Answer:
Contribution per machine hour = $4 per machine hour
Explanation:
The contribution per machine is the total contribution made divided by the total machine hours consumed.
Contribution per machine hour = Total contribution/Total machine hours
The total contribution made = Unit contribution × unit sold
unit contribution = selling price - variable cost
= 10-8= $2 per unit
Total contribution = $2× 4,000= $8,000
Total machine hour = 2,000
Contribution per machine hour= 8,000/2,000 = $4 per machine hour
Contribution per machine hour = $4 per machine hour
he controller of Wildhorse Industries has collected the following monthly expense data for use in analyzing the cost behavior of maintenance costs. Month Total Maintenance Costs Total Machine Hours January $2,925 3,880 February 3,324 4,432 March 3,989 6,648 April 4,986 8,753 May 3,546 5,540 June 5,420 8,870 (a1) Determine the variable-cost components using the high-low method. (Round answer to 2 decimal places e.g. 2.25.) Variable cost per machine hour $
Answer:
Variable cost per unit= $0.5
Explanation:
To calculate the variable and fixed costs under the high-low method, we need to use the following formulas:
Variable cost per unit= (Highest activity cost - Lowest activity cost)/ (Highest activity units - Lowest activity units)
Variable cost per unit= (5,420 - 2,925) / (8,870 - 3,880)
Variable cost per unit= $0.5
Fixed costs= Highest activity cost - (Variable cost per unit * HAU)
Fixed costs= 5,420 - (0.5*8,870)
Fixed costs= $985
Fixed costs= LAC - (Variable cost per unit* LAU)
Fixed costs= 2,925 - (0.5*3,880)
Fixed costs= $985
Skysong Itzek manufactures and sells homemade wine, and he wants to develop a standard cost per gallon. The following are required for production of a 50-gallon batch. 3,800 ounces of grape concentrate at $0.07 per ounce 54 pounds of granulated sugar at $0.45 per pound 60 lemons at $0.70 each 150 yeast tablets at $0.28 each 200 nutrient tablets at $0.17 each 1,900 ounces of water at $0.005 per ounce Skysong estimates that 5% of the grape concentrate is wasted, 10% of the sugar is lost, and 25% of the lemons cannot be used. Compute the standard cost of the ingredients for one gallon of wine. (Round intermediate calculations and final answer to 2 decimal places, e.g. 1.25.) Standard Cost Per Gallon $
Answer:
Skysong Itzek
Standard Cost Per Gallon = $8.36
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Requirements for the production of a 50-gallon batch:
Materials Quantity Price Total costs
Ounces of grape concentrate 3,800 $0.07/ounce $266.00
Pounds of granulated sugar 54 $0.45/pound 24.30
Lemons 60 $0.70 each 42.00
Tablets of yeast 150 $0.28 each 42.00
Tablets of nutrient 200 $0.17 each 34.00
Ounces of water 1,900 $0.005/ounce 9.50
Total costs $417.80
Standard cost per unit = Total material costs/Batch Quantity
= $417.80/50 = $8.36
b) Since the estimated wastages of grape concentrate, sugar, and lemons are of no further use, the full costs of the direct materials are used in determining the standard cost. The standard cost is, therefore, equal to the total material costs divided by the batch quantity.
You borrow money on a self liquidating installment loan (equal payments at the end of each year, each payment is part principal part interest)
Loan amount $670,000
Interest Rate 11.4%
Life 54 years
Date of Loan January 1, 2021
Use the installment method - not straight line
Do NOT round any interrmediate numbers.
Do NOT turn this into a monthly problem.
Do NOT put in minus signs, answer all positive numbers.
Required:
1. What is the annual payment (round to the nearest $)?
$ ____
2. What are the total interest payments (round to the nearest $)?
$ _____
3. After 34 payments have been made, what percentage of the total interest has been paid (round to the nearest percentage point)?
____ %
4. After 34 payments have been made, what percentage of the total principal has been paid (round to the nearest percentage point)?
____ %
Redo the problem if the interest rate is 2%
(for a well designed spreadsheet this should take 30 seconds)
Required:
5. What is the annual payment (round to the nearest $)?
____$
6. What are the total interest payments (round to the nearest $)?
____$
7. After 34 payments have been made, what percentage of the total interest has been paid (round to the nearest percentage point)?
____ %
8. After 34 payments have been made, what percentage of the total principal has been paid (round to the nearest percentage point)?
