H bonded covalently to O, N or F is required for a substance to experience hydrogen bonding among its own molecules.
It is necessary that the molecules have an atom of H attached to a highly electronegative atom such as N, O, F and also the molecule had to have a solitary pair of electrons more specifically in a small highly electronegative atom such as N, O, F.
The hydrogen bond is responsible for many of the anomalous physical and chemical properties of compound of N, O, F.
Hydrogen bonds is found within intermolecular forces, which are type of attractive forces that exist between molecules of covalent substances.
Such bonds are weaker that an ionic bond or covalent bond but stronger than Vander Waals forces.
One atom of the pair (the donor) generally a Fluorine (F), Nitrogen (N) or Oxygen (O) atom is covalently bonded to a hydrogen atom ( -FH, -NH, -OH),
whose electrons it shares unequally, its high electron affinity causes the hydrogen to take on a slight positive charge.
So, In order for a substance to experience hydrogen bonding among its own molecules, H must be covalently bound to O, N, or F.
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Which period of the periodic table is comprised entirely of elements with no known stable isotopes?.
The period in periodic table, in which no stable isotopes exists is the 7th period. They contains the actinides.
Actinides are 7th period elements that belong in the periodic table's f block. Vertical columns named groups and horizontal rows called periods make up a periodic table. Based on their shared characteristics with other group members, each element is categorized into appropriate groupings.
The periodic table has four blocks: the s, p, d, and f blocks. Metals make up the s block, transition metals are found in the d block, and non-metals including gases and metalloids are found in the p block.
Metals of the f-block are actinides. The period's elements are all radioactive. They lack a stable isotope or ion as a result. By emitting charged particles, they continue to decay radioactively.
Therefore, the period containing the unstable isotopes is 7th one.
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Use the given reactions to answer question 4.
Zn + Cu(NO3)2 → Zn(NO3)2 + Cu
Zn + Pb(NO3)2 → Zn(NO3)2 + Pb
Zn + NaNO3 → No Reaction
Pb + Cu(NO3)2 → Pb(NO3)2 + Cu
Which of these ranks the metals from most reactive to least reactive?
Cu(NO3)2 + Zn + Cu Zn (NO3) From most reactive to least reactive, metals are represented as 2 + Cu.
A is the ideal answer.
What are the four metals that are most reactive?Explanation: Lithium, sodium, potassium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium are alkali metals (Fr). The metals become more reactive as you proceed down the column because the nucleus gains more electrons and protons (more electron levels), reducing the electrostatic force of the metals.
An example of a reactive metal?Reactive Metal: What Does That Mean? A class of metal elements known as reactive metals can react with acids, water, mineral acids, and potent oxidizing acids. This group can be recognized using the activity or reactivity series, which ranks the most reactive metals in order of increasing reactivity.
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determine the indentity of the daughter nuclide from the positron emission of o-15? question 2 options: a) n-14 b) f-16 c) c-15 d) n-15 e) c-11
The above sentence refers to n-15, the daughter nuclide of o-15's positron emission.
What kind of emissions are there?Examples of emissions include radio broadcasts, burps, and car exhaust. A discharge into the open is technically considered an emission. However, it most frequently refers to gases that are emitted into the atmosphere, such as greenhouse gases or emissions from companies and power plants.
Pollution and emissions – are they synonymous?Polluting emissions do not make up all emissions. As an illustration, during photosynthesis, plants release oxygen into the atmosphere. Pollutants are gases or particle that have been released into the air and have a detrimental effect on people or the environment.
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what is the concentration of a solution prepared by mixing 5.00 ml of deionized water with 3.00 ml of a 1.31 m solution?
6.10 is the concentration of a solution prepared by mixing 5.00 ml of deionized water with 3.00 ml of a 1.31 m solution.
When combining solutions, how do you determine concentration?Add the mass of the solute to the total volume of the solution. Write down C = m/V, where m is the mass of the solute and V is the total volume of the solution.
