Yes, lemon juice can cause rust on some metals. Lemon juice is acidic and can corrode some metals, such as iron and steel, when left exposed to air.
What do you mean by Rust?
Rust is a general term for iron oxide, a chemical compound that forms when iron and oxygen react with each other in the presence of water or air moisture. It is a reddish-brown corrosion product that is formed on the surface of metals that contain iron. Rust is an example of corrosion, which is the breakdown of materials due to chemical reactions with their environment.
Lemon juice is acidic and contains citric acid, which can corrode some metals, such as iron and steel, when left exposed to air. The acid in lemon juice reacts with the metal surface, causing the metal to rust. The rusting process can be accelerated by the presence of oxygen, moisture, and salt. The more acidic the lemon juice, the more likely it is to cause rust.
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which statement is not true about ionic bonds
Ionic bonds do not follow the rule that an ion has the same number of electrons as a nonionic atom of the same element.
Chemical bonds known as ionic bonds produce two ions with opposing charges. The entire transfer of valence electrons between atoms is referred to be this bonding. A molecule or compound is created when two atoms combine through a chemical link. Furthermore, they are connected by this relationship. The fact that this link can be ionic or covalent is most notable. Ionic bonds also involve the donation of an electron from one atom to another for stability. In covalent connections, however, the electrons and the atoms are shared. Between a metal and a non-metal, an ionic connection develops in which the non-metal draws the electron from the other atom.
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1) List the following sets of quantum numbers in order increasing energy:
I . n=4, / = 1, m/=1, ms = +1/2
II. n=3, /=2, m/= -1, ms = +1/2
III. n=4, / =0, m/ = 0, ms = +1/2
The increasing energy order of the quantum numbers is III < II < I.
What are quantum numbers?There are a total of four quantum numbers in atoms: primary quantum number (n)orbital angular momentum quantum number (l), magnetic quantum number (ml), electron spin quantum number (ms). However, other possibilities include angular momentum, spin, etc. Quantum numbers frequently specifically characterize the energy levels of electrons in atoms. Flavour quantum numbers, which are internal quantum numbers that determine a particle's kind and how it interacts with other particles using basic forces, are a significant family of quantum numbers. It is challenging to compile a list of all conceivable quantum numbers because any quantum system can have one or more quantum numbers.Here, the increasing energy order of the sets of quantum numbers is III < II < I.To learn more about quantum numbers, refer:
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what are the disadvantages of using ionic compounds and covalent compounds in domestic?
Answer:
There are several disadvantages of using ionic compounds and covalent compounds in domestic settings:
> Ionic compounds are generally less stable and less resistant to changes in temperature and humidity than covalent compounds. This means that they may degrade or decompose over time, leading to reduced effectiveness or even hazards.
> Ionic compounds often have a high melting point and boiling point, making them difficult to handle and store. They may also be sensitive to heat, light, or moisture, which can affect their stability and performance.
> Ionic compounds can be corrosive and toxic, making them potentially harmful to humans and animals. Some ionic compounds, such as bleach and ammonia, can cause respiratory issues and skin irritation.
> Covalent compounds can be expensive to manufacture, as they often require specialized equipment and high temperatures and pressures to synthesize. This can make them less cost-effective for domestic use.
> Covalent compounds may also have a low melting point and boiling point, making them prone to decomposition or evaporation. They may also be flammable or explosive, posing a risk of fire or explosion in domestic settings.
Overall, it is important to carefully consider the properties and potential risks of using ionic and covalent compounds in domestic settings, and to follow safety guidelines and instructions for handling and storing these substances.
1. what is galena chemical formula
Which of the following statements correctly describe the effect of molecular polarity on the behavior of a molecular compound?
a. The physical properties of a molecular compound are directly related to molecular polarity.
b. A polar compound will experience stronger intermolecular forces than a non polar compound.
The following statements correctly describe the effect of molecular polarity is a) The physical properties of a molecular compound are directly related to molecular polarity.
b) A polar compound will experience stronger intermolecular forces than a non polar compound.
The following statements correctly describe the effect of molecular polarity on the behavior of a molecular compound are :
a) The physical properties of the compounds is depends on the physical properties of the molecular compound such as the boiling point , the melting point , the solubility etc.
b) The polar compounds will have the stronger force of intermolecular attraction , the boiling point of the polar compound is high that's means it has strong intermolecular forces.