____ %
Answer:
Loan = $670,000
Interest Rate = 11.4%
Years (Life) = 54 years
1. Loan = Annual installment * (1-(1+i)^-n)/i
$670,000 = Annual installment * (1-(1+11.4%)^-54)/11.4%
$670,000 = Annual installment * 8.74614912
Annual installment = $670,000 /8.74614912
Annual installment = 76605.14257
Annual installment = $76,605
2. Total interest payment = Total installments - Original loan
Total interest payment = $76605.14*54 - $670,000
Total interest payment = $4,136,677.56 - $670,000
Total interest payment = $3,466,677.699
Total interest payment = $3,466,678
3. Capital o/s after 34 payments = 76605.14257 × (1-(1+11.4%)^-20)/11.4%
= $594412.8888
Capital repaid = $670000 - $594412.8888 = $75587.11123
Total interest paid till 34 installments = $76605.14257*34 - $75587.11123 = $2528987.736
Percentage of interest = ($2528987.736/ ($76605.14257*54- $670000)) * 100
Percentage of interest = 0.7295133715
Percentage of interest = 72.95133715%
4. Percentage of principal = (75587.11123/670000)*100
Percentage of principal = 0.1128165839
Percentage of principal = 11.28165839%
Percentage of principal ≈ 11%
he SSC, a cash-method partnership, has a balance sheet that includes the following assets on December 31 of the current year: Basis FMV Cash $ 180,000 $ 180,000 Accounts receivable 0 60,000 Land 90,000 120,000 Total $ 270,000 $ 360,000 Susan, a one-third partner, has an adjusted basis of $90,000 for her partnership interest. If Susan sells her entire partnership interest to Emma for $120,000 cash, how much capital gain and ordinary income must Susan recognize from the sale
Answer:
$10,000 capital gain; $20,000 ordinary income
Explanation:
Calculation to determine how much capital gain and ordinary income must Susan recognize from the sale
Calculation for ORDINARY INCOME
Using this formula
Ordinary income=(
Unrealized receivables × Interest)
Let plug in the formula
Ordinary income=($60,000*1/3)
Ordinary income=$20,000
Calculation for CAPITAL GAIN
Using this formula
Capital gain= Total gain -Ordinary income
Let plug in the formula
Capital gain=$30,000-$20,000
capital gain=$10,000
Therefore the capital gain and ordinary income that Susan must recognize from the sale are:
$10,000 capital gain; $20,000 ordinary income
1. A manufacturer of industrial motors has identified ten new prospective customers for its products and estimated each customer's annual sales potential as follows:
Customer 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Sales Potential
(in $1,000,000s) $113 $106 $84 $52 $155 $103 $87 $91 $128 $131
The company would like to allocate these ten prospective customers to five of its current salespeople in the most equitable way possible. (Each customer may be assigned to only one sales person.) To do this, ideally, the customers assigned to each of the five salespeople would have exactly the same sales potential. If such a solution is not possible, the company would like to minimize the total amount by which the actual sales potentials for the customers assigned to each salesperson deviate from the ideal allocation.
a. Ideally, what sales potential should be assigned to each salesperson?
b. Formulate a mathematical programming model for this problem.
c. Implement your model in a spreadsheet and solve it.
d. What is the optimal solution and the optimal objective value?
e. Suppose we instead want to minimize the maximum amount by which any salesperson's assigned sales potential deviates from the ideal allocation. What is the optimal solution and optimal objective value?
Answer:
a. the assigned sales potential to each person is 210
d. the total minimum over/above potential is 20
Explanation:
took it out from Spreadsheet Modeling and Decisions Analysis. hope this helps.
Wildhorse Company purchased 300 of the 1000 outstanding shares of Ayayai Company's common stock for $570000 on January 2, 2021. During 2021, Ayayai Company declared dividends of $85000 and reported earnings for the year of $370000. If Wildhorse Company used the fair value method of accounting for its investment in Ayayai Company, its Equity Investments (Ayayai) account on December 31, 2021 should be
Answer:
$664,000
Explanation:
Correct words: "If Wildhorse Company used the Equity value method of accounting for its investment in Ayayai Company"
Ownership percentage = 300/1000
Ownership percentage = 30%
Balance in equity investment at Dec 31, 2021 = $570,000 + Share in earnings ($370,000*30%) - Share in dividends paid out ($85000*20%)
Balance in equity investment at Dec 31, 2021 = $570,000 + $111,000 - $17,000
Balance in equity investment at Dec 31, 2021 = $664,000
So, the Equity Investments balance for Ayayai company on December 31, 2021 is $664,000.