How can you figure out how much of a solution dissolves in water?The amount of solute dispersed in one liter of solution, or its molarity (M), is measured in moles. To determine a solution's molarity, divide the number of moles of solute by the volume of the solution, measured in liters. To be clear, the volume is expressed in liters of solution rather than liters of solvent.
Mass total = mass of solute + mass of solvent
m = 5+3 = 8.00ml
C = m/V
C = 8 / 1.31 = 6.10
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D
Question 1
Which of the following is NOT a tropism?
Ophototropism
Othigmotropism
Ogravitropism
Ohydrotropism
Onanotropism
Answer:
[A] Plant shoots are positively phototropic and negatively gravitropic. [B] Plant shoots are negatively phototropic and positively gravitropic. [C] Plant shoots are negatively hydrotropic and positively gravitropic. [D] Plant shoots do not display any major tropisms.
Answer:-Gravitropism. It is a type of tropism where plants show some growth in response to gravity. ...
Chemotropism. There are few chemical substances, which are actively responsible for bringing a curvature movement in plant organs. ...
Thigmotropism. ...
Hydrotropism. ...
Thermotropism. The below mentioned article will highlight the six types of tropic movements in plants.
The six types are: (1) Thigmotropism (Haptotropism) (2) Phototropism (3) Geotropism (4) Thermotropism (5) Chemotropism and (6) Hydrotropism. A tropism is a growth movement whose direction is determined by the direction from which the stimulus strikes the plant. There are two forms: Positive = the plant, or a part of it, grows in the direction from which the stimulus originates. and Negative = growth away from the stimulus. tropism is a biological phenomenon, indicating growth or turning movement of a biological organism, usually a plant, in response to an environmental stimulus. In tropisms, this response is dependent on the direction of the stimulus (as opposed to nastic movements which are non-directional responses).
66. 7 ml of ethanol was dissolved in 222. 2 ml of water. What is the volume % of the ethanol in the solution?.
The volume % of ethanol in the solution is 3.04%.
What is volume?
A three-dimensional space's volume can be calculated. It is frequently expressed numerically using units derived from SI (like the cubic metre and litre) or by different imperial us Or customary modules (such as the gallon, quart, cubic inch). Volume and length are related by the description of length (cubed). In contrast to how much space the container actually occupies, the volume of the a container is typically thought of as its carrying capacity, or the amount of fluid (liquid or gas) that it could hold. Volume was first measured in the past using naturally occurring containers of a similar shape, and later, standardised containers.
Volume % of ethanol = (7 ml ethanol / (7 ml ethanol + 222.2 ml water)) x 100
= (7/229.2) x 100
= 3.04% ethanol
Therefore, the volume % of ethanol in the solution is 3.04%.
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what is the ph of a solution prepared by mixing 25.00 ml of 0.10 m methylamine, ch3nh2, with25.00 ml of 0.10 m methylammonium chloride, ch3nh3cl? assume that the volume of thesolutions are additive and that kb
10.464 is the ph of a solution prepared by mixing 25.00 ml of 0.10 m methylamine, ch3nh2, with25.00 ml of 0.10 m methylammonium chloride, ch3nh3cl.
Is methylammonium chloride and methylamine a buffer?Methylamine and its conjugate acid, methylammonium chloride, are delivered to the buffer system. Since methylamine is a weak base, the pH of the buffer solution was requested. Thus, a buffer solution with 0.20 M methylamine and 0.15 M methylammonium chloride has a pH of 10.77.
Because H+ ions are produced during hydrolysis of CH3NH3+ ions in aqueous solution, the solution is acidic.
used in the production of rubber chemicals, medicines, pesticides, paint removers, and surfactants. A colourless to yellowish aqueous solution of a gas is how methylamine appears in aqueous solution. As the vapour concentration rises, the smell might be anything from fishy to ammonia-like.
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what six compounds would you propose making to explore these factors? can you think of anything else you would explore? draw the six compounds here. g
The six main compounds that we should explore are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleotides, fats, and water.
