annual cash outflow from the given data, Annual cash inflow = Increase in contribution from the new machine per year Annual cash outflow = Cost to operate the new machine per year - (Amount of cost saved by the new machine per year + Depreciation per year)
The cost saved by the new machine per year = Cost of present method per year - Cost to operate the new machine per year depreciation per year = (Cost of the new machine - Selling price of the new machine after 5 years - Cost of replacing parts in the third year) / (Useful life of the machine in years)
Now, substitute the given data in the formulae to find the annual net cash inflows: Cost saved by the new machine per year = $41,000 - $8,100 = $32,900
Depreciation per year = ($200,000 - $9,000 - $10,100) / 5 years = $36,980Annual cash outflow = $8,100 - ($32,900 + $36,980) = -$61,780Annual cash inflow = 8,000 boxes per year x $1.40 per box = $11,200Annual net cash inflows = $11,200 - (-$61,780) = $72,980
Therefore, the annual net cash inflows produced by the new dipping machine is $72,980.
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assume the economy starts to weaken, and the fomc determines that employment is falling short of maximum employment. which of the following would best describe an appropriate policy implementation?
The appropriate policy implementation in the given scenario would be option c: lower the interest on reserve balances rate, ON RRP offering rate, and discount rate.
This policy approach aims to stimulate economic activity and encourage lending by reducing borrowing costs for banks and financial institutions. By lowering interest rates, the Federal Reserve can incentivize banks to lend more to businesses and individuals, which can potentially boost spending and investment in the economy. This, in turn, can help address the falling employment levels and support the goal of achieving maximum employment.
Lowering the interest on reserve balances rate can encourage banks to lend excess reserves rather than holding them at the Federal Reserve. This increases the money supply in circulation, making it easier for businesses to access credit and invest in expansion, leading to job creation. Similarly, reducing the ON RRP (overnight reverse repurchase agreement) offering rate makes it less attractive for financial institutions to park their excess funds with the Federal Reserve, prompting them to seek higher returns through lending and investment. Lastly, decreasing the discount rate, which is the interest rate at which the Federal Reserve lends to banks, can encourage borrowing and liquidity in the financial system, further stimulating economic activity.
In conclusion, in a weakening economy with falling employment levels, an appropriate policy implementation would involve lowering interest rates, including the interest on reserve balances rate, ON RRP offering rate, and discount rate.
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Complete Question:
Assume the economy starts to weaken, and the FOMC determines that employment is falling short of maximum employment. Which of the following would best describe an appropriate policy implementation? a. Raise the interest on reserve balances rate, ON RRP offering rate, and discount rate. b. Use open market operations to decrease the level of reserves in the banking system. c. Lower the interest on reserve balances rate, ON RRP offering rate, and discount rate. d. Lower the interest on reserve balances rate and discount rate, and raise the ON RRP offering rate.
In which of the following cases does the size of the government's debt and the size of the budget deficit indicate potential problems for the economy?
a. The government's debt is relatively low, but the government is running a large budget deficit as it builds a high-speed rail system to connect the major cities of the nation.
b. The government's debt is relatively low, but the government is running a budget deficit to finance the interest payments on the debt.
c. The government's debt is relatively high due to a recently ended deficit-financed war, but the government is now running only a small budget deficit.
d. The government's debt is relatively high, and the government is running a budget deficit to finance new infrastructure spending.
The government's debt and budget deficit indicate potential problems for the economy in the following case: D) The government's debt is relatively high, and the government is running a budget deficit to finance new infrastructure spending.Explanation:Public debt refers to the total amount that a country owes to its lenders in order to cover government spending exceeding the revenues it generates.
Budget deficit is the difference between government spending and revenue.Both debt and budget deficit can harm the economy in various ways. The more a country's debt grows, the more it will need to pay back, putting it at risk of default, and the higher the country's debt-to-GDP ratio will be, making it more vulnerable to economic shocks. If a country runs a budget deficit, it is not generating enough revenue to fund its spending, implying it must raise taxes, cut spending, or borrow, which can cause inflation.
Thus, the correct option is D) The government's debt is relatively high, and the government is running a budget deficit to finance new infrastructure spending.
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if a local bar in downtown san jose which is owned by san jose residents serves alcohol to an obviously intoxicated sjsu student who is minor also residing in san jose, and who thereafter injures him/herself or a third party the bar has:
The bar can be held liable for serving alcohol to a visibly intoxicated minor, leading to potential injuries or damages.
If a local bar in downtown San Jose, which is owned by San Jose residents, serves alcohol to an obviously intoxicated SJSU student who is a minor also residing in San Jose, and who thereafter injures him/herself or a third party, the bar has committed a crime.
The bar will be held liable for the injuries and the damages that result from the act. They can be charged with violating the alcohol control laws, which impose strict restrictions on the sale of alcohol to minors and visibly intoxicated persons. In California, it is illegal to sell alcohol to minors. Therefore, if a minor is served, the bartender and the bar are violating the law.
It is illegal to serve someone who is visibly drinking or to allow an intoxicated individual to consume alcohol on the premises. In such a situation, the bar could be held liable for the injuries and damages that result from the person's. If the student injures themselves or a third party, the bar will be held liable for damages and the injuries caused.
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