In a spectrophotometer, both absorbance and transmítanse indicate the amount of light passing through a sample. A high absorbance corresponds to a low transmittance.
What is absorbance?
It is a measure of a substance's ability to absorb light of a specific wavelength. It is equivalent to the reciprocal of the logarithm of the transmittance. The amount of light absorbed by a solution, also known as optical density.
What is Transmittance?
It is the proportion of light energy falling on a body to light energy transmitted through it. In other words, it is the proportion of light flowing through to light incident on the sample, whereas the reflectance is the proportion of light reflected to light incident.
In a spectrophotometer, both absorbance and transmittance indicate the amount of light passing through a sample. A high absorbance corresponds to a low transmittance.
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How many moles of NH3 is required to react with 32.2 grams of O2?
Answer:
0.67 moles of NH3 are required to react with 32.2 grams of O2.
Explanation:
To find the number of moles of NH3 required to react with 32.2 grams of O2, you will need to balance the chemical equation for the reaction and use the balanced equation to determine the mole ratio between the reactants.
The balanced equation for the reaction of NH3 with O2 is:
2 NH3 + 3 O2 -> 2 N2 + 6 H2O
From this equation, we can see that for every 2 moles of NH3 that react, 3 moles of O2 are also consumed. Therefore, the mole ratio between NH3 and O2 is 2:3.
Since we are given the mass of O2 in grams and we want to find the number of moles of NH3, we can use the molar mass of O2 to convert the mass to moles. The molar mass of O2 is 32.0 g/mol. Therefore, 32.2 grams of O2 is equivalent to 32.2 / 32.0 = 1.00625 moles of O2.
To find the number of moles of NH3 required, we can use the mole ratio to convert from moles of O2 to moles of NH3. Since the ratio is 2:3, we can multiply the number of moles of O2 by (2/3) to find the number of moles of NH3:
1.00625 moles O2 * (2 moles NH3 / 3 moles O2) = 0.67 moles NH3
This means that 0.67 moles of NH3 are required to react with 32.2 grams of O2.
Naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acid chains are ___ and the melting point will ___ as the number of pi-bonds in the fatty acid chain increase.
a) conjugated; increase
b) conjugated; decrease
c) isolated; increase
d) isolated; decrease
The correct option is d) isolated, decrease.
What are fatty acids?
Fatty acids are long chain aliphatic hydrocarbons having carboxylic acids as a functional group. Fatty acids are classified into saturated and unsaturated. And also, important part of biomolecules.
Naturally occurