Identify the sampling techniques​ used, and discuss potential sources of bias​ (if any). Explain.

Alfalfa is planted on a 49​-acre field. The field is divided into​ one-acre subplots. A sample is taken from each subplot to estimate the harvest.

1 What type of sampling is​ used?

2 What potential sources of bias are​ present, if​ any? Select all that apply.

Answers

Answer 1

1. Stratified sampling.

2. Potential biases: Selection bias, measurement bias, non-response bias, and spatial bias.

1. The sampling technique used in this scenario is stratified sampling. The field is divided into one-acre subplots, which serve as strata. A sample is taken from each subplot, ensuring representation from each stratum. This approach allows for capturing the variability within different sections of the field.

2. Potential sources of bias that may be present in this sampling technique include:

a) Selection Bias: If the process of selecting the subplots for sampling is not done randomly or systematically, it can introduce selection bias. For example, if the subplots are chosen based on convenience or personal preference, certain areas of the field might be overrepresented or underrepresented in the sample, leading to biased estimates of the harvest.

b) Measurement Bias: If the measurement method or tools used to estimate the harvest are inaccurate or imprecise, it can introduce measurement bias. This bias can affect the accuracy of the estimated harvest for each subplot and consequently impact the overall estimation for the entire field.

c) Non-response Bias: If some subplots are not included in the sample because they were inaccessible or the owners did not allow sampling, it can introduce non-response bias. This bias can occur if the excluded subplots have different characteristics or productivity compared to the sampled subplots, leading to biased estimates of the overall harvest.

d) Spatial Bias: If the subplots are not randomly distributed across the field, but instead grouped together based on some specific characteristics (e.g., soil fertility, slope), spatial bias may be present. This bias can occur if the chosen strata do not adequately represent the overall variability within the field, leading to biased estimates of the harvest.

To mitigate these potential biases, it is crucial to ensure a random and representative selection of subplots, use accurate measurement techniques, minimize non-response by addressing accessibility issues, and consider the spatial distribution of the subplots to capture the field's variability effectively.

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Related Questions

the difference between a low-cost provider strategy and a focused low-cost strategy is

Answers

The difference between a low-cost provider strategy and a focused low-cost strategy lies in their scope and target market. A low-cost provider strategy aims to achieve a cost advantage over competitors while targeting a broad market segment.

A low-cost provider strategy involves offering products or services at a lower cost compared to competitors while targeting a broad customer base. The focus is on achieving economies of scale, operational efficiencies, and cost reduction across the value chain to deliver products or services at competitive prices. This strategy aims to attract a large customer base through cost advantages and can be employed in various industries.

In contrast, a focused low-cost strategy narrows down the target market to a specific segment or niche. Instead of targeting a broad market, the company focuses on serving a particular group of customers with specialized needs or preferences. By understanding the unique requirements of this specific segment, the company can tailor its offerings and operations to provide lower costs, thereby gaining a competitive edge within that niche market. This strategy allows for a more concentrated effort and customization to cater to the specific demands of the chosen market segment.

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Help please the question is in the photo

Answers

First one (ignore22222323333333)

Answer this question
y is less than or equal to three more than the product of x and negative two thirds put it on standard form

Answers

I hope this helps you

Glenn needs to cut pieces of ribbon that are each 1 meter long to make ribbon key chains. If he has 6 pieces of ribbon that are each 1 dekameter long, how many 1−meter pieces of ribbon can he cut?

Answers

Answer: 60

Step-by-step explanation:

1=10. x6=60

The first pentagon is dilated to form the second pentagon.

Drag and drop the answer to correctly complete the statement.

