describe the evolution of an elliptical galaxy. how does the evolution of a spiral galaxy differ from that of an elliptical?

A downward force is applied by the ladybug to the wall in order to advance up the wall, and a vertical force is applied by the wall to the ladybug.

The definition of force is the power or fuel applied to an item during any positive exercise or movement. A pressure or pull that results from two objects interacting is called a force. External force doesn't actually exist until two objects interact.

Forces are important because they produce changes to motion, as we learned in a prior lesson. Isaac Newton actually cites this in his first law. This inertia concept describes the phases of stillness and motion that occur in the absence of an external, opposing force.

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Its consequences, either rewarding the desired behavior or punishing the undesired behavior. It is based on the idea that behavior is a function of its consequences. modified by the association of a stimulus with a previously neutral stimulus. It is based on the idea that behavior is a function of its antecedents.

Operant conditioning is a type of learning in which an individual's behavior is modified by its consequences. It is based on the idea that behavior is a function of its consequences, either rewarding the desired behavior or punishing the undesired behavior in order to shape behavior. Classical conditioning is a type of learning in which an individual's behavior is modified by the association of a previously neutral stimulus with a particular stimulus. It is based on the idea that behavior is a function of its antecedents. In operant conditioning, the response is voluntary, while in classical conditioning, the response is involuntary. Operant conditioning focuses on how behavior is strengthened or weakened in response to reinforcement or punishment, while classical conditioning focuses on how behavior is acquired through association.

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Aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria's cytoplasm. Anaerobic respiration results in the production of two ATP molecules. Prokaryotes, which are human muscle cells, engage in anaerobic respiration. Thus, option C is correct.

All species' cells engage in cellular respiration. Utilizing oxygen, the cell converts the food (glucose) into carbon dioxide and water. The process of breaking down glucose while using oxygen is referred to as aerobic respiration.

Therefore, all living organisms carry out some form of respiration.

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The subscript 2 in [tex]Br_2[/tex] indicates that two atoms of bromine are joined together.

[tex]Br_2[/tex], which is a bromine compound, is formed by the combination of two bromine atoms.

At normal temperature and pressure, the original colour of Bromine ([tex]Br_2[/tex]) is a red-brown liquid.

When there is a subscript "2," it signifies that a molecule is made up of two Bromine atoms.

We never use subscripts of "1" while writing the chemical formula, since they are only used when more than one atom is being represented.

When referring to a diatomic molecule, we use the element's symbol and add the subscript "2" to denote the bond between two of that element's atoms.

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Answer:

S = 1/2 g t^2        time for stone to fall distance S

S = V0 (t - 2) * 1/2 g (t -2)^2     time for stone to fall distance S with an initial speed of 30 m/s, 2 seconds later

1/2 g t^2 = V0 t - 2 V0 + 1/2 g t^2 - 2 g t + 2 g     equating distance fallen

t = 3.88 sec

Check:

S = 1/2 * 9.8 * 3.88^2 = 73.8 m

S = 30 * 1.88 + 1/2 * 9.8 * 1.88^2 = 73.7 m

The propagated percent error in the time constant of a circuit is ±10% using these two circuit elements in series with a d. c. power supply.

The discrepancy between the measured and actual values might be used to define an error.

The fourth band of a resistor color code is gold means ± 5% tolerance in measurement of resistor.

The fourth letter on a capacitor's code is j means ± 5% tolerance in measurement of capacitor.

Now,  the time constant of a RC circuit = CR.

Hence, the propagated percent error in the time constant of a circuit using these resistor and capacitor =  ± 5%  + (± 5%)

= ±10%.

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A inverse relationship in between photon's energy (E) and the light's wavelength is described by the formula E=hcE=hc, where h has so far been Planck's constant and c is actually the speed of light.

Energy --> Frequency The energy of light increases with its frequency.

Higher frequencies result in shorter wavelengths, as the challenges mentioned above demonstrate.E is also equal to h c / λ.Short wavelengths & high energies characterize high frequency light.

Energy is inversely correlated with wavelength because it is directly related to a electromagnetic frequency of the photon.The energy of a photon increases with its frequency.

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The ripe fruits is around the same size as the colored part of the thumb are grape and cherry. Hence, option (C) is correct.

Fruit is a blooming plant's fleshy or dry, fully developed ovary that contains a seed or seeds. As a result, apricots, bananas, and grapes are all considered to be fruits as well as bean pods, maize grains, tomatoes, cucumbers, and (in their shells) acorns and almonds. However, the term is typically only used to describe matured ovaries that are delicious and either pulpy or succulent.

A developed ovary and its related elements constitute a fruit in terms of botany. It often contains seeds that have grown from the encased ovule after fertilization, though parthenocarpy, or growth without fertilization, is also known.

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If we are going to invent a new device that people can use instead of a microwave oven to warm up leftovers, the type of electromagnetic wave that would be most useful to investigate would probably be infrared waves.

Electromagnetic waves or EM waves are waves that are created as a result of vibrations between an electric field and a magnetic field.

Since electromagnetic waves are of different energy range and different electromagnetic waves are used for different works.

Higher energy range electromagnetic waves cannot be used to expose for human because they can cause damage to them. So, we can not use them for warming purpose as they are dangerous. So X rays and Gamma rays can not be used

And least energy waves can also not be used. So, radio waves which are least energy cannot be used for the purpose of warming.

So correct answer for the replacement of microwaves is infrared waves because they have sufficient energy that can be used to warm up.

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Answer: A. 20000 Nm

Explanation:

The Work formula is:

Work = Force x Displacement

For this question:

Force is 200N

Displacement is 100m

So 200N x 100m = 20000Nm

Hope this helps!

As per the given statement  the s2 term in the acceleration (5 m/s2) and the s term in the time (7 s) cancel leaving you with 35 m/s (velocity).

Velocity is the rate of change of speed per unit time. It also determines the direction of the movement of object or moving body. hence, it is called as directional speed.

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The acceleration due to gravity on asteroid X is approximately 0.5 m/s². The acceleration an object experiences as a result of gravitational force is known as acceleration due to gravity.

       The mass of the astronaut = 500 Newtons / 9.8 m/s^2, 50 Kg

        The equation for gravitational force is F = Gm1m2/r^2,

Calculate that the acceleration due to gravity on asteroid X = 0.49 meters per second squared.

That is 0.5 m/s²

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The primary global sources for carbon dioxide emissions are electricity and heating (31%) as well as farming (11%), transportation (15%), forestry (6%) and manufacturing (12%).

These sources can be found primarily in three different contexts: industrial processes, natural gas processing, and fuel combustion activities.By far, burning fossil fuels causes carbon to oxidize, which is what causes the biggest CO2 emissions.

The combustion of fossil fuels including gas, coal, and oil, deforestation, and volcanic eruptions are a few examples of carbon sources.

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A-36 steel is used to construct the w10x15 cantilevered beam, which is put under the indicated loading.

Moment of inertia for w10×15 is equal to 68.9in4 and Young's modulus for A–36 steel is equal to 29e3 ksi. Thus Slope at B can be given as,

θB = P₂x³/ (2EI) + P₁l³/ (2EI)

θB = (5 × 6³ + 9 × 12³)/ (2 × 29 × 10³ × 68.9)

θB = 0.0042rad

Therefore , displacement at B can be written as,

yB = P₂x³(3l - x)/ (6EI) + P₁l³(3l - l)/ (6EI)

yB = ( 5 × 6³ × (3 × 12 - 6) + 9 × 12³ × 2 × 12)/ (6 × 29 × 10³ × 68.9)

yB = 0.034ft

The given question is incomplete,

The W10×15 cantilevered beam is made of A-36 steel and is subjected to the loading shown. Suppose that w = 2.7 kip/ft .E = 29 (103) ksi and I = 68.9 in4. (Figure 1) Determine the slope of the beam B, measured counterclockwise from the positive x axis. Determine the displacement of the beam at B.

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Robot Mass stays the same. Anywhere in the universe, an object has the same mass as it has on Earth. Gravity affects an object's weight. The identical object weighs less on the moon than it does on Earth because there is less gravity there.

The mass and size of the moon also impact its gravitational pull. The moon won't draw things toward itself with the same force as the Earth because it has a lot less mass than the latter.

Therefore, This implies that even if robot mass remains the same, you would weigh less if you traveled to the moon.

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The maximum speed around a level curve is 30. 0 km/h. What is the maximum speed around a curve with twice the radius is 42.4 km/h.

Meaning of the maximum speed curve:

You might travel at a maximum speed of around 1.4 times as fast on a curve with a radius of 60 meters (twice as much), according to the equation, which also states that your maximum speed is proportional to the square root of the curve's radius.

According to that,

30 km/hr is the maximum speed.

New radius equals 2 r

In all scenarios, the centripetal force will be the same.

Calculating the new top speed around a curve is necessary.

Using the centripetal force formula:

[tex]\frac{mv^{2} }{r} = \frac{mv^{2}}{r}[/tex]

Fill out the formula with the value

[tex]\frac{v^{2} }{2r} = \frac{30^{2} }{2r}[/tex]

[tex]v= 30\sqrt{2} \ Km/h[/tex]

The maximum speed around a curve is therefore 42.4 km/h.

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The length of the minute hand of a wall clock is not relevant to finding the distance traveled by the end of the pointer in a given amount of time. The only important factors are the length of the hour hand and the amount of time that has passed.

If the length of the hour hand is X cm, then the distance traveled by the end of the pointer in 2 hours can be calculated as follows:

Distance traveled = (X * π * 2) cm

Here, π is the mathematical constant approximately equal to 3.14. The factor of 2 in the formula represents the number of hours that have passed. Therefore, to find the distance traveled in 2 hours, you would need to know the length of the hour hand and substitute it for X in the formula above.

Inductance is 42.0 mh, capacitance is c, and resistance is r in the part h a l - r - c series circuit. The angular frequency of oscillation without the resistor is 624 rad/s. The angular frequency with the resistor is 208 rad/s.

The difference between frequency and angular frequency (measured in radians per second) is twofold (measured in cycles per second, commonly known as Hz). Instead of the letter f, the sign stands in for frequency. a sphere with an axis around which it spins. The points farther from the axis are fulfilling and moving more quickly = v / r.

inductance (L) = 42 mH

                = 42 × 10⁻³ H

Angular frequency (ω) = 620 rad/sec

without the resistor, the angular frequency of oscillation is,

ω = 1/ √LC

or,  1/√LC = 620 rad/sec

or, 1/LC =  (620)²

or, C = 1 / (620)²× (42 × 10⁻³)

or, C = 6.19 × 10⁻⁵ F

With resistor, ω = 208 rad/sec

or, ω = R/L

or, R = ωL

or, R = (42 × 10⁻³) × (208)

or, R = 8.736 Ω.

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Question:

An L-R-C series circuit has inductance 42.0 mH, capacitance C, and resistance R. Without the resistor, the angular frequency of oscillation is 624 rad/s. With the resistor, the angular frequency is 208 rad/s.

Find the value of C.

Find the value of R.

By sending ultrasonic waves into to the water and listening for the returned echoes, a sonar may find these items.

So order to determine which way fish schools are travelling, fish finders employ high frequencies of tightly focused ultrasound that is transmitted at high voltage.

When a sonar signal or sound wave hits an object, it bounces back into the water.The signal is partially reflected back to the vessel by the fish, while the remaining portion travels to the ocean floor before returning to the boat.

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Two forces that make up electromagnetic forces related both the electric and magnetic forces are caused by the motion of charged particles such as electrons and is therefore denoted as option C.

This is referred to as the type of force which explains how both moving and stationary charged particles interact due to it occurs between electrically charged particles such as a

The electric and magnetic forces which are present are usually caused by the motion of charged particles such as electrons which is therefore the reason why option C was chosen as the correct choice.

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This graph shows the potential at the origin as -100 V. The x-axis represents distance from the origin and the y-axis represents the potential.

Potential is the ability to become real or actual. It is the capacity to do something, to become something, or to produce something. Potential is not something that is tangible or visible, but instead is an idea or concept. Potential is the potential to become something greater than what it is currently.

The graph shows that the potential decreases linearly with distance from the origin, indicating that the field has a uniform strength. The graph also shows that the potential at any given distance is equal to the potential at the origin (the y-intercept) minus the product of the distance and the field strength.

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Your electric utility company sends you a monthly bill informing you of the number of kilowatt- hours you have used that month therefore the utility is charging you for energy.

This is referred to as a type of service such as light, power etc which are  provided by a public utility.

Electricity utility send us a monthly bill of the number of unit consumed by our appliance per month and the amount you owe is derived by multiplying your utility's rate per kWh by the total kWhs you used that month. It is also how much energy is used over a certain time period which is therefore the reason why energy was chosen as the correct choice.

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A diffraction pattern involving parallel rays is called (c) Fraunhofer diffraction.

