Answer: In the third shell, an electron has more energy and is farther from the nucleus.
Explanation:
6. For 2NH3 equilibrium N₂ + 3H2, Kb is 6 × 104 then Kb is a.1.12 × 10^3 b. 1.67 * 10^5 1.51 × 10^-3 d. 1.67 x 10^-5
Answer:
Explanation:
The equilibrium constant (K) for the reaction 2NH3 equilibrium N₂ + 3H2 is given as 6 × 104. This value indicates the relative concentrations of the reactants and products at equilibrium.
To determine the correct option among the choices given (a, b, c, or d), we need to know the concentration units of the equilibrium constant. Without this information, it is not possible to determine which of the given options is correct.
The equilibrium constant is usually expressed in terms of the concentration of the reactants and products in the reaction. For example, if the concentration units for the equilibrium constant are mol/L, then the correct option could be one of the following:
a. 1.12 × 10^3: This option has the correct units (mol/L) but the value is incorrect.
b. 1.67 * 10^5: This option has the correct units (mol/L) but the value is incorrect.
c. 1.51 × 10^-3: This option has the correct units (mol/L) but the value is incorrect.
d. 1.67 x 10^-5: This option has the correct units (mol/L) but the value is incorrect.
Without more information about the concentration units of the equilibrium constant, it is not possible to determine which of the given options is correct.
In our chem lab. We have to do something called the chem 21. This weeks topic was about solving ten test tube mystery and basically we were using a plate to mix it by one chemical to one chemical.We discovered thatA=KlB=Na2sC=NH4ClD=HClE=AgNo3F=BaCl2G=H2SO4H=NaBrI=NaOHJ=CuSO4However, we have to explain why and write the net ionic equation?
our chemistry lab. The chem 21 is a requirement for us. Basically, we were using a plate to chem lab it by one chemical to one.
Your Instructor has defined tolerances, which the Chem21 computer uses to score your response. This week's theme was about solving ten test tube mysteries. You will be informed on the website whether you are required to round your response chem lab to the correct number of Significant Figures; otherwise, you need just enter a number that lies between the correct amount minus
Here are some Chemistry Practical Class 12 experiments that will help students effectively prepare for their exams. I Making potash alum or ferrous ammonium sulphate double salt. Identifying a cation and an anion in a.
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list the elements na, ca, rb, cl, he in order of decreasing first ionization energy.
The order of the elements in decreasing first ionization energy is He > Cl > H > Ca > Rb.
In physics and chemistry, ionization energy, ionization energy is the minimum energy required to remove the weakest bound electron from an isolated atom, positive ion, or molecule. The ionization energy of an atom, denoted Ei, is measured by finding the minimum energy of a light quantum (photon) or electron being accelerated to a known energy that would repel loosely bound atomic electrons. . Measurements are made in the gas phase on single atoms.
On the periodic table, the first ionization energy usually increases as you move from left to right over a period of time. This is because the increased nuclear charge causes the outermost electron to bind more strongly to the nucleus.
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a soluble chloride X with liquid Y on heating to give gas Z which turns moist blue litmus paper red
1.identify Y and Z
2. give chemical test that can be used to confirm X is a chloride
Answer:(a)(i) Y is Conc. H2SO4, Z is HCl(g) or hydrogen chloride
(ii) Acidify a solution of X with dilute HNO3 and add AgNO3(aq). White ppt. soluble in aqueous ammonia confirms the presence of chloride. E.g. add solution of X to Pb2+ solution to get a white ppt. soluble when hot, reappearing on cooing.
Explanation:
Why is there chemical bonding at all?
The simplest response is that atoms are attempting to enter the most stable (lowest-energy) state possible. When an atom meets the octet rule or forms chemical bonds, many of them become stable.
What exactly is chemical bonding used for?The attraction between two or more atoms that enables them to combine to produce a stable chemical compound is known as chemical bonding. Chemical bonds can have many different types, but covalent and ionic bonds are the most well-known. When one atom has less energy, the other has enough thanks to these bonds.
What are responsible for chemical bonding?The valence electrons are the ones in charge of forming chemical bonds. Atoms trade electrons to form chemical bonds. Ionic and covalent bonds are the two basic types of bonding. When two atoms with different electronegativity join together, ionic connections are formed.