In chemistry, a compound is described as a substance that is made up of two or more different chemical elements combined in a fixed ratio. When the elements come together, they react with each other and form chemical bonds to form a chemical compound that are difficult to break.
Compound is mainly classified into two groups ionic and molecular. The compound which contains ionic bond between its constituent elements is known as ionic compound whereas the compound which contains covalent bond between its constituent elements is known as covalent compound.
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calculate the number of grams of aluminum required to prepare 299.0 g of chromium metal by the first reaction.
The mass of aluminum required to prepare 297.0g of chromium is 154.25 g.
The formation of chromium using aluminum powder is an exothermic process as heat is evolved in this process. In this type of reaction heat is released during the formation of product.
The balanced chemical reaction for the formation of chromium is given as,
Cr₂O₃(s) + 2Al(s) -> 2CrO(s) + Al₂O₃(s)
Thus, we can see that 2 moles of aluminum produces 2 moles of chromium.
Hence,
Molar mass of aluminum = 27g
∴ 2 moles of aluminum is required then mass of aluminum is 2 x 27 = 54g.
Molar mass of chromium = 54g
∴ 2 moles of chromium is obtained then mass of chromium is 2 x 54 = 104g.
Therefore, the amount of aluminum required,
mass of aluminum produced = 54 x 299/ 104
= 16146/104 = 155.25 g.
Therefore, the required amount of aluminum is 154.25 g.
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which scenario will most likely result in a change to the nitrogen cycle that negatively affects plant growth?
Soil acidification is a circumstance which will most likely lead to a change in the nutrient cycling that will have a detrimental impact on plant growth.
What is the main use of nitrogen?The chemical industry depends on nitrogen. It is used to create explosives, nylon, nitric acid, fertilizers, and colors. N must first be combined with hydrogen to create ammonia in order to create these products. The Haber process is used for this. Similar to chlorine gas and carbon monoxide poisoning, nitrous oxide poisoning is detrimental to all living things.
Why is nitrogen poisonous?Effects on health. The majority of greater nitrogen oxides are irritants to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system. Except at deadly quantities, where arginine may kill more quickly, no2 is a corrosive chemical that, when in contact with water, produces nitric and nitrous acids.
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Lab: Reaction Rate - Assignment: Lab Report
PLEASE HELP ME ALREADY OVER DUE
QUESTION IS WORTH 100 POINTS
Answer:
I can’t give a good answer
Explanation:
there’s nothing to answer
Balance the following redox reaction if it occurs in basic solution. What are the coefficients in front of br2 and oh- in the balanced reaction?.
The coefficients in front of br2 and oh- in the balanced reaction:
Br2 = 3, OH- = 6
There are indices that are part of the chemical formulas of the reactants and products. Also, there is a coefficient in front of the formula that indicates how many molecules of that substance are used or produced.
The number before the equation to balance the equation is called the factor which multiplies all the atoms in the equation. For example, the symbol 2NaHCO3 indicates two units of sodium bicarbonate containing 2 Na atoms 2 H atoms 2 C atoms, and 6 O atoms. Coefficients indicate how many numerators there are in a given expression.
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A property of matter that creates force between objects
Answer:
electric charge
Explanation:
Electric charge is a physical property of matter that imparts a force on charged matter when placed in an electromagnetic field. Charge can be positive or negative (typically carried by protons and electrons, respectively). Similar charges repel and dissimilar charges attract.
Answer:Electric Charge I hope this helpful
Explanation:
Electric Charge. Electrical property of matter that creates electric/magnetic forces and interactions.Electric charge is a physical property of particles or objects that causes them to attract or repel each other without touching. All electric charge is based on the protons and electrons in atoms. A proton has a positive electric charge, and an electron has a negative electric charge.
Calculate the wavelength (in nm) of the orange light emitted by a neon sign with a frequency of 4.92 × 1014 Hz.