Will Mark Brainlist =)

Answers

Answer:

2

Step-by-step explanation:

Answer:

2 is answer i promise

Step-by-step explanation:

what is the distance between -2 1/2, -5 3/4

Answers

Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

it's kinda confusing b/c of the minus signs.. huh...  but -5 is less than -2 sooo

start with

-2 1/2  - (-5 3/4 )

=5 3/4 - 2 1/2

=5 3/4 - 2 2/4

=23/4 - 10/4

=13/4

there you go...  :)

if you want it back in proper fractions

3 1/4

Someone please help me I’ll give out brainliest please dont answer if you don’t know

Answers

Answer:

-9p+3

plz mark me as brainliest

I just need this and that it

Answers

The answer is J hdjdghsksjdbgeshsh

HELP

Is x+7 a factor of p(x)

Answers

Answer:

No

Step-by-step explanation:

Because the remainder is not zero

Draw a graph which has the following adjacency matrix: [2 1 1 0] 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 (b) Label the vertices of your graph A,B,C,D (in any order). (c) How many different paths of length 10 are there from the vertex you labelled A to the vertex you labeled D in the graph you draw in part (a)? Show your working.

Answers

In the drawing a graph is there with labeling of vertices A,B,C,D with matrix [tex]\begin{bmatrix}2 &1 & 1&0\\1 & 0 & 0&1\\1&0&0&1\\0&1&1&0\end{bmatrix}[/tex].

Given that,

a. We have to draw a graph which has the following adjacency matrix

[tex]\begin{bmatrix}2 &1 & 1&0\\1 & 0 & 0&1\\1&0&0&1\\0&1&1&0\end{bmatrix}[/tex]

Taking the matrix rows and column as A,B,C,D.

Therefore, In the drawing the graph is with matrix.

(b) We have to label the vertices of your graph A,B,C,D.

The drawing can be seen with the label of vertices A,B,C,D.

(c) We have to find how many different paths of length are there from the vertex you labelled A to D

A →A →B →A→A→B→A→C→D

A→A→A→A→A→C→D

A→A→A→A→A→B→D

Therefore, In the drawing a graph is there with labeling of vertices A,B,C,D with matrix [tex]\begin{bmatrix}2 &1 & 1&0\\1 & 0 & 0&1\\1&0&0&1\\0&1&1&0\end{bmatrix}[/tex].

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give the slope of the line with equation 17x = -34; then graph the line

Answers

Answer:

Slope: Undefined

Step-by-step explanation:

Jimrgrant or Someone Answer this PLZ

Answers

Answer:

C and A

Step-by-step explanation:

For the triangle to be isosceles then the legs are congruent, that is

XZ = XY , substitute values

5x - 1 = 3x + 5 ( subtract 3x from both sides )

2x - 1 = 5 ( add 1 to both sides )

2x = 6 ( divide both sides by 2 )

x = 3 → C

(10)

The diagonals of a square bisect each other

Calculate PR using the distance formula

d = [tex]\sqrt{(x_{2}-x_{1})^2+(y_{2-y_{1})^2 }[/tex]

with (x₁, y₁ ) = P(0, 0) and (x₂, y₂ ) = R(6, - 8)

PR = [tex]\sqrt{(6-0)^2}+(-8-0)^2[/tex]

     = [tex]\sqrt{6^2+(-8)^2}[/tex]

     = [tex]\sqrt{36+64}[/tex]

     = [tex]\sqrt{100}[/tex]

     = 10

Then

PT = 0.5 × 10 = 5 → A

The checkbook balance of Hercher Company is $1,955.81. The bank statement shows a balance of $3,142.11. The statement shows interest earned of $31.55 and a service charge of $22.80. There is a deposit in transit of $3,991.88. In further analyzing the statement it was discovered that the bank collected a note for $3,100.000. Hercher Co. forgot to deduct a check for $850 during the month. There is a check outstanding for $2,919.43. What is the reconciled balance?

Answers

Answer:

Reconciled balance $3,142.11

Step-by-step explanation:

The computation of the reconciled balance is shown below:

Debit balance as per check book $1,955.81

Add: interest earned $31.55

Collection of note $3,100

Outstanding checks $2,919.43

Less: service charges -$22.80

Less: deposit in transit -$3,991.88

Less: forgot a check -$850

Reconciled balance $3,142.11

The same would be relevant and considered too

Michael wants to know if support for a local referendum on gay rights is related to political party affiliation. He conducts a survey of 200 local residents and asks them their political party affiliation and whether they intend to vote for or against the referendum. He learns that 16 people who say they are republican are for the referendum and 54 are against. Of those who say they are democrat, 72 people are for the referendum and 28 are against it. Some people identified as "other" and among that group, 3 were against the referendum and 27 were in favor of it. How would you represent the data in a table? Identify the null and alternative hypothesis. Conduct the appropriate analysis with a=.05. What should Michael conclude?

