Explanation:
Plenary lecture paper
Combustion dynamics of large-scale wildfires
Author links open overlay panelLiuNaianXieXiaodong
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2020.11.006
Get rights and content
Under a Creative Commons licenseOpen access
Abstract
A fact often overlooked is that large-scale wildfires, although occurring infrequently, are responsible for the overwhelming majority of fire-related suppression costs, economic losses, and natural resources damages. Fortunately, the increasingly severe problems of large-scale wildfires worldwide have been receiving ever-growing academic attention. The high-intensity burning behaviors in wildfires stem from the significant interaction of combustion with heat transfer and atmospheric flow under complicated fuel, meteorology, and topography conditions. Therefore, mitigating measures against large-scale wildfire disasters have grown into a challenging research focus for combustion scientists. Research over the past century has resulted in incrementally enhanced insights into the mechanisms of combustion dynamics underlying the various erratic behaviors in large-scale wildfires, with theories and models of fire accelerations developed and validated. These advances are expected to improve the efficacy of large-scale wildfire predictions significantly. Nevertheless, the physical interpretation of the acceleration of large-scale wildfires is far from adequate and complete. This paper intends not to make a comprehensive review of the entire wildfire research field, but to depict an overall pattern of the essential factors that lead an initial small-scale spreading flame to a large-scale wildfire beyond control. It is outlined that the complicated transformation of fuel preheating mechanisms determines the growth of surface fire spread, while varied large-size flame fronts and unique spread modes induced in specific fire environments play an essential role in fire spread acceleration. Additionally, multiple fires burning and merging often act as crucial steps for accelerating surface fire spread, generating large-size flames, and triggering unique spread modes. These major potential factors strike the energy balance of a low-intensity wildfire and push it to a high-intensity state. Several issues regarding intensely burning behaviors in large-scale wildfires are selected for in-depth discussions, for which an overview of the progress and challenges in research is presented. It is concluded that the fundamental exploration targeted at developing application tools capable of dealing with large-scale wildfires remains at its early stages. Opportunities for innovation are abundant, yet systematic and long-term research programs are required.
Krypton has six stable isotopes. How many neutrons are in the most abundant isotope of krypton according to the mass spectrum in Figure P2.10? Write the AX form of the symbol of that isotope.
The number of neutrons in the most abundant isotope of krypton according to the mass spectrum is 48.
What are neutrons?The neutron is a subatomic particle with the sign n or n0, a neutral charge, and slightly more mass than a proton. Atoms' nuclei are made up of protons and neutrons. Except for basic hydrogen, every atom's nucleus contains a neutron, a subatomic particle. The name of the particle comes from the fact that it is electrically neutral and devoid of charge. The densest particles are neutrons.
A category of a subatomic particle having a positive charge is the proton. The strong nuclear force holds the protons together in the atom's nucleus. A subatomic particle with no charge is called a neutron (they are neutral)
You can find out how many protons, neutrons, and Z an isotope has in its nucleus by looking at its mass number A. Z is determined by the atomic number.
A = Z + number of atoms
krypton-84 So
A = 84
Number of neutrons
A - Z
= 48
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Based on what you know about matter, select the statement
which is true.
A. All matter has mass, but does not
always take up space.
B. Everything around us is made up of
atoms.
C. Only solid matter takes up space.
Atoms are too small to have mass.
B
Matter is anything that can be touched physically. Everything in the universe (except energy) is made of matter, and, so, everything in the universe is made of atoms. An atom itself is made up of three tiny kinds of particles called subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons.
consider the following reaction at equilibrium: 2no₂(g) ⇌ n₂o₄(g) the ∆h° for this reaction is < 0. if the volume of the container is decreased by ½ while the temperature is kept constant, in which direction will the equilibrium shift?
forward direction will the equilibrium shift .