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What are the elements located on the right side of the table called?
Classify the following monosaccharides according to the position of the carbonyl group and the number of carbon atoms in the molecule.
The first structure is ketotetrose.
The second structure is ketohexose.
The third structure is aldohexose.
Monosaccharides are the most fundamental form of sugar and are the monomers from which all other types of carbohydrates are produced. They are also frequently referred to as simple sugars. In addition to this, they are the most basic form of sugar. The majority of the time, these compounds have a crystalline form, are white in color, and are soluble in water. Despite their common name, monosaccharides are not all sugars. Only certain monosaccharides have a flavor that can be described as sweet. The structure of the great majority of monosaccharides can be represented mathematically as CnH₂nOn. disaccharides and polysaccharides are created from monosaccharides, which are the foundational building blocks of carbohydrates. Sucrose, most commonly referred to as table sugar, is a disaccharide.
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What are the 4 routes of chemical exposure?
There are four primary routes through which a chemical may enter the body:breathing (inhalation) (breathing)Contact with the skin or the eyes swallowing and injecting
How many different ways are there to be exposed to chemicals?Chemicals must reach your body in order to harm your health.The three basic "routes of exposure," or methods by which a chemical enters your body, are as follows.BREATHING
What are the three exposure routes?The method via which a person may come into touch with a dangerous material is referred to as an exposure pathway.There are three primary exposure routes: direct touch, ingestion, and inhalation.Measuring the quantity of the dangerous material just at point of contact allows for the determination of the degree and extent of exposure.
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What will be the ratio of the root mean square speeds of the molecules?
After that, the speeds of the molecules are calculated at the two different temperatures as given in the question and then, the ratio is calculated by dividing.
Here, T is the temperature,
m is the mass of the molecules and
R is the Gas constant.
Let's taken an example of the two temperatures are as follows:
[tex]T_{1}[/tex]=270K
[tex]T_{2}[/tex]=30K
We know that the root mean square speed of the molecules is given as:
[tex]V_{rms} = \sqrt{\frac{3RT}{M} }[/tex]
Putting the values of the temperatures and calculating the root mean square speeds of the molecules:
[tex]V_{rms1} = \sqrt[]{\frac{3R*270}{M} }[/tex]
[tex]V_{rms2} = \sqrt{\frac{3R*30}{M} }[/tex]
Dividing the above two root mean square speed equations in order to get the ratio of the two, we get,
⇒ [tex]\frac{V_{rms1} }{V_{rms2} } = \frac{\sqrt{\frac{3R*270}{M} } }{\sqrt{\frac{3R*30}{M} } }[/tex]
⇒ [tex]\frac{V_{rms1} }{V_{rms2} } = \sqrt{\frac{9}{1} }[/tex]
⇒ [tex]\frac{V_{rms1} }{V_{rms2} } = \frac{3}{1}[/tex]
Hence, the ratio of the root mean square speeds of the molecules of an ideal gas at 270K and 30K is 3:1.
Note: It is important to note that the root-mean-square speed is the measure of the speed of particles in a gas, defined as the square root of the average velocity-squared of the molecules in a gas. The mass and the Gas constant values for a particular gas remain the same and only temperature is the variant.
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You are given a small beaker of solution at room temp. You add a bit of solute to the solution and it dissolves. The solution was:.
Answer:
UNsaturated
Explanation:
Eventually by adding solute you will reach a point where no more will dissolve....then it is saturated
What is the process of enzymes called?
The process of enzymes is called enzymatic action and the in terms of body it is known as digestion.
The response then occurs, changing the substrate into merchandise and forming an enzyme merchandise complicated. The merchandise then go away the energetic site of the enzyme. The first step of an enzyme catalyzed response is catalytic turnover the binding of substrate via way of means of the enzyme the discharge of product dissociation of the ES complicated ES -> E + P. An enzyme-catalyzed response may be more or less divided into 3 stages: enzyme-substrate binding, "catalysis" and product release.
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50.0 g of sucrose (molar mass 342 g/mol) is dissolved in a total volume of 200. ml of solution. 10.0 ml of this solution is withdrawn and then diluted with water to a total volume of 50.0 ml. what is the molarity of sucrose in this final solution?
According to molar concentration, the molarity of sucrose in the final solution is 0.0584 M.
What is molar concentration?Molar concentration is defined as a measure by which concentration of chemical substances present in a solution are determined. It is defined in particular reference to solute concentration in a solution . Most commonly used unit for molar concentration is moles/liter.
The molar concentration depends on change in volume of the solution which is mainly due to thermal expansion. Molar concentration is calculated by the formula, molar concentration=mass/ molar mass ×1/volume of solution in liters.
In terms of moles, it's formula is given as molar concentration= number of moles /volume of solution in liters.
Initially the molarity of sucrose is determined as, number of moles /volume of solution in liters which is 0.146/0.2=0.0292 moles and then molarity after dilution is determined as, M₁V₁=M₂V₂, on substitution M₂=0.0292×10/50=0.0584 M.
Thus, the molarity of sucrose in this final solution is 0.0584 M.
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A 295 g aluminum engine part at an initial temperature if 13.00 degrees Celsius absorbs 75.0 kJ of heat. What is the final temperature of the part (c of AL - 0.900 J/gK)?
What is the concentration of solution which contains 16 gram of urea in 20 gram of solution?
The concentration of a solution which contains 16 gram of urea in 20 gram of solution is 80%.
What is concentration?Concentration in chemistry is a quantitative measure of the amount of solute in a given solution. It is usually expressed in terms of the amount of solute per unit volume of solution. It is commonly used to determine the amount of reactants or products in a reaction. It is also used to measure the amount of dissolved substances in a given sample, such as the amount of salt in seawater.
Urea is a non-volatile solute, meaning it does not evaporate when the solution is heated. Therefore, the concentration of the solution remains the same throughout the heating process.
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]
Consider the following intermediate chemical equations.
C(s) +
CO(g) +
O₂(g) → CO(g)
How will oxygen appear in the final chemical equation?
O O2(g) as a product
O O2(g) as a reactant
OO(g) as a product
O 20(g) as a reactant
O₂(g) → CO₂(g)
In the above intermediate chemical equation, oxygen will appear as follows: O₂(g) as a reactant (option B).
What is a chemical equation?A chemical equation in chemistry is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction where reactants are represented on the left, and products on the right.
According to this question, an intermediate chemical equation is presented as follows:
CO(g) + O₂(g) → CO(g)C(s) + O₂(g) → CO₂(g)As observed in the above chemical equation, oxygen will react in its gaseous form i.e. as a reactant.
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draw complete lewis dot structures for ethyl acetate, acetaminophen, phenacetin, caffeine, and aspirin. after analysis of the lewis structure of ethyl acetate (which is used as the mobile phase in this experiment), determine its polar or nonpolar nature. using the structure of ethyl acetate, is it a polar or a non-polar solvent?
The Lewis structure is a simplified representation of the valence shell electrons in a molecule. It is used to show how electrons are arranged around individual atoms in a molecule. Electrons are shown as "dots" or to connect electrons as a line between two atoms.
1) Ethyl acetate: [tex]C_{4}H_{8}O_{2}[/tex]
Ethyl acetate is a widely used solvent, especially for paints, varnishes, lacquers, cleaning compounds, and perfumes. Like last week's MOTW, dichloromethane, is used as a solvent to reduce coffee grounds. In the laboratory, ethyl acetate is a common solvent for column and thin layer chromatography.
2. Acetaminophen:
Acetaminophen is an active ingredient in hundreds of over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription medications. It relieves pain and fever. Acetaminophen can also be combined with other active ingredients in medications that treat allergies, coughs, colds, flu, and insomnia. In prescription acetaminophen is found along with other active ingredients to treat severe pain. Acetaminophen can cause serious liver damage if used more than prescribed. The FDA has taken action to improve consumer safety when using acetaminophen.
3) Phenacetin:
Phenacetin has been used as an analgesic and antipyretic in both human and veterinary medicine for many years. It was introduced in treatment in 1887 and was widely used in analgesic mixtures until it was included in kidney diseases (nephropathy) due to the abuse of analgesics. Phenacetin was also once used as a stabilizer for hydrogen peroxide in hair bleaching preparations.
