Generally, epidemiological studies _______.
a. establish causation.
b. prove correlations.
c. cannot determine cause-and-effect relationships.
d. are science-based research efforts that examine two variables.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

the answer is c

Explanation:

Answer 2

Generally, epidemiological studies cannot determine cause-and-effect relationships.

What is the simple definition of epidemiology?

Epidemiology is the method used to find the health consequences of a population and the causes of illness. In epidemiology, patients are communities, and individuals are seen collectively.

Epidemiological studies provide the basis for disease control and prevention by tracking disease prevalence, characterizing natural history, and identifying disease determinants or causes. .. Define risk factors for illness and preventive medicine goals.

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Related Questions

Explain the characteristics of the three states of matter.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Solid matter is composed of tightly packed particles. A solid will retain its shape; the particles are not free to move around. Liquid matter is made of more loosely packed particles. ... Gaseous matter is composed of particles packed so loosely that it has neither a defined shape nor a defined volume.

Answer:

Solid matter is composed of tightly packed particles. A solid will retain its shape; the particles are not free to move around. Liquid matter is made of more loosely packed particles. ... Gaseous matter is composed of particles packed so loosely that it has neither a defined shape nor a defined volume.

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1. What is meant by adaptive evolution?

Answers

Explanation:

changes in an organism that make it suitable to its habitat

What do we(our body) break down to get energy?​

Answers

Glucose

[tex] \boxed{ \tt \: formula \: of \: glucose \: = C_6H_{12}O_6}[/tex]

List and describe three Earth Science careers.

Answers

Below I list and describe some careers for Earth Science.

Mineralogy. This is has to do with the scientific research of minerals, which includes their physical properties, chemical composition, internal crystal structure, and occurrence and distribution in nature.

Soil Science. This is the science that has to do with soils as a natural resource on Earth, which includes the formation soil, classification, mapping, physical, chemical, biological, and fertility properties of soils.

Paleontology. This is the study of life prior to the modern world, basically discovering ancient fossils and structures that tell us how life used to be in the far past, going back to the era where dinosaurs still existed on Earth.

Toxins are dumped into a lake. Which of the following is not a likely consequence?

a.)Plankton in the lake absorb the toxin.
b.)The toxin will remain contained in that lake.
c.)A baby bird living in a nest 2 miles from the lake shows high levels of the toxin in its system.
d.)Large fish in the lake register moderate levels of the toxin.

Answers

Answer:

B-The toxin will remain contained in that lake

Explanation:

Answer:

The toxin will remain contained in that lake.

Explanation:

odyssey-ware 2022

Which is NOT considered an invasive species? A. rabbits in Australia B. feral pigs in the United States C. zebra mussels in the United States D. wolves in the United States​

Answers

Answer:

I would say A, rabbits in Australia.

Explanation:

Hope this helps! :)

Answer: I say

Explanation:

if it's right your

Please help, I’ll mark as brainliest.

Answers

Answer:

The second answer is correct.

Explanation:

The crossing over of chromosomes, which is one of the ways meiosis achieves genetic diversity, is physical. Crossing over does not occur in prokaryotic cells as they do not undergo meiosis.

explain how weather conditions in Florida influence human behavior (100 points!!)

Answers

Answer:

hydrologic conditions in Florida have influenced

Explanation:

various atmospheric, oceanic, and hydrologic conditions in Florida have influenced and can influence human behavior

What is Phobia ?
Name one Phobia​

Answers

A phobia is an intense fear of something that, in reality, poses little or no actual danger. Common phobias and fears include closed-in places, heights, highway driving, flying insects, snakes, and needles. However, you can develop phobias of virtually anything.

OR

A Phobia is an irrational fear of something that's unlikely to cause harm. The word itself comes from the Greek word“phobos,” which means “fear” or “horror.” Hydrophobia, for example, literally translates to fear of water. When someone has a phobia, they experience intense fear of a certain object or situation.

where can you find the largest reservoir of freshwater?

Answers

Answer: Glaciers

     Glaciers are, put simply, huge chunks of frozen water. They contain the second largest reservoir of water and are the largest reservoir for freshwater. This means that "glaciers" should be the answer to your question.

Have a nice day!

     I hope this is what you are looking for, but if not - comment! I will edit and update my answer accordingly.

- Heather

how are stem cells able to produce red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets?​

Answers

Explanation:

this is the best I can do for you sorry let me know if this helps any.

When a stem cell divides, it first becomes an immature red blood cell, white blood cell, or platelet-producing cell. The immature cell then divides, matures further, and ultimately becomes a mature red blood cell, white blood cell, or platelet.

You were looking at an organism that was microscopic, but
too small to be magnified with a compound microscope. You
also need the image to be of the outside surface of the
organism. Of the microscopes below, which option is the
best fit for the criteria you need to meet?
Select one:
O a Scanning electron microscope
Ob. Dissection microscope
Oc Compound light microscope
Od Transmission electron microscope

Answers

Answer:

Scanning electron microscope.

Explanation:

We can answer this question by process of elimination.

A dissection and compound light microscope have too small magnification for this question. Transmission electron microscopes allow the electrons to pass through the subject, visualizing the inside, while scanning electron microscopes capture the exterior (or as the problem worded it, the surface). Therefore, scanning electron is the right answer.

what is digestive tract​

Answers

Answer:

The gastrointestinal tract (aka the digestive tract) is the tract or passageway of the digestive system that leads from the mouth to the anus. The GI tract contains all the major organs of the digestive system.

Answer:

The gastrointestinal tract is the tract or passageway of the digestive system that leads from the mouth to the anus. The GI tract contains all the major organs of the digestive system, in humans and other animals, including the esophagus, stomach, and intestines.

Source: Wikipedia

In the body, the homeostasis of which element is related to properties of bone? cesium carbon calcium copper.

Answers

Answer:

Calcium

Explanation:

it helps to make the bones strong by maintaining the bone mass necessary for them to function well.

Answer:

calcium

Explanation:

Biomes are distinct biological communities that have formed in response to a shared physical climate. Biomes are classified according to the predominant vegetation and characterized by adaptations of organisms to that particular environment. Plants and animals in each of the biomes have adaptations that help them survive in the different environments. Which of these pairs a biome with characteristics of the plant or animal life you'd expect to find there? Choose ALL that apply.
A)taiga: evergreen trees
B)desert: nocturnal animals
C)rainforest: plants with shallow rootsEliminate
D)deciduous forest: hibernating animals
E)savanna: animals with thick coats of fur and fat for insulation

Answers

Answer:

A) Taiga: evergreens

B) Desert: Nocturnal Animals

D) Deciduous forest: hibernating animals

Explanation:

i did it in usatestprep

What emerges from the seed and pushes into the soil?.

Answers

Answer:

The radicle emerges from the seed during the process of germination. The radicle is the embryonic root of the plant, and grows downward in the soil.

Hope this helps <3

what cause an ironic bond

Answers

Ionic??
Two non metals wanting a full outer shell

When we use renewable resources with care, ensuring that they are not depleted for future generations, we are following a practice called.

Answers

Answer:

the practice of sustainability.

Explanation:

sustainability is the practice of using natural resources responsibly, also meaning to be maintained at a certain rate or level.

True or False: All point mutations will result in a missense mutation.

Answers

Answer:

A point mutation affects a single base pair. A point mutation may cause a silent mutation if the mRNA codon codes for the same amino acid, a missense mutation if the mRNA codon codes for a different amino acid, or a nonsense mutation if the mRNA codon becomes a stop codon

A missense mutation is a mistake in the DNA which results in the wrong amino acid being incorporated into a protein because of change, that single DNA sequence change, results in a different amino acid codon which the ribosome recognizes. Changes in amino acid can be very important in the function of a protein.

Explanation: hope this helps;0

All point mutations will result in a missense mutation. The statement is false. This is because a point mutation can result into silent mutation, a missense mutation, or a nonsense mutation.

What are Point Mutations?

A point mutation affects a single base pair in the DNA sequence. A point mutation may result into a silent mutation if the altered mRNA codon encodes for the same amino acid, a missense mutation if the altered mRNA codon encodes for a different amino acid, or a nonsense mutation if the altered mRNA codon becomes a stop codon.

A missense mutation is a mistake in the DNA sequence which results in the synthesis of wrong amino acids which are being incorporated into a protein molecule because of the change, that a single DNA sequence change results in a different amino acid synthesis which the ribosome recognizes.

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WILL MARK BRAINLIEST AND GIVE 25 POINTS Explain how you linked the predator and its prey to a specific environment.