The energy of orange light emitted, per photon is 3.25 × 10-¹⁹ J
Given data in the question;
Frequency; f = 4.92× 10¹⁴ Hz
Energy of the orange light emitted; E = ?
Photon energy is energy carried by a single photon, which is represented by the expression:
E = hf
Where:
E = photon energy,
h = Planck's constants ( 6.626×10-³⁴ JHz-¹ )
f = frequency
substitute our values into equation
E= (6.626 × 10-³⁴ J / Hz) * (4.92× 10¹⁴ Hz
= 3.25 × 10-¹⁹ J
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The wavelength (in nm) of the orange light emitted by a neon sign with a frequency of 4.92 × 1014 Hz is 609.2 nm
What are frequencies and wavelengths?
The wavelength, which will also apply to troughs, is the separation between two wave crests. The frequency is measured in cycles per second (Hz), which is the quantity of vibrations that cross a specific area in a second (Hertz).
Each photon of orange light emits 3.25 10-19 J of energy.
the information in the query;
F = 4.92 1014 Hz is the frequency.
Energy of the released orange light: E =?
A single photon carries energy, and this is referred to as photon energy.
E = hf
Where: h = Planck's constants (6.62610-34 ),
E = photon energy
Substituting our values into the equation f = frequency
E= (6.626 × 10-³⁴ J / Hz) * (4.92× 10¹⁴ Hz)
= 3.25 × 10-¹⁹ J
E = hc/λ
6.626 × 10-³⁴ JHz-1 * 3.00 × 108 m/s/3.25 × 10-¹⁹ J
λ = 609.2 nm
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Calcium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid:
CaCO3 + 2HCl →→ CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
Calculate the number of moles of
hydrochloric acid required to react exactly
with 5g of calcium carbonate.
Answer:
0.1 mole
Explanation:
According to the formula, 1 mol of CaCO3 will require 2 mol of HCl
Molar mass of CaCO3 = 40.08 + 12.01 + 3(16.00) = 100.09 g/mol
so the 5g of CaCO3 equals : 5g x (1 mol/100.09g) = 0.0499 or 0.05 mol
so the mole of HCl required is: 0.05 x 2 = 0.1 mol
There are problems with using information about CO₂ emissions by fossil fuels to draw
conclusions about the effect of carbon dioxide emissions on global sea levels.
Suggest what these problems are.
When fossil fuels are burned, they release large amounts of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, into the air.
What is Greenhouse gas ?
The gases that trap heat in the earth's atmosphere are referred to as greenhouse gases (GHGs). The earth's surface warms during the day when the light beams through the atmosphere.The earth's surface cools at night, redistributing heat into the atmosphere. However, part of the heat is captured by the atmosphere's greenhouse gases.Any gaseous substance in the atmosphere that has the ability to absorb infrared radiation and retain heat in the atmosphere is considered a greenhouse gas.The greenhouse effect, which ultimately results in global warming, is caused by greenhouse gases increasing the heat in the atmosphere.Almost all of the rise in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere over the past 150 years can be attributed to human activity.To learn more about Greenhouse gas refers to
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which statement about the temperatures of phase changes and electrostatic forces holding the molecules is correct?(1 point)
The temperature at which phase changes occur is highly dependent on the electrostatic forces between the molecules in the substance.
The forces that hold molecules together are called intermolecular forces. These intermolecular forces affect the temperature at which phase changes occur. The statement about phase changes and electrostatic forces that is correct is that; "the temperatures at which a substance changes phases indicate the relative strength of the forces between molecules in the substance."
There are three states of matter, solid liquid and gas. The order of intermolecular forces in all the states of matter are not the same. The order of strongest collective electrostatic forces to weakest collective electrostatic forces is; solid, liquid, gas.
When water boils, the forces between water molecules break, and the bonds between the atoms in water are unchanged.
When a sample of calcium carbonate is cooled, the forces strengthen, and the molecule structure becomes more rigid.
If the boiling point of acetone is lower than the boiling point of ethanol, then, the intermolecular forces in ethanol are stronger than the intermolecular forces in acetone.
