Each item describes an example of thermal energy transfer. Identify each item according to the method of thermal energy transfer described in the scenario. There are two examples of heat transfer for each type below.
1. Someone places a hand on metal table and the hand feels cooler (conduction, convection, or radiation?)
2. Storm clouds from when warm air moves upwards in the atmosphere (conduction, convection, or radiation?)
3. A person turns on a lamp and feels it warmth on their hands (conduction, convection, or radiation?)
4. The heat from a space heater rises to the top of a room and is replaced by cooler air (conduction, convection, or radiation?)
5. Energy from the sun travels to the Surface of the Earth (conduction, convection, or radiation?)
6. Heat from a stove warms a pot of soup (conduction, convection, or radiation?)

The acid ionization constant of a solution is represented as Ka. The Pka is the negative logarithm of Ka value. The ka value of the acid with pka of 5.2 is 6.3 × 10⁻⁶ .

Acid ionization constant is the ratio of product of concentration of the ions in the acid to the molar concentration of the acid.

If and cid HA ionizes into H+ and A- then ionization constant Ka is written as follows:

Ka = [A-] [H+] / [HA]

Mathematically pka is the negative logarithm of ka value. The pka value is given 5.2 thus ka value is calculated as follows:

pka = -log (Ka)

- 5.2 = log (Ka)

Ka = antilog (5.2)

     =  6.3 × 10⁻⁶.

Therefore, ka value of the acid with pka of 5.2 is 6.3 × 10⁻⁶ .

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The change in the reactor size of the Plug flow reactor for gas phase reactions is by a factor of 1.5 in the volume.

Chemical engineers typically utilize a model known as the plug flow reactor model (PFR, also known as continuous tubular reactor, CTR) to explain chemical reactions in continuous, flowing systems with cylindrical shape. Since it has no moving components, the tubular reactor (also known as the plug flow reactor [PFR]) is one of the flow reactors that typically achieves the maximum conversion per reactor capacity.

The single-step chemical reactions that take place in the gas phase are the easiest to understand. Both intramolecular and intermolecular reactions occur in the gas phase.

The performance equation of Plug flow reactor (PFR):

[tex]\frac{V_P}{F_A_0} = \int\limits^{X_A}_0 \frac{dX_A}{(-r_A)}[/tex]

where,

[tex]V_P[/tex] – reactor volume in [tex]m^3[/tex]

[tex]F_{A0}[/tex] – molar feed rate (C + A in feed)

Let [tex]F_{A0}[/tex] = 100 mol/s

i.e.,

[tex](F_{A0})_A[/tex] = 50 mol/s

[tex](F_{A0})_C[/tex] = 50 mol/s

So,

[tex]{V_P} = 100 \int\limits^{X_A}_0 \frac{dX_A}{(-r_A)}[/tex]

When [tex]F_{C0}^'[/tex] = 2[tex]F_{C0}[/tex] (doubled) with same conversion [tex]X_A[/tex]

Then,

[tex]{V_P^'} = 50 + 100 \int\limits^{X_A}_0 \frac{dX_A}{(-r_A)}[/tex]

Therefore,

Volume, [tex]V_P^'[/tex] = 150 / 100 = 1.5

Result:

The volume of the plug flow reactor changes by a factor of 1.5

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Answer:

A galaxy is huge group of solar systems, planets and star's e.t.c. There is a possibility of a similar planet to Earth since the universe is massive and we haven't discovered all of it yet.

The statement planets revolve around the sun in an elliptical pattern because of the respective gravitational forces that interact between the sun and the other planets is an example of a theory (Option 3).

A scientific theory is a statement well-sustained by scientific evidence, which is empirical because it is testable, i.e. we can confirm or reject it by experimentation, and predictable

Therefore, with this information, we can conclude that a scientific theory is based on empirical evidence that we can test and confirm by experimental or observational procedures.

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When an acid and a base react, the base balances the acid, creating salt and water as a result..