Answers

Answer:

The mouse and shrew bones were common to all three owls so they were not useful in identifying environments. The gopher bones were unique to the great grey owl of Alaska. Gophers are rodents that are successful in areas with soft soil and lots of grass, so the gopher and this owl would be found in the meadows and evergreen forests of Alaska. The bat was unique to the barking owl of Australia. The bat would be found in woodland habitats where there are many trees the bat can hang from. The gull bones were unique to the short-eared owl of Cuba. Gulls are wetland birds, so the gull and this owl would be found in marshes and coastal areas.  

Answer:)

Sample response: The mouse and shrew bones were common to all three owls so they were not useful in identifying environments. The gopher bones were unique to the great grey owl of Alaska. Gophers are rodents that are successful in areas with soft soil and lots of grass, so the gopher and this owl would be found in the meadows and evergreen forests of Alaska. The bat was unique to the barking owl of Australia. The bat would be found in woodland habitats where there are many trees the bat can hang from. The gull bones were unique to the short-eared owl of Cuba. Gulls are wetland birds, so the gull and this owl would be found in marshes and coastal areas.  

Explanation:) have a great day hope this helps

brainliest would be very very appreciated.

Schistosoma mansoni belongs to which of the following groups a. protozoan b. cestodes c. apicomplexa d. trematodes e. nematodes

Answers

Answer:

E. Nematodes

Explanation:

Explanation:

Complete the sentence:
One disadvantage of hydroelectric power is that the electricity used to pump water may have come from.......fuel sources.
Like an answer as soon as possible, please.

Answers

Answer:

'fossil' fuel sources

Explanation:

disadvantages include global warming, climate change and pollution

One disadvantage of hydroelectric power is that the electricity used to pump water may have come from Fossil fuel sources.

What is hydroelectric power?

Hydropower, or water power, is the process of using falling or swiftly moving water to generate energy or drive machinery. This is accomplished by generating electricity from a water source's gravitational potential or kinetic energy. A means of producing sustainable energy is hydropower.

Water flow and quality may be affected by hydropower. Low dissolved oxygen levels in the water, which can be caused by hydropower plants and are hazardous to riparian (riverbank) habitats, are a problem that is fixed using a variety of aeration techniques that oxygenate the water.

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Is this right, please help. I’ll mark as brainliest

Answers

Answer:

That is correct!

Explanation:

Heterozygous means you have one of each allele, dominant and recessive. One dominant is F, one recessive is f, so heterozygous is Ff.

Its looks like you already have it. WOW!!! Mark yourself as the brainliest!! :) :) :) :)!!!

The plasma proteins most important for maintaining fluid balance in the cardiovascular system are the ______.

Answers

Explanation:

Serum albumin, another protein synthesized by the liver, constitutes approximately 60 percent of all of the plasma proteins. It is very important in maintaining osmotic pressure in the blood vessels; it is also an important carrier protein for a number of substances, including hormones.

Characteristics of viruses include all of the following except

They are smaller than prokaryotic cells.

They are visible with a light microscope.

They are obligatory parasites.

They are acellular.

They are composed of genetic material and protein.

Answers

Answer:

I believe your answer to this question is B. They are visible with a light microscope.

Hope this helps!

The body links amino acids with peptide bonds in order to form:.

Answers

Answer:

A DIPEPTIDE is formed when two amino acids combine and a TRIPEPTIDE is formed when three amino acids combine. A polypeptide is a long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.

why might the pure water well prove to be an unreliable water source in the future

Answers

Answer:

Wells can dry up or become contaminated, this question isn't really clear so it's hard to say. It can become contaminated by underlying salt water, heavy metals, or man-made pollutants. Wells also dry up frequently and become unusable.

In which ways is RNA different from DNA? Select all of the properties that apply to RNA, but not DNA. A. Generally single-stranded B. Contains thymine C. Contains uracil D. Contains the sugar ribose E. Contains the sugar deoxyribose.

Answers

Answer:

A C and D

Explanation:

I got it correct on the quiz

What’s are 3 major parts of the nervous system ? What is the function of each part

Answers

Answer: The central nervous system is made up of the brain, cerebellum and the spinal cord

cerebellum-making postural adjustments in order to maintain balance.

spinal cord- help you feel sensations and move your body.

brain- the brain works with the spinal cord to extend and then make up the central nervous system

As chondroblasts mature and become embedded within the matrix, what do they become?.

Answers

Answer:

As chondroblasts secrete matrix, some cells become surrounded by matrix (no longer at boundary). Chondroblasts that become embedded within cartilage differentiate into chondrocytes.

Explanation: i believe this is the answer

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