4-Caffeine
Caffeine is a stimulant, which means it increases activity in your brain and nervous system. Caffeine also increases the circulation of chemicals in the body like cortisol and adrenaline. In small doses, caffeine can make you feel relaxed and focused.
5.Aspirin
Aspirin is a common medicine to relieve minor aches, pains, and fever. Also, people use it as an anti-inflammatory or blood thinner.
Aspirin can buy by people can buy over the counter without a prescription. Daily benefits include relieving headaches, reducing inflammation, and reducing fever.
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What will be the result if we use little amount of chemical sanitizer in sanitizing the tools used in preparing food?
Dangerous pathogens won't be reduced sufficiently without sanitizer. A surplus could be harmful.
Why is proper use of the chemical sanitizer so important?Sanitizers are substances that have the ability to eradicate microorganisms, including the bacteria responsible for food poisoning and other diseases. When used properly, they can reduce the number of bacteria on surfaces to a safe level.
What would occur if chemical sanitizers were used excessively?Concentrations higher than necessary can be hazardous, detrimental to flavour and odour, corrosive to metals and other materials, and residue-producing. Over time, a chlorine bleach sanitising solution starts to lose part of its effectiveness.
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you created a standard curve and calculated the slope to be 64.52. after synthesizing your copper network, you weighed 0.059 grams of your copper product, worked it up with nitric acid, buffer, and ammonia and added it to a 25 ml volumetric flask. then, you measured the absorbance of your solution and received a value of 0.374. what is the % mass of copper in your product?
The % mass of copper in your product will be 3.93 %.
Calculated slope = 64.52
Mass of copper product = 0.059 g
Initial volume (V1) = 25 ml
Final volume (V2) = 100 ml
Absorbance (A) = 0.374
% mass of copper = ?
To find out the concentration (C) we use the following equation
C = A / slope
Put the values
C (M2) = 0.374 / 64.52
C (M2) = 0.005797 g/L
To calculate M1 we use the following equation.
M1V1 = M2V2
M1 = 0.005797 * 100 ml / 25 ml
M1 = 0.0232 g/L
mass of copper = Penny solution x Volume
mass of copper = 0.0232 g/L x 0.1 L
mass of copper = 0.00232 g
% mass of copper = (total mass of copper ÷ mass of penny) x 100
% mass of copper = (0.00232/ 0.059 ) x 100
% mass of copper = 3.93 %
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W
If a chemist starts with 100 grams of Al(OH)3, how much water will be produced?
2Al(OH)3 + 3H₂ →
2AI + 6H₂O
2Al(OH)3 + 3H₂ →2AI + 6H₂O , 2 moles of Al(OH)3 give ,3 moles of H₂O. so, 100gm of Al(OH)3 gives 300 gm of H₂O.
What causes an endothermic reaction?Endothermic chemical processes are those that generally absorb (or use) energy. When bonds in the reactants are broken in endothermic reactions, more energy is absorbed than is released when new bonds are created in the products.
What does the an in n a stand for?Not applicable, (also known as N/A), is a written acronym for not applicable that is used on forms when you are unable to provide a relevant (i.e., answer the question) response. Related words and phrases are part of the SMART Vocabulary. undesirable and inappropriate. amiss.
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What is 3 oxygen called?
Answer: Ozone
Explanation:
Ozone, O3, also known as Trioxygen, is a triatomic molecule consisting of three oxygen. Ozone is the allotrope, or behavior, of oxygen that is less stable than O2.
Why does a solution have a depressed freezing point and an elevated boiling point compared with the pure solvent?
Depressed freezing point because the solute changed the solvent's molecular structure, causing it to refreeze at a lower temperature. More solute supplied generates a higher boiling point because the solute interacts with the solvent, requiring more energy to bring to a boil.
What is a pure solvent?
When mating surfaces are in close contact and no gap filling is necessary, pure solvents, which have just one component, are employed to affix thermoplastics.
Depressed freezing point because the solute changed the solvent's molecular structure, causing it to refreeze at a lower temperature. More solute supplied generates a higher boiling point because the solute interacts with the solvent, requiring more energy to bring to a boil.
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Draw the best Lewis structure for XeI2.