2no₂(g) ⇌ n₂o₄(g)
∆h° for this reaction is < 0. if the volume of the container is decreased by ½ while the temperature is kept constant.
then,
k equivalent is inversely proportional to volume.
k eq ∝ 1/v in this reaction (from coefficient of reactants and products)
if the volume of the container is decreased by ½ .
then, k eq increase 2 times.
k equivalent is greater than 1
this shows that equillibrium shift will take place in forward direction.
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List 6 characteristics that separate compounds from mixtures:
Answer:
Listed below
Explanation:
COMPOUND
1. It is a pure substance.
2. It can not be separated by a physical method.
3. Element loses their properties in a compound.
4. Its composition is fixed throughout its mass.
5. It has a fixed melting point.
6.In nature they are homogeneous.
MIXTURE
1. It is an impure substance.
2. It can be separated by a physical method.
3. Substances forming mixture retain their properties.
4. It has no fixed composition.
5. It has no sharp melting point.
6. They can be homogeneous as well as heterogeneous in nature.
what is a good r f value in order to ensure that a compound will elute over a reasonable timeframe? around 0.5 close to 1 close to zero around 0.7 around 0.3
Around 0.3 is a good r f value in order to ensure that a compound will elute over a reasonable timeframe and is denoted as option E.
What is rf value?
This is referred to as retar-dation factor and it is commonly used in chromatography. It is the ratio of the solute's distance traveled to the solvent's distance traveled.
The rf value which shows that a compound will elute over a reasonable timeframe is 0.3 which is because if it is too low, the compound won't elute and if it is too high then it will run through the column too quickly.
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while starting a car, a lead acid battery converts 0.63 grams of pb (207.2 g/mol) at the anode into pbso4. if a current of 0.140 a is used to recharge the battery, how long will recharge take?
Based on the number of electrons required and the strength of the electric current, we can calculate that the time needed to recharge the battery will be 1 hour, 9 minutes, and 23 seconds.
First, we calculate the number of moles of lead oxidized to lead(II) sulfate.
n = m/M = 0.63 g / 207.2 g/mol = 0.00304 mol
Then, we calculate the number of electrons needed to reduce this amount of lead(II) back into the elemental lead (each lead(II) ion requires two electrons):
[tex]N = 2 electrons * 0.00304 mol * 6.02 *10^{23} mol^{-1} = 36.6 * 10^{20} electrons[/tex]
Now that we know the number of electrons required, we can divide that amount by the strength of the electric current used to calculate the time required to recharge the battery:
[tex]t = N / I = 36.6*10^{20} electrons / 0.140 A = 36.6*10^{20} electrons / 0.140 * (6.28*10^{18} electrons/s) = 4163 s[/tex]
Because 1 hour has 3600 seconds, and a minute has 60 s, the time required will be 1 hour, 9 minutes, and 23 seconds.
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Given the following equation, cu +2 agno3 -> cu(no3)2 + 2ag if 89.5 g of silver is produced, how many grams of cu reacted? conversion factors: 1 mole ag=107.87 g ag 1 mole cu= 2 mole ag 1 mole cu = 63.55g cu
If 89.5 grams of silver is produced, 105.45 grams of Cu reacted.
The Chemical equation is
Cu + 2AgNO₃ → Cu(NO₃)₂ + 2Ag
The equation is balanced,
89.5 grams of Silver is produced in the reaction.
It is asked that how much Cu will be produced.
The amount of Copper can be calculated by using mole concept,
From the reaction,
When 1 moles of Copper Reacts, 2 moles of Ag are formed.
So, we can say,
Mole of Cu (n) = 2 x Moles of Ag
Mole of a compound can be found by using the formula,
Moles = Given mass of compound/Molar mass of the compound
So,
n = 2 x 89.5/107.87 moles
n = 2 x 0.82 moles
n = 1.64 moles.
Moles of Copper are 1.64.
So, the mass of Cu reacted will be
1 mole Cu = 63.55 grams
1.64 moles Cu = 1.64 x 63.55 grams
1.64 moles of Cu = 105.45 grams.
To produce 89.5 grams of silver, 105.45 grams of Copper would have reacted.
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( GIVING BRAINLY!! )
Student Exploration: Determining Density via Water Displacement
Directions: Follow the instructions to go through the simulation. Respond to the questions and
prompts in the orange boxes.
Vocabulary: Archimedes' principle, density, displacement, mass, volume
Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)
A ship floats by an iceberg as shown.
1. Based on the picture, which object is denser, the
iceberg or the ship?
2. How do you know?
Answer:
Iceberg
The boat floated higher on water than the iceberg.
What can engineers do to lower impact forces?
O Increase the collision duration
O Decrease the velocity of an object
O Decrease the mass of an object
O All of the Above
Engineers do to lower impact forces by increasing the collision duration.
What is meant by collision?Any time two objects collide, a collision occurs. Conservation of momentum and conservation of energy are typically used to resolve collision-related problems.
Collisions can occur in two ways:
Momentum is conserved during inelastic collisions, while momentum and kinetic energy are both preserved during elastic collisions.Completely inelastic collisions, in which the impacted objects stick together, are the simplest to analyze. The conservation of momentum allows us to determine that the two objects have the same final velocity.In elastic collisions, no energy is wasted to other forms and is entirely retained as kinetic energy. It follows that momentum and kinetic energy are both preserved.
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a second order reaction has a rate constant of 0.0796 m-1s-1 at 1010 k and a rate constant of 0.0910 m-1s-1 at 1210 k. calculate the activation energy for the reaction in kj/mol. r
Using the Arrhenius equation we can calculate the activation energy based on two reaction rate constants and respective absolute temperatures.
The order of the reaction is irrelevant for this calculation. The reaction rate constant is connected to the activation energy through the Arrhenius equation:
[tex]ln(\frac{k_{2} }{k_{1} } ) = \frac{-Ea}{R} (\frac{1}{T_{2} }-\frac{1}{T_{1} } )\\[/tex]
Where k1 and k2 are the rate constants (0.0796 [tex]M^{-1} s^{-1}[/tex] and 0.0910 [tex]M^{-1} s^{-1}[/tex], respectively), T1 and T2 are absolute temperatures at which the reactions are performed (1010 K and 1210 K, respectively), Ea is the activation energy and R is the universal gas constant (8.314 J/Kmol). If we plug our known values into this equation, we get:
[tex]ln(\frac{0.0910}{0.0796} )=\frac{-Ea}{R} (\frac{1}{1210K}-\frac{1}{1010K})[/tex]
[tex]0.1338 = \frac{1.637*10^{-4} Ea}{8.314 J/Kmol}[/tex]
From this, we can calculate Ea:
[tex]Ea = \frac{0.1338 *8.314 J/Kmol}{1.637*10^{-4} K^{-1} } = 6795 J/mol[/tex]
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1. 547 grams of hydrated mgso4 is heated in a crucible. After heating, 0. 7554 grams of anhydrous mgso4 remains in the crucible. How many waters of hydration were attached to the mgso4?.
7 waters of hydration were attached to the MgSO4.
1. 547 grams of hydrated mgso4 is heated in a crucible.
molecular weight of mgso4= 120 g/mol
let, x number of water molecule present in this hydrated mgso4
then, molecular weight = 18x +120.
MgSO4.X(H2O)-------> MgSO4 +X( H2O)
IF , n mole of hydrated mgso4 taken in the reactant side then , n mole of
anhydrous MgSO4 produce according to reaction.
n= 1. 547 /18x +120;
which is equal to mole of anhydrous MgSO4 that is
n= 0. 7554 /120;
by equating both equations
we get ,
0. 7554 /120 = 1. 547 /18x +120;
x= 7 (nearly.)
hence, 7 waters of hydration were attached to the MgSO4.