Answers

The answer is the test statistic (13.765) is greater than the critical value (5.991), we reject the null hypothesis. Therefore, we can conclude that there is a significant relationship between political party affiliation and support for the referendum on gay rights.

To represent the data in a table, we can create a contingency table:

                             For      Against

Republican            16        54

Democrat              72        28

Other                     27         3

Null hypothesis (H₀): There is no relationship between political party affiliation and support for the referendum on gay rights.

Alternative hypothesis (H₁): There is a relationship between political party affiliation and support for the referendum on gay rights.

To analyze the data, we can perform a chi-square test of independence. This test will determine if there is a significant association between political party affiliation and support for the referendum.

Applying the chi-square test at a significance level (α) of 0.05, we can calculate the test statistic and compare it to the critical value from the chi-square distribution with (rows - 1) × (columns - 1) degrees of freedom.

Let's calculate the expected frequencies for each cell assuming the null hypothesis is true:

                          For      Against    Total

Republican          27        43            70

Democrat            48        52           100

Other                   12        18             30

Total                    87       113            200

Now, we can calculate the chi-square statistic:

χ² = Σ[(O - E)² / E]

where O is the observed frequency and E is the expected frequency.

Performing the calculations, we find:

χ² ≈ 13.765

To determine the critical value, we need to find the degrees of freedom, which is equal to (rows - 1) × (columns - 1) = (3 - 1) × (2 - 1) = 2.

Using a chi-square distribution table or a statistical software, we find that the critical value for a significance level of 0.05 and 2 degrees of freedom is approximately 5.991.

Since the test statistic (13.765) is greater than the critical value (5.991), we reject the null hypothesis. Therefore, we can conclude that there is a significant relationship between political party affiliation and support for the referendum on gay rights.

In Michael's survey data, political party affiliation is related to the support for the referendum. Further analysis and interpretation of the results are needed to understand the nature and strength of this relationship.

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Find the exact value of tan A in simplest radical form

Answers

Answer:

12.68 de

Step-by-step explanation:


What is the area of the triangle in square yards?
6 yd.
15 3/4 yd.

Answers

Answer:

6x15 2/4 yd dividedby 2

Step-by-step explanation:

do the math and u get ur answer


The labor charges for mechanics is $54 an hour. The
standard deviation is $4 an hour. Find the minimum percentage of
data values that lie within the range of $48 to $60 an hour for the
mechanic's labo

Answers

The minimum percentage of data values that lie within the range of $48 to $60 an hour for the mechanic's labor is 86.64%.

To find the minimum percentage of data values that lie within the range of $48 to $60 an hour for the mechanic's labor.

We need to calculate the z-scores for both values and use a z-table to find area under the normal curve between those two scores.

First, we calculate the z-score for $48 an hour:

z = (48 - 54) / 4 = -1.5

Next, we calculate the z-score for $60 an hour:

z = (60 - 54) / 4 = 1.5

Using a standard normal distribution table, we can find that the area under the curve between -1.5 and 1.5 is approximately 0.8664 or 86.64%.

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Puzzle One
Determine the correct vocabulary word(s) in the questions below. To break the code of puzzle
one you will need to determine the third letter of the word in EACH space and then put those
letters in alphabetical order to break the code. For example, if the first blank was MODE the
letter you would use to help you break out would be D.
*Hint: Use the word bank to help you, some words may be used more than once and some may
not be used at all.
1) The
tells you how the data is spread out
of the data.
for
2) The might be a better representation of the data if there are
outliers that skew the data.
3) To find the
of
you add the numbers and
by the quantity
distance between
4) The Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) is the
each
point and the
MODE
MEDIAN
MEAN
RANGE
NUMBERS
QUARTILE
Word Bank:
MULTIPLY
AVERAGE
DIVIDE
SUBTRACT
INNER
DATA
FIFTY
TWENTY
PERCENT
Code:
Math in the Mid 2019
MI

Answers

Answer:

Ошйжй Щ отдйдй шубу Ц дцдць о о

Step-by-step explanation:

Suppose that y varies directly with x and y = 3 when x = 9. What is y when x = 18?