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This answer is very late, so this is for whoever is taking the Electrical Bonding Particle Spacing Quick Check lol
The answer is The temperatures at which a substance changes phases indicate the relative strength of the forces between molecules in the substance.
The rest of the answers on the quick check are...
- solid, liquid, gas
- The forces between water molecules break, and the bonds between the atoms in water are unchanged.
- The forces strengthen, and the molecule structure becomes more rigid.
- The intermolecular forces in ethanol are stronger than the intermolecular forces in acetone.
Chlorine and hydrogen are combined and exposed to direct sunlight. Once exposed the chlorine and hydrogen explode and produce hydrogen chloride gas.
a. Rewrite the chemical reaction as a word equation
b. State the evidence that a chemical reaction has occurred
c. Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic? Explain your reasoning.
a. The chemical reaction can be rewritten as a word equation as follows:
Chlorine + Hydrogen -> Hydrogen Chloride + Explosion
b. Evidence that a chemical reaction has occurred includes the production of a new substance (hydrogen chloride gas), the release of energy (explosion), and a change in the physical properties of the reactants (change in color, odor, or temperature).
c. The reaction is likely exothermic, which means it releases energy. This is because the reaction produces a new substance (hydrogen chloride gas) and releases energy in the form of an explosion. In an endothermic reaction, the reactants would absorb energy from the surroundings.
. Calculate the frequency of a photon with an energy of 2.55 x 10-18 J
Answer:
The equation gives the frequency of a photon
f = E/h,
Where E is the photon's energy and h is Planck's constant (6.626 x 10-34 J s).
Substituting the values, we get:
f = 2.55 x 10-18 J / (6.626 x 10-34 J s)
= 3.85 x 1015 Hz
Explanation:
Pema want to do an activity with hydrochloric acid and lime water (bae). Mot acid and bae can damage human kin. Which tep mut he follow during the activity to enure afety?
When the hydrochloric acid react with the lime water then the product is formed by the reaction is calcium chloride.
The reaction of the hydrochloric acid with the reaction of the lime reaction is given as :
Ca(OH)₂ + HCl ----> CaCl₂ + H₂O
lime water hydrochloric calcium water
acid chloride
the safety taken during the reaction of acid and bases are :
wear the acid and bases resistant gloves , while handling the acid and base.wear the face shield, while working.wear the apron and the disposable gown, if you are working with the large amount the volume of acid and base.wash your hand properly.To learn more about hydrochloric acid here
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250 ml of nitrogen takes 30 sec and 300 ml of unknown gas takes 45 sec to diffuse through a porous membrane under similar condition. Determine the relative density of unknown gas.
250 ml of nitrogen diffuses through a porous membrane in 30 seconds while 300 ml of an unidentified gas does so in 45 seconds. For example, at the same temperature and pressure, methane diffuses in the same volume in 10 minutes while 240 ml of gas x diffuses through a porous membrane in 20 minutes.
What is porous membrane?
The gas's ethane partial pressure at the same total pressure. Compared to nitrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide are both gases. the amount of time needed to carburete an iron-carbon alloy to reach a 0.45 weight percent carbon concentration at a place 2 mm away from its initial condition in 30 seconds. 100 mL of hydrogen diffuses in 5 seconds, while 100 mL of the unidentified gas does so in 20 seconds.
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2. How many moles are in 7.30 X 10^23 molecules of NaCl?
Answer:
[tex] \huge{ \boxed{1.213 \: \text{moles}}}[/tex]
Explanation:
To find the number of moles in a substance given it's number of entities we use the formula
[tex] \bold{n = \frac{N}{L}} \\ [/tex]
where
n is the number of molesN is the number of entitiesL is the Avogadro's constant which is 6.02 × 10²³ entitiesFrom the question
N = 7.30 × 10²³ NaCl molecules
[tex]n = \frac{7.30 \times {10}^{23} }{6.02 \times {10}^{23} } = \frac{7.30}{6.02} \\ = 1.2126[/tex]
We have the final answer as
1.213 molesIf the heat capacity of an object is known, what other information will need to be known to calculate its specific heat capacity?