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Which of the representative elements tend to form positive ions which tend to form negative ions?
The elements tend to form positive ions which tend to form negative ions is known as a metal.
Metals as we know are the most common elements that produce positive ions. This is because of a metals' low electronegativity. Positive ions can be formed by nonmetals as well, but this is no very common they generally form negative ions known as anions.
Metals are reactive in nature and tends to gain stability be reacting with other elements and losing electrons to form cations.
The reactivity series of metals is a series using which we can see which metal has the highest and which metal has the lowest reactivity.
The given question is incomplete I have answered it as per my general knowledge.
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What is the osmolarity of a 20% NaCl solution?
The osmolarity of a 20% NaCl solution is 6.8 osmoles/L.
What is osmolarity?
In contrast to osmolality, which refers to the number of solute particles per kilogram of solvent, osmolarity refers to the number of solute particles per liter of solution.
20 % Sodium chloride:
Convert percent to molarity: 20 gm / 100 ml = 200 gm / L
Sodium is 22.99 g and Chlorine is 35.45 g,
Therefore, the molecular weight of Sodium chloride is 22.99 + 35.45, that is 58.44 grams per mole.
Molarity of Sodium chloride = 200 gm/L / (molecular weight of Sodium chloride) = 200 / 58.44 = 3.4 M
There are 2 osmoles of Sodium chloride per mole, so:
Osmolarity of 20% Sodium chloride = Molarity X 2
osmolarity = 3.4 X 2
osmolarity = 6.8 osmoles/L
Therefore, the osmolarity of a 20% Sodium chloride solution is 6.8 osmoles/L.
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In the structure of 4-isopropyl-2,4,5-trimethylheptane, identify the primary, secondary, and tertiary hydrogens.
Answer:
The classifications of the carbon as primary secondary tertiary and quaternary depends on the number of the carbon atoms attached to a carbon. In case, the carbon is attached to a single carbon, then it is referred as primary carbon. If the carbon is attached to two carbons, then it is referred as the secondary carbon, if the carbon is attached to three carbons then it is referred as tertiary, and if the carbon forms all the bond with another carbon atom then it is referred as quatenary carbon.
The given below is the picture showing the primary, secondary, tertiary, and quarternary carbons in 4-isopropyl-2,4,5-trimethylheptane:
Explanation:
calcium nitrate and ammonium fluoride react to form calcium fluoride, dinitrogen monoxide, and water vapor. what mass of each substance is present after 13.36 g of calcium nitrate and 13.92 g of ammonium fluoride react completely?
The mass of each substances are Calcium nitrate = 0.08146 mole, Ammonium fluoride = 0.37 mole , Calcium fluoride = 6.3538 g, Dinitrogen monoxide=7.16848 g and Water= 5.86512 g
Ca(NO3)2 + 2 NH4F → CaF2 + 2 N2O + 4 H2O.
1. convert the given reactant mass into moles.
Calcium nitrate : 13.36/164=0.08146 mole
Ammonium Fluoride : 13.92/37 = 0.37 mole
One mole of Ca(NO3)2 completely reacts with 2 moles of
Ammonium Fluoride = 2 x 0.08146 =0.16292.
mole of NH4F reacts completely with calcium nitrate .
Ammonium Fluoride left = 0.37 - 0.16292 = 0.20708 mole
= 0.20708x 37 = 7.66 g is left.
Calcium nitrate is the limiting reagent:
Amount of CaF2 formed = 0.08146 mole * 78 = 6.3538 g.
(since one mole of Calcium nitrate gives one mole of CaF2).
Amount of dinitrogen monoxide formed = 0.08146x2x44= 7.16848 g
Amount of water formed =0.08146x4x18= 5.86512 g.
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two identical, side-by-side springs with spring constant 280 n/m support a 3.00 kg hanging box.
The stretch in each spring is 0.0525 m.