2NaoH+ H2SO4----> Na2SO4 + H2O

Both sulfuric acid H2SO4 and sodium hydroxide NaOH are powerful acids and bases, respectively.

This reaction is exothermic in nature and is referred to as the neutralizing reaction (since heat is released during the reaction as there is formation of new bonds).

a). If you left your aqueous sodium sulfite solution open on the side, air oxygen would catalyze the chemical shift, the water would hydrate the new compound, and the slow evaporation of water would give you wonderful huge crystals of Na2SO4 without you having to do anything.

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By using the acid – base extraction process, we can separate the given organic compounds.

A liquid-liquid extraction is a type of acid-base extraction. It usually includes differing amounts of solubility in water and an organic solvent. Any carbon-based liquid that does not dissolve well in water can be used as the organic solvent; prominent examples include ether, ethyl acetate, and dichloromethane.

Acid-base extraction is a method of purifying acids and bases from mixtures depending on their chemical characteristics by employing consecutive liquid-liquid extractions.

In this scenario, acid-base extraction is required since it is also employed to separate the two different weak acids or two weak bases with a considerable variation in their pKa (as observed in this case). In the case of acids, the considerably stronger acid with a low pKa value (here, pKa is 2) is neutralized to a salt by utilizing a weak base. Only the stronger acid is converted into a salt when the weak base reacts inefficiently with the weaker acid. The salt is then extracted into the aqueous phase while the other weakly acidic chemical stays dissolved in the organic solvent, which in this case is ether. We can now separate the aqueous and organic phases using a separatory funnel.

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This molecule is best described as polar with polar covalent bonds​

Option d. is correct answer

What is covalent bond?

A covalent bond is created when the two atoms involved share their electrons equally. The shared pair or bonding pair is the name given to the electron pair in this kind of interaction. Covalent bonds are also known as molecular bonds. Due to the sharing of bonding pairs, the atoms will become stable in their outer shell, similar to the atoms of noble gases.

Polar and polar covalent bond exist because in a covalent bond, electrons are shared by atoms with various electronegativities.

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Answer:

use the pH equation :

pH: -log [H+]

pH: -log 1×10^-11

pH: 11.00

the pH of the solution is 11.00 and the solution is basic.

and make sure to remember :pH does not have a value .

a solution merely has pH(11.00)

The approximate molar mass of the fluorocarbon is 138 g mol⁻¹.

Fluorocarbons are fluorinated carbon chain polymers that might be utilized in an assortment of family and commercial merchandise as waterproofing agents, lubricants, sealants, and leather conditioners.

Fluorocarbon is more abrasion resistant than widespread nylon monofilament of identical diameters. Plus, at the same time as the solar's harsh ultraviolet rays weaken nylon over the years, fluorocarbon shrugs off UV and not using ill-consequences. waterproof unlike mono and a few superlines, fluoro does not take in water.

The molar mass of a chemical compound is defined as the mass of a pattern of that compound divided via the quantity of a substance that's the variety of moles in that sample, measured in moles. The molar mass is a bulk, not molecular, an asset of a substance.

calculation:-

M = d[tex]\frac{RT}{P}[/tex];   d = m/v

   = ([tex]\frac{45.60 g}{7.40}[/tex]) ([tex]\frac{0.082 * 273}{1}[/tex]

    = 138 g mol⁻¹

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The expression equivalent to -3(4x + 3y) is -12x - 9y

The expression we have is = -3(4x+3y)

We will apply the distributive property to find the correct expression,

The distributive property-

It states that when the sum of two or more variable are multiplied by a number gives the exact similar result as when each variable is multiplied separately by the number, and the products of both are added together.

The distributive property of the addition is given as -

A(B + C) = AB + AC

The distributive property of the subtraction is given as -

A(B - C)  = AB - AC

We know the expression is -3(4x + 3y)

We will apply the distributive property in the given expression

-3(4x + 3y) = -12x - 9y

Hence, the expression equivalent to -3(4x+3y) is -12x-9y

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Answer:

too lendi to answer the question

The junction between two neurons is called a synapse. Due to this junction two neurons can communicate to each other .