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In a ______ reaction, an atom replaces or switches with another atom or part of a compound
Which object exerts the most friction?
Responses
piece of smooth glass
piece of smooth metal
piece of rough sandpaper
ice
Answer:
A piece of rough sandpaper
Explanation:
Since sandpaper is rough, it exerts more friction, whereas the other options are smooth so they exert less/no friction.
Gina made a poster for plastic recycling week and included this information on her poster:
A 2-column table with 3 rows. The first column labeled natural has entries cellulose, rubber tires, D N A. The second column labeled synthetic has entries plastic, starch, nylon.
What corrections should Gina make? Check all that apply.
Gina should put “cellulose” under “Synthetic.”
Gina should put “plastic” under “Natural.”
Gina should put “rubber tires” under “Synthetic.”
Gina should put “starch” under “Natural.”
Gina should put “DNA” under “Synthetic.”
Gina should put “nylon” under “Natural.”
The correct statement among the options is that
Gina should put “rubber tires” under “Synthetic.”
Gina should put “starch” under “Natural.”
What is a natural polymer?A polymer is a natural polymer if the polymer is only composed of the compounds that occur in nature. We know that there are several polymers that occur in nature and a lot of these naturally occurring polymers are also known to have biological origin and can even be found in the body of organisms as it were.
We know that a polymer is composed of small molecules that come together. These small molecules that come together are what we call the monomers that compose the polymer.
A polymer is synthetic if it is composed of the compounds that do no occur in nature. These are the polymers that are compose of the monomers that may be produced in the laboratory or are the products of other industrial process.
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Answer:
C & D
Explanation:
Gina should put “rubber tires” under “Synthetic.”
Gina should put “starch” under “Natural.”
Element 115 was first created in Russia in 2003, but the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry didn’t announce it as a new element until it was created again in Germany in 2013. Suggest why the IUPAC requires an independent confirmation of the discovery of an element.
Answer:
moscovium
Explanation:
The IUPAC requires an independent confirmation of the discovery of an element because with the help of IUPAC name we can easily determine the chemical name of the elements.
What is IUPAC name?IUPAC name is defined as a nomenclature based on designating the longest single-bond-connected chain of carbons in a molecule, whether it is a continuous chain or a ring. The official naming guidelines are used to give organic compounds a standardized name known as the IUPAC nomenclature. Contrarily, common names are older, unofficial names given to organic compounds; yet, they are occasionally employed.
The names' suffixes reflect and uphold historical and chemical consistency as well: "-ium" for elements 113 and 115, as well as for all newly discovered elements in groups 1 to 16, "-ine" for element 117, which belongs to group 17, and "-on" for element 118, which is a member of group 18. The half-life of the most stable isotope of Moscovium, Moscovium-289, is around 220 milliseconds.
Thus, the IUPAC requires an independent confirmation of the discovery of an element because with the help of IUPAC name we can easily determine the chemical name of the elements.
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1. 86 g h2 is allowed to react with 9. 70 g n2, producing 1. 24 g nh3. Part a what is the theoretical yield in grams for this reaction under the given conditions?.
1.86 g H₂ is allowed to react with 9.70 g N₂ producing 1.24 g NH₃. the theoretical yield in grams for this reaction under given conditions is 10.54 g.
The balanced chemical equation is given by :
N₂ + 3H₂ ------> 2NH₃
it is clear from the reaction that :
1 mole of N₂ react with 3 moles of H₂ to produced 2 mole of NH₃.
the molar mass of compounds are :
H₂ = 2 g/mol
N₂ = 28 g/mol
NH₃ = 17 g/mol
3moles of H₂ × 1 g/mol= 6 g
1 mole of N₂ × 28 g/mol= 28 g
2 moles of 2NH₃ × 17 g/mol = 34 g
now we have to find out the limiting reagent :
28 g of N₂ react with 6 g of H₂ , 9.70 N₂ will react with how much mass of H₂
mass of H₂ = (9.70 g of N₂ × 6 g of H₂) / 28 g of N₂
= 2.07 g
but 2.07 g H₂ is not available , only 1.86 g are available .so, H₂ is a limiting reagent.