Because of the far-field location of observation and the increasingly planar nature of the outgoing diffracted waves passing through the aperture, Fraunhofer diffraction is a type of wave diffraction that takes place when field waves are passed through an aperture or slit. This only results in a change in the size of the observed aperture image.

The parallel rays approximation can be used to view it at distances beyond the near-field distance of Fresnel diffraction, which modifies the size and form of the observed aperture image. This only happens when the Fresnel number at these distances.

Fraunhofer diffraction, which is typically explained through the use of observational experiments utilizing lenses to intentionally diffract light, is based on the notion that a wave is split into many outgoing waves when passing through an aperture, slit, or hole. When waves pass through, they are split into two diffracted waves that move at right angles to one another and the remaining incoming wave. These waves are frequently used in observational techniques by placing a screen in their path so that the image-pattern observed can be seen.

Fraunhofer's diffraction equation:

= (See Diffraction - Single-slit diffraction):

= I (θ) = I 0 (sin (d π λ sin θ) d π λ sin θ) 2

where,

d is the slit width, λ is the wavelength, and θ is the observed angle.

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The net force on Planet Y because the gravitational force between planet XY and planet YZ is 5F₀.

Full question is in the attachment. Formula to calculate the gravitational force between two objects

F = G × (m₁ × m₂ ÷ r²)

The direction of the gravitational force between two objects on the first object is from the first object to the second object. The gravitational on planets X and Z

F₀ = G × (m₁ × m₃ ÷ r₃²)

F₀ = G × (M₀ × 9M₀ ÷ (3R₀)²)

F₀ = G × (9M₀² ÷ 9R₀²)

F₀ = G × (M₀²/R₀²)

On planet Y there are two forces

The net force on planet Y

F = F₂ - F₁

F = 9F₀ - 4F₀

F = 5F₀

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Answer:

Communication is a vital component to the scientific process. It helps the scientist, if he/she was making an invention, tell people or get advice about  the project, which couldn't be done without communication. Scientists need to communicate to learn, get advice, and collaborate with one another.

The cutoff frequency formula is 1 / (2 * pi * R * C).

What do you mean by cutoff frequency of a device?

The cutoff frequency of a device or system is the frequency at which its response starts to fall off sharply. It is the frequency above which the device or system does not pass or amplify signals effectively.

The cutoff frequency of a device or system can be calculated using the following formula:

cutoff frequency = 1 / (2 * pi * R * C)

where R is the resistance of the device or system, and C is the capacitance of the device or system.

The cutoff frequency is often used to describe the performance of electronic filters, such as low-pass filters, high-pass filters, and band-pass filters. It is also used to describe the performance of other types of systems, such as microphones and speakers.

Therefore, the cutoff frequency is formula is  1 / (2 * pi * R * C).

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Option D; A great strength of correlational research is the fact that it occurs in real-world settings.

When doing correlational research, which is a type of nonexperimental study, the researcher examines two variables and assesses their statistical relationship (i.e., the correlation) with little to no effort made to account for unrelated variables. Since it helps us to ascertain the magnitude and direction of correlations between two variables, correlational research is helpful. Contrarily, correlation is limited since it only provides evidence of a link and provides little information about its underlying mechanisms. Through the correlational method, relationships between variables are sought. For instance, a researcher would be interested to know if a user's privacy preferences in a social networking software are influenced by their personality, IQ, level of education, employment status, age, gender, income, and other factors

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Answer:

Explanation:

To find the increase in total internal energy, we first need to find the kinetic energy of the sledgehammer before it hits the spike. We can use the formula:

KE = (1/2) * m * v^2

where KE is the kinetic energy, m is the mass, and v is the velocity.

Plugging in the values, we get:

KE = (1/2) * 2.50 kg * (65 m/s)^2

KE = (1/2) * 2.50 kg * 4225 m^2/s^2

KE = 5212.5 J

Next, we need to find the amount of energy that is converted to internal energy. Since one third of the kinetic energy is converted to internal energy, we can multiply the kinetic energy by 1/3 to find this value:

E = 1/3 * 5212.5 J

E = 1737.5 J

Finally, we need to find the total internal energy increase by adding the energy converted to internal energy to the initial internal energy of the hammer and spike. Since the initial internal energy is zero, the total internal energy increase is simply the energy converted to internal energy:

Total internal energy increase = 1737.5 J

Therefore, the total internal energy increases by 1737.5 J when the sledgehammer hits the spike.