Answers

Answer:

y = 6

Step-by-step explanation:

Use the direct variation equation, y = kx

Plug in y = 3 and x = 9, and solve for k

y = kx

3 = k(9)

1/3 = k

So, the equation is y = 1/3x

Plug in 18 as x and solve for y

y = 1/3x

y = 1/3(18)

y = 6

So, when x = 18, y = 6

Jess is having a private party at the bowling alley. The party costs $99 plus %3 per person who attends.

Answers

Answer:

Total cost= 99 + 2.97x

Step-by-step explanation:

Giving the following information:

Fixed cost= $99

Variable cost= 3% per person

First, we need to calculate the 3% of 99:

Unitary variable cost= 99*0.03= $2.97

Now, we establish the total cost structure:

Total cost= 99 + 2.97x

x= number of people in attendance

Finally, suppose 200 people attend the party:

Total cost= 99 + 2.97*200

Total cost= $693

HELP PLEASE

Marcus works at the grocery store. He earns 8.75 per hour. Last week he worked 6.5 hours. How much did Marcus make last week?

Answers

20 dollars bev b h h b g v v v v.

Can someone help me with this. Will Mark brainliest.

Answers

Answer:

(1.5, -4)

Step-by-step explanation:

( -1, -5) and (4, -3)

[tex](\frac{-1+4}{2} ,\frac{-5-3}{2} )\\\\(\frac{3}{2} ,\frac{-8}{2} )\\\\(1.5,-4)[/tex]

A cylinder has been cut out of a solid. Find the volume of the remaining solid. Round answer to the nearest tenth.

Answers

Answer:

98.19

Step-by-step explanation:

Volume of whole cube minus volume of cylinder. volume of cylinder is pi x r^2 x h

The volume of remaining solid is 46.44 in³

What is Volume?

Volume is the measure of the capacity that an object holds.

For example, if a cup can hold 100 ml of water up to the brim, its volume is said to be 100 ml. Volume can also be defined as the amount of space occupied by a 3-dimensional object. The volume of a solid like a cube or a cuboid is measured by counting the number of unit cubes it contains. The best way to visualize volume is to think of it in terms of the space.

How To Calculate the Volume?

Here are the steps to calculate volume of any solid shape:

Identify all the given parameters that are useful and are required to substitute in the respective volume formula. Such as the radius to be 'r' and height to be 'h', the slant height, diameter, etc.Make sure all the parameters are of the same units.Substitute the values in the volume formula of the respective shapes.Write the units as cubic units.

edge= 6

Volume of cube= l³

= 6*6*6

=216 in³

Now, Volume of cylinder

=πr²h

= 3.14 * 3 * 3 * 6

=169.56 in³

Volume of remaining solid= 216- 169.56

=46.44 in³

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Using the standard Normal distribution tables, what is the area under the standard Normal curve corresponding to Z<0.75? a.0.7223 b.0.7734 Oc 0.9127 d.0.6915 QUESTION 26 Given the least squares regression line y-3 x-3, which of the following is true? a. The relationship between x and y is positive. b. The relationship between x and y is negative. c. As x decreases, y increases. d. None of the answer options is correct.

Answers

The least squares regression line y-3 x-3 is (a) "The relationship between x and y is positive."

To get the area under the standard Normal curve corresponding to Z < 0.75, we can use the standard Normal distribution tables. The tables provide the cumulative probability up to a given Z-score.

Looking up the value of 0.75 in the standard Normal distribution table, we find that the corresponding area is approximately 0.7734.

Therefore, the answer is (b) 0.7734.

Regarding the least squares regression line y = 3x - 3, we can make the following observations:

a. The relationship between x and y is positive: This is true because the coefficient of x (3) is positive, indicating a positive relationship between x and y.

b. The relationship between x and y is negative: This is false because the coefficient of x (3) is positive, indicating a positive relationship between x and y.

c. As x decreases, y increases: This is false because as x decreases, y will also decrease based on the equation y = 3x - 3.

d. None of the answer options is correct: This is false because option (a) "The relationship between x and y is positive" is correct.

