Describe the process of freezing ice cream in terms of heat flow.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Freezing the mix is one of the most important operations in making ice cream, for upon it depend the quality, palatability, and yield of the finished product. Typically, freezing of ice cream is accomplished in two steps: (1) dynamic freezing, where the mix is frozen quickly while being agitated to incorporate air and to limit the size of ice crystals formed; and (2) static freezing, where the partially frozen product is hardened without agitation in a special low-temperature environment designed to remove heat rapidly. Although these steps primarily encompass freezing, or the formation of ice crystals, there are several other important processes that take place during this time that significantly impact the quality of ice cream. Both the dispersion of air bubbles and rearrangement of fat globules occur during the freezing steps.

Explanation:


Related Questions

How much
much hydrogen gas evolved
when 1.5 current is passed through water for 1.5 hours?​

Answers

0.042 moles of Hydrogen evolved

Further explanation

Given

I = 1.5 A

t = 1.5 hr = 5400 s

Required

Number of Hydrogen evolved

Solution

Electrolysis of water ⇒ decomposition reaction of water into Oxygen and Hydrogen gas.

Cathode(reduction-negative pole) : 2H₂O(l)+2e⁻ ⇒ H₂(g)+2OH⁻(aq)

Anode(oxidation-positive pole) : 2H₂O(l)⇒O₂(g)+4H⁻(aq)+4e⁻

Total reaction : 2H₂O(l)⇒2H₂(g)+O₂(g)

So at the cathode H₂ gas is produced

Faraday : 1 mole of electrons (e⁻) contains a charge of 96,500 C

[tex]\tt mol~e^-=\dfrac{Q}{96500}[/tex]

Q = i.t

Q = 1.5 x 5400

Q = 8100 C

mol e⁻ = 8100 : 96500 = 0.084

From equation at cathode , mol ratio e⁻ : H₂ = 2 : 1, so mol H₂ = 0.042

Which one of these is NOT one of the characteristics of living things?
A.All living things reproduce.
B.All living things are composed of one or more cells.
C.All living things grow develop and have life spans.
D.All living things provides heat and light on Earth.

Answers

Answer:

D. All living things provides heat and light on Earth.

Explanation:

its the sun that does that

Answer:

option d.

Explanation:

all living things provides heat and light on Earth.

A patient is prescribed 100mg/day of antibiotic for 2 weeks. The antibiotic is available in vials that contain 20mg/vial of the drug. How many vials are necessary for the entire treatment?

Answers

i have no idea, but i’m pretty sure you gotta divide

if Fe(NO3)3 is dissolved in enough water to make exactly 323 ml of solution, what is the molar concentartion of nitrate ion g

Answers

The given question is incomplete. the complete question is : If 5.15 g[tex]Fe(NO_3)_3[/tex] is dissolved in enough water to make exactly 323 ml of solution, what is the molar concentartion of nitrate ion.

Answer:  The molar concentartion of nitrate ion is 0.195.

Explanation:

Molarity of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved per Liter of the solution.

Given : 5.15 g of [tex]Fe(NO_3)_3[/tex] is dissolved

Volume of solution = 323 ml

[tex]Molarity=\frac{n\times 1000}{V_s}[/tex]

where,

n= moles of solute

[tex]Moles=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}=\frac{5.15g}{242g/mol}=0.021moles[/tex]  

[tex]V_s[/tex] = volume of solution = 323 ml

[tex]Molarity=\frac{0.021\times 1000}{323}=0.065M[/tex]

As 1 M of [tex]Fe(NO_3)_3[/tex] gives 3 M of [tex]NO_3^-[/tex] ions.

Thus 0.065 M of [tex]Fe(NO_3)_3[/tex] gives  = [tex]\frac{3}{1}\times 0.065=0.195M[/tex] of [tex]NO_3^-[/tex] ions.

The molar concentartion of nitrate ion is 0.195.

3) Tears are produced by the lacrimal glands located:
A) above the lateral canthus of each eye
B) below the medial canthus of each eye
C) below the lateral canthus of each eye
D) above the medial canthus of each eye
E) behind the nasal bones

Answers

The answer is C) below the lateral can thus of each eye

4. On the island of Hawaii, Keanu notices that the sand on the beach is black, the same color as the
rock formations on the island. Keanu realizes the sand used to be part of the rock formations. How
did material from the rock formations turn into sand?