Each spring's spring constant: k=280 N/m
The box's mass: m = 3.00 kg
The weight of a box can be calculated by multiplying it's own mass by gravity's acceleration: (g = 9.8 m/s^2)
The weight of the box is:
[tex]F_{g} = mg = (3 kg) (9.8 m/s^{2}) = 29.4 N[/tex]
Because they are identical, each spring will facilitate half of the weight of a box, so:
[tex]F_{\frac{1}{2}} = \frac{29.4 N}{2} = 14.7 N[/tex]
So every spring would then obey Hooke's law, that also gives the spring's extension distance, Δx
based on the spring constant (k) and the force (F) applied to the spring, the equation is : Δx = F/k
Δx = 14.7 N/280 N/m
⇒ = 0.0525 m
As a result, the stretch either in spring is = 0.0525 m.
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Mass of a MgCO3 molecule in kg? (1.00 amu = 1.66 x 10^(-24) g)
To find the mass of a MgCO3 molecule in kilograms, you can first determine the molar mass of MgCO3 in grams/mol, and then divide that value by the conversion factor between grams and kilograms.
The molar mass of a substance is the mass of one mole of that substance, and it is typically expressed in grams/mol. The molar mass of MgCO3 is 84.311 g/mol. This can be calculated by adding up the atomic weights of the individual elements in the molecule:
Mg: 24.305 g/mol
C: 12.01 g/mol
O: 16.00 g/mol
Total: 52.315 g/mol
To find the mass of one MgCO3 molecule in kilograms, you can divide the molar mass of MgCO3 (84.311 g/mol) by the conversion factor between grams and kilograms, which is 1000 g/kg. This gives you a mass of 0.08431 kg/mol for MgCO3.
To find the mass of a single MgCO3 molecule in kilograms, you would need to divide this value by Avogadro's number, which is the number of atoms or molecules in one mole of a substance. Avogadro's number is 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol or molecules/mol.
So the mass of a single MgCO3 molecule in kilograms would be:
(0.08431 kg/mol) / (6.022 x 10^23 molecules/mol) = 1.40 x 10^(-25) kg
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any questions.
Draw the 6 Newman projections of 2,2,5,5-tetramethylhexane of all the different energy levels. Label each as staggered or eclipsed and rank in order from lowest energy to highest
Here are the six Newman projections of 2,2,5,5-tetramethylhexane:
Lowest energy:
/C
/ \
/C C\
/ \ / \
C/ C \C
\ / \ /
\C C/
\ /
\C
This conformation is staggered.
/C
/ \
/C C\
/ \ / \
C/ H \C
\ / \ /
\C C/
\ /
\C
This conformation is eclipsed.
/C
/ \
/C C\
/ \ / \
C/ H \H
\ / \ /
\C C/
\ /
\C
This conformation is eclipsed.
/H
/ \
/C C\
/ \ / \
C/ H \C
\ / \ /
\C C/
\ /
\C
This conformation is eclipsed.
/H
/ \
/C C\
/ \ / \
C/ C \C
\ / \ /
\C C/
\ /
\H
This conformation is staggered.
Highest energy:
/H
/ \
/C C\
/ \ / \
H/ C \C
\ / \ /
\C C/
\ /
\H
This conformation is eclipsed.
In order from lowest energy to highest, the conformations are: 1, 5, 2, 4, 3, 6.
What are Newman's projections?The three-dimensional structure of a molecule may be better understood with the assistance of a graphic known as a Newman projection.
This projection stares down a carbon-carbon bond the majority of the time, making it a particularly effective approach to depict the stereochemistry of alkanes.
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lewis structure of pof3
Answer:
Explanation:
The shape of POF3 lewis structure is tetrahedral. The valency of P can extend up to 5. The central atom is connected to 4 atoms that are arranged in a tetrahedral fashion to avoid repulsion among the bonding pairs. There is also a double bond between P and O and 3 single bonds between P and F.
Choose the best Lewis structure for SF_4. Choose the best Lewis structure for CH_2Cl_2.
The best Lewis structure for SF₄ is option A. Choose the best Lewis structure for CH₂Cl₂ is B. T structure attached bellow.
The chemical SF₄ stands for sulfur tetraflouride. It contains 34 valence electrons in total and a formal charge of 0.
The molecule has a trigonal bipyramidal electron geometry since the core element is sulfur in an sp³d hybridization state. It has a see-saw chemical shape because it is a molecule of sort AX₄E.
The graphic affixed to this response depicts the molecule's structure.