In the XeI₂ Lewis structure, a xenon atom displays a xenon atom in the center, surrounded by two iodine atoms. There are two single bonds connecting the xenon atom to each iodine atom. There are three lone pairs on the xenon atom and both iodine atoms.
Lewis's structure is a pattern or diagram that describes the number of valence electrons of the atoms that will form chemical bonds. The Lewis structure is also known as the electron dot formula.
Several stages of how to write a Lewis structure:
First determine the center of the atom.Count on all the valence electrons of the atom. If the species is an ion, then add as many electrons as the ion has a negative charge or subtract the number of electrons with a positive charge.Create an electron pair for each bond.Complete the duplet or octet rule for the atoms bonded to the central atom.Add if necessary, the electron pairs on the central atom.If the atom center has not reached the octet rule, then a double bond must be formed to reach the octet rule.Learn more about Lewis's structure at https://brainly.com/question/20300458
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Is sodium bicarbonate a physical or chemical change?
When sodium bicarbonate breaks down into sodium carbonate and water this reaction comes under the category of a chemical change.
Decomposition and pH are two common chemical properties of sodium bicarbonate. The pH tells us about the number of (H+) ions present in the compounds. It helps us to identify whether a given substance is acidic , basic or neutral in nature.
A chemical change happens when a reaction takes place , whereas a physical change happens when something changes shape but not its chemical properties.
Physical changes are reversible whereas chemical changes are irreversible. Example , melting of ice is physical change whereas burning of paper is chemical change.
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HI(aq) + H2O(l) = H3O(aq) + I-(aq) Identify each as either a: Bronsted-Lowry acid, Bronsted-Lowry base, conjugate acid, or conjugate base.
HI is the Bronsted-Lowry acid and water is the Bronsted-Lowry base, it accepts the H⁺.
According to Bronsted Lowry theory:
Acid is the one that release a proton
Base is the one that accept a proton
HF is the acid, it donates the proton to water.
Water is the base, it accepts the H⁺
HI (aq) + H₂O(l) → H₃O⁺ (aq) + I⁻ (aq
HF is the acid, it donates the proton to water.
Water is the base, it accepts the H⁺
The Bronsted Lowry theoryThe Bronsted-Lowry hypothesis, sometimes known as the proton theory of acid and base, was devised by English chemist Thomas Martin Lowry and Swedish scientist Johannes Nicolaus Bronsted.
According to the theory, when an acid and a base react, the acid trades its proton for the base's conjugate base, and the base for the acid's conjugate proton.
The Bronsted-Lowry hypothesis is an enlarged version of the Arrhenius theory of acid-base.
The Arrhenius theory states that while base increases the concentration of OH- ions in an aqueous solution, acid increases the concentration of H+ ions.
The Arrhenius hypothesis' disadvantage is that it can only be used to identify an acid-base interaction in an aqueous medium.
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What are the 4 common elements that form covalent bonds?
Answer:
The four (4) most important elements found in cells that form covalent bonds are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen.
Explanation:
Convert The Following Measurement. 0.0088 G/ CM3 = KG/M3
The value of density in kg/m³ is equal to 0.00088 kg/m³.
What is the metric system?The metric system can be demonstrated as a system of measurement that is composed after the decimalized system based on the meter. Each of the fundamental dimensions can be represented by a single base unit of measurement.
For parameters derived from the base units of the system, units derived from the base units can be used such as the square meter being the derived unit for the area, a parameter derived from length.
Metric units can be defined as units based on the gram, meter, or second and decimal multiples.
Given the density in the unit of g/cm³.
Density = 0.0088 g/cm³
We know that 1 Kg = 1000 g
⇒ 1 g = 10⁻³ Kg
We know that 1 m = 100cm
1 cm = 10⁻² m
Therefore, Density = 0.0088 × 10⁻³Kg/10⁻² m³
Density = 0.00088 kg/m³
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calculate the ph for the strong acid/strong base titration between 50.0 ml of 0.100 m hno3(aq) and 0.200 m naoh (titrant) at the listed volumes of added base: 0.00 ml, 15.0 ml, 25.0 ml, and 40.0 ml.
The pH of the strong acid /strong base for different volumes are 1.00,1.51,7,12.523.
What is pH?