A suspension scaffold that uses a two point swing stage anchorage is preferably accessed from the ground or from a rooftop, and then either raised or lowered to its working location.

A two point adjustable suspension scaffold is sometimes referred to as a swing-stage scaffold and it is considered as the most common type of suspended scaffold.

Additionally, a two point adjustable suspension scaffold is designed and developed to be hung by cables (ropes) that are connected to stirrups at each end of the swing-stage scaffold platform, in order to enable the access of high-rise constructions and buildings.

According to the occupational safety and health administration (OSHA), a two point adjustable suspension scaffold can be accessed through the use of a ladder. However, the most preferred method of access is from the ground or from a rooftop, and then the scaffold should be either raised or lowered to its working location.

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Answer:

[tex]60^{\circ}[/tex] (assuming that air resistance is negligible.)

Explanation:

Let [tex]g[/tex] denote the gravitational field strength. If air resistance on the projectile is negligible:

Let [tex]\theta[/tex] denote the angle at which the projectile is launched. Let [tex]v[/tex] denote the initial velocity of the projectile:

Also because air resistance is negligible, vertical velocity of the projectile will be [tex]v_{y} = (-u_{y}) = (-v\, \sin(\theta))[/tex] right before the projectile lands. In other words, while the projectile was in the air, the change in vertical velocity would be [tex](-v\, \sin(\theta)) - (v\, \sin(\theta)) = (-2\, v\, \sin(\theta))[/tex].

Divide the change in velocity by acceleration to find the duration of the flight:

[tex]\begin{aligned}t &= \frac{v_{y} - u_{y}}{a_{y}} \\ &= \frac{(-v\, \sin(\theta)) - (v\, \sin(\theta))}{(-g)} \\ &= \frac{(-2\, v\, \sin(\theta))}{(-g)} \\ &= \frac{2\, v\, \sin(\theta)}{g}\end{aligned}[/tex].

Range measures the horizontal distance that this projectile has travelled. At a constant horizontal velocity of [tex]u_{x} = v\, \cos(\theta)[/tex], this projectile would travel a distance of:

[tex]\begin{aligned}(\text{range}) &= u_{x}\, t \\ &= (v\, \cos(\theta))\left(\frac{2\, v\, \sin(\theta)}{g}\right) \\ &= \frac{2\, v^{2}\, \sin(\theta)\, \cos(\theta)}{g}\end{aligned}[/tex].

Apply the double angle identity [tex]2\, \sin(\theta) \, \cos(\theta) = \sin(2\, \theta)[/tex] to further simplify this expression:

[tex]\begin{aligned}(\text{range}) &= \cdots \\ &= \frac{2\, v^{2}\, \sin(\theta)\, \cos(\theta)}{g} \\ &= \frac{v^{2}\, (2\, \sin(\theta)\, \cos(\theta))}{g} \\ &= \frac{v^{2}\, \sin(2\, \theta)}{g}\end{aligned}[/tex].

Note that in this question, [tex]v^{2}[/tex] and [tex]g[/tex] are both constant. Hence, for another angle of elevation [tex]\hat{\theta}[/tex], the range of the projectile will be the same as long as [tex]\sin(2\, \hat{\theta}) = \sin(2\, \theta)[/tex].

[tex]\sin(2\, \hat{\theta}) = \sin(2\, (30^{\circ}))[/tex].

Since [tex]0^{\circ} \le \hat{\theta} \le 90^{\circ}[/tex], [tex]0^{\circ} \le 2\, \hat{\theta} \le 180^{\circ}[/tex]:

[tex]\sin(2\, \hat{\theta}) = \sin(180^{\circ} - 2\, \hat{\theta}) = \sin(2\, (90^{\circ} - \hat{\theta}))[/tex].

Therefore, [tex]\hat{\theta} = 90^{\circ} - \theta = 90^{\circ} - 30^{\circ} = 60^{\circ}[/tex] will ensure that [tex]\sin(2\, \hat{\theta}) = \sin(2\, \theta)[/tex]. Launching the projectile at [tex]60^{\circ}[/tex] will reach the same range.

[tex]\begin{aligned}(\text{new range}) &= \frac{v^{2}\, \sin(2\, (60^{\circ}))}{g} \\ &= \frac{v^{2}\, \sin(2\, (30^{\circ}))}{g} = (\text{original range})\end{aligned}[/tex].