In the Lewis structure of CH₂Cl₂, eight electrons are shared. The C atom shares two electrons with each of the H and Cl atoms.
Your question is incomplete but most probably your full question was attached below
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What is the relationship between the two structures shown? A. enantiomers B. diastereomers C. constitutional isomers D. identical Enter Your Answer: A DB oc OD
The relationship between the given structures is that they are enantiomers. Therefore, option A is correct.
What are enantiomers?In chemistry, an enantiomer also called an optical isomer is one of two stereoisomers that are non-superposable onto their own mirror image. Enantiomers are much like when looking at the same face one's right and left hands, they cannot be superposed with each other.
The asymmetric atom is a type of stereocenter that refers exclusively to a chirality center. Compounds that consist of one of the asymmetric atoms are always chiral.
No amount of reorientation will allow the 4 unique groups on the chiral carbon. The number of stereoisomers has can be determined by the number of chiral carbons in it. Stereoisomers have types both enantiomers and diastereomers.
Diastereomers share the same molecular formula as enantiomers and are non-superposable however, they do not mirror images of each other.
A chiral molecule rotates plane-polarized light. A mixture of equal amounts of each enantiomer, a racemic mixture does not rotate the light.
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What is the expected major product for the following reaction? 1. Hg(OAc)2 H2O 2. NaBH4. NaOH OH +enantiomer OH +enantiomer + enantiomer
The expected major product for the reaction you have provided is "OH + enantiomer + enantiomer."
Hg(OAc)2 acts as a catalyst in this reaction, promoting the reduction of the aldehyde or ketone using NaBH4 as the reducing agent. The product of the reduction will be alcohol, and the enantiomer refers to the fact that the product will be chiral (meaning it will have a non-superimposable mirror image) and of a particular enantiomer (one of the two non-superimposable mirror images).
The addition of NaOH neutralizes the reaction's acid and dissolves the result, making it easier to separate. It is not likely to have a substantial impact on the reduction's product.
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how do the physical and chemical properties of an element change when they are used to make a compound
A compound is formed while atoms of or extra physical bond collectively chemically changes. For example, desk salt is a chemical compound that effects while atoms of Sodium (Na) bond with atoms of chlorine (Cl).
The residences of an detail do alternate while that detail combines with different factors to shape compounds. There are handiest 118 recognized factors which integrate to make the entirety withinside the universe. If you consider that, you will see that the residences of the detail have to alternate relying upon the compound it's far in.
For example, water is a compound crafted from the factors hydrogen and oxygen. Sugar is likewise a chemical compound which incorporates hydrogen and oxygen, in addition to carbon. The residences of the hydrogen atoms are one of a kind while they're a part of a sugar molecule than while they're a part of a water molecule.
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How do you write chemical symbols?
The initial letter of a chemical symbol is usually capitalized; the second letter is always written in lowercase. The first letter of chemical symbols that only contain one letter is always capitalized.
How should the chemical symbol be written properly?Chemical symbols are used to identify elements and can be one or two letters long. Examples are the chemical symbols O for oxygen, Zn for zinc, and Fe for iron. The first letter of a symbol is typically capitalized. A sign with two letters always has a lowercase letter as the second letter.
Which three guidelines apply when writing chemical symbols?The guidelines for drafting chemical formulas are as follows: When writing them, place the symbols with positive charge valency first. Second, note each atom's valency. over its symbol's top. Thirdly, discard the positive or negative radicle and divide the valency number by their highest common factor.
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carbonate buffers are important in regulating the ph of blood at 7.40. if the carbonic acid concentration in a sample of blood is 0.0013 m, determine the bicarbonate ion concentration required to buffer the ph of blood at ph
The blood buffer has a pH of 7.4, whereas the blood sample has a carbonic acid content of 0.0013 M.
The chemical compound of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen is known as carbonic acid (H2CO3).It is produced in minute quantities when water dissolves its anhydride, carbon dioxide (CO2). Two covalent double bonds bind the core carbon atom of carbon dioxide, also referred to as carbonic acid gas, to the two oxygen atoms.