Water's pH level indicates how acidic or basic it is. The range is 0 to 14, with 7 acting as a neutral value. A pH of greater than 7 denotes a base, while one of less than 7 suggests acidity. The pH scale really measures the proportion of free hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in a solution.
Using the concept of titration we can calculate pH for each volumes.
Using pW=pH+pOH
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What percent of MgO is Mg?
The percent composition is calculated by dividing the mass of an atom by the total mass of the compound multiplied by 100.
percentage of atom= (mass of atom/molecular mass) X 100
The atomic weight of magnesium Mg is 24.3. The atomic weight of oxygen is 16.0.
The total mass is (24.3+16.0 = 40.3)
put values in formula to calculate percentage,
Percentage of magnesium= (24.3/40.3) X 100
Percentage of magnesium= 60.29%.
The percent composition of magnesium in magnesium oxide is 60.29 %.
molecular mass
Molecular mass of an element is defined as the sum of the masses of the elements present in the molecule.
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Stereochemistry: Choose the chiral structures Choose the chiral structures among the ones shown. Check all that apply. Stereochemistry: Choose the achiral structures Choose all the achiral compounds among the ones shown. (Each of your choices can be achiral in any conformation, not just the ones shown.) Check all that apply.
Among the given compounds all are having chiral centres since the central carbon is attached to different groups.
What is chirality?A compound become chiral if it contains at least one chiral centre that is., a carbon atom with four different valencies. For example CFClBrI is chiral since the carbon atom is joined with four different groups.
Chiral compounds are optically active and have stereoisomers. The first given compound is chiral , where the second carbon with the OH group is attached with four different groups. One is OH, second is H, and one is CH₃ group and the last one is CH (CH₃)₂.
The second compound is also chiral where the carbon with the OH group has four different valencies. The third one is also chiral with a carbon atom having four different groups. Hence, all of the compounds are chiral.
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Draw the final product of this series of reactions. 1. BH3 2. H2O2, NaOH 3. PBrz 4. 1 equivalent of NaOEt • Use the wedge/hash bond tools to indicate stereochemistry where it exists. • Show stereochemistry in a meso compound. • If the reaction produces a racemic mixture, draw both stereoisomers. • Draw one structure per sketcher. Add additional sketchers using the drop-down menu in the bottom right corner. • Separate multiple products using the + sign from the drop-down menu. OH compound a compound b (racemic) compound d OH compoundc compound b compound e (racemic) y. 104 z mCPBA aa. NaOH, H20 bb. Naº Reagents a. HX m. Na/NH3 HBr, H2O2, hv n. H2SO4, HgSO4 C. H2O, H2SO4 0. (sia) BH then H2O2, NaOH d. X2 p. 1 equivalent of NaNH2 e. H2, Pd q. NBS, hv f. X2, H20 r. Bre, hv g. OsO4 then NaHSO3 s. (CH3)2COK h. Hg(OAC)2, H2O then NaBH4 t. PBrz i. BH2 then H2O2, NaOH SOCI2 j. Oz then (CH3)2S H3PO4 k. 2 equivalents of NaNH2 W. H2Cro4 1. H2, Lindlar's catalyst X. PCC This synthesis was designed using the Organic Chemistry Road Map found in the appendix of your textbook. In this synthesis, reagents from the table are used to carry out the indicated steps (shown in blue). In the box below, draw the structure of compound b.
The final product of the given series of reactions is shown in the attached diagram below.
What is hydroboration?In organic chemistry, hydroboration can be described as the addition of a hydrogen-boron bond to double and triple bonds involving carbon (C=C, C=O, and C≡C).
Hydroboration forms organoborane compounds that react with a variety of reagents to form useful compounds, such as alcohols, or alkyl halides. The mostly known reaction of the organoboranes is oxidation to form alcohols by hydrogen peroxide.
Hydroboration is typically anti-Markovnikov according to which the hydrogen adds to the most substituted carbon of the alkene bond. Hydroboration proceeds through a four-membered transition state where both B and H are added on the same face of the double bond. The plane through which they are added is generated less hindered face.
After the addition of Boron, we get OH after the oxidation of BH₂ with H₂O₂. PBr₃ is used for the conversion of OH into Br and then base NaOEt will give eliminating reaction so the final product is an alkene.
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