"Situation where you have a personal budget for the year 2021 with Revenues of $20,000 and Expenses of $18,000. On July 1, 2021 two friends come to live with you and pay you $1,000/month in rent. They add $800 a month in expenses. What are your flexible budget expenses for 2021"
Answer:
$22,800
Explanation:
Flexible budget expenses = $18,000 + ($800 * 6 months)
Flexible budget expenses = $18,000 + $4,800
Flexible budget expenses = $22,800
So, the flexible budget expenses for 2021 is $22,800
_____ Web sites are dedicated to employment opportunities with a given city, state, or country.
Education
Industry
Government
Corporate
Answer:
the answer is government
Last year, Pastis Productions reported $100,000 in sales and $40,000 in cost of goods sold. The company estimates it would have doubled its sales and cost of goods sold had it allowed customers to buy on credit, but it also would have incurred $50,000 in additional expenses relating to wages, bad debts, and interest. Using these estimates, calculate the amount by which Income from Operations would increase (decrease).
Answer:
$10,000
Explanation:
The computation of the increase or decrease of income from operations is shown below
Without Credit
Income from Operations is
= $100,000 - $40,000
= $60,000
And,
With Credit
Income from Operations is
= 2 × ($100,000 - $40,000) -$50,000
= $70,000
So, there is Increase in Income from Operations i.e.
= $70,000 - $60,000
= $10,000
On January 1, 2020, Gerald received his 50% profits and capital interest in High Air, LLC in exchange for $2,000 in cash and real property with a $3,000 tax basis secured by a $2,000 nonrecourse mortgage. High Air reported a $15,000 loss for its 2020 calendar year. How much loss can Gerald deduct, and how much loss must he suspend if he only applies the tax basis loss limitation
Answer:
$4,000;$3,500
Explanation:
Calculation to determine How much loss can Gerald deduct, and how much loss must he suspend if he only applies the tax basis loss limitation
Calculation for How much loss can Gerald deduct
Gerald's loss Deduction = [$2,000 + $3,000 - $2,000 + (50% × $2,000)]
Gerald's loss Deduction =[$2,000 + $3,000 - $2,000 + $1,000]
Gerald's loss Deduction=$4,000
Calculation for how much loss must he suspend
Loss to Suspend=(50%*$15,000)-$4,000
Loss to Suspend=$7,500-$4,000
Loss to Suspend=$3,500
Therefore the amount of loss that Gerald can deduct is $4,000 and the amount of loss that he must suspend if he only applies the tax basis loss limitation is $3,500
Calculating Liquidity Ratios SDJ, Inc., has net working capital of $1,050, current liabilities
of $4,300, and inventory of $1,300. What is the current ratio? What is the quick ratio?
Answer:
Current Ratio = 1.244
Quick Ratio = 0.942
Explanation:
NWC = 1050 = Current Assets – Current Liabilities = CA - 4300
=> CA = 1050+ 4300 = 5350
Current Ratio = Current Assets/Current Liabilities
= 5350/ 4300 = 1.244
Quick Ratio = (Current Assets – Inventory) / Current Liabilities
= (5350 – 1,300)/4300 = 0.942
Suppose a hypothetical economy is currently in a recessionary gap of $64 billion. Four economists agree that expansionary fiscal policy can increase total spending and move the economy out of recession, but they are debating which type of expansionary policy should be used.
Economist A believes that the government spending multiplier is 8 and the tax multiplier is 2. Economist B believes that the government spending multiplier is 4 and the tax multiplier is 8.
Required:
Compute the amount the government would have to increase spending to close the output gap according to each economist's belief.
Answer:
a. Amount the government would have to increase spending according Economist A = $8 billion
b. Amount the government would have to increase spending according Economist B = $16 billion
Explanation:
a. Economist A
Since government spending multiplier is believed to be 8, this implies that the government has to spend an amount that when it is multiplied by 8 it will be equal to recessionary gap of $64 billion in order to close the output gap. This amount can be calculated as follows:
Amount the government would have to increase spending according Economist A = Amount of recessionary gap / Government spending multiplier according to Economist A = $64 billion / 8 = $8 billion
b. Economist B
Since government spending multiplier is believed to be 4, this implies that the government has to spend an amount that when it is multiplied by 4 it will be equal to recessionary gap of $64 billion in order to close the output gap. This amount can be calculated as follows:
Amount the government would have to increase spending according Economist B = Amount of recessionary gap / Government spending multiplier according to Economist B = $64 billion / 4 = $16 billion
What is the money multiplier when the reserve requirement is
Instructions: Round your responses to two decimal places.
a. 0.09?
b. 0.25?