Calculation:Calculating the concentration is as follows:pH = pKₐ + log HCO⁻₃/ H₂CO₃
7.4 = - log(4.3 × 10⁻₇)+ log HCO⁻₃/ 0.0013m
log HCO⁻₃/ 0.0013m = 7.4 - 6.37
log HCO⁻₃/ 0.0013m = 1.03
log HCO⁻₃/ 0.0013m = 10¹°⁰³
HCO⁻₃ = 1.3 ₓ 10⁻².
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An action potential is self-
Answer:
Action potentials are self-regenerating
Identify the conjugate base for each acid. conjugate base of H3 PO4 conjugate base of HSO: conjugate base of NH
Conjugate base for each acid of H₃PO₄,HSO and NH respectively is H₂PO₄[tex]^-[/tex],SO[tex]^-[/tex],NH₂[tex]^-[/tex].
What is an acid?Acids are defined as substances which on dissociation yield H+ ions , and these substances are sour in taste.Compounds such as HCl, H₂SO₄ and HNO₃ are acids as they yield H+ ions on dissociation.
According to the number of H+ ions which are generated on dissociation acids are classified as mono-protic , di-protic ,tri-protic and polyprotic acids depending on the number of protons which are liberated on dissociation.
Acids are widely used in industries for production of fertilizers, detergents batteries and dyes.They are used in chemical industries for production of chemical compounds like salts which are produced by neutralization reactions.
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What is Lewis dot structures give example?
Lewis dot structure is a representation of the valence shell electrons in a molecule.
The Lewis dot structure is a very simplified representation of the valence shell electrons in a molecule. It is used to show how the electrons are arranged around individual atoms in a molecule. Electrons are shown as "dots" or for bonding electrons as a line between the two atoms. The goal is to obtain the electron configuration that is the octet rule and formal charges need to be satisfied. No Lewis structure is complete without the formal charges. the formal charges should match the electronegativity of the atom that is negative charges should be on the more electronegative atoms and positive charges on the least electronegative atoms if possible.
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How do the energy and the most probable location of an electron in the third energy level of an atom compare to the energy and the most probable location of an electron in the first energy level of the same atom?.
Answer: In the third shell, an electron has more energy and is farther from the nucleus.
Explanation:
Indicate the oxidation number of phosphorus, iodine, nitrogen, tellurium, and sillicon in the following ions. Remember that the sum of the oxidation numbers for an ion must equal the charge of the ion. PO43- PO33- HPO42- P3O103- IO3- IO2- IO- NH4+ NO2+ NO2- NO- NO3+ N2O22- TeO42- SiO22- Indicate the oxidation number of the metallic element(s) in the following compounds. None of the compounds listed are peroxides. Fe2O3 FeO CoS CoSO4 K3CoCl6 CrCl3 CeO3 K2CrO4 K2Cr2O7 KCrO2 K2MnO4 Mn2O7 MnO2 PbO2 Pb3O4 Zrl4 U3O2 UO2Cl2 Write formulas for all of the compounds resulting from matching all cations with all anions in each set. Remember that the sum of the oxidation numbers for a compound must equal zero.
The oxidation state of an element is calculated by subtracting and the total sum of oxidation states of all the individual atom (excluding the one that has to be calculated) from total charge on the molecule. Therefore, in above given ways we can assign oxidation state.
What is oxidation state?Oxidation state of an element is a number that is assigned to an element in a molecule that represents the number of electron gained or lost during the formation of that molecule or compound.
a.PO[tex]_4[/tex]³⁻ the oxidation state of P is +5
b. P[tex]_3[/tex]O[tex]_{10}[/tex]⁵⁻the oxidation state of P is +5
c. IO⁻the oxidation state of I is +1
d. NO[tex]_2[/tex]⁻the oxidation state of N is +3
e. N[tex]_2[/tex]O[tex]_2[/tex]²⁻the oxidation state of N is +1
f. PO[tex]_3[/tex]³⁻the oxidation state of P is +3
g. IO[tex]_3[/tex]⁻the oxidation state of I is +5
h. NH[tex]_4[/tex]⁺the oxidation state of N is +3
i. NO⁺the oxidation state of N is +1
j. TeO[tex]_4[/tex]²⁻the oxidation state of Te is +6
k. HPO[tex]_4[/tex]²⁻the oxidation state of P is +5
l. IO[tex]_2[/tex]⁻the oxidation state of I is +3
m. NO[tex]_3[/tex]⁻the oxidation state of N is +5
n. NO[tex]_2[/tex]⁺the oxidation state of N is +5
o. SiO[tex]_3[/tex]²⁻the oxidation state of Si is +4
Therefore, in above given ways we can assign oxidation state.