All of the bodily processes are managed by the brain. From the brain through the back, the spinal cord descends. Every organ and bodily part can be reached by its thread-like nerves. The brain sends and receives information from various parts of the body through this network of nerves.

The point of contact between the terminal branches of one neuron's axon and the dendrite of another neuron is known as a synapse. Through this junction, two neurons can connect. Neurotransmitters are made as a result of this communication .  

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The moles of sodium hydroxide when you have 350.0 ml of a 0.650 m sodium hydroxide solution is 0.2275 moles.

According to the definition of molarity, we can draw the definition of 1M as

If 1 Mol of solute is present in 1000 mL of solution, then the solution will be called one molar ( or 1M)

​Thus in the given problem 0.650 M of NaOH means,

1000 mL of solution contains 0.650 M NaOH

So, 350 mL  0.650 M NaOH solution will contain

0.650 × 350/1000 moles of NaOH.

That is equal to  0.2275 moles of NaOH.

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Answer:

The presence of partial charges in a liquid serve to break bonds of salts when introduced into the liquid and make a solution. The absence of partial charge would make salts insoluble in water and continue being present in their solid form even when mixed.

Explanation:

Salt is NaCl, an ionic, polar compound that when introduced to water will dissolve completely.

But why does salt dissolve in water?

Ionic compounds are compounds that transfer their electrons between one another. In NaCl, Na gives away one of its electrons to Cl. This now makes the Na be positively charged, and the Cl who now has more electrons around it, negatively charged. The positively and negatively charges around them is what makes them polar.

Now, water is H2O, this is a covalent, polar compound. Covalent compounds have a sharing of electrons between them rather than giving and taking like ionic. Hydrogen is attracted to Oxygen because of its electronegativity. This causes the Hydrogen ions to attract towards Oxygen and form bonds. The electrons in hydrogen will hover longer over oxygen because of this electronegativity. This makes hydrogen now positively charged and oxygen negatively charged.

So, "like dissolves like" is a phrase easy to memorize and used to remember that polar can dissolve polar and non-polar can dissolve non-polar. Think of oil and water: Oil is non-polar and water is polar, this is why they separate when combined together and don't mix!

Knowing this, when salt (polar) is mixed with water (polar), the salt will dissolve completely. This is because the partially negative and positive charges between the 2 molecules are being attracted to one another. The Na(partially +) is being attracted to the O (partially -) and the Cl (partially -) is being attracted to the H (partially +).

For the provided solution that is mentioned, the final solution has a pH of pH = 1.2.

NaOH and HCl(aq) (aq) ————> aq NaCl plus o2 (l)

Strong acids and bases are being combined. We can tell from this reaction that the mole ratio is 1:1.

Let's find out how many moles each reactant has currently;

n(HCl)=30/1000*0.200=0.006 moles

NaOH concentration = 30/1000 x 2.00 = 0.06 moles.

We can observe that the amount of HCl is two times greater than the amount of NaOH. NaOH is the limiting reactant as a result.

As a result, 0.006 moles of HCl and 0.006 moles of NaOH react, with 0.006 moles of HCl remaining after the reaction.

Total volume of solution is 60 mL (0.06 L) or 30 mL plus 30 mL.

H3O+ concentration in the remaining solution is 0.006.

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Answer: New Pressure = 10.80 atm

In a parallel circuit with identical light bulbs, the true statement is option D Adding more identical light bulbs will not change their brightness.

Two bulbs in a simple parallel circuit every experience the overall voltage of the battery. that is why the bulbs in the parallel circuit might be brighter than the ones within the series circuit. some other gain to the parallel circuit is that if one loop is disconnected, then the other stays powered.