The theoretical yield in the given case:
mass of NH₃ = (1.86 g of H₂ × 34 g of NH₃ ) / 6 g of H₂
= 10.54 g
Thus, 1.86 g H₂ is allowed to react with 9.70 g N₂ producing 1.24 g NH₃. the theoretical yield in grams for this reaction under given conditions is 10.54 g.
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how is the elements period related to the number of energy levels over which it’s electrons are spread
Answer: The highest-level numbers are 1 through 7, so the electrons in the atom respond to the row inside the periodic table so where the atoms are supposed to belong.
Explanation:
if you gently shake a separatory funnel containing a carboxylic acid with ethyl acetate and aq nahco3, the organic acid will be found where? (multiple answers possible)
The organic compound, carboxylic acid will be found in ethyl acetate.
What are organic compounds?Organic compounds are those compounds that are obtained naturally from living matter.
Organic compounds are mostly composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Organic compounds are generally covalent compounds. Hence, they are usually non-polar compounds.
Based on the principle of like dissolves like, organic compounds are usually soluble in non-polar organic solvents and insoluble in polar inorganic solvents like water.
Carboxylic acid is an organic compound.
Ethyl acetate is an organic compound.
Aqueous NaHCO₃ is an inorganic compound.
Hence, carboxylic acid will dissolve in Ethyl acetate.
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no(g) so3(g) ⇌ no2(g) so2(g) a reaction mixture initially contains 0.86 atm no and 0.86 atm so3. determine the equilibrium pressure of no2 if kp for the reaction at this temperature is 0.0118.
If Kp for the reaction at this temperature is 0.0118, then NO₂'s equilibrium pressure is 0.084 atm.
What is equilibrium pressure ?The equilibrium will move to the part of the reaction where there are less moles of gas as pressure builds up. The equilibrium will move toward the reactant side where there are more gas molecules when the pressure is decreased.
Briefing:NO(g) + SO₃(g) → NO₂(g) SO₂(g)
Initial: 0.86 0.86 0 0
Change: -x -x +x +x
Equilibrium: 0.86-x 0.86-x x x
Given the data provided, the expression for Kp is as follows:
Kp = [NO₂] [SO₂] / [NO] [SO₃]
Kp = x.x / (0.86-x)²
The answer's value for Kp is 0.0118.
We plug this value into the equation above
0.0118 = x² / (0.86-x)²
When the quadratic equation is solved, the value of x is found to be 0.084 atm.
As a result, NO₂ has an equilibrium pressure of 0.084 atm.
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A swimming team wants to select one of three fabrics for their new swimsuits. Each fabric is made of
a different material. The team decides to do the following experiment:
They cut the same size pieces from each fabric and wet each piece with the same amount of water.
They hang the pieces in the sunlight, and they check every two minutes to see if any of the pieces are
dry.
What can the team find out about the different fabrics from doing just this experiment?
A.If the type of fabric affects how long, it takes the pieces of fabric to dry
B.If the amount of water affects how long, it takes the pieces of fabric to dry
C.If the amount of water and the amount of light affect how long it takes the pieces of fabric
to dry.
D.If the type of fabric, the amount of water, and the amount of light affect how long it takes
the pieces of fabric to dry.
The team's discovery on the various fabrics from conducting just this experiment is that A. The length of time it takes for the fabric to dry may vary depending on the type of fabric.
What can the team find out about the fabrics from doing just this experiment?It was clear from the information that the swimming team wanted to choose one of three textiles for its new swimsuits. It should be emphasized that each fabric in this instance was manufactured from a unique material.
Each fabric was wetted with water in order to conduct the experiment, and identical-sized pieces were cut out to demonstrate this.