Answers

Answer:

The ricks were degraded over time by wind and water and were crushed down into tiny, smaller rocks, which is sand.

Explanation:

This is my first answer sorry im not that smart

How would a long period without sunlight affect the food web? PLEZZ HELP MEH IF YOU WANT BRAINEIST AND LIKE COMMENTED


It would cause consumers to consume more food.

It would have no effect on the food web.

It would stop decomposers from breaking down matter.

It would stop producers from producing food.

Answers

Answer:

im pretty sure its the last one

Explanation:

if plants dont have sun light they will die because the sunlight gives them the nutrients to survive

When iron is combined with copper (1) nitrate, it produces iron (II) nitrate and
copper. Which of the following could NOT be a mole ratio in this chemical
reaction?

A)1 mole Fe / 2 mole Cu

B)1 mole Fe(NO3)2 / 2 mole Cu

C)2 mole Cu(NO3)2 / 2 mole Fe

D)1 mole Fe(NO3)2 / 1 mole Fe

Answers

Answer:

C)2 mole Cu(NO3)2 / 2 mole Fe

Explanation:

I'm pretty sure.

When iron is combined with copper (1) nitrate, it produces iron (II) nitrate and copper. The following could NOT be a mole ratio in this chemical reaction is:

D) 1 mole Fe(NO₃)₂ / 1 mole Fe

To determine which of the given mole ratios could NOT be part of the chemical reaction between iron and copper(1) nitrate, we need to write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction and then compare it to the given ratios.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:

Fe + Cu(NO₃)₂ → Fe(NO₃)₂ + Cu

A) 1 mole Fe / 2 mole Cu

This mole ratio is consistent with the balanced chemical equation, where 1 mole of Fe reacts with 2 moles of Cu(NO₃)₂ to produce 1 mole of Fe(NO₃)₂ and 1 mole of Cu. So, this ratio could be part of the chemical reaction.

B) 1 mole Fe(NO₃)₂ / 2 mole Cu

This mole ratio is also consistent with the balanced chemical equation, where 1 mole of Fe(NO₃)₂ is produced by reacting 2 moles of Cu(NO₃)₂. So, this ratio could be part of the chemical reaction.

C) 2 mole Cu(NO₃)₂ / 2 mole Fe

This mole ratio is consistent with the balanced chemical equation, where 2 moles of Cu(NO₃)₂ react to produce 2 moles of Fe(NO₃)₂. So, this ratio could be part of the chemical reaction.

D) 1 mole Fe(NO₃)₂ / 1 mole Fe

This mole ratio implies that 1 mole of Fe(NO₃)₂ is produced by reacting with 1 mole of Fe, which is not consistent with the balanced chemical equation. The equation shows that 1 mole of Fe reacts with 1 mole of Cu(NO₃)₂ to produce 1 mole of Fe(NO₃)₂ and 1 mole of Cu. Therefore, this ratio could NOT be part of the chemical reaction.

So, the correct answer is:

D) 1 mole Fe(NO₃)₂ / 1 mole Fe

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What causes the moon to be illuminated?
A. concave
B. reflection
C. medium
D. refraction

Answers

Answer:

Reflection

Explanation:

The light from Earth's surface, reflected back towards the Moon, can illuminate it all the same. This is why, when the Moon is in a crescent phase, you can still see features on the dark portion of the Moon: we call this reflected, illuminating light the phenomenon of Earthshine.

How many milliliters of 60% carbonic acid must be mixed with how many milliliters of 15% carbonic acid to make 650 milliliters of a 38% carbonic acid solution

Answers

Answer:

348.9 mL of the 60% solution and 251.1 mL of the 15% solution.

Explanation:

First, we calculate how many mililiters of pure carbonic acid are there in 650 mL of a 38% solution:

650 mL * 38/100 = 247 mL

Then we can express the sum of both initial solutions as:

1)  x * 60/100 + y * 15/100 = 247

for the volume of carbonic acid; and

2)  x + y = 600 mL

For the volume of the solutions.