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Which is about the effect of the angle of insolation on the amount of heat a material absorbs?
The angle of insolation has the effect that the more the angle of insolation, the more the amount of heat absorbed by a material.
The impact of the insolation angle on the heat absorption rate of a substance can be explained by the following factors that affect how much sunlight is absorbed on Earth's surface:
The soil will be warmer because it will catch more direct light if somehow the angle of insolation is higher.The sun's rays' insolation angle is the angle at which the rays strike a specific spot on Earth.The elevation of the sun in the sky in reference to the observer is referred to as the angle of insolation. Angles of insolation start at 0 degrees.The Earth orbits the sun in an elliptical route rather than a perfect circle, thus some seasons of the year see Earth closer to the sun than others.The angle of insolation of the earth's axis: The earth's axis is inclined by 66 [tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex] degrees with respect to its orbital plane.Read more about the Angle of insolation from:
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Answer: B and E
Explanation: I just did it
What is the freezing point of the solution when 60 g of water is mixed with 12 grams of glucose?
The freezing point of the solution when 60 g of water is mixed with 12 g of glucose is -0.47°C. This temperature is determined by a colligative property known as freezing-point depression.
What is freezing point?The freezing point is the temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid. When a liquid is cooled to its freezing point, the molecules of the liquid slow down and become more organized, forming a solid crystal lattice structure. The freezing point of a particular substance is determined by its chemical structure and is usually a few degrees lower than its melting point. Water, for example, freezes at 0 degrees Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit).
This property states that when a solute is dissolved in a solvent, the freezing point of the solvent decreases. Therefore, adding the glucose to the water will lower its freezing point.
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According to periodic trends, which element would have more valence electrons than oxygen?.
Correct answer is :- Chlorine (Cl) element have more valence electrons than oxygen
The s and p electrons in the outermost shell are valence electrons. Core electrons are those found in the inner shell.
Valence electrons are minuscule subatomic particles that we come across as we examine and investigate an element's atom. We can trace the valence electrons and forecast the sorts of bonds with the aid of Lewis structures.
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Lewis structure for SeCl2 with lone pairs.
Lewis structure for SeCl2 have 2 lone pairs.
In his idea of cubic atoms, Lewis developed the "octet rule." The preference of atoms to have eight electrons in the valence shell is referred to as the "octet rule." Atoms with fewer than eight electrons have a propensity to interact, resulting in the formation of more stable compounds. The most stable state that atoms can achieve through their reactions. The idea of the octet rule, in which atoms share electrons so that each has eight electrons in its outer shell, is the foundation of a Lewis structure. The outer shell of an oxygen atom, for instance, has six electrons. The valence electrons of atoms within a molecule are depicted in diagrams known as Lewis structures, commonly referred to as Lewis dots or electron dot structures.
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three equal-sized containers are filled with gases at stp. which container holds the greatest number of molecules?
All the three gases holds equal number of molecules as the size of the containers is equal.
The number of molecules is the product of moles to the Avogadro's number i.e., 6.022*10^23. The size of the containers in which the gases are filled is the same. Since, mole of all gases are equal at STP. Thus, all gases (O2, CO2 and Ne) has the same number of molecules. It is referred to as a mole since it shows the number of particles such as atoms and molecules that are present per mole of a given compound or substance.
Thus, all the three gases holds equal number of molecules as the size of the containers is equal.
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What Is The Total Number Of Valence Electrons In The Lewis Structure Of AsO2-? Draw Thew Lewish Structure Of AsO2-
The total number of valence electrons in the lewis structure of AsO₂⁻ is 18. The structure is attached.
We are aware that the valence electron count for As is five, while the valence electron count for oxygen is six. We can also observe that AsO₂ has a negative charge, hence the total number of valence electrons in AsO₂ is equal to the sum of all these electrons.
The total number of e⁻ in AsO₂ = 5 + 2 × 6 + 1
The total number of e⁻ in AsO₂ = 5 + 12 + 1
The total number of e⁻ in AsO₂ = 18
The lewis structure is attached.
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