While batteries are connected in parallel, the voltage remains the same, but the contemporary which could float in the circuit will increase. when bulbs have equal power, then their resistance is likewise the same. while the 2d bulb connected in parallel to the first bulb is switched on, the effective resistance of the circuit turns into half of, and the present-day circuit becomes double. due to it, this double modern-day divides itself equally into bulbs.

The voltage across every resistor inside a parallel aggregate is precisely equal however the currents flowing through them are not the same as that is determined by their resistance fee and Ohms regulation.

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The ocean using as an energy resource interact in both positive and negative ways within each of Earth's crust as the ocean produces two types of energy, these are thermal energy from the heat of sun, and mechanical energy from the tides and waves.

For example, when ships transport oil, the waste water is occasionally dumped. It means that ships may release some amount of pollution into the ocean and air. Some of the heat which is stored in the ocean could power the entire planet.

These ocean energy sources, both thermal energy and mechanical energy are non-polluting, dependable, and highly predictable. Oceans covers more than 70% of the surface of Earth. It makes them the greatest solar collectors on the planet.

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The Cremation of Sam McGee - The refrain is introduced at the beginning of the poem and is repeated after each stanza.

The Cremation of Sam McGee:

"The Cremation of Sam McGee" is one of Robert W. Service's (1874–1958) most well-known poems. In 1907, it was included in Songs of a Sourdough. (A "sourdough" is a Yukon inhabitant in this context.) It is based on the true account of the person who cremates a prospector who freezes to death in the Yukon region of Canada near Lake Laberge.

Canada Post issued "Robert W. Service, Sam McGee" as an 8-cent stamp on August 17, 1976. The stamp's designer is David Charles Bierk. Weeping Tile, a Canadian band led by Sarah Harmer, released their 1995 album Eepee, which featured the song "Westray," whose lyrics were primarily taken from The Cremation of Sam McGee but somewhat altered to draw reference to the Westray mining accident.

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The energy change when the temperature of 0.750 kg of water decreased from 123 °C to 23.0 °C is  -313.5 kJ.

In this problem, we are dealing with specific heat which is referred to as the sum of heat per unit mass required to raise the temperature by one degree Celsius.Since we know the boiling point of water is 100°C, at 123°C, the water is steam.

The formula we are referring to for  calculating the heat energy Q

Q= m C ΔT

where m is the mass of water which is equal to 0.750  Kg, then

C is the specific heat of water equal to  4180 J/Kg °C and

ΔT is the change in temperature which is (23-123)= -100°C

So, assembling those desired values on the formula we get,

Q= 0.750 (4180) (-100)

Q=-313500

 = -313.5 kJ

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0.112 L CO₂ is the volume of carbon dioxide.

Glucose ferments decompose to form the ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Balanced equation :  C₆H₁₂O₆  ----> 2C₂H₅OH (aq) + 2CO₂ (g)

By using formula, M= m/n

Where,

M⇒ Molar mass

m⇒ Mass of a substance (in grams)

n⇒ Number of moles of a substance

The molar mass (M) of C₆H₁₂O₆ (aq) ⇒180.156 g/mol

Calculating the moles(n) of C₆H₁₂O₆(aq) .

n ⇒ m/M

m ⇒ mass ⇒ 0.9 C₆H₁₂O₆

M ⇒ molar mass

n ⇒180.156g/mol C₆H₁₂O₆

n ⇒ 0.9g C₆H₁₂O₆/ 180.156 g/mol

n⇒ 0.005 mol C₆H₁₂O₆

Calculating moles(m) of CO₂ :

m⇒0.005 mol CaCO₃× (1 mol CO₂/1 mol  C₆H₁₂O₆)

m⇒ 0.005 mol CO₂

At STP of 273.15 K (0°C) and 1 atm, the molar volume of a gas is 22.414 L/mol.

Calculating volume of CO₂ :

Multiply the mole CO₂ by the molar volume to get the volume of CO₂ in liters.

⇒ 0.005 mol CO₂× 22.414 L/mol

⇒ 0.112 L CO₂  to three significant figures

Converting volume CO₂ in L to mL.