A. its volume
B. its temperature
C. its energy
D. its mass
Please answer
Answer:
B. its temperature
Explanation:
A baseball player throws a ball with a force of 10N. The ball travels 20 meters? How much work was done?
Answer:
200Joules
Explanation:
W=Fd W=10×20 W=200J
you have a flask to which you add 0.025 m nh3, 0.25m n2 what is the value of the equilibrium constant
The value of the Equilibrium Constant is 1 when 0.025 m NH3, 0.25m N2 is added to the flask.
The value of a chemical reaction's reaction quotient at chemical equilibrium, a state that a dynamic chemical system reaches when enough time has passed and at which its composition has no observable tendency to change further, is the equilibrium constant for that reaction. As a result, the composition of a system at equilibrium can be calculated from its initial composition using known equilibrium constant values. The equilibrium constant's value, however, may be impacted by parameters affecting the reaction, such as temperature, solvent, and ionic strength.
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How would u know what kind of solvent is needed to clean a grease stain
Answer:
Trichloroethane is a solvent used to remove grease from clothes.
How many atoms are present in a 24.56 g sample of sulfur?
The number of atoms equals 4.6 which are present in a 24.56 g sample of sulfur.
Equation:
The first step in calculating the number of atoms is to determine the number of moles. To get the number of moles in an element or compound, divide the supplied mass by the element or compound's molar mass. The number of atoms in 1 mole of a substance is 6.023 10 23.
The stated mass is 24.56 g M, and the molar mass of sulphur is 32.065 g/mole.
n = m / M
n = 24.56 / 32.065
n=0.76 moles.
The number of atoms in 1 mole of a substance is 6.023 10 23.
Number of atoms for 0.76 moles equals n * Na
number of atoms equals 0.76 moles * 6.023 10 23 atoms
number of atoms equals 4.6
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how many protons, neutrons, and electrons, respectively, by the following symbol? 4822x
The number of protons, electrons, and neutrons in the element, ⁴⁸₂₂X is:
Number of protons = 22
Number of electrons = 22
Number of neutrons = 26
What are protons, electrons, and neutrons?Protons are the positively charged particles found within the nucleus of an atom. The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom gives the atomic number of that element.
Electrons are the negatively-charged particles found within electron shells or a[orbits around an atom.
Neutrons are the neutral particles found within the nucleus of an atom. The number of neutrons together with the protons gives the atomic mass of the atom.
The given element, ⁴⁸₂₂X has the following number of protons, electrons, and neutrons:
Number of protons = 22
Number of electrons = 22
Number of neutrons = 48 - 22
Number of neutrons = 26
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deconstruct the given diels–alder adduct. draw the reactants, in any order, that would be needed to produce the diels–alder adduct.
Diels alder reaction is the reaction between diene and dienophile. Diene is electron rich and dienophile is elctron deficient species. In that diene involved 4 electron and dienophile involved 2 electron.
Diels-Alder reactions are usually catalyzed by Lewis acids. However, Diels-Alder reactions catalyzed by bases are unusual and only a few asymmetric, base-catalyzed reactions are known.
For example, the reaction of anthrone and N-methylmaleimide can be catalyzed by alkaloids However, only moderate ees were obtained.
These compounds can also be formed from the same type of cyclization process when the silyl group is attached to the 2 and/or 3 positions of a 1,3-diene.
The Diels–Alder reaction is a well-known and established reaction in organic chemistry consisting of a highly selective [4+2] cycloaddition of a diene to an alkene (dienophile) to yield cyclohexene derivatives.
This reaction provides an opportunity to surpass the limitations related to the coupling of chemically sensitive (bi ) molecules (as antibodies), especially in aqueous environments where both the rate and stereoselectivity of Diels–Alder reactions are significantly increased.
Here we do combination of reactant A and B ana get product back.