We now have a system of two equations and two unknowns (x is the volume of the 60% solution and y is the volume of the 15% solution).

We express x in terms of y in equation 2):

x = 600 - y

And replace x in equation 1):

(600 - y) * 60/100 + y * 15/100 = 247360 - 0.6y + 0.15y = 247-0.45y = -113y = 251. 1 mL

Finally we calculate x using equation 2):

x + 251.1 = 600x = 348.9 mL

Is it possible to ever separate the components of a mixture

Answers

Answer: yes they can

Explanation: Mixtures can be physically separated by using methods that use differences in physical properties to separate the components of the mixture, such as evaporation, distillation, filtration and chromatography.

Answer: A mixture is composed of two or more types of matter that can be present in varying amounts and can be physically separated by using methods that use physical properties to separate the components of the mixture, such as evaporation, distillation, filtration and chromatography.

Explanation:

Yes

Write down the possible types of atomic
Orbitals of n=4​

Answers

Answer:

2

Explanation:

because first shell ( k shell ) needs only 2 electron to complete its octet .

hope it helps

It’s actually 16 orbitals for n = 4!

How do waves interact with matter ?

Answers

Waves interact with matter in several ways. The interactions occur when waves pass from one medium to another. Besides bouncing back like an echo, waves may bend or spread out when they strike a new medium. These three ways that waves may interact with matter are called reflection, refraction, and diffraction.

When waves travel from one medium to another, they interact. When waves hit a new medium, they may bend or spread out instead of bouncing back like an echo. These three interactions of waves with matter are known as reflection, refraction, and diffraction.

What are wave interactions examples?

Interactions include reflection, refraction, and diffraction. An example of wave reflection is an echo. Refraction occurs when waves bend at an angle as they enter a new medium. When waves spread out as they travel through an opening in an obstacle, this is referred to as diffraction.

When two or more waves collide, they interact with one another. Wave interference is the interaction of waves with other waves. When two waves traveling in opposite directions collide, wave interference occurs.

Thus, the interactions of waves with matter are known as reflection, refraction, and diffraction.

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Which of the following is/are true regarding initial and maximal velocity of enzyme-mediated reactions?

a. At very low substrate concentrations, the initial velocity of an enzyme reaction will be lower than the maximal velocity of the enzyme reaction.
b. When an enzyme behaves with Michaelis-Menten kinetics, the initial velocity of that enzyme reaction changes with substrate concentration, but the maximal velocity of that particular enzyme remains the same at a constant enzyme concentration and identical reaction conditions
c. Initial velocity is maintained until maximal velocity is reached.
d. The initial velocity is determined by the slope of the line at the beginning of a reaction when one plots the experimental results of reaction time versus product formed. Maximal velocity is then determined by when the initial velocity no longer significantly changes with increasing substrate concentration.

Answers

Answer:

a. True

b. True

c. False

d. True

Explanation:

a). A a very low substrate concentration , [tex]$S<< Km$[/tex]. Thus according to the Machaelis-Menten equation becomes

[tex]$V_0 = \frac{V_{max} \times [S]}{Km}$[/tex]

Here since the [tex]$V_0$[/tex] varies directly to the substrate concentration [S], the initial velocity is lower than the maximal velocity. Thus option  (a) is true.

b). The Michaelis -Menten kinetics equation states that :

   [tex]$V_0 = \frac{V_{max} \times [S]}{Km+[S]}$[/tex]

  Here the initial velocity changes directly with the substrate concentration as [tex]$V_0$[/tex] is directly proportional to [S]. But [tex]$V_{max}$[/tex] is same for any particular concentration of the enzymes. Thus, option (b) is true.

c). As the substrate concentration increases, the initial velocity also increases. Thus option (c) is false.

d). Option (d) explains the procedures to estimate the initial velocity which is correct. Thus, option (d) is true.

A barium atom (Ba) would form its most stable ion by the 1. gain of one electron. 2. loss of one electron. 3. loss of 56 electrons. 4. gain of two electrons. 5. loss of two electrons.