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Factor the expression: 2x^2 +21x+49

Answers

Answer:

(2x+7)(x+7)

Step-by-step explanation:

The density of mercury is 13.5 times greater than the density of water. If you were to build a barometer that used water instead of mercury to record the standard pressure at sea level, what would be the height of that barometer? Assume that the mercury barometer is 76 centimeters, or 29.92 inches, long (this is the standard atmospheric pressure at sea level). View Available Hint(s) The density of mercury is 13.5 times greater than the density of water. If you were to build a barometer that used water instead of mercury to record the standard pressure at sea level, what would be the height of that barometer? Assume that the mercury barometer is 76 centimeters, or 29.92 inches, long (this is the standard atmospheric pressure at sea level). 110.29 centimeters (43.42 inches) 5.63 centimeters (2.21 inches) 89.5 centimeters (35.24 inches) 1026 centimeters (403.92 inches)

Answers

Answer:

h = 403.92in or 1026cm

Step-by-step explanation:

Given

Let x represent the density of mercury, and y the density of water.

[tex]y = 13.5x[/tex]

[tex]Mercury\ barometer =76cm[/tex] or [tex]Mercury\ barometer =29.92in[/tex]

Required

Determine the height of the barometer

At standard atmospheric pressure, the relationship between the mercury barometer and the height (h) of the barometer is:

[tex]h = 13.5 * Mercury\ barometer[/tex]

In centimeters, we have:

[tex]h = 13.5 * 76cm[/tex]

[tex]h = 1026cm[/tex]

In inches, we have:

[tex]h = 13.5 * 29.92in[/tex]

[tex]h = 403.92in[/tex]

Find m QRS? who can help me?​

Answers

Answer:

m<PRS+m<PRQ=m<QRS.

17 + 17 = 34

m<QRS=34

Can anyone solve these please, cos I'm nucklehead and my brain won't work


×-10=13

t+20=44

y
_ =7
5​

Answers

Answer:

Hello There!!

Step-by-step explanation:

1.×-10=13. 13+10=23

2.t+20=44. 44-20=24

3.y/5=7. 5×7=35

You do the inverse operations to find the unknown number.For example if it is minus you do plus. e.g x-7=19 . 19+7=26

hope this helps,have a great

Help ASAP 15 Points

The hot water heater in the Alvarez's home holds 70 gallons of water. Each shower taken uses 5.4 gallons
of water. How much water is left after 3 showers. (Hint: Write an equation relating the number of showers and
the number of gallons left in the tank)

Answers

Answer:

53.8 gallons

Step-by-step explanation:

5.4*3=16.2

5.4 (gallons used per shower) * 3 (number of showers) = 16.2 (gallons used in 3 showers)

70-16.2=53.8

70 (Water in tank) - 16.2 (gallons used in 3 showers) = 53.8 (gallons of water left)

Hope this helps! Please brainliest!!!

Answer:

A(3) = 53.8 gallons left after 3 showers

Step-by-step explanation:

A(x) = volume of water left in tank = 70 gallons - (5.4 gallons)x, where x is the number of showers already taken.  

After  3 showers, the volume of water left is A(3) = 70 gal - (5.4 gallons)(3), or

A(3) = 53.8 gallons left after 3 showers

In a particular region, 6% of the population is thought to have a certain disease. A standard diagnostic test has been found to correctly identify 91% of the people who have the disease. However, the test also incorrectly diagnoses 8% of those who do not have the disease as having the disease (in other words, the person does not have the disease but the test tells them that they do). A randomly selected person in the region is tested for the disease. (a) What is the probability the test comes back positive

Answers

Answer:

The positive predictive value ≈ 30.012%

Step-by-step explanation:

(a) The given percentage of the people in the region that have the disease, P(D) = 6% = 0.06

The percentage people correctly identified as having the disease by the standard diagnostic test = 91%

The percentage of people incorrectly identified as having the disease by the standard diagnostic test, P(T + |H) = 8%

Therefore, the sensitivity of the test, P(T + |D) = 0.91

The specificity of the test, P(T - |H) = 1 - 0.08 = 0.92

Therefore, the probability that a person is healthy, P(H) = 1 - 0.06 = 0.94

Therefore, in a population of 1,000 people, 60 people have the disease, with a sensitivity of 91%, the test will correctly pic 0.91×66 = 60.06 people correctly with the disease and 0.91 × 940 = 855.4 people without the disease

The number of non-diseased that test positive by the test is 0.08 × 1000 = 80 people which are false positives

Therefore, the number of diseased diagnosed as negative is 0.08 × 60 = 4.8

Therefore, we have;

[tex]\begin{array}{cccc}&Deseased&Non-diseased& Diseased + Non-diseased\\Test \ +ve&60.06&80& 140.06\\Test \ -ve&4.8&855.4&\end{array}[/tex]

The positive predictive value = Diseased +ve/(Diseased +ve + Non-diseased  +ve)

[tex]The \ positive \ predictive \ value = \dfrac{Diseased +ve}{Diseased +ve + Non-diseased +ve} \times 100[/tex]

Therefore;

The positive predictive value = 60.06/(60.06 + 140.06) × 100 ≈ 30.012%

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Start with creating your "Purpose Plan, and start by answering these questions below:Who do I want to be in five years?Where do I want to be in five years?What influence do I want to have on the world in five years?How can I become something different than I am today? National Family Opinion (NFO) contacts several hundred members of its consumer panel and provides them with a printed description of a new chewing gum and its package. Consumers are then given a survey containing several multiple-choice questions about their attitudes toward the new product, based on what they read in the description. The final survey question asks consumers to indicate the likelihood that they would purchase the product. NFO seems to be conducting a: a. Market test b. Concept test c. Prototype test d. Sensitivity test e. Attitude test A Vi = 10-3 m3 chamber of a gas bottle contains some argon gas (atomic weight = 0.040 kg/mole) at a pressure of 10^4 Pa and a temperature of 25 C.1)What is the number density of atoms in this chamber? N/V = 2.429909267E242)A valve to a new chamber in the bottle is opened, and the gas expands to 3 x 10-3 m3. (The gas does no work in this process because the gas molecules don't have anything moving to push on.) After a while, the parts of the gas re-equilibrate, without exchanging heat with the outside. What is the new temperature, T? T = 25 C3)In part 2, what is the new pressure, p? p = 3333 Pa4)The cylinder is now compressed back to the initial volume, slowly enough for it to stay in thermal equilibrium with the walls at the initial temperature 25 C. How much work is needed to do this? W = Chinese scholars relate that ancient Chinese communities suffered from low productivity and technology. These communities relied on the help of animals, and so they naturally revered animals and began to worship them. They created the twelve animal signs of the Chinese zodiac, called the sheng xiao. These animals are, in order, the rat, the ox, the tiger, the rabbit, the dragon, the snake, the horse, the ram, the monkey, the rooster, the dog, and the pig. The animals do not correspond to any astrological signs in the sky; however, they are used to divide and record time. The twelve selected animals had important parts in the lives of the ancient Chinese. The first category of animals included tamed and domesticated livestock, such as the ox, ram, horse, pig, dog, and rooster. To the ancient Chinese, these six animals symbolized a large family. They gave good luck and well-being. The second group included wild animals that the ancient Chinese respected and feared, such as the tiger, snake, rabbit, monkey, and rat. Of these animals, the tiger was most respected for its cunning and power. The snake was viewed as wise. The rabbit was likable, and the monkey was playful. The rat was considered to be the trickster. Finally, the dragon was in a category entirely by itself as a mythical beast. The ancient Chinese accounted the dragon as the wealthiest and wisest of all. Because of this, the dragon was the most revered of all other animals.Which of the following is the best summary of this article? A. Some Chinese scholars say ancient communities had low productivity. B. The Chinese calendar uses a cycle of twelve animal signs. C. The ancient Chinese had a close relationship with animals. D. Chinese animals can be classified in three categories