As a result, the experiment can demonstrate if the type of fabric impacts how long it takes for the fabric pieces to dry. As a result, given the information, option A is the best choice.
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in a 1.0 l container at high temperature, 0.20 mol n2 and 0.15 mol o2 are allowed to react. set up the expression for qc. each reaction participant must be represented by one title. do not combine like terms
The concentration of NO is obtained as 3.5 * 10^-3 M.
What is the value of NO?We can see from the question that the equation of the reaction has been give. We need to recall that the equilibrium constant shows us the extent to which the reactants have been converted into products.
The more the conversion of the reactants to products, the larger the magnitude of the equilibrium constant. We can now use the values as we have them to find [NO]
If Kc = 4.10 * 10^-4
4.10 * 10^-4 = [NO]^2/[[tex]N_{2}[/tex]] [[tex]O_{2}[/tex]]
[NO] = √4.10 * 10^-4 * 0.2 * 0.15
[NO] = 3.5 * 10^-3 M
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An experiment was designed to test the hypothesis that peanuts have more energy than a chip. The experiment determines calorimetry of the peanut and the chip, using water to capture the energy of the samples when they were burned. A 10 g sample of each type of food was burned underneath a metal can that held 50 g of water. A thermometer captured how much the temperature of the water increased. The water increased by 7 degrees for the peanut and 3 degrees for the chip. What conclusion can be drawn?
The chip has more energy than the peanut.
The peanut has more energy than the chip.
The experiment was flawed because more than one variable was being tested.
The peanut and the chip have the same amount of energy.
Since the water increased by 7 degrees for the peanut and 3 degrees for the chip, the conclusion would be that the peanut has more energy than the chip.
CalorimetryCalorimetry is the science of measuring the quantity of energy, usually in the form of heat, that is released during a reaction.
In this case, the energy released by the peanut and the chip were measured using calorimetry. The energy released was captured by the water and helps raise the temperature of the water.
The more energy released by the substances, the more the temperature of the water is raised.
Thus, since the peanut raised the temperature of the water by 7 degrees while the chip was only able to raise it by just 3 degrees, one can effectively conclude that the peanut has more energy than the chip.
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please help me i need it tomorrow
Answer:
Wave length
Explanation:
Is the distance between each wave of and wider it is apart the less energy the wavelength contains.
a scientist is testing if caffeine helps mice run games faster. 10 mice receive 10 mg and 10 get a fake dose, then try to solve the same maze and their time is measured while they do it. what are the following in this experiment
In the experiment in which a scientist is testing if caffeine helps mice run games faster;
the 10 mice are the subject of the experimentthe 10 mg caffeine dose is the independent variablethe 10 fake dose is the control variablethe speed of the mice is the dependent variableWhat is an experiment?
An experiment is a scientific test or study which is performed in order to prove or disprove a hypothesis.
Experiments can also be undertaken in order to further establish or improve upon already established.
Variables are those factors that are studied in an experiment.
In a scientific experiment, the following variables are present:
The independent variable - this is the variable that changes that occur in it produce a change in the variable under studyThe dependent variable - this is the variable that is under study that is affected by the independent variable.The control variable - this is the variable that is kept constant or unchanged.Learn more about experiments at: https://brainly.com/question/25303029
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Sally is swimming 6 meters every 2 seconds. this increase in speed took 10 seconds. what is the acceleration during this second part of the race?
The acceleration for the second part of the race is 0.3m/s².
How to calculate acceleration?Acceleration is the amount by which a speed or velocity increases. The acceleration can be calculated by dividing the speed of the object by the time taken as follows:
Acceleration = speed/time
According to this question, Sally is swimming 6 meters every 2 seconds, however, this increase in speed took 10 seconds.
The speed Sally is swimming is 3m/s i.e. 6/2. Hence, the acceleration can be calculated as follows:
Acceleration = 3m/s ÷ 10s
Acceleration = 0.3m/s²
Therefore, 0.3m/s² is the acceleration for the second part of the race.