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Identify the Bronsted-Lowry acid (loses an H+ ion), base (gains an H+ ion) and the conjugate acid, and the conjugate base in each of the following.
a. HNO3 + H2O <---> H3O+ + NO3-
A B C.A. C.B.
b. NH3 + H2O <---> NH4+ + OH-
c. H2SO4 + OH-<---> HSO4- + H2O
d. C2H3O2– + H2O <---> OH- + HC2H3O2
e. H2PO4- OH-<---> HPO4-2 + H2O
f. H2PO4- + H3O+ <---> H3PO4 + H2O
g. HCO3– + H2O <---> H3O+ + CO3-2
h. HCO3– + H2O <---> H2CO3 + OH-
The Bronsted-Lowry acid, base and the conjugate acid-base in each of the following reactions are mentioned below serially:
Bronsted-Lowry acid Bronsted-Lowry base
HNO₃ H₂O
H₂O NH₃
H₂SO₄ OH⁻
H₂O C₂H₃O₂⁻
H₂PO₄⁻ OH⁻
H₃O⁺ H₂PO₄⁻
HCO₃⁻ H₂O
H₂O HCO₃⁻
Conjugate acid: Conjugate base:
H₃O⁺ NO₃⁻
NH₄⁺ OH⁻
H₂O HSO₄⁻
HC₂H₃O₂⁻ OH⁻
H₂O HPO₄²⁻
H₃PO₄ H₂O
H₃O⁺ CO₃²⁻
H₂CO₃ OH⁻
Define Bronsted-Lowry acid and base?Bronsted-Lowry acids are known to be substances those donate protons or H+ ions to other compounds to produce conjugate bases. Bronsted-Lowry bases are the substances that accept protons or H+ ions from other compounds to form conjugate acids.
For the given reactions:
a. HNO₃ + H₂O ⇔ H₃O⁺ + NO₃⁻
Bronsted-Lowry acid: HNO₃
Bronsted-Lowry base: H₂O
Conjugate acid: H₃O⁺
Conjugate base: NO₃⁻
b. NH₃ + H₂O ⇔ NH₄⁺ + OH⁻
Bronsted-Lowry acid: H₂O
Bronsted-Lowry base: NH₃
Conjugate acid: NH₄⁺
Conjugate base: OH⁻
c. H₂SO₄ + OH⁻ ⇔ HSO₄⁻ + H₂O
Bronsted-Lowry acid: H₂SO₄
Bronsted-Lowry base: OH⁻
Conjugate acid: H₂O
Conjugate base: HSO₄⁻
d. C₂H₃O₂⁻ + H₂O ⇔ OH⁻ + HC₂H₃O₂
Bronsted-Lowry acid: H₂O
Bronsted-Lowry base: C₂H₃O₂⁻
Conjugate acid: HC₂H₃O₂⁻
Conjugate base: OH⁻
e. H₂PO₄⁻ + OH⁻ ⇔ HPO₄²⁻ + H₂O
Bronsted-Lowry acid: H₂PO₄⁻
Bronsted-Lowry base: OH⁻
Conjugate acid: H₂O
Conjugate base: HPO₄²⁻
f. H₂PO₄⁻ + H₃O⁺ ⇔ H₃PO₄ + H₂O
Bronsted-Lowry acid: H₃O⁺
Bronsted-Lowry base: H₂PO₄⁻
Conjugate acid: H₃PO₄
Conjugate base: H₂O
g. HCO₃⁻ + H₂O ⇔ H₃O⁺ + CO₃²⁻
Bronsted-Lowry acid: HCO₃⁻
Bronsted-Lowry base: H₂O
Conjugate acid: H₃O⁺
Conjugate base: CO₃²⁻
h. HCO₃⁻ + H₂O ⇔ H₂CO₃ + OH⁻
Bronsted-Lowry acid: H₂O
Bronsted-Lowry base: HCO₃⁻
Conjugate acid: H₂CO₃
Conjugate base: OH⁻
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