⇒ 0.112 L CO₂ × 1000 mL/L

⇒ 112.07 mL CO₂

Volume of CO₂ ⇒ 0.112 L CO₂  or 112.07 mL CO₂

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We must now decide whether the attraction or repulsion becomes weaker or stronger.

The attraction increases as electrons come nearer to the nucleus. We must first define the conditions that can lead to attraction and those that can lead to repulsion. In electrical interactions: By the rules governing electric charges; unlike poles attract, as poles repel.

Additionally, the nucleus of an atom in the atomic model has a positive charge because it contains protons, which have a positive charge, and neutrons, which have no charge. Because the electrons orbit their orbit and the nucleus is positively charged. The force is an attracting force as a result.

As is common knowledge, the strength of an attraction or repulsion depends inversely on the distance between two objects. energized particles (the electrons and the nucleus in this case). The force of attraction between an electron and a nucleus grows as the distance between them decreases as an electron approaches the nucleus. The attraction force will eventually get greater as an electron gets closer to the nucleus because of the shorter distance between them.

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Answer:

Ballistic vests use layers of very strong fibers to "catch" and deform a bullet, mushrooming it into a dish shape, and spreading its force over a larger portion of the vest fiber. The vest absorbs the energy from the deforming bullet, bringing it to a stop before it can completely penetrate the textile matrix.

Answer:

[tex]C_{2}[/tex][tex]H_{6}[/tex]O  This can be one of two componds:  ethanol or dimethyl ether.

Explanation:

I'm having trouble interpreting:

Η Η | | H—C-C-0-HHH

The manner in which a chemical structure is written plays a large roll in how to interpret what compund it is.  In this case we can count 2 carbons, 1 oxygen, and 6 hydrogens.

From this, we are tempted to quickly conclude and write:

[tex]C_{2}[/tex][tex]H_{6}[/tex]O

and state that this is clearly ethanol.  Why would it be anything else?

Although this is a correct possible interpretation of the information, but [tex]C_{2}[/tex][tex]H_{6}[/tex]O it has at least two different structures:  ethanol and dimethyl ether.  See the attached diagram.

Most combination of elements can have more than 1 structure, and are therefore different compounds.  Because if this, the manner in which the structure is drawn is essential to how it is interpreted.  Even the formula notation has certain rules designed to help identify the compound.  The attached diagram illustrates the two ways ethanol and dimethyl ether can be lav=belled:  C2H5OH, which highligts the -OH group and identifies it as an alcohol.  Dimethyl ether has the O atom at the end, without the H atom stuck behind it.  This signals that it is incorporated somewhere else in the molecule.

Answer:

The substance is acidic.

Explanation:

When a substance is able to dissolve in water, it means that it is ionic. This just means that the polarity of the water and the polarity of the substance will attract each other to their positive and negative ends respectively. (Positive attracts negative and negative attracts positive).

Litmus paper that is blue and then turns red when introduced to a substance, is known to be acidic.

The opposite can be said when red litmus paper turns blue when introduced to a substance; this means the substance is basic.

Also, if it is sour, then that means it is acidic! Some examples of sour things that are acidic are soft drinks, apples and lemons/limes.

Cap and trade programs for reducing sulfur dioxide from these industrial emission.

Burning low-sulfur fuel, such as natural gas, low-sulfur oil, or low-sulfur coal, is an efficient way to reduce SOx emissions since sulphur emissions are proportional to the sulphur content of the fuel. The fact that natural gas produces no particulate matter when burnt is an additional benefit.

It is a contaminant that increases acid deposition, which can affect the quality of soil and water. Acid deposition may have serious aftereffects, including detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems in rivers and lakes as well as harm to forests, crops, and other plants.

Electric utilities, particularly those that burn coal, are the main source of sulphur dioxide discharged into the atmosphere.

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Answer:60 miles in one hour

Explanation: