The more polar chemicals are absorbed more strongly because the adsorbents are polar. As a result, non-polar substances are eluted first.
How can you tell which will dissolve first?The substance that elutes first has a lower charge. The ions we wanted to separate would have opposite charges in the stationary phase.
A stationary phase, often referred to as a sorbent or an adsorbent, is used in column chromatography and is typically packed in a glass column. Typical stationary phase materials include alumina and silica gel.
Large molecules are barred from all pores, thus they elute first, but small molecules can penetrate the entire intraparticular pore area and so elute last.
Highly charged cations elute first in an order that corresponds to their electrophoretic mobilities.
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a 0.77-mg sample of nitrogen reacts with chlorine to form 6.61 mg of the chloride. determine the empirical formula of nitrogen chloride
The empirical formula of nitrogen chloride is NCl₃ (NCl3)
m of nitrogen = 0.77mg
m of nitrogen chloride = 6.61mg
so the m of chlorine will be
m of chlorine = m of nitrogen chloride - m of nitrogen
m of chlorine = 6.61 - 0.77
=5.84mg
so the number of moles can be found as
n = [tex]\frac{mass}{molar mass}[/tex]
number of moles of chlorine can be found as follows;
n = 5.84× 10⁻³ / 35.45 [tex]\frac{g}{mol}[/tex]
n = 1.65 × 10⁻⁴
number of moles of nitrogen can be found as;
n = 0.77 × 10⁻³ / 14.01 [tex]\frac{g}{mol}[/tex]
n = 5.5 × 10⁻⁵ mol
Empirical formula can be found as;
moles of Cl : moles of N
1.65 × 10⁻⁴ : 5.5 × 10⁻⁵
Now divide the ratio with the smallest number which is 5.5 × 10⁻⁵ and we get the following ratios.
3 mol of Cl :1 mol of N
3 : 1
So the empirical formula of nitrogen chloride will e NCl3
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sucrose c12h22o11 which is commonly known as table sugar reacts in dulte acid solutions to form two simpler sugars glose and fructose both which have the formula c5h12o6. is the reaction first or second order with respect to c12h22o11 how do you know?
sucrose c12h22o11 which is commonly known as table sugar reacts in dulte acid solutions to form two simpler sugars glose and fructose both which have the formula c5h12o6. The reaction is first order with respect to c12h22o11 .
first-order reaction is a chemical process in which the rate at which it occurs is linear fashion dependent on the amount of an only reactant. In other phrases, a first-order reaction is a reaction in which the rates to monitor and influence as the concentration of just one of the reacting changes. A first-order reaction is a chemical process in which the rate of the reaction is entirely determined by the concentration of just one reactant. If the concentration of the initial reactant is trebled in such reactions, the response time is also doubled.
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Is the U.S. Constitution a living document that adapts to the times or does it mean today exactly what it meant when it was written? Explain how your case/person changed history for all Americans or did it just help a specific group?
The U.S. Constitution is referred to as a living document that adapts to the times or present situations.
What is Constitution?This is referred to as the basic principles and laws of a nation, state, or social group that determine the powers and duties of the government thereby preventing anarchy due to varying degrees of lawlessness.
The U.S. Constitution is also referred to as a living document because it adapts to the times due to the different amendments which are made to it as time goes on by officials such as lawmakers and is therefore the treason why it was chosen as the correct choice.
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Calculate the mass of 0.5mol of sodium chloride, NaCl. GIVIN 50 POINTS AND BRAINLY
Answer:
29.22 g NaCl
Explanation:
0.5 mol NaCl x (58.44 g NaCl / 1 mol NaCl)
= 29.22 g NaCl
Some nuclear power plants use plutonium-239, which is produced in breeder reactors. the rate-determing step is the second β- emission. How long does it take to make 3.00 kg of 239pu if the reaction is complete when the product is 91.5 % 239pu?
To make 1.00 kg of ²³⁹Pu if the reaction is complete when the product is 90% ²³⁹Pu the time period is 0.357 days.
Definition of power plants
Power station is defined as an industrial facility for the production of electricity, sometimes known as a power plant, generating station, or generating plant. In most of the cases, power plants are wired to form a grid.
Half life of ²³⁹Pu is 2.35 days
K = ln2/t₀.₅
= ln 2/ 2.35
K = 0.294956/ day
N₀ = 1 kg
Nₐ = 0.91kg
K = 1/t ln N₀/ Nₐ
t = 1/K ln(N₀/Nₐ)
t = 0.357 days
Hence, the time period is 0.357 days.
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In a spectrophotometer, both absorbance and transmittance indicate choose. Passing through a sample. A high absorbance corresponds to a choose. Transmittance.
The light is passed through a sample solution some amount of light is absorbed and the rest is transmitted, according to Beer-lambert's law, in the spectrophotometer.
What is Spectrophotometer?
A spectrometer is a biological instrument that determines the concentration of a solute in a solution by measuring the amount of light that passes through a solution.
What is Beer-lambert's law?
The fundamental idea behind this is to determine the transmittance of light. The amount of light absorbed is inversely proportional to the amount of light transmitted, which is why this phenomenon is also known as the Beer-Lambert law since some light is absorbed and the remainder is transmitted when it passes through a sample solution.
Hence, the light is passed through a sample solution some amount of light is absorbed and the rest is transmitted.
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What should you do if you spill hydrochloric acid on your skin or clothing? check all that apply.
Remove any contaminated clothing and quickly flush your skin with lots of water for at least 15 minutes if hydrochloric acid has touched your skin. Use water, antibacterial cream, and disinfectant soap in case of serious contact with the skin.
What is Contaminated?
A material, physical body, natural environment, workplace, or any other object can become contaminated when it has an ingredient, impurity, or another unfavourable element that taints corrupts, infects, renders unfit, or degrades it.
What is Hydrochloric acid?
An aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride is hydrochloric acid, often called muriatic acid. It is a colourless solution with an overpowering odour. A strong acid is how it is categorized. It is a part of the stomach acid in most animal species' digestive systems, including humans.
Hence, remove any contaminated clothing and quickly flush your skin with lots of water for at least 15 minutes if hydrochloric acid has touched your skin. Use water, antibacterial cream, and disinfectant soap in case of serious contact with the skin.
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after conducting stable-isotope analysis of an ice core, you record a high level of 18o relative to 16o at a particular layer. what does this suggest about the climate at this time?
The climate was relatively warm.
Suppose a sample of bone fossil contains 5. 2% of the carbon-14 found in an equal amount of carbon in present-day bone. Estimate the age of the fossil, assuming an exponential decay model. The half-life of carbon-14 is approximately 5700 years.
The age of fossil in years will be: 6765 years.
How to calculate age of fossil ?
A)Determine decimal fraction of C-14 remaining:
6.00 / 13.6 = 0.4411765
B) Determine how many half-lives have elapsed:
(1/2)n = 0.4411765
n = 1.18057
C)Determine length of time elapsed:
5730 yr x 1.18057 = 6765 yr
What is carbon-14?
Carbon-14, C-14, or radiocarbon, is a radioactive isotope of carbon with a nucleus containing six protons and eight neutrons. Its occurrence in organic matter is the basis of the radiocarbon dating method developed by Willard Libby and his colleagues for the dating of archaeological, geological, and hydrogeological samples.
Thus, the age of fossil in years will be: 6765 years.
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Explain how water is an example of a molecule that forms because of polar covalent bonds.
( Need Answer ASAPP! 100 POINTSS!!!)
Water is an example of a molecule which forms polar covalent bonds simply because of shared electrons pairs between hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
How water is a polar covalent moleculeWater is a chemical compound which contains hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen is positive charged while the oxygen atom has a negative ion. Structurally, water has two different poles in its molecule; a positive side pole and a negative side pole.
That being said, one great quality, feature or characteristic which makes water a polar covalent molecule is by the virtue of unequal sharing of electrons.
So therefore, we can now confirm from the explanation given above that the polarity of water molecules makes it an excellent solvent for solutes.
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If I place 1.92 moles of N2 and 2.69 moles of 02 in a 60.41 L container at a temperature of 25.83 C, what will the partial pressure (in kPa) of the nitrogen in thi resulting mixture be? Use the gas constant: 8.314 L kPa/mol K
The partial pressure of nitrogen in the resulting mixture, given 1.92 moles of N₂ and 2.69 moles of O₂ in a 60.41 L container is 78.96 KPa
How do I determine the partial pressure of nitrogen?The folloing data were obatined from the question:
Mole of N₂ = 1.92 molesMole of O₂ = 2.69 molesVolume (V) = 60.41 LTemperature (T) = 25.83 °C = 25.83 + 273 = 298.83 KGas constant (R) = 8.314 L.KPa/Kmol Partial pressure of N₂ (P) = ?From the above, we can obtain the partial pressure of nitrogen as illustrated below:
PV = nRT
60.41 × P = 1.92 × 8.314 × 298.83
Divide both sides by 60.41
P = (1.92 × 8.314 × 298.83) / 60.41
P = 78.96 KPa
Thus, we can conclude that the partial pressure of nitrogen is 78.96 KPa
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Limestone forms as ocean water evaporates and leaves calcium carbonate behind, which is then deposited on the ocean floor. what type of rock can be formed in this way?
Calcium carbonate, which is then deposited on the seafloor, is left behind as ocean water evaporates, forming limestone. Sedimentary rock is the kind of rock that can be created in this manner.
Inorganic sedimentary rocks formed from the land have a fragmented or clastic structure. Rocks with an inorganic composition that are sedimentary are formed on land.
Conglomerate, brescia, and sandstone are a few types of inorganic sedimentary rocks that are formed from the land.
The primary source of the substance lime is limestone, a form of carbonate sedimentary rock composed primarily of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). The minerals calcite and aragonite, which are various crystal forms of CaCO3, make up the majority of its material. When these minerals separate from water that has dissolved calcium, limestone is created.
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Calculate the mass percent of ethylene glycol (hoch2ch2oh) in a solution made by dissolving 3. 2 g of ethylene glycol in 43. 5 g of water.
Thus, the obtained mass percent is 6.85%.
Given information: Ethylene glycol's mass is 3.2 g.
Water has a mass of 43.5 g.
Mass of solution equals mass of solute plus mass of solvent, which is equal to 3.2 + 43.5 = 46.7 g.
Where does ethylene glycol come from?Ethylene glycol is a helpful industrial substance that can be found in a variety of consumer goods. Antifreeze, some stamp pad inks, ballpoint pens, solvents, paints, plastics, films, and cosmetics are a few examples. It may also serve as a delivery system..
Is ethylene glycol safe to drink?If swallowed, it is poisonous. Ethylene glycol can be unintentionally ingested, consumed on purpose during a attempt, or used as an alcohol replacement (ethanol). The majority of ethylene glycol poisonings are brought on by antifreeze consumption.
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Rihanna tested two different foods using iodine solution and Benedict's s-
Solution
These were her results.
spaghetti - went blue-black with iodine solution, went blue
with
Benedict's solution
honey - went orange-brown with iodine solution, turned brick red
with Benedict's solution
Describe how Rhianna tested the foods with Benedict's solution.
Construct a results table and fill it in to show Rhianna's results clearl
What conclusions can Rhianna make from her results?
Answer:
*spaghetti is a starch...it doesn't contain sugar, but honey contains sugar.
*Starch gives blue-black with iodine solution and dark blue in Benedict's reagent
*benedict solution : add benedict reagent to a test tube, then heat it (it will turn yellow-greenish) and let it cool down, if the colour changes to red, then sugar its present.
*A positive test with Benedict's reagent is shown by a color change from clear blue to brick-red
* conclusion : Honey is a carbohydrate, and spaghetti is a starch
Explanation:
can you identify the class of organic molecule to which these molecular structures and examples belong?
The correct class of molecules about which molecules and examples are: Carbohydrates involve starch and monosaccharide. • Lipids - triglycerides and fatty acid particles • Protein - amino acids and lactate. Nucleic acids (DNA and nucleotides)
1. Carbohydrates:. Components: one or even more monosaccharides. Functions: regulates electricity for cell, power storage, and plant tissue support Examples include glucose, glycogen, starch, and cellulose.
2. Lipids: Elements: fatty acid, glycerine, fat molecule• Functions: power storage, cellular membranes components, as well as hormones
3. Proteins: Amino group, carboxylate, R group, and amino acid • Function: enzyme, systemic protein, transport, interaction, immunity, storage • Lactose, hair, tendons, muscles, haematocrit, signal proteins, monoclonal antibody, egg albumin, receptor protein
4. Nucleic acids: Components have included a phosphate group, a nitrogeneous base, ribose or deoxyribose, and a nucleotide. Functions: heredity
Example: code for proteins, DNA, RNA
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C2h4+3o2——>2co2+2h2o enthalpy
A sports car has a mass of 1500 kg and accelerates at 5.0 m/s2. What is the magnitude of the force acting on the sports car?
F=ma
A. 300 N
B. 1500 N
C. 2250 N
D. 7500 N
The magnitude of the force acting on the sports car is 7500N.
How to solve?Mass of the sportscar= 1500 kg
Acceleration of the sportscar= 5m/s^2
Net Force = Mass × Acceleration,
or F = m × a.
F= 1500 kg x 5m/s^2
F = 7500N.
How do you determine acceleration?According to the equation a = v/t, acceleration (a) is the product of the change in velocity (v) and the change in time (t). In terms of meters per second squared (m/s2), this enables you to calculate how quickly velocity varies.
How is momentum calculated?p = m v . The equation shows that the relationship between momentum and an object's mass (m) and speed is linear (v). The larger an object's mass or velocity, the greater its momentum will be as a result.
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In order to break down 3 glucose molecules and convert this into energy, how many oxygen molecules o2 do you need to breathe in?
In the process of respiration, 1 molecule of glucose requires 6 molecules of oxygen so 3 molecules of glucose will require 18 molecules of oxygen.
What is respiration?Respiration is defined as a metabolic process which takes place in cells of living organisms in order to obtain energy by taking oxygen and liberating carbon dioxide .
Energy is produced by break down of glucose by reacting it with 6 molecules of oxygen , so in order to breakdown 3 molecules of glucose 3×6/1= 18 molecules of oxygen are required.
Thus,18 molecules of oxygen are required to be breathed in in order to break down 3 glucose molecules.
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The following solutions are prepared by dissolving the requisite amount of solute in water to obtain the desired concentrations. Rank the solutions according to their respective osmotic pressures in decreasing order assuming the complete dissociation of ionic compounds.Rank from highest to lowest osmotic pressure. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.1M MgCl2, 1M KCl, 2M CH3CH2CH2OH, 1M C12H22O11
The order according to their respective osmotic pressures is C₆H₁₂O₆ < NaCl ≈ CH₃OH < MgCl₂.
What is osmotic pressure?
The pressure difference required to stop solvent from flowing through a semipermeable membrane is known as the osmotic pressure of a solution. The relationship between a solution's osmotic pressure and molar concentration of its solute particles
The formula for osmotic pressure (Π) is
Π = icRT
If T is constant,
Π = kic
C₆H₁₂O₆:
Π = k × 1 × 1 = k
MgCl₂:
Π = k × 3 × 1 = 3k
CH₃OH:
Π = k × 1 × 2 = 2k
NaCl:
Π = k × 2 × 1 = 2k
Hence, The order of osmotic pressures is C₆H₁₂O₆ < NaCl ≈ CH₃OH < MgCl₂
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A pyrotechnician mixes 280 g of black powder for a firework. Find the amount of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide generated when this firework bursts, if the oxidizing agent in the powder is saltpeter.
The mass of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide generated from the reaction of black powder and saltpeter is:
The mass of SO₂ produced is 56.0 g SO2 The mass of CO₂ produced is 154 g CO₂The total mass of O₂ produced is 140 gWhat is the equation of the reaction of black powder and saltpeter?The percentage by mass of the constituents of black powder is as follows:
KNO₃ = 75%
S = 10%
C = 15%
The mass of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide generated is calculated from the given percentages by mass as follows:
For SO₂; 1 mole S produces 1 mole SO₂:
mass of SO₂ = 280 g * 0.10 / 32.g S * 1 mol SO2 / 1 mol S) * 64.0 g
mass of SO₂ = 56.0 g SO2
mass of O₂ that reacted with S to produce SO₂ will be:
1 mole O₂ reacts with 1 mole S
mass of O₂ = 56.0 / 64 * 32.0
mass of O₂ = 28.0 g O₂
For CO₂; 1 mole C produces 1 mole CO₂
mass of CO₂ produced = 280 g * 0.15 / 12.g/mol x * 44.0 g/mol)
mass of CO₂ produced = 154 g CO₂
mass of O₂ that reacted with C to produce CO₂ will be:
1 mole O₂ reacts with 1 mole C
mass of O₂ = 154 / 44 * 32.0
mass of O₂ that reacted with C = 112.0 g O₂
The total mass of O₂ produced = 112 + 28
The total mass of O₂ produced = 140 g
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Which is an example of an applied force?
