Help im stuck on this question

The answer is 4-8.

yea that it

Answer:

The correct sequence is:III) Antigenic determinants from pathogen bind to antigen receptors on lymphocytes.

IV) Lymphocytes specific to antigenic determinants from pathogen become numerous.

II) Lymphocytes secrete antibodies.

I) Pathogen is destroyed.

V) Only memory cells remain.

Explanation:

Effective resistance against infection is essential for the development and functioning of the mammalian organism, and for it to be effective, multiple defense systems must be available. In order to meet these objectives, the body has developed a complex system of overlapping and interrelated defense mechanisms, which together can destroy or control almost all invaders.III) Antigenic determinants from pathogen bind to antigen receptors on lymphocytes. It consists of the binding of the foreign antigen to the specific receptors existing on the membrane of mature lymphocytes. The B lymphocytes that mediate humoral immunity express antibody molecules on their surface, which bind to foreign proteins, polysaccharides or lipids in their soluble form; T lymphocytes, responsible for cellular immunity, express so-called T cell receptors (TCR), which recognize small sequences of antigenic peptides.

IV) Lymphocytes specific to antigenic determinants from pathogen become numerous.II) Lymphocytes secrete antibodies.

Activation phase: sequence of events that occur in lymphocytes as a result of specific antigen recognition. All lymphocytes undergo two fundamental changes: a) proliferation: expansion of antigen-specific clones and amplification of the protective response, in which the CD4 T lymphocyte, capable of activating CD8 B and T lymphocytes, assumes a preponderant role; b) differentiation: stage in which effector cells and memory cells are formed. The first produce various substances that can interact with the antigen, such as antibodies and lymphokines; the second are partially differentiated lymphocytes, that is, they do not become effector cells.

I) Pathogen is destroyed.

In this phase, the T lymphocytes differentiated into effector cells migrate to the sites of attack, where they carry out their functions of eliminating pathogens, while the B lymphocytes perform them in the peripheral organs themselves.

V) Only memory cells remain.

One of the most important consequences of the adaptive immune response is the establishment of the state of immunological memory, which lies in the ability of the immune system to respond more quickly and efficiently to microorganisms that have previously infected the host and it reflects the preexistence of a clonally expanded population of antigen-specific lymphocytes. We call, therefore, the immune response that the organism gives when it comes into contact for the first time with a foreign agent and from which a series of events derives that include nonspecific innate defense mechanisms and adaptive response mechanisms, if the pathogen manages to survive the first ones.

Answer:

True

Explanation:

The first contact that an organism has with a particular antigen will result in the production of effector T and B cells which are activated cells that defend against the pathogen. ... Memory T and memory B cells are also produced in the case that the same pathogen enters the organism again.

Answer: Landslides can overwhelm, and even pollute streams and waterbodies with excess sediment. In extreme cases they can dam streams and rivers, impacting both water quality and fish habitat. Landslides can wipe out large tracts of forest, destroy wildlife habitat, and remove productive soils from slopes.

Answer:

look below

Explanation:

Calcium is very essential in muscle contraction, oocyte activation, building strong bones and teeth, blood clotting, nerve impulse, transmission, regulating heartbeat and fluid balance within cells. Brainliest please.

Answer:

Mistletoe is a parasite – it steals water and nutrients from trees. Technically, it is a “hemiparasite”, which means that it can generate some of its own resources through photosynthesis – it just needs that energetic kick from the sun to fuel the biological siege and subsequent invasion of the tree

Explanation:

Answer:

50% will have ears

Explanation:

To have ears you must have the trait nn since the ears trait is recessive,  2 of the four possible offspring are like this, so 50%

Answer:

B. Fossil fuels release carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, as they

burn

On Earth, human activities are changing the natural greenhouse. Over the last century the burning of fossil fuels like coal and oil has increased the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). This happens because the coal or oil burning process combines carbon with oxygen in the air to make CO2.

B. Fossil fuels release carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, as they burn.

Fossil fuels are non-renewable resources that are formed over millions of years from the remains of dead plants and animals. They include coal, oil, and natural gas, which are used to generate energy and power many modern-day technologies.

Fossil fuels are found in deposits beneath the Earth's surface, and they are extracted through mining or drilling. They are burned to release energy in the form of heat or electricity, making them a primary source of energy for transportation, electricity generation, heating, and cooling. However, the burning of fossil fuels also releases greenhouse gases, which contribute to climate change and other environmental problems.

When fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas are burned, they release carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

These greenhouse gases trap heat from the sun, causing a warming effect on the Earth's surface. This phenomenon is known as the greenhouse effect, and it is a significant contributor to climate change.

As the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere continues to increase, the Earth's temperature rises, leading to changes in climate patterns, rising sea levels, and more frequent extreme weather events.

Learn more about fossil fuels at:

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Answer:

Implantation is the mechanism by which a blastocyst, which is passing through the uterus as a developing embryo, makes contact with the uterine wall and remains bound to it before birth. The uterine lining (endometrium) undergoes several internal modifications in order to allow for the emerging blastocyst to bind to it.

