Describe the formation of the land, the atmosphere, and the oceans of earth

Enthalpy Changes the overall energy change in the substance portrayed in the graph at  48°C.

Mass (m) = 0.3 Kg

Initial temperature (T1) = 20°C

Heat (Q) added = 35 KJ

Specific heat capacity (C) = 4.18 KJ/Kg°C

Final temperature (T2)

The final temperature of water can be obtained as follow:

Q = MC(T2 – T1)

35 = 0.3 x 4.18 (T2 – 20)

35 = 1.254 (T2 – 20)

Clear the bracket

35 = 1.254T2 – 25.08

Collect like terms

1254T2 = 35 + 25.08

1.254T2 = 60.08

Divide both side by the coefficient of T2 i.e 1.254

T2 = 60.08/1.254

T2 = 47.9 ≈ 48°C

Therefore, the final temperature of the water is 48°C.

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Therefore, only half of the wave fits since it is evenly divided and a whole crest fits on the string; the longest wavelength standing-wave pattern which can fit on this guitar has a wavelength of 1 = 120 cm.

The distance of two wave crests is known as the wavelength, and it also applies to troughs. The amount of vibrations that travel across a certain area in one second is measured in cycles each second, or frequency.

The wavelength is calculated by calculating the distance between two identical positions on adjacent waves. The distance of one compressive to the next or from one conformational to the subsequent is measured in order to calculate the wavelength of such a longitudinal wave.

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a)An estimate of the mass of Mt. Everest is 4.7 × [tex]10^{13}[/tex] kg.

b)  The angle of the plumb bob is - 6.83 ×[tex]10^{-4}[/tex] degree.

Given data

h =  the height of the cone = 3910m

[tex]d_{1}[/tex]= the base diameter = 3910m

ρ = the mass per unit volume = 3000kg

d=the distance of the plumb bob from the center of Mt. Everest

  = 5.2km = 5200m

[tex]R_{earth}[/tex] = earth's radius = 6400000m

[tex]M_{earth}[/tex] = earth's mass = 5.97 ×[tex]10^{24}[/tex] kg

A) Mass = Volume × Density

      M = [tex]\frac{1}{3} \frac{\pi }{4} d_{1} ^{2} h[/tex] × ρ

      M = [tex]\frac{1}{3} \frac{\pi }{4} * (3910)^{2} * 3910 * 3000[/tex]

      M = 4.7 × [tex]10^{13}[/tex] kg

Therefore, an estimate of the mass of Mt. Everest is 4.7 × [tex]10^{13}[/tex] kg.

B) The plumb bob makes some angle with the vertical because it is subjected to the gravitational force from Mt. Everest and the gravitational force of the earth in the downward direction.

calculating the sideway force from Mt. Everest:

[tex]F_{x} = \frac{GM_{bob} * M }{d^{2} }[/tex]

calculating the downward force from the center of the earth:

[tex]F_{y} = \frac{GM_{bob} * M_{earth} }{R_{earth} ^{2} }[/tex]

then,

tanθ = [tex]\frac{{GM_{bob} * M }/{d^{2} }}{{GM_{bob} * M_{earth} }/{R_{earth} ^{2} }}[/tex]

tanθ= [tex]\frac{M * R_{earth} ^{2} }{M_{earth} * d }[/tex]

tanθ  = [tex]\frac{4.7 * 10^{13} * 6400000 }{5.97 * 10^{24} * 5200^{2} }[/tex]

          = 1.193 × [tex]10^{-5}[/tex]

θ = 6.83 × [tex]10^{-4}[/tex] degree

So, the angle of the plumb bob is - 6.83 ×[tex]10^{-4}[/tex] degree.

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The particles inside the ball are vibrating about a fixed position at the start of the experiment.

When the ball is heated using a Bunsen burner, it no more passes through the ring because the particles have increased kinetic energy, hence, they are able to vibrate across a larger space and more frequently, resulting in an increase in volume of the ball.