C. 0.12?
833.33
d. 0.04?
Answer:
Money multiplier= 1 / reserve requirement
a. Reserve requirement = 0.09
Money multiplier = 1 / 0.09
Money multiplier = 11.11
b. Reserve requirement = 0.25
Money multiplier = 1 / 0.25
Money multiplier = 4
c. Reserve requirement = 0.12
Money multiplier = 1 / 0.12
Money multiplier = 8.33
d. Reserve requirement = 0.04
Money multiplier = 1 / 0.04
Money multiplier = 25
The most profitable form of business is
A Sole proprietorships
B General partnerships
C Limited partnerships
D Corporations
Answer:
d
Explanation:
Blaine Air Transport Service, Inc., providing air delivery service for businesses, has been in operation for three years. The following transactions occurred in February:
February 1 Paid $310 for rent of hangar space in February.
February 2 Purchased fuel costing $490 on account for the next flight to Dallas.
February 4 Received customer payment of $850 to ship several items to Philadelphia next month.
February 7 Flew cargo from Denver to Dallas; the customer paid $870 for the air transport.
February 10 Paid $130 for an advertisement in the local paper to run on February 19.
February 14 Paid pilot $2,500 in wages for flying in January (recorded as expense in January).
February 18 Flew cargo for two customers from Dallas to Albuquerque for $4,700; one customer paid $1,100 cash and the other asked to be billed.
February 25 Purchased on account $2,540 in spare parts for the planes.
February 27 Declared a $220 cash dividend to be paid in March.
Required:
Prepare journal entries for each transaction.
Answer:
February 1
Debit : Rent expense $310
Credit : Cash $310
February 2
Debit : Fuel expense $490
Credit : Accounts Payable
February 4
Debit : Cash $850
Credit : Deferred Revenue $850
February 7
Debit : Cash $870
Credit : Service Revenue $870
February 10
Debit : Advertising expense $130
Credit : Cash $130
February 14
Debit : Wages Payable $2,500
Credit : Cash $2,500
February 18
Debit : Cash $1,100
Debit : Accounts Receivable $3,600
Credit : Service Revenue $4,700
February 25
Debit : Spare parts $2,540
Credit : Cash $2,540
February 27
Debit : Dividends $220
Credit : Shareholders for dividends $220
Explanation:
For expenses, if there is immediate payment of cash for expenses incurred, recognize cash out flow and otherwise recognize a liability accounts payable.
For revenue, if there is immediate payment of cash for services recognize cash inflow, otherwise recognize an asset accounts receivable.
Remember to recognize revenue as and when transfer of goods or services are made to customer, otherwise raise a liability - deferred revenue.
Think about a financial decision you made regarding the purchase of a big-ticket item or investment within the last five years. Provide a summary on the discussion thread, answering the following questions:What decision did you make?How prepared were you to make the decision?What was your thought process as you were making the decision?What financial information did you need to make the decision and why?What lessons have you learned that you will apply to future financial decisions?
Two methods can be used to produce expansion anchors. Method A costs $65,000 initially and will have a $18,000 salvage value after 3 years. The operating cost with this method will be $28,000 in year 1, increasing by $3600 each year. Method B will have a first cost of $108,000, an operating cost of $8000 in year 1, increasing by $8000 each year, and a $38,000 salvage value after its 3-year life. At an interest rate of 8% per year, which method should be used on the basis of a present worth analysis
Answer:
Method B should be used
Explanation:
Note: See the attached excel file for the calculation of the present worth of Method A and Method B.
From the attached excel file, we have:
Present worth of Method A = –$210,889.85
Present worth of Method B = –$118,011.18
Since the present worth of Method A and B above imply Method A costs more than Method B, Method B should be used.
Ice House Industries, Inc. has three operating departments: Cooking, Churning and Freezing. Indirect factory costs for the current period were Administrative, $560,000 and Maintenance, $98,000. Administrative costs are allocated to operating departments based on the number of workers and maintenance costs are allocated to operating departments based on square footage occupied.
cooking depart churning depart freezing depart
number of employees 2,940 employees 4,900 employees 1,960 employees
square feet occupied 33,250 Sq Ft 38,000 Sq Ft 23,750 Sq Ft
1. Based on the above data, determine the administrative cost allocated to each operating department of Ice House Industries, Inc.
