Science is based on the observation of phenomena of the real world, testable to be verifiable, replicable and reliable because conducts equal outcomes and flexible due to new evidence may lead to change.
What is science?The word science is a broad term that refers to all body of knowledge based on empirical evidence, which can be tested to be verified and replicated in different experiments. The scientific results must be reliable because it allows generating theories and the development of new hypotheses.
Therefore, we can conclude that science is based on verifiable and replicable facts in experimental procedures. The scientific results are flexible because new evidence may modify old theories.
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WHY do dolphins hate sharks
Why do sharks avoid Dolphins?
Made of very strong and thick bone, dolphin snouts are biological battering rams. Dolphins will position themselves several yards under a shark and burst upwards jabbing their snout into the soft underbelly of the shark causing serious internal injuries. More than Peas in a Pod.
when a molecule of oxygen moves from outside of a eukaryotic cell to eventually be reduced by complex iv of the electron transport chain, how many phospholipid bilayers does it need to cross?
Answer: You, like many other organisms, need oxygen to live. As you know if you’ve ever tried to hold your breath for too long, lack of oxygen can make you feel dizzy or even black out, and prolonged lack of oxygen can even cause death. But have you ever wondered why that’s the case, or what exactly your body does with all that oxygen?
As it turns out, the reason you need oxygen is so your cells can use this molecule during oxidative phosphorylation, the final stage of cellular respiration. Oxidative phosphorylation is made up of two closely connected components: the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from one molecule to another, and energy released in these electron transfers is used to form an electrochemical gradient. In chemiosmosis, the energy stored in the gradient is used to make ATP.
So, where does oxygen fit into this picture? Oxygen sits at the end of the electron transport chain, where it accepts electrons and picks up protons to form water. If oxygen isn’t there to accept electrons (for instance, because a person is not breathing in enough oxygen), the electron transport chain will stop running, and ATP will no longer be produced by chemiosmosis. Without enough ATP, cells can’t carry out the reactions they need to function, and, after a long enough period of time, may even die.
In this article, we'll examine oxidative phosphorylation in depth, seeing how it provides most of the ready chemical energy (ATP) used by the cells in your body.
Overview: oxidative phosphorylation
Simple diagram of the electron transport chain. The electron transport chain is a series of proteins embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. In the matrix, NADH and FADH2 deposit their electrons in the chain (at the first and second complexes of the chain, respectively). The energetically "downhill" movement of electrons through the chain causes pumping of protons into the intermembrane space by the first, third, and fourth complexes. Finally, the electrons are passed to oxygen, which accepts them along with protons to form water. The proton gradient produced by proton pumping during the electron transport chain is used to synthesize ATP. Protons flow down their concentration gradient into the matrix through the membrane protein ATP synthase, causing it to spin (like a water wheel) and catalyze conversion of ADP to ATP.
Simple diagram of the electron transport chain. The electron transport chain is a series of proteins embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
In the matrix, NADH and FADH2 deposit their electrons in the chain (at the first and second complexes of the chain, respectively).
The energetically "downhill" movement of electrons through the chain causes pumping of protons into the intermembrane space by the first, third, and fourth complexes.
Finally, the electrons are passed to oxygen, which accepts them along with protons to form water.
The proton gradient produced by proton pumping during the electron transport chain is used to synthesize ATP. Protons flow down their concentration gradient into the matrix through the membrane protein ATP synthase, causing it to spin (like a water wheel) and catalyze conversion of ADP to ATP.
Explanation:
hope this helpsWhich is the only macromolecule
to contain Phosphorus atoms?
ATP molecule and ADP molecule are macromolecules containing phosphorus. They are very important in photosynthesis.
b O 1. Identify a from the above diagram of an atom: 2. Identify b from the above diagram of an atom: 3. Identify c from the above diagram of an atom:
Answer:
A is electron
B is neutron
C is proton
Explanation:
electron is negative charged particle which sorround the nucleus
neutron is neutral charged particle which located in nucleus
proton is positive charged particle
Which of the following conditions will result in the lowest rabbit population?
a.
ample land, cold springs
b.
little land, normal conditions
c.
moderate land, hot summers
d.
ample land, harsh winters
NSWER is B
The correct answer from among the conditions above which will definitely result in the lowest rabbit population is ample land, harsh winters.
The correct answer choice is option D.