Answer: A person pushing a barrel is an example of applied force.
Explanation:
how many signals would you expect each of the following molecules to have in its 1h and 13c spectra?
The ¹H NMR spectrum of the following molecule will contain one signal. The carbon - 13 NMR spectrum of the following molecule will contain two signals.
CH₃)₂ C = C (CH₃)₂, this molecule contains 4 methyl groups with the three protons each. all the methyl group are attached to the doble bonded carbon , so all the protons have same atomic connectivity. Therefore, ¹H NMR spectrum of the molecule will contain one signal.
CH₃)₂ C = C (CH₃)₂, this molecules has two types of chemically different carbon atoms C = C and four CH₃. Therefore, The carbon - 13 NMR spectrum of the following molecule will contain two signals.
The question is incomplete, the complete question is :
how many signals would you expect each of the following molecules to have in its ¹H and ¹³C spectra? (CH₃)₂ C = C (CH₃)₂.
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Given R = 0.0821L⋅atm/mol⋅K, what is the volume of a mole of gas at a pressure of 2.5 atm and a temperature of 250K?
The volume of the gas is obtained as 8.2 L
What is the volume of the gas?
We know that we can be able to obtain the volume of the gas by the use of the process that can be identified with the ideal gas equation. In the ideal gas equation, we know that we can be able to see the relationship between the pressure, volume, temperature and number of moles of the gas.
Now we have to state out the parameters that have to do with the gas and we have the following;
Volume of the gas V = ?
Temperature of the gas T = 250 K
Gas constant R = 0.0821L⋅atm/mol⋅K,
Pressure of the gas P = 2.5 atm
We then have the formula for the ideal gas as;
PV = nRT
P = pressure
V = volume
R = constant
at = Temperature
Then we have;
V = nRT/P
V = 1 * 0.082 * 250/2.5
V = 8.2 L
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In order to urvive a a pecie, organim mut pa on their genetic information from one generation to the next. Thi i known a ______. Organim can pa on their genetic information through exual reproduction
In order to survive a a pieces, organism must pa on their genetic information from one generation to the next. This is known a genetic inheritance.. Organism can pa on their genetic information through Sexual reproduction
What is Genetic Inheritance?
Chromosomes are where genes are found. Genes, or their alleles, are found on each of the pairs of chromosomes, which are arranged in pairs.
Each chromosome ends up in a distinct cell as the cell divides in half. This occurs when sperm and egg cells develop during meiosis. Additionally, the genes divided in half. Alleles are what these are. One of each homologous chromosome is present in meiotic products, but not both. A cycle of cell divisions known as meiosis produces haploid cells, which have half as many chromosomes as diploid cells.
After the egg and sperm combine, the pairings are restored, but their genetic makeup has changed. As a result, one allele is inherited from the mother, while the other is inherited from the father.
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Baed on the thermodynamic propertie provided for water, determine the energy change when the temperature of 0. 250 kg of water decreaed from 121 °C to 51. 5 °C
Based on the thermodynamic properties provided for water, the energy change when the temperature of 0.650 kg of water decreased from 101 °c to 51.0 °c is 1,609.66 kJ
What are thermodynamic properties of water?
Thermal characteristics of water include its density, freezing point, boiling point, latent heat of evaporation, melting point, and critical temperature, among others.
Here we calculate the boiling point of water is 100°C. So at 101°C, the water is steam. The specific heat first from 101 to 100 calculated as
E = mCΔT, where c for steam is 1.996 kJ/kg·°C
E₁ = (0.65 kg)(1.996 kJ/kg·°C)(101 - 100°C) = 1.2974 kJ
The latent heat when steam turns to liquid. The heat of vaporization of water is 2260 kJ/kg.
E₂ = mHvap = (0.65 kg)(2260 kJ/kg) = 1469 kJ
Thus solving the energy to bring down the temperature to 51°C. The specific heat of liquid water is 4.187 kJ/kg·°C.
E₃ = (0.65 kg)(4.187 kJ/kg·°C)(100 - 51°C) = 139.36 kJ
Total energy = 1.2974 kJ+1469 kJ+139.36 kJ = 1,609.66 kJ
Therefore , the energy change when the temperature of 0.650 kg of water decreased from 101 °c to 51.0 °c is 1,609.66 kJ
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why does the substitution of ortho or para nitro groups onto chlorobenzene greatly increase the tendency of the chlorine to be displaced by nucleophiles?
As an electron-withdrawing group, the nitro group reduces the electron density over the benzene ring. Haloarenes are more reactive to nucleophlic substitution when nitro groups are present in the ortho or para position.
What are nucleophiles ?A reactant known as a nucleophile provides an electron pair in order to create a covalent bond. Typically, a nucleophile has a negative charge or is neutral with one or two donateable electrons. Some examples include H2O, -OMe, or -OtBu. The species with a lot of electrons is a nucleophile overall.
A nucleophile is an atom or molecule that seeks the positive center of a chemical process, such as the atom's nucleus, since it has an accessible electron pair for bonding.
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a compound which contains 35.5% carbon, 8.80 % hydrogen and 55.9% fluorine by mass would have which empirical formula?
The compound's empirical formula is C2H5F.
What is the quick way to locate the empirical formula?Using the molecular mass, which is the total of the atomic (molar) masses listed in the periodic table. m/n = M where n is the number of moles, m is the mass in grams (g), and M is the compound's molecular mass in grams/moles.
What use does the empirical formula serve in chemistry?Typically, the empirical formula is used to only display the components of a molecule. When one wishes to quickly identify the elements they are working with, this is helpful. When you want to know how many atoms of each element are present in the molecule, the molecular formula is the most helpful.
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classify the components as most accurately describing cofactors, coenzymes, or neither.
1. Ca2+
2. Urease
3. NADP
4. CoQ
5. ascorbic acid
6. Inorganic ion
a. Cofactors
b. Coenzymes
c. Neither ascorbic acid
There are no components in the list which are neither cofactors, or coenzymes.
The components as cofactors are Ca2+, Urease, CoQ, ascorbic acid, and Inorganic ion. A cofactor is a non-protein matter or bimetallic particle that's needed for an enzyme's role as a catalyst. Cofactors may be thought-about "helper molecules" that assist in biochemical transformations.
The component as coenzymes is NADP. Coenzymes ar organic compounds needed by several enzymes for chemical change activity. they're typically vitamins, or derivatives of vitamins. typically they'll act as catalysts within the absence of enzymes, however not thus effectively as in conjunction with an enzyme.
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decomposition of ni3 produces nitrogen gas and iodine. how many grams of the reactant would be required to react completely to give 2.49 g of the iodine?
It would take 8.26 g of the reactant in grams.
NI3 breaks down into 2 NI3 (s) ——————————> N2 (g) (g) It is evident from the chemical equation that 761.4 g of iodine is obtained from = 789.4 g of NI3 when the following conditions are met:.......... +..................... 3 I2 (g) 2 mol..................................1 mol.........................................3 mol 2 x 394.7 g/mol..............28 g/mol....................................3 x 253.8 g/mol
As a result, the formula yields 7.97 g of iodine: = 789.4 g x 7.97 g / 761.4 of NI3 = 6291.518 / 761.4 of NI3 = 8.26 g of NI3; therefore, 8.26 g of the reactant would be needed.
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one or more substances are changed or converted into other substances during reactions.
A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, also called reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, known as products.
What does the term chemical equation mean?
A chemical equation is a formula that lists the reactants and products of a chemical process. The reactants are to the left of the arrow, and the products are to the right. They will always be written in the same manner as a mathematical equation, from left to right. On occasion, a symbol will appear above or below the arrow to denote a prerequisite for the response to proceed. Products are the end result of chemical reactions that either break down an existing substance or create a new one. For instance, you can create edible table salt by combining solid sodium and gaseous chlorine (NaCl). This reaction is very flammable and produces a lot of heat (exothermic reaction).Hence, chemical reaction is the process.
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