Answers

By definition, the correct answer is option 5. A barium atom (Ba) would form its most stable ion by the loss of two electrons.

An ionic bond is produced between metallic and non-metallic atoms, where electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another. During this process, one atom loses electrons and another one gains them, forming ions. Usually, the metal gives up its electrons forming a cation to the nonmetal element, which forms an anion.

In other words, anions are negatively charged ions and are formed when metals gain electrons. Cations are positively charged ions and are formed when a metal loses electrons.

The electrostatic attraction between positives and negatives attracts the particles to each other and creates an ionic compound.

A barium (Ba) atom is a metal, so it loses 2 electrons to comply with the octet rule, which states that the atoms of the elements bond together in an attempt to complete their valence shell, leaving the atom stable with 8 electrons in its last shell and thus be stable.

Finally, the correct answer is option 5. A barium atom (Ba) would form its most stable ion by the loss of two electrons.

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How many pounds of gold ore would need to be processed to obtain 5 grams of gold (Au) if the ore is 0.1% gold by mass?

Answers

Pounds of gold ore :  11,02311

Further explanation

Given

5 g of gold

0.1% gold by mass

Required

Pounds of gold ore

Solution

[tex]\tt \%mass~gold=\dfrac{mass~gold}{mass~ore}\times 100\%[/tex]

For percent mass = 0.1%, than mass of gold ore :

[tex]\tt 0.1\%=\dfrac{5~g}{mass~ore}\times 100\%\\\\mass~ore=\dfrac{5\times 100}{0.1}\\\\mass~ore=5000~g[/tex]

Conversion factor :

1 g = 0,00220462 pound, than for 5000 g = 11,02311 pounds

How does energy from Earth’s interior affect surface changes?

Answers

Answer:

Energy produced deep inside Earth heats rock in the mantle. ... As it becomes less dense, the heated rock rises toward Earth's surface. The cooler, denser rock surrounding the heated rock sinks, as Figure 5 shows. In this way, heat inside Earth moves toward the cooler crust.

Explanation:

do you like my og name

Energy from Earth’s interior affect surface changes due to:

Earth heat transport occurs by conduction, mantle convection, hydrothermal convection, and volcanic advection. Thus, about 99% of Earth's internal heat loss at the surface is by conduction through the crust, and mantle convection is the dominant control on heat transport from deep within the Earth.Tectonic processes and flow in Earth's interior drive deformation of Earth's surface that can lead to destructive earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions.

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How many bonding and non-bonding electron pairs are found in the BF3 molecule?​

Answers

Answer:

MARK AS BRAINLIEST

Explanation:

Boron trifluoride only has six valence electrons and is one of the relatively rare second period covalent molecules that disobeys the octet rule. There are three bonded groups and so no lone pairs. Six electrons implies three electron pairs and therefore a trigonal geometry.

3 bonding and 0 non-bonding electron pairs are found in the BF3 molecule.

What is bonding?

Chemical Bonding refers to the formation of a chemical bond between two or more atoms, molecules, or ions to give rise to a chemical compound.

Boron trifluoride only has six valence electrons and is one of the relatively rare second-period covalent molecules that disobeys the octet rule.

There are three bonded groups and so no lone pairs. Six electrons imply three electron pairs and therefore a trigonal geometry.

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The subatomic particle that is different in isotopes

Answers

Answer:

Neutrons

Explanation:

Subatomic particles are components atoms, and they include protons, electrons and neutrons. In different isotopes of an atom, the number of neutrons that the atom contains is what changes.

I hope this helps!

HELP me plzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

bblblblbllbllbllb1234w

What would you use to determine whether an acid or alkali has been added to a solution?
A. Reactant
B. Indicator
C. Adjustor
D. Identifier

Answers

Answer:

B. Indicator

Explanation:

An indicator is used to determine whether an acid or alkali has been added to a solution.

An acid or alkali changes the hydrogen ion concentration in solution. This is indicated by the pH of the solution after which the acid or alkali has been added.

To see this change, indicators are used. An indicator employs color changes to show a change in chemical properties which pertains to the pH. There are several indicators used which are litmus paper, phenolphthalein, methyl orange

Find the molar mass of C3H60

Answers

Answer:

The molar mass and molecular weight of C3H6O is 58.0791.

Explanation:

11-Which of the following would NOT be a Compound?
A?
B?
C?
D?

Answers

Answer:

A because it is not small enough

Explanation:

It's a of c Yea a or so pick that

What gases make up Jupiter? Name moons of Jupiter Can Jupiter sustain life How many rings does Jupiter have The weather on Jupiter​

Answers

Answer: Jupiter is made up predominantly of hydrogen. Jupiter's Moon, Europa, might be able to support life. Jupiter has 3 skinny rings. Usually around -234 degrees Fahrenheit.

What happens when an electric charge moves

Answers

Answer:

When an electric charge moves, heat is dissipated due to the drift velocity hence current is induced

(I will give a Brainliest)
How would you describe the change in the arrangement of particles as heat energy and
temperature increase?

Answers

The particles would be more scattered out as those three factors increase.
With an increase in temperature, the particles move faster as they gain kinetic energy, resulting in increased collision rates and an increased rate of diffusion. ... With an increase in temperature, the particles gain kinetic energy and vibrate faster and more strongly

What is Darwin's name for species that do not appear to have changed for millions of years?

Answers

Since, the options have not been given the question is incomplete.

What is Darwin's name for species that do not appear to have changed for millions of years?

a.

Dinosaurs

b.

Living fossils

c.

Old souls

d.

Ancient moderns

Answer: b. Living fossil

Explanation:

In 1859 Charles Darwin proposed the term living fossil, that means a species or group of species that had not changed in terms of evolutionary context thus can be useful in tracing the extinct or previously existing forms of life. The examples of the living fossils are horseshoe crabs, ginkgo (Conifers) and tuatara. These group of animals were existed unchanged in the Ordovician, Permian, and Triassic periods respectively with few surviving species.

Answer:

the answer is living fossils so it would be b

Explanation:

how do i know i took the test

(b) What is the solubility of lead chromate in moles per dmcube ksp
for PbC10,=2.8x10*-13 mole/dmº​

Answers

The solubility of lead chromate : s= 5.29 x 10⁻⁷ mol/L

Further explanation

Given

Ksp  for PbCl,=2.8x10*-13 mole/dmº

PbCrO4

Required

The solubility

Solution

P b C r O ₄ ( s ) ⇌ P b²⁺( a q) +C r O ₄ ⁻²( a q )

s                     s               s

s= solubility

Ksp P b C r O ₄  = s²

K s p  = [ P b ²⁺] [C r O ₄ ⁻² ]= 2.8x10⁻¹³

s = √2.8x10⁻¹³

s= 5.29 x 10⁻⁷ mol/L

What is the poH of a
2.6 x 10-6 M H+ solution?
pOH = [?]

Answers

Answer:

pOH = 8.41

Explanation:

From the question given above, we obtained the following information:

Concentration of Hydrogen ion [H⁺] = 2.6×10¯⁶ M

pOH =?

Next, we shall determine the pH of the solution. This can be obtained as follow:

Concentration of Hydrogen ion [H⁺] = 2.6×10¯⁶ M

pH =?

pH = – Log [H⁺]

pH = – Log (2.6×10¯⁶)

pH = 5.59

Finally, we shall determine the pOH of the solution. This can be obtained as follow:

pH = 5.59

pOH =?

pH + pOH = 14

5.59 + pOH = 14

Collect like terms

pOH = 14 – 5.59

pOH = 8.41

Therefore, the pOH of the solution is 8.41

Answer:

8.41

Explanation:

at the molecular level what form of energy do the molecules have?

Answers

Answer:

kinetic energy I think so

The form of energy molecules have at the molecular level is Kinetic energy.

Kinetic energy is defined as the energy possessed by a body as a result of its motion or movement.

Molecules interact with one another through various movements that occur

within them. This happens to aid the formation of new substances in the

ecosystem. The three states of matter exhibit varying degree of movement

within its molecules.

The energy is usually in the form of chemical energy also and is the reason

why kinetic energy is the most suitable choice.

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