Explanation:

- Eijiro <3

Answer: E all of the above

Explanation:

Vascular system.

Phototropisms are caused by an unequal distribution of auxin. This makes the plant grow either towards or away from the light, depending on which part of the plant receives the light.

In a stem, the cells on the shaded side contain more auxin and grow longer than the cells on the light side. This causes the stem to grow towards the light. It is vital to note that the plant does NOT bend towards the light.

Phototropisms are a result of an unequal distribution of auxin. This makes the plant develop both in the direction of or far from the mild, relying on which part of the plant gets the mild.

In a stem, the cells at the shaded aspect comprise greater auxin and develop longer than the cells at the mild aspect. This reasons the stem to develop in the direction of the mild. It is crucial to be aware that the plant does NOT bend in the direction of the mild.

Auxins are a category of plant hormones (or plant-boom regulators) with a few morphogen-like characteristics. Auxins play a cardinal position in the coordination of many boom and behavioral procedures in plants cycles and are important for plant frame development.

Thus it is clear that the system that carries auxin to move to the darker side is the vascular system.

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:https://brainly.com/question/22682947

Answer:

i think it is c  

Explanation:

Answer:

d i think

Explanation:

Answer:

This would be the The integumentary system

Explanation:

I will write it in comments

Answer:

The main difference between transfection and transformation is that the transfection refers to the introduction of foreign DNA. Into mammalian cells while the transformation refers to the introduction of foreign DNA into bacterial, yeast or plant cells.

Explanation:

Hope this helps have a nice day!

Answer:

secondary succession

Explanation:

Answer:  

Trackways/footprints, mold and cast fossils, feeding marks, coprolites, and burrows. Trace fossils show the activity of ancient organisms rather than the body fossil itself. However, it is rather difficult to identify an organism by use of mere trace fossil, and therefore, it is less accurate.

Answer:

D: DNA replication uses thymine

Explanation:

Make sure to look up your question before you ask it, as there was already an answer to this exact question: https://brainly.com/question/18486826

Answer:

Explanation: Diffusion is a process that allows particles to move from areas of high concentration to areas of lower concentration. The process requires that particles are moving. As long as particles are not at a temperature of 0K (absolute zero) they have kinetic energy (energy of movement)

Answer:

A. allopatric

Explanation:

Allopatric speciation consists of the geographic separation of a continuous genetic background -population-, giving place to two or more new geographically isolated populations. These separations might be due to migration, extinction of geographically intermediate individuals, or geological events. In this type of speciation, some barriers impede genetic interchange or flow. The populations are separated by a barrier and can not get together and mate anymore. These barriers might be geographical or ecological.

When a geographical barrier emerges, this is known as a vicariant event. Vicariance is the geographical separation of a population imposed by discontinuities in the physical environment that divides populations that originally were continuous. The process of vicariant allopatric speciation involves different steps:

• The emergence of the barrier.

• Interruption in the genetic interchange

• The occurrence of new mutations and their accumulation in time in each population. Slow and gradual differentiation.

• Genetic divergence by natural selection and reproductive isolation makes it impossible for the two groups to mate even if the barrier disappears.

• Prezigotic isolation mechanisms favored by selection once a secondary contact between the new formating species occurs.

So in the exposed example, the original population was composed of fishes living in a pond under the same environmental conditions and selective pressures.

However, with time, the pond dried, causing a decrease in water level and the emergence of a new physical barrier. The original population got separated by a piece of ground, and the original pond turned into two smaller ponds. The physical barrier is now interrupting the genetic flow between both groups.

Animals on each pond suffer from different environmental pressures to which they need to adapt. New mutations occur, leading to genetic divergence between the two separated groups. Two species emerged, red fishes and blue fishes.

Answer:

is there options?

Explanation:

Explanation

Answer:

B. methane

Explaination: ...............................

the correct statement is

D. It is replenished by surface water

Answer:

C - it is the only source of freshwater

Explanation:

Surface water is another source of freshwater, rendering this statement not true

Answer:

Several billion years after its life starts, a star will die. How the star dies, however, depends on what type of star it is. Stars Like the Sun. When the core runs out of hydrogen fuel, it will contract under the weight of gravity. However, some hydrogen fusion will occur in the upper layers. As the core contracts, it heats up.

Answer:

i believe it is 27.3

Answer:

D) Paramecium

Explanation:

Sorry if my answer is wrong

Answer:

I'd proceed to order pipes from ebay as to replace said parts.

During the process I'd question why is there an army of beef-cake Mega-Men in my basement.

Since I'm a mad scientist I'd make some type of body armor that enhances durability, Thus allowing my warriors to remain standing tall while taking a few rounds of a some good ol' bullet lead.

I would also use BIO-Tech enhancing their skin durability to take the deepest of cuts. Muscle definition and power so my men could slap an Elephant to next week.

(Or atleast until the government find out about the absolute units in my basement and arrest me)