(A) Cooking: $168,000 Churning: $280,000 Freezing: $112,000
(B) Cooking: $186,666 Churning: $186,666 Freezing: $186,666
(C) Cooking: $112,000 Churning: $280,000 Freezing: $168,000
(D) Cooking: $280,000 Churning: $112,000 Freezing: $168,000
(E) Cooking: $219,333 Churning: $219,333 Freezing: $219,333
A. Choice A
B. Choice B
C. Choice C
D. Choice D
E. Choice E
2. Based on the above data, determine the maintenance cost allocated to each operating department of Ice House Industries, Inc.
(A) Cooking: $219,333 Churning:$219,333 Freezing: $219,333
(B) Cooking: $230,00 Churning: $263,200 Freezing:$164,500
(C) Cooking: $33,250 Churning: $38,000 Freezing:$23,750
(D) Cooking: $32,666 Churning: $32,666 Freezing:$32,666
(E) Cooking:$34,300 Churning: $39,200 Freezing:$24,500
A. Choice A
B. Choice B
C. Choice C
D. Choice D
E. Choice E
Answer:
1. (A) Cooking: $168,000 Churning: $280,000 Freezing: $112,000
2. (E) Cooking:$34,300 Churning: $39,200 Freezing:$24,500
Explanation:
The computation is shown below:
a. For administrative cost allocated to each operating department is
Cooking
= $560,000 × 2,940 ÷ (2,940 + 4,900 + 1,960)
= $168,000
Churning
= $560,000 × 4,900 ÷ (2,940 + 4,900 + 1,960)
= $280,000
Freezing
= $560,000 × 1,960 ÷ (2,940 + 4,900 + 1,960)
= $112,000
b. For maintenance cost allocated to each operating department is
Cooking
= $98,000 × 33,250 ÷ (33,250 + 38,000 23750)
= $34,300
Churning
= $98,000 × 38,000 ÷ (33,250 + 38,000 23750)
= $39,200
And, for freezing
= $98,000 × 23,750 ÷ (33,250 + 38,000 23750)
= $24,500
Suppose a hypothetical economy is currently in a situation of deficient aggregate demand of $16 billion. Four economists agree that expansionary fiscal policy can increase total spending and move the economy out of recession, but they are debating which type of expansionary policy should be used. Economist A believes that the government spending multiplier is 4 and the tax multiplier is 2. Economist B believes that the government spending multiplier is 2 and the tax multiplier is 8.
Required:
Compute the amount the government would have to increase spending to close the output gap according to each economist's belief.
Answer:
Economist A
Government spending multiplier $4billion
Tax multiplier $8billion
Economist B
Government spending multiplier $8billion
Tax multiplier $2billion
Explanation:
Computation for the amount the government would have to increase spending to close the output gap according to each economist's belief
ECONOMIST A
Government spending multiplier=16/4
Government spending multiplier=$4billion
Tax multiplier=16/2
Tax multiplier=$8billion
ECONOMIST B
Government spending multiplier=16/2
Government spending multiplier=$8billion
Tax multiplier=16/8
Tax multiplier=$2billion
Therefore the amount the government would have to increase spending to close the output gap according to each economist's belief are :
ECONOMIST A
Government spending multiplier=$4billion
Tax multiplier=$8billion
ECONOMIST B
Government spending multiplier=$8billion
Tax multiplier=$2billion
Carlton Office Systems Inc. needs to improve overall organizational efficiency. To accomplish this, the company has implemented a complete redesign of all business systems and reporting hierarchies. During this process, significant cuts were made in middle management staff. What organizational trend is taking place at this company
Answer:
Reengineering
Explanation:
Reengineering means to redesign the process of the business i.e. systems & organization structure so that the dramatic business performance could be accomplished
Since in the question it is given that company wants to improve its organizational efficiency and for this they have to implement the redesigning of the business system and reporting hierarchies so here the trend would be reengineering
The risk-free rate of return is 9.0%, the expected rate of return on the market portfolio is 14%, and the stock of Xyrong Corporation has a beta coefficient of 2.0. Xyrong pays out 50% of its earnings in dividends, and the latest earnings announced were $20 per share. Dividends were just paid and are expected to be paid annually. You expect that Xyrong will earn an ROE of 18% per year on all reinvested earnings forever
a. What is the intrinsic value of a share of Xyrong stock? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) Intrinsic valueS
b-1. If the market price of a share is currently $108, and you expect the market price to be equal to the intrinsic value one year from now, calculate the price of the share after one year from now. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
Price
b-2. What is your expected one-year holding-period return on Xyrong stock? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