How can rabbit population be reduced by ample land and harsh winters?It is not surprising that ample space is very essential for the growth and development of any population of species of living organisms. However there are certain conditions tok which an ample space or surplus space can come with which will still reduce population of species.
Rabbit population can be reduced to its lowest even in a surplus or plentiful land if the weather conditions is not favorable for their growth, development and population. A hash weather conditions such as harsh winter or harsh cold can reduce the population of species of rabbit population.
In conclusion, harsh weather conditions like very cold factors can impede the rise of rabbit population in a given habitat or environment.
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What does the ecosystem receive from the outside world?
food, water, timber, air purification, soil formation and pollination
Not trying to be racist but uh....was Jesus actually white?- I WILL GIVE 100 POINTS AND BRAIN LIST TO THE PERSON WHO ANSWERS TRUTHFULLY!
Answer:
I'm pretty sure Jesus was white. In any paintings that were depicted of him he was a tall, pale, and thin man with light brown, long hair and a beard. I have a plate that hangs in my house on our wall with a picture of him and that is how he looks. And it also determined that he would have most likely looked like a typical Galilean Semite of his day. I believe that there were people of color in the biblical days but it was never proven that Jesus was, so I'm gonna say, no. Jesus is white.
Explanation:
Hope it helps! =D
Answer:
I would say no.
Explanation:
Despite the illustrations and paintings it would have been highly unlikely in the area he was born into to be white. I think the white illustrations may have just came from a prejudiced past when people actually believed race made someone better or worse.
( and no that doesn't mean I think he is black either , in his area it would be more common to just have a darker tone, so think lightskin when I say "Not white".) btw dont give me brainliest , if you cant tell this is the first question ive answered so im clearly not someone who needs it.
When mutated cells ignore checkpoints, they reproduce uncontrollably, forming tumors. During which stage of the cell cycle does the cell divide into two cells?
M
S
G2
G1
The M stage of the cell cycle is where cell divide into two cells and is denoted as option A.
What is Mitosis?This is referred to a type of cell division in which the parent cell produces two identical daughter cells while meiosis involves the production of four unique daughter cells.
In cell division, the mitotic phase which is denoted as M phase , the cell divides its copied DNA and cytoplasm thereby resulting in the formation of two new cells and two major processes are involved and they include:
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list the steps of glycolysis. start at the top of the list with the point at which glucose enters, list the steps and finish at the bottom of the list with the point at which pyruvate is produced.
The steps of glycolysis are as given below:
Conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate by hexokinaseConversion of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate by phosphoglucoisomerasePhosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate by phosphofructokinase-1Splitting of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate by aldolaseisomerization of dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate by triose phosphate isomeraseOxidation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate by glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenaseConversion of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate and the production ATP by phosphoglycerate kinaseconversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate by phosphoglycerate mutaseDehydration of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenol pyruvate by enolaseConversion of phosphoenol pyruvate to pyruvate and the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP.What is glycolysis?Glycolysis refers to a series of reaction steps by which one molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate with the release of two net molecules of ATP.
There are the reaction steps in glycolysis all of which are catalyzed by enzymes.
Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of cells.
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non mendelian inheritance explain
Explanation:
Non-Mendelian inheritance refers to the inheritance of traits that have a more complex genetic basis than one gene with two alleles and complete dominance.
Salivary amylase is an enzyme that begins breaking down carbohydrates while the food is still in the mouth. Once the food passes into the stomach, what happens to the salivary amylase?.
Once the salivary amylase reaches the stomach the acids present in the stomach neutralize the salivary amylase and the breakdown of carbohydrates is ceased.
What is Salivary Amylase?One of the numerous enzyme systems in digestion and other biochemical processes is amylase. The class of chemicals known as enzymes helps organisms' chemical reactions go more quickly.
Chemical reactions inside the cells of living beings could not take place without enzymes. In the absence of these reactions, organisms would not be able to carry out essential life processes including cell division and food digestion. Enzymes are therefore crucial to the existence and wellbeing of all living organisms.
Since scientists first began studying enzymes in the early 1800s, amylase has played a key role in human history. It was originally known as disgust, but in the early 1900s, the name was changed.