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Mass and weight
Answer only!
Weight Doesn't change with location. (will NOT change if you take an object to Mars).
weight DOES change with location. (will change if you take an object to the Moon.
Mass Is a measure of amount of Matter in an object. Is a measure of the pull of Gravity on an object.
Weight Is measured with a scale,
Mass Is measured with a triple beam balance.
Mass Is used to calculate Density.
What is triple beam balance?The triple beam balance is an instrument used to measure mass very precisely. Such devices typically have a reading error of ±0.05 grams. Its name refers to its three beams, where the middle beam is the largest, the far beam of medium size, and the front beam the smallest.
The triple beam balance is a typical instrument used to measure the mass of various objects. It consists of three beams, each of which is provided with a single sliding weight that has a size corresponding to the gradations of the notched scale on each beam..
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but mainly the Moon because the Moon is..
1. closer
2. larger
3. denser
two high tides and two low tides make...time period
1. 12-hour
2. 16-hour
3. 24-hour
Moon creates...on two opposite sides
1. tidal bulges
2. moon phases
3. orbits
Moon and sun are oriented...which gravitationally pulls water
1. in a straight line
2. at a right angle measuring 90 degrees
3. at an acute angle measuring 23 angles
1. closer
2. 24-hour
3. tidal bulges
4. at a right angle
Explanation:
Not sure bout the last one but hope it helps
what is a differentiate solution, colloid, suspension?
Answer:
Between genuine solutions and suspensions, colloids solutions and suspensions represent a middle ground. The colloid solution's solvent-dispersed particles' diameters range from 10 to 2000 A. Milk and butter are examples
H. Determine which of the following electron configurations are not valid: State which
rule has been violated.
16)
17)
1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s²4d0 4p³
1s 2s 2p 3s³3d³
18) [Ra] 7s²5f
19) [Kr] 5s 4d05p³
20) (Xe
19) [Kr] 5s 4d05p³ is the electron configuration that is not valid and in which the configuration rule has been violated amongst all the options
What is Electronic Configuration?In both the cases of atomic physics and quantum chemistry, this term electron configuration talks about the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule in any atomic or molecular orbitals.
What is the formula for electron configuration?The formula for it is [tex]2n^2[/tex], where n is the shell number. The tables below list the shells, n values, and the total number of electrons that can fit.
What is the electron rule of 2 8 8?More than eight electrons can fit into the shell one inside the outermost shell in transition metals. Consider argon (Ar).
Its 18 electrons are arranged in a 2-8-8 pattern. Scandium (Sc) contains 21 electrons and is only 3 places away, however its configuration is 2-8-9-2.
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Find the negative and positive ions in 2g boric acid
The number of positive ions in 2g boric acid = 5.78 × 10²² ions
The negative ions in 2g boric acid = 5.78 × 10²² ions
Boric acid, greater specifically orthoboric acid, is a compound of boron, oxygen, and hydrogen with formulation B(OH)₃. It is able to additionally be referred to as hydrogen borate or boracic acid. it also includes encountered as colorless crystals or a white powder.
Boric acid = H₃BO₃
into ions = 3OH⁻ + 3B⁺
mass of boron = 11
H = 3×1 = 3
O = 3×16 = 48
The molar mass of boron = 11 + 3 + 48
= 62 g
A mole of boric acid = 2/62
= 0.032 mole
1-mole positive ions contains = 3 ions
1-mole negative ions contains = 3 ions
0.032-mole positive ions = 3 × 0.032 = 0.096
0.032-mole negative ions = 3 × 0.032 = 0.096
1 mole contains = 6.022 × 10²³
0.096 mole = 6.022 × 10²³ ×0.096 ions
= 5.78 × 10²² ions.
positive ions in 2g boric acid = 5.78 × 10²² ions
negative ions in 2g boric acid = 5.78 × 10²² ions
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