Expected one-year holding-period return
Answer:
$109
$118.81
18.26%
Explanation:
Intrinsic value can be determined using the constant growth dividend model
according to the constant dividend growth model
price = d1 / (r - g)
d1 = next dividend to be paid
r = cost of equity
g = growth rate
dividend, growth rate and cost of equity are not given and they have to be calculated
growth rate = retention rate x ROE
Retention rate = 1 - payout ratio = 1 - 0.5 = 0.5 = 50%
0.5 x 18% = 9%
According to the capital asset price model: cost of equity = risk free + beta x (market rate of return - risk free rate of return)
9% + 2x (14% - 9%) = 19%
dividend = payout ratio x earnings per share
0.5 x $20 = $10
Intrinsic value = [tex]\frac{10( 1 + 0.09)}{0.19 - 0.09}[/tex] = $109
Stock price in a year
[tex]\frac{10(1 + 0.9)^{2} }{0.19 - 0.09}[/tex] = 118.81
(dividend return + price return)
price return is the return on investment as a result of appreciation or depreciation of share price
Dividend return is the return on investment from dividend earned
price return = price at the end of the year - price at the beginning of the year
On October 1, 2021, the Allegheny Corporation purchased equipment for $148,000. The estimated service life of the equipment is 10 years and the estimated residual value is $5,000. The equipment is expected to produce 260,000 units during its life.Required:Calculate depreciation for 2021 and 2022 using each of the following methods. Partial-year depreciation is calculated based on the number of months the asset is in service.
Answer:
Missing word: "1. Straight line. 2. Double-declining balance. Depreciation rate(20%)"
1. Straight line depreciation
Annual Depreciation = Cost - Salvage / Estimated Useful Life (years)
Annual Depreciation = $143,000 / 10
Annual Depreciation = $14,300
Depreciation Expenses = Annual Depreciation * Fraction of Year
2021: Depreciation Expenses = 14300 * 3/12
Depreciation Expenses = $3575
2022: Depreciation Expenses = 14300 * 12/12
Depreciation Expenses = $14,300
2. Double-declining balance
Depreciation Expense = Beginning of period Book value * Depreciation rate(%) * Fraction of Year
2021: Depreciation Expense = $148000 * 20% 3/12
Depreciation Expense = $7400
Book Value = Beginning of period Book value - Accumulated Depreciation
Book Value = $148000 - $7400
Book Value = $140,600
2022: Depreciation Expense = $140,600 * 20% * 12/12
Depreciation Expense = $35,520
Book Value = Beginning of period Book value - Accumulated Depreciation
Book Value = $140,600 - $35,520
Book Value = $105,080
The model of competitive market relies on these three core assumptions:
1. There must be many buyers and sellers-a few players can't dominate the market.
2. Firms must produce an identical product--buyers must regard all seller's products as equivalent.
3. Firms and resources must be fully mobile, allowing for free entry into and ext from the industry.
The first two conditions imply that all consumers and firms are price takers. While the third is not necessarily for price-taking behavior, assume for this problem that a market cannon maintain competition in the long run without free entry.
Identify whether or not each of the following scenarios describes a competitive market, along with the correct explanation of why or why not.
a. Several stores in the mall sell hooded sweatshirts. Each store's sweatshirts reflect the style of that particular store. Additionally, some stores use higher-quality cotton than others, which is reflected in the apparel's prices.
b. In a small town, there are two providers of broadband internet access: a cable company and the phone company. The internet access offered by both providers is of the same speed.
c. There are hundreds of high schools students in need of algebra tutoring services in Dallas. Dozens of companies offer tutoring services, and the parents who seek out tutors view the quality of the tutoring at the different companies to be largely the same.
d. The government has granted a patent to a pharmaceutical company for an experimental AIDS drug. That company is the only firm permitted to sell the drug.
i. Yes, meets all assumptions.
ii. No, no free entry
iii. No, not many sellers
iv. No, not an identical product.
Answer:
iv
iii
i
ii
Explanation:
A perfect competition is characterized by many buyers and sellers of homogenous goods and services. Market prices are set by the forces of demand and supply. There are no barriers to entry or exit of firms into the industry.
In the long run, firms earn zero economic profit. If in the short run firms are earning economic profit, in the long run firms would enter into the industry. This would drive economic profit to zero.
Also, if in the short run, firms are earning economic loss, in the long run, firms would exit the industry until economic profit falls to zero.
A monopolistic competition is when there are many firms selling differentiated products in an industry. A monopoly has characteristics of both a monopoly and a perfect competition. the demand curve is downward sloping. it sets the price for its goods and services.
An example of monopolistic competition are restaurants
When firms are earning positive economic profit, in the long run, firms enter into the industry. This drives economic profit to zero
If firms are earning negative economic profit, in the long run, firms leave the industry. This drives economic profit to zero
in the long run, only normal profit is earned
a. this is not a perfect competition because the sweatshirts are not homogenous. they differ in quality and style
b. this is not a perfect competition because there are not plenty firms. this is more of a duopoly
c. this is a perfect competition. there are many tutoring services with homogenous products
d. the company is a monopoly. there is no free entry into the industry as a result of the government permit
Fallon Company uses flexible budgets to control its selling expenses. Monthly sales are expected to range from $172,800 to $215,400. Variable costs and their percentage relationship to sales are sales commissions 7%, advertising 4%, traveling 4%, and delivery 1%. Fixed selling expenses will consist of sales salaries $35,500, depreciation on delivery equipment $7,500, and insurance on delivery equipment $1,100.
Required:
Prepare a monthly flexible budget for each $11,100 increment of sales within the relevant range for the year ending December 31, 2017.
Answer:
Sales Revenue Total expenses
$172,800 $71,748
$183,900 $73,524
$195,000 $75,300
$206,100 $77,076
Explanation:
Note: See the attached excel file for the monthly flexible budget for the year ending December 31, 2017.
Also note that since it is stated that the budget must be for each $11,100 increment of sales within the relevant range of $172,800 to $215,400 of monthly expected sales, the highest expected sales that fall within the range is $206,100 in the attached excel file.
From the attached excel file, we have:
Sales Revenue Total expenses
$172,800 $71,748
$183,900 $73,524
$195,000 $75,300
$206,100 $77,076
A firm has current assets that could be sold for their book value of $22 million. The book value of its fixed assets is $60 million, but they could be sold for $90 million today. The firm has total debt with a book value of $40 million, but interest rate declines have caused the market value of the debt to increase to $50 million. What is this firm's market-to-book ratio
Answer:
the firm market to book ratio is 1.48
Explanation:
The computation of the market to book ratio is shown below:
The Market values is
= $22 million + $90 million - $50 million
= $ 62 million
And, the Book values is
= $22 million + $60 million - $40 million
= $42 million
Now the firm market to book ratio is
= $62 million ÷ $42 million
= 1.48
Hence, the firm market to book ratio is 1.48
In 1999, the Federal Trade Commission allowed Exxon and Mobil to merge. At the time, Exxon and Mobil were the top two firms in their industry, and their merger created the largest corporation in the world. To allow the merger, Exxon and Mobil agreed to sell 2,431 gas stations. Of these, 1,740 were in the mid-Atlantic states, 360 were in California, 319 were in Texas, and 12 were in Guam.
Why would the U.S. government require Exxon and Mobil to divest themselves of so many gas stations in localized parts of the country to be willing to allow the merger to occur?
a. Because these geographic regions had too many gas stations.
b. To protect consumers from inappropriate price decreases.
c. To ensure competition in these regions and protect consumers from unwarranted price increases.
d. To ensure that Exxon-Mobil would earn fair profits in these geographic areas.
Answer:
1999 Merger of Exxon and Mobil
The reason that made the U.S. government to require Exxon and Mobil to divest themselves of so many gas stations in localized parts of the country to be willing to allow the merger to occur is:
c. To ensure competition in these regions and protect consumers from unwarranted price increases.
Explanation:
The agreement to sell so many gas stations in localized parts of the country was to forestall antitrust lawsuits. It was also made to protect consumers from unwarranted price increases, allowing more competition in the affected areas, where ExxonMobil owed too many gas stations.
The reason why the US would require these two companies to divest themselves is because to ensure competition in these regions and protect consumers from unwarranted price increases.
The answer to this question is option c. Sometimes when two companies merge into one, they could become too powerful. When this is the case, they may end up driving out all their competitors from the market.
At this point, a monopoly may arise from the companies. When a monopoly arises, they would be able to set the price to any amount that they want. This divest option by the government was to ensure the protection of consumers from a situation of price hikes.