Radiation is a process of heat transfer that occurs through space and thus does not require an intervening material medium for heat transfer.

When heat energy is added to a substance, some of the observable effects include:

Heat is transferred through two main processes; conduction, convection, and radiation.

When an object is heated, the particles acquire kinetic energy and collide faster resulting in an increase in temperature as well as volume of the object.

Thisbis observed in the ball and ring experiment.

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The pulleys can be attached in such a way that the force required to lift the object will be less, and the direction of the pulley can be shifted systematically.

In the body, force is the result of either a push or a pull. The three main categories of forces are friction, nuclear, and gravitational. For instance, when a hand strikes a wall, the hand puts force on the wall and the wall also exerts a force on the hand. Newton was given a variety of laws to help him understand force.

We can move objects much more easily because of simple machinery called pulleys that can shift the direction of the force. When we employ many pulleys together, they also boost mechanical advantage. By using this method, less force is needed to raise an object.

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To induce a counterclockwise current in the circular loop of wire, you can use Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction.

Faraday's law states that the induced electromotive force (emf) in a closed circuit is equal to the negative of the rate of change of the magnetic flux through the circuit.

In this case, the magnetic field is directed out of the paper and is uniform within the square region. As the loop of wire is positioned half in and half out of the square region, the magnetic flux through the loop will change as the loop moves or as the magnetic field strength changes. This change in magnetic flux will induce an emf in the loop, which will cause a current to flow in the wire.

The direction of the current will be determined by Lenz's law, which states that the induced current will be in the direction that opposes the change in magnetic flux. Since the magnetic field is directed out of the paper and the loop is moving counterclockwise, the induced current will flow counterclockwise.

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They travel a horizontal distance of 4.17 m from the exit point before hitting the water.

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, according to the law of conservation of energy. However, it is capable of change from one form to another.

height of the slid: h = 3.1 m

horizontal movement above swimming pool: s = 1.4 m

Let the horizonal speed of the people at the end of the  water slide= v

Using energy conservation

mgh = 1/2 mv²

v = √(2gh)

Again time taken for falling s = 1.4 m under gravitation:

t = √(2s/g)

Hence, the horizontal distance  travelled = speed × time

= √(2gh)×√(2s/g)

= √(4hs)

= √(4 × 3.1 × 1.4)

= 4.17 m.

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Option F, with the GRAVITY arrow pointing to the right, is the appropriate diagram. By means of gravity, a planet and other body pulls items toward its core.

Moons are subject to the gravitational pull of planets. So because near side of the moon is subjected to a stronger pull compared to the far side, it is drawn into a slightly expanded shape. The moon seems to have a comparable differential pull to the Earth that causes ocean tides.

The Moon's and Earth's gravitational pull caused this particular case of tidal locking (called synchronous rotation).

One orbit of Sun is completed by the Earth in 365 and one-quarter days, or one year. The Earth rotates around the Moon just like the Moon does around the Sun. The Moon's orbit will last 27 1/2 days.

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The total weight in Newtown is 21.56 N.

The weight is an object is to the force of the acting on their object due to gravity.

Weight is a force described by the   physics which is due  to the gravitation pull of  earth mercury is the

It's magnitude can be the  calculated by multiplying the mass with the by the  acceleration due to gravity but to the

And direction is always to the the centre of earth has

the weight of an object is to the  force acting on their object by the  due to gravity. Something standard of living textbooks defined as the weight as a vector quantity, the gravtitational enegry and force to the relative acting on the object. Others define define weight as of scalar quantity, to the magnitude of the mangitude gravitational force.

Here earth acceleration due to gravity is g= 9.8 ms^-2

And mass is 2+0.2 = 2.2  kg

So weight is 2.2(9.8)

= 21.56 N

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The statement best describes Keisha's error is an object in either state of equilibrium must have no net force acting on it. The correct option is D.

When a system is in a state of dynamic equilibrium, the reversible reaction that is occurring in it no longer changes the ratio of reactants to products, but there is still the movement of substances between the reactants and products.

Because the thing will be moving, it won't be at rest. An object is considered to be static when it is at rest. The external forces that are acting on an object are what will make it move. When external forces are no longer acting on the object, it will travel up to that point.

Therefore, the correct option is D, An object in either state of equilibrium must have no net force acting on it.

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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below:

Which statement best describes Keisha's error?

An object that is not moving is always in static equilibrium.

O An object that is moving must be in dynamic equilibrium.

An object in either state of equilibrium must have no forces acting on it.

An object in either state of equilibrium must have no net force acting on it.

Explanation:

To find the magnitudes of the cyclist's radial and tangential accelerations when his speed is 10 m/s, we can use the equations for radial and tangential acceleration:

Radial acceleration: ar = v^2 / r

Tangential acceleration: at = a - ar

where ar is the radial acceleration, at is the tangential acceleration, v is the speed, r is the radius of the curve, and a is the acceleration (in this case, the deceleration of 0.5 m/s^2).

Plugging in the values given in the problem, we get:

ar = (10 m/s)^2 / (30 m) = 0.33 m/s^2

at = (-0.5 m/s^2) - (0.33 m/s^2) = -0.83 m/s^2

Therefore, the magnitude of the radial acceleration is 0.33 m/s^2, and the magnitude of the tangential acceleration is -0.83 m/s^2.

Note that the negative sign on the tangential acceleration indicates that it is directed opposite to the velocity, which is consistent with the fact that the cyclist is decelerating.

The value of the constant c is -17 m/s2.

To find the value of the constant c, you need to use the information given about the position of the particle and the force acting on it at time t = 3.0 s.

The position of the particle at time t = 3.0 s is given by x = 3.0 m + (4.0 m/s)t + ct2 - (2.0 m/s3)t3. Substituting t = 3.0 s into this equation gives:

x = 3.0 m + (4.0 m/s)(3.0 s) + c(3.0 s)2 - (2.0 m/s³)(3.0 s)3

= 3.0 m + 12.0 m + 9c - 54 m/s³

= 3.0 m + 12.0 m - 54 m/s³ + 9c

The force on the particle at time t = 3.0 s has a magnitude of 36 N and is in the negative direction of the x-axis. This means that the force is directed opposite to the direction of the positive x-axis. Since the force is proportional to the acceleration of the particle, the acceleration of the particle at time t = 3.0 s must also be in the negative direction of the x-axis.

The acceleration of the particle at time t = 3.0 s is given by the second derivative of the position with respect to time:

a = [tex]d^{2} \frac{x}{dt^{2} } = 2c[/tex]

Since the acceleration is in the negative direction of the x-axis, the value of c must be negative.

Substituting the value of the acceleration into the equation for the position of the particle at time t = 3.0 s gives:

x = 3.0 m + 12.0 m - 54 m/s³ + 9c

= 3.0 m + 12.0 m - 54 m/s³ - 9(-a/2)

= 3.0 m + 12.0 m - 54 m/s³ + 9a/2

= 3.0 m + 12.0 m - 54 m/s³ + 9(-36 N)/2

= 3.0 m + 12.0 m - 54 m/s³ - 162 N

= -147 m - 54 m/s³

Since the position of the particle at time t = 3.0 s is given as -147 m, the value of c must be:

c = (-147 m - 54 m/s³) / (9 s2)

= -17 m/s²

Therefore, the value of the constant c is -17 m/s².

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A 2.0 kg particle moves along an x-axis, being propelled by a variable force directed along that x-axis. Its position is given by x = 3.0 m + (4.0 m/s)t + ct2 - (2.0 m/s3)t3, with x in meters and t in seconds. The factor c is a constant. At t = 3.0 s, the force on the particle has a magnitude of 36 N and is in the negative direction of the axis. What is c?

The speed of light in air is 3.00x10^8 m/s, while the speed of light in glass is 2.00x10^8 m/s.

A photocell, also known as a photoresistor, is a type of electronic component that is sensitive to light. It is made up of a semiconductor material which changes its electrical resistance when exposed to light. Photocells are used in many applications such as street lamps, security systems, digital cameras, and light-dependent resistors. They are also used to control electric motors, dimmers, and light switches.

Given this information, we can calculate the index of refraction of the glass using the equation:

n = (speed of light in air)/(speed of light in glass)

The index of refraction of the glass is thus calculated to be 1.50.

When light passes from the air into the glass, it is refracted, changing its direction. The light is bent away from the normal by an angle θ given by the equation:

sin θ = (index of refraction of glass) x (sin θ/n)

The angle of refraction θ is thus calculated to be 25.8°.

Once the light is refracted, it travels through the glass and is again refracted when it exits the glass. The angle of refraction for the second refraction is calculated to be 25.2°.

The total time it takes for the light to travel from the laser to the photocell is the sum of the time it takes for the light to travel through air.

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If the power output of the engines is increased by 100% to 2P0, the airplane will be able to fly at a new speed of 1.26[tex]v_{0}[/tex].

As, P = F v

So, P = kv³

Then, v/v0 = [tex]\sqrt[3]{P/P0}[/tex].

Therefore, after substituting the values, the speed will be 1.26[tex]v_{0}[/tex].

What is power?

In physics, power is the amount of energy transferred or converted per unit of time. In the International System of Units, the unit of power is the watt, which is equivalent to 1 joule per second. In older works, force is sometimes called activity. Power is a scalar quantity.

Power is related to other quantities. For example, the power required to move a ground vehicle is the product of drag, wheel traction, and vehicle speed. The power of a motor is the product of the torque produced by the motor and the angular velocity of the output shaft. Similarly, the power dissipated in an electrical element of a circuit is the product of the current through the element and the voltage across the element.

If the power output of the engines is increased by 100% to 2P0, the airplane will be able to fly at a new speed of 1.26[tex]v_{0}[/tex].

As, P = F v

So, P = kv³

Then, v/v0 = [tex]\sqrt[3]{P/P0}[/tex].

Therefore, after substituting the values, the speed will be 1.26[tex]v_{0}[/tex].

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If there is an unexpected monetary contraction that shifts aggregate demand from AD1 to AD3, starting from long-run equilibrium at A with output equal to and the price level equal to P1, then the short-run non neutrality of money is represented by the movement from option A: point A to point B.

At point A, the economy is in long-run equilibrium, with output equal to and the price level equal to P1. The unexpected monetary contraction shifts aggregate demand from AD1 to AD3, which reduces the demand for goods and services in the economy.

This reduction in demand causes a decrease in the price level and a decrease in output. As a result, the economy moves from point A to point B on the AD-AS curve, where output is lower and the price level is lower.

Therefore, This movement represents the short-run non neutrality of money, as the unexpected monetary contraction has caused a change in both output and the price level in the short run.

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3. (Exhibit: AD–AS Shifts) Starting from long-run equilibrium at A with output equal to Y

and the price level equal to P1, if there is an unexpected monetary contraction that shifts

aggregate demand from AD1 to AD3, then the long-run neutrality of money is

represented by the movement from:

A) A to B.

B) A to G.

C) A to C.

D) A to D.

A satellite of mass mis orbiting Earth in a stable circular orbit of radius R, (a) Speed of satellite is v = sqrt(G x Mg/R). (b) total mechanical energy is E = KE + PE. (c)  the period of the satellite as orbit is T = 2 x pi x sqrt(R^3 / (G x Mg)).

(a) The speed of the satellite in its orbit can be derived using Kepler's second law of planetary motion, which states that a planet or satellite's orbital speed is inversely proportional to the square root of the distance from the center of the planet or satellite to the center of the primary body. This can be expressed mathematically as:

v = sqrt(G x Mg / R)

where v is the orbital speed of the satellite, G is the gravitational constant, Mg is the mass of Earth, and R is the radius of the satellite's orbit.

(b) The total mechanical energy of the satellite-Earth system in its orbit can be calculated using the formula for kinetic energy and the formula for gravitational potential energy. The kinetic energy of the satellite is given by:-

= KE

= 1/2 x m x v^2

The satellite's gravitational P.E. determined by:

= PE

= -G x Mg x m / R

The total mechanical energy of the satellite-Earth system is the sum of the kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy, so:

= E

= KE + PE

= 1/2 x m x v^2 - G x Mg x m / R

(c) The period of the satellite's orbit is the time it takes for the satellite to complete one full orbit around Earth. This can be calculated using the formula:-

= T

= 2 x pi x sqrt (R^3 / (G x Mg))

where T is the period of the orbit, G is the gravitational constant, Mg is the mass of Earth, and R is the radius of the satellite's orbit.

(d) If the new satellite has twice the mass of the original satellite, then its kinetic energy will be four times greater, since KE is proportional to m. However, the gravitational potential energy of the new satellite will also be four times greater, since PE is proportional to m. Since the total mechanical energy of the satellite-Earth system is the sum of the kinetic and gravitational potential energy, the total mechanical energy of the new satellite-Earth system will be the same as the total mechanical energy of the original satellite-Earth system. Therefore, the new satellite's orbital speed will be the same as the original satellite's orbital speed.

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The average temperature of London is warmer than that of Calgary in December as the oceanic currents warm the atmosphere in London.

Gravity, wind, and water density are what cause ocean currents, which are the continuous, predictable, directed movement of seawater. There are two directions in which ocean water can move: horizontally and vertically. Vertical shifts are referred to as upwellings or downwellings, while horizontal motions are known as currents.

Long-distance ocean currents combine to form the global conveyor belt, which is a major factor in determining the climate in many parts of the world. Ocean currents specifically affect the temperature of the areas they pass through.

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Answer:

Option (C)

Explanation:

All electric machines are not ideal, therefore they have some losses due to which efficiency being less than 100%.

The frequency of 3.84 x 10^14 Hz corresponds to a color in the blue-violet range of the visible spectrum. So, the color of the light emitted by the rubidium atom is blue-violet.

The frequency of light determines its position in the electromagnetic spectrum, which includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and gamma rays. The frequency of light that is visible to the human eye is in the range of approximately 400-700 nanometers (nm). This corresponds to a frequency range of approximately 7.5 x 10^14 Hz to 4.3 x 10^14 Hz.

The frequency of light emitted by the rubidium atom, 3.84 x 10^14 Hz, is within this range, so it is in the visible spectrum. To determine the color of the light, you can use the relationship between the frequency of light and its corresponding color. The colors of the visible spectrum, from lowest frequency to highest, are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet.

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Compared to a single comparable wire of length l but diameter 3d, the combination is the same resistance.

A conductor, such as an metal wire, acts as a conduit for the flow of electrons, which generate an electric current. With the atoms in the metal, the traveling electrons may collide. Resistant results from this and makes it more challenging for the stream to flow.

Utilizing Ohm's Law, one may determine resistance by measuring the voltage and current. Thus, if the observed values of current and voltage are known, the resistance value of a circuit may be calculated. The measurement of resistance is done using both analog and digital multimeters, which use Ohm's Law as their guiding principle.

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Answer: The vertical and horizontal distance of a projectile will be equal if the angle of projection is 45 degrees.

Explanation:

This is because at an angle of 45 degrees, the projectile will be equally influenced by the horizontal and vertical components of its motion. As a result, the projectile will travel the same distance horizontally as it does vertically.

For other angles of projection, the projectile will be more influenced by either the horizontal or the vertical component of its motion, depending on the angle. At an angle of 90 degrees (straight up), the projectile will be primarily influenced by the vertical component of its motion, while at an angle of 0 degrees (horizontal), the projectile will be primarily influenced by the horizontal component of its motion.

Answer:

 R = p_a d/A therefore RA/d = p_a = 2.67 x 10^-7 ohm m

Explanation:

Answer:

a. The velocity of the ball, if it is caught at a height of 1.5 m, is [14.9, 19.7] m/s.

To find the velocity of the ball if it is caught at a height of 1.5 m, we can use the equation:

vf^2 = vi^2 + 2ad

Where vf is the final velocity, vi is the initial velocity, a is the acceleration due to gravity (-9.8 m/s^2), and d is the change in position.

Plugging in the values given in the question, we get:

vf^2 = 20^2 + 2*(-9.8 m/s^2)*(1.5 m)

Solving for vf, we get:

vf = [14.9, 19.7] m/s

b. If the ball is caught at a height of 1.5 m, the mechanical work required is 0 J.

To find the mechanical work required, we can use the equation:

work = force * displacement

Plugging in the values given in the question, we get:

work = 6.5 N * (1.5 m - 1.5 m)

Solving for work, we get:

work = 0 J

Therefore, if the ball is caught at a height of 1.5 m, the mechanical work required is 0 J.

The average maximum height will be 103.7m.

A projectile is defined as an object that has an initial velocity and follows a path that dependent on the gravitational acceleration.

The gravitational force initially will act on the opposite direction until it reach the maximum height, and right after that, the gravitational force will accelerate the speed of the projectile.

The formular used will be;

[tex]H = \frac{1}{2} gt^{2}[/tex]

In this case, the initial velocity u = 0;

where g = 9.8m/s2

t = 4.6s

[tex]H = \frac{1}{2} (9.8)(4.6)^{2}[/tex]

H = 4.9 x 21.16

H = 103.7m.

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The north pole will receive 0 hours of sunshine on this day, which is the northern hemisphere solstice.

Northern Earth is inclined toward the Sun for a portion of our orbit. In the northern hemisphere, it is summer right now, which means there are longer daylight hours, a higher Sun, and more direct Sun rays hitting the ground, which results in warmer temperatures. Light is always present at the north pole!

Based on a 2003 estimate, Skilip, Turkey, was determined to be the geographic center of all surface waters on Earth. It is the place here on surface of the Earth where the total distances to all places on land are least, to put it another way.

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A stiff wire bent into a semicircle of radius a = 1.4 cm. The frequency is 30 Hertz and the amplitude of the emf induced in the loop is 1.16 x 10⁻³ V

Formula for the angular frequency is:

ω = 2πf

Where:

ω = angular frequency (rad/s)

f = frequency (Hertz)

In the given problem,

ω = 30 rev/sec = 30 x 2π rad/s

a) f = ω / 2π

f = 30 x 2π / 2π = 30 Hertz

b) The induced emf is:

ε = Bπ²a²f sin(ωt)

Where:

B = magnetic field

a = radius

In the given problem,

B = 20 x 10⁻³ T

a = 1.4 x 10⁻² m

Hence, the amplitude or the maximum emf is:

ε_max = Bπ²a²f

           = (20 x 10⁻³) π² (1.4 x 10⁻²)² (30) = 1.16 x 10⁻³ Volt

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Answer:

False

Explanation:

This can be proved through the simple force formula, [tex]\displaystyle{\sum \vec F = m\vec a }[/tex]. [tex]\displaystyle{\sum \vec F}[/tex] stands for net force, m is mass and [tex]\displaystyle{\vec a}[/tex] is acceleration.

As you see, force is equal to mass times acceleration. If we substitute mass = 9.0 kg and acceleration = 3 m/s² then we will have:

[tex]\displaystyle{\sum \vec F = 9.0 \, \text{kg} \, \times \, 3 \, \text{m/s}^2}[/tex]

This will result:

[tex]\displaystyle{\sum \vec F = 27 \, \text{kg}\cdot \text{m/s}^2}\\\\\displaystyle{\sum \vec F = 27\, N}[/tex]

Therefore, the force acting on the object should equal 27 N, not 3 N.