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Put the following examples of levels of organization of living things in order from smallest to largest, placing the smallest at the top
The top will be the smallest:
Heart Cell
Cardiac Tissue
Blood, Heart, Blood vessels
Circulatory System
Whole Human Person
the electron transport chain . group of answer choices is a series of substitution reactions takes place in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells is driven by atp consumption is a series of redox reactions
The electron transport chain is a series of proteins and organic molecules found in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. Electrons are passed from one member of the transport chain to another in a series of redox reactions.
The oxidative phosphorylation process, also known as the electron transport chain, is a collection of four protein complexes that combine redox events to produce an electrochemical gradient that results in the production of ATP. Both photosynthesis and cellular respiration take place in mitochondria. In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from one molecule to another
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how abiotic factors limit the dynamic of community?
This is how abiotic factors limit the dynamic of community-
The ecology of high altitudes, especially the alpine forest, has historically been thought to be dominated by abiotic causes. Altitude, regional climate, and orographics can all have a significant impact on sunlight, temperature, water, and gas-phase nutrients (such CO2 and O2) (e.g., maritime vs. continental mountain ranges). In addition, a number of elements, including as solar and long-wave radiation, wind, and ambient humidity, that affect the energy balance and temperature of leaves may also change with elevation.
What are abiotic factors?Abiotic components or abiotic factors or variables are non-living chemical and physical elements of the environment that have an impact on living things and the health of ecosystems in biology and ecology. Biology as a whole is supported by abiotic causes and the phenomena that go along with them.
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What defines someone as a female?
A. The extra X chromosome in the DNA
B. The extra Y chromosome in the DNA
C. A person's opinion
D. The definition of a female varies depending on each person
Answer:
male produce xx and xy chromose
so, xx for male and xy for female
the correct option is ( b )
NEED HELPP ASAP PLEASE :)
9. Why can it be said that "without proper enzyme functioning, an organism will perish"?
Answer:All biological reactions within human cells depend on enzymes. Their power as catalysts enables biological reactions to occur usually in milliseconds
Explanation:i hope this helps :)
Enzymes are proteins that aid in the acceleration of metabolic processes, also known as the chemical reactions that take place in our bodies without which an organism will perish.
What is enzyme ?
Proteins are known as enzymes, and they play the role of biological catalysts by speeding up chemical reactions. The molecules on which enzymes may act are referred to as substrates, and the enzyme is responsible for converting the substrates into different molecules, which are referred to as products.
Enzymes are necessary for digestion, proper functioning of the liver, and many other bodily processes. Both an excess amount of a particular enzyme and a deficiency in that enzyme can be harmful to one's health. The enzymes that are found in our blood can also assist medical professionals in the diagnosis of illnesses and injuries.
Therefore, it can be said that "without proper enzyme functioning, an organism will perish".
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Steps for a Gatorade vs Water experiment
The steps for a Gatorade vs Water experiment include the following:
Obtain parental permission in writing for all subjects
Step 1: Conduct the test for Gatorade:
a. Prepare drink for the subject
i. Wash hands in clean water
ii. Pour the liquid into a a clean measuring dish,( glass is preferred ) and measure out 250-ml
iii. Pour liquid into a clean disposable paper cup
b. Let the subject drink the 250ml of liquid being tested.
c. Take time interval of 20-40 minutes
d. Have the subject sit down for 2 minutes
e. Measure the pulse rate at the carotid artery and record your data
f. Repeat procedures d and e
g. Let the subject do 8 inch step-ups for 4 minutes
h. Take the pulse rate and record your data
i. Repeat procedures for g and h
Step 2. Conduct the water test. Repeat the step 1 with all other subjects.
Repeat all of step 2 with the same subjects using water instead of Gatorade.
Step 3 . Calculate the average for all the pulse rate data for each liquid.
What is an experiment?An experiment can be described as a procedure carried out to support or refute a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy or likelihood of something previously untried.
Gatorade provide the carbohydrate and electrolytes needed for high intensity workouts.
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Within the past 30 years, nearly 50% of today’s 600 taxa of primates are endangered, in large part due to human activity. Identify the ways in which anthropologists work to protect endangered primates, such as this highly endangered northern muriqui.
The ways in which anthropologists work to protect endangered primates, such as this highly endangered northern muriqui are introduce primates raised in captivity into new environments in the wild, study primates in their natural environments, work with local communities in areas where endangered primates live.
It is important that we study endangered species in their natural environment so that we come to know what are the essential requirement of these organisms for survival. By providing these requirements, organisms can be moved to places where they can be better able to reproduce and live.
The primates that became andangered because of raising them in captivitiy shall be moved to open environments where their growth can flourish.
The local communities of the areas where endangered species are present can help us know what were the reasons for a species to become such low in number.
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What are examples of star.
Answer:
Jjuiii
Explanation:
Hyuu8757u5
Answer:
torcularis septentrionalis
Explanation:
a binary star in the constellation of pisces, its visible to the nake5d eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of 4.27. based upon an annual parallax shift of 11.67 mas as seen from the earth, the system is located roughly 280 light-years from the sun.
Which of the following is an example of quantitative data?
The flowers are prettier than the trees; the rabbits eat grasses and sedges. The
flowers are prettier than the trees; the rabbits eat grasses and sedges
In 2012 reduced food availability reduced the white tailed deer population on the
Upper Santa Cruz River considerably.
In 2012 there were 18 white tailed deer and 7 coyotes on the Upper Santa Cruz River.
The sky has cloud cover and visibility is limited.
In 2012 there were 18 white tailed deer and 7 coyotes on the Upper Santa Cruz River is an example of quantitative data and is therefore denoted as option C.
What is Quantitative data?This is referred to as the type of data which is quantified and is usually expressed in numbers, percentages etc rather than descriptive words or phrases. An example of this type of data include the length, breadth, the number of species present in a place etc.
This type of data can be measured and in the answer given we can deduce that the data consists of numbers such as 18 white tailed deer and 7 coyotes which have been counted by the individual which is different from the remaining options.
This is therefore the reason why option C was chosen as the most appropriate choice.
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most enzymes within cells are regulated by , during which the final product of a metabolic pathway competes with the substrate for the of an enzyme at the beginning of the pathway.
Most biological enzymes within cells are regulated by molecules such as activators and inhibitors during which the final product of a metabolic pathway competes with the substrate for the of an enzyme at the beginning of the pathway.
How are enzymes regulated by other molecules?Molecular substances such as the activators and the inhibitors help to regulate the activities of enzymatic activities which occurs within the cells of living organisms. These substances does this by increasing the activities of the metabolic activities or by slowing them down.
The molecular substances which helps to increase the activities of enzymes are known as the activators.The inhibitors are molecules which helps to decreases or lower the activities of enzymes.That being said, enzymes are biological substances which helps to speed up the rate if chemical or biochemical reactions in living organisms.
So therefore, enzymes which helps to catalyze reaction rate in living cells are usually, frequently and most of the time regulated by molecular substances such as activators and inhibitors.
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If a species has 42% adenine what percentage of thymine will it have
If a species has 42% adenine, then 42% of thymine will have.
How can I determine the adenine-to-thymine ratio?The four nucleotide bases that makeup DNA are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T) (T).
Adenine nucleotides on one strand pair with thymine bases on the other strand in a double-stranded DNA molecule. Information in DNA is encoded by the arrangement of the four nucleotide bases.
Because hydrogen bonds can only form in specific configurations, A is always paired with T, and G is always paired with C.
The Chargaff rule states that adenine concentration equals thymine concentration. The [T] will consequently likewise be 40% if [A]=40%. However, this rule only applies to double-stranded DNA molecules.
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you identify a new species of bacteria at the bottom of the ocean, but these organisms lack a site-specific recombination system. which components would together allow for site-specific recombination to occur in these bacteria?
Answer:
FRT target sites,
flp recombinase,
cas9 enzyme,
spo11,
a synthetic homologous chromosome
Explanation:
hope it helps
A city council meeting is planned to discuss the possible reasons for the trend shown in the graph.
Patricia, a local student, conducts some research of her own. She finds graphical data supporting the idea that the change in the
city's population over the past 5 years has caused the change in the amount of solid waste ending up in the landfill. She plans to
present her findings to the city council.
Which of the following graphs most likely represents Patricia's data?
Will could be the father of this child.
Describe the types of blood
A, B, AB, and O are the four primary blood types (groups). The genes you inherited from your parents decide what blood group you will be.
Eight different blood types exist, and each one can either be RhD positive or RhD negative.
Each biological parent donates one of their two ABO alleles to their child. A mother who is blood type O can only pass an O allele to her son or daughter. A father who is blood type AB could pass either an A or a B allele to his son or daughter. This couple could have children of either blood type A (O from mother and A from father) or blood type B (O from mother and B from father).
Hence Will could be the father of this child.
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compare and contrast the human digestive system with that of a bird
Comparison between Human and bird digestive system have various similarities such as small and large intestine but differences in organs to such as a birds have a crop, a proventriculus and a gizzard while humans do not have these organs.
The functions performed by organs in a bird varies with organ in human. A crop has a function where food is stored before being digested. It lies below esophagus. A proventriculus tube is a muscular tube that connects crop into the gizzard. It secretes acid to breakdown food chemically. Gizzard is a muscular sac below proventriculus consist of small rocks that helps grinds food because birds cannot initially chew food like mammals.
In humans, mouth and stomach are responsible for storage of food. Glands in stomach lining secretes acids and enzymes that initiate breakdown of food.
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7. Why is it impossible for a paper clip to contain the enzyme catalase?
The enzyme catalase cannot be found in a paper clip because the enzyme is only produced by the liver of living cells.
What is catalase?Catalase is the enzyme found in the liver that catalyses the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen.
Catalase is a common enzyme found in nearly all living organisms exposed to oxygen which catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to molecular water and oxygen.
According to this question, it is impossible for a paper clip to contain the enzyme catalase because it is produced by the liver, which is an organ that is found only in living cells.
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it is likely that in the future, humans will colonize mars. the population of martian humans could begin to show signs of genetic divergence over many generations. do you think this type of allopatric speciation would be more likely considered dispersal or vicariance?
According to the given statement Dispersal type of allopatric speciation would be more likely considered.
What does the term "allopatric" mean?An allopatric population or species is one that is geographically isolated from other comparable groups by an extrinsic barrier to dispersal. Allopatric means "in another place." From a biogeographic perspective, allopatric species or populations are those that do not share overlap geographic ranges.
What is an example of allopatric?Squirrels and other tiny mammals that had previously been a member of a single population could no longer communicate and procreate with each other across this new geographical barrier as Arizona's Grand Canyon created. Interbreeding was no longer possible. Allopatric speciation occurred in the squirrel population.
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Identify each description as typical of eukaryotic repressors or bacterial repressors. Leave unplaced the description that is not characteristic of either group.
RNA polymerase is directly inhibited by Eukaryotic Repressors when they attach to DNA-binding sites on the enzyme.
An operator downstream of the promoter site is bound by bacterial repressors, which prevent RNA polymerase from working.
How do activators and repressors function in eukaryotes?Eukaryotic cells have transcriptional inhibitors much like prokaryotic cells do. The binding of transcriptional repressors to enhancer or promoter regions prevents transcription. Repressors react to outside stimuli in a manner similar to transcriptional activators in order to block the binding of activating transcription factors.
What elements are necessary for eukaryotic transcription?Eukaryotes need transcription factors to bind to the promoter area first and then assist in enlisting the proper polymerase. The polymerase that transcribes mRNA is called RNA Polymerase II.
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Why is groundwater an important source of freshwater storage?
a.
It constitutes approximately 30% of Earth’s freshwater.
b.
It is the only viable source of freshwater in some areas.
c.
It is available in conditions of drought.
d.
All of the above
The reason that groundwater a vital point for freshwater storage is option A. It constitutes approximately 30% of Earth’s freshwater.
What is the freshwater source about?Groundwater as well as surface waters are known to be the two primary ways to get fresh water. Groundwater is seen as water that is seen under or beneath the earth's surface and can be taken or obtained in a variety of ways.
Note that Groundwater is an essential source of freshwater because it makes up some big part of the freshwater on Earth. Groundwater is a vital supply of freshwater for areas that does not or are unable to gain access to other water sources, such as those that are said to be experiencing droughts.
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Some of the traits in the chart are not simple cases of dominant and recessive. List those traits that show a blending of genes
Not every gene has a dominant or recessive form. Each allele in the gene pair may occasionally carry equal weight and manifest as a composite physical trait.
Why are genes so important?The building blocks of life are genes. They include instructions for constructing particular molecules and proteins that control how the body develops and functions and enable human cells to function. Additionally, they influence how certain physical traits and attributes, like hair or eye color, are expressed.
How are genes created?One copy is passed down to them by their mother through the egg, while the other is passed down by their father (via the sperm). The 23 chromosomes in each egg and sperm are all found in one pair. When the sperm fertilizes the egg, two copies of each chromosome and two copies of each gene are produced, resulting in the development of an embryo.
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