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Aldo Industries, Inc. has two service departments (Human Resources and Building Maintenance) and two production departments (Machining and Assembly). The company allocates Building Maintenance cost on the basis of square footage and believes that Building Maintenance provides more service than Human Resources. The square footage occupied by each department follows.
Human Resources 6,000
Building Maintenance 13,000
Machining 1 8,000
Assembly 26,000
Assuming use of the step-down method, over how many square feet would the Building Maintenance cost be allocated (i.e., spread)?
Answer:
50,000 Square feet
Explanation:
Building maintenance provides more service than human resource and this means the cost of Building maintenance departments would be allocated to all remaining three department including human resource department.
Square feet over which Building Maintenance cost would be allocated = Square Footage of Human Resources + Square Footage of Machining + Square Footage of Assembly
= 6,000 + 18,000 + 26,000
= 50,000
Aquatic Equipment Corporation decided to switch from the LIFO method of costing inventories to the FIFO method at the beginning of 2021. The inventory as reported at the end of 2020 using LIFO would have been $53,000 higher using FIFO. Retained earnings at the end of 2020 was reported as $710,000 (reflecting the LIFO method). The tax rate is 35%.
Required:
a. Calculate the balance in retained earnings at the time of the change (beginning of 2009) as it would have been reported if FIFO had been used in prior years.
b. Prepare the journal entry at the beginning of 2009 to record the change in principle.
Answer:
a. The balance in retained earnings at the time of the change (beginning of 2021) as it would have been reported if FIFO had been used in prior years is $744,450.
b. Debit Inventory for $53,000; Credit Income tax payable for $18,550; and Credit Retained earnings for $34,450.
Explanation:
Note: There is an error in the date stated in the requirements of the question as they are different from the date in the body of the question. The requirements are therefore restated with the correct date before answering the question as follows:
a. Calculate the balance in retained earnings at the time of the change (beginning of 2021) as it would have been reported if FIFO had been used in prior years.
b. Prepare the journal entry at the beginning of 2021 to record the change in principle.
The explanation of the answer is now given as follows:
a. Calculate the balance in retained earnings at the time of the change (beginning of 2021) as it would have been reported if FIFO had been used in prior years.
The effect of LIFO is to overstate the cost of goods sold and understated the retained earnings.
The balance in retained earnings at the time of the change (beginning of 2021) as it would have been reported if FIFO had been used in prior years can therefore be determined as follows:
Inventory understatement net of tax = $53,000 * (100% - Tax rate) = $53,000 * (100% - 35%) = $34,450
Therefore, we have:
Retained earnings under FIFO = Retained earnings as reported + Inventory understatement net of tax = $710,000 + $34,450 = $744,450
Therefore, the balance in retained earnings at the time of the change (beginning of 2021) as it would have been reported if FIFO had been used in prior years is $744,450.
b. Prepare the journal entry at the beginning of 2021 to record the change in principle.
The journal entry will look as follows:
Details Debit ($) Credit ($)
Inventory 53,000
Income tax payable (53,000 * 35%) 18,550
Retained earnings 34,450
(To record the change in principle.)
Red Co. uses the product cost concept of applying the cost-plus approach to product pricing. Below is cost information for the production and sale of 40,000 units of its sole product. Red Co. desires a profit equal to a 15% rate of return on invested assets of $1,200,000.
Fixed factory overhead cost $80,000.00
Fixed selling and administrative costs 140,000.00
Variable direct materials cost per unit 7.00
Variable direct labor cost per unit 11.00
Variable factory overhead cost per unit 3.00
Variable selling and administrative cost per unit 2.00
What is the markup percentage for the company's product? (Round the answer to two decimal places.)
a 30.30%
b 43.50%
c 40.00%
d 35.60%
Answer:
b 43.50%
Explanation:
Product Cost = Variable Manufacturing Costs + Fixed Manufacturing Cost
Product Cost = 40,000*($7.00 + $11.00 + $3.00) + $80,000
Product Cost = 40,000*$21 + $80,000
Product Cost = $840,000 + $80,000
Product Cost = $920,000
Markup = Total Selling and Administrative Expenses + Desired Profit
Markup = $2.00*40,000 + $140,000 + $1,200,000*15%
Markup = $80,000 + $140,000 + $180,000
Markup = $400,000
Markup percentage = Markup / Product Cost * 100
Markup percentage = $400,000 / $920,000 * 100
Markup percentage = 0.434783 * 100
Markup percentage = 43.47%
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Explanation:
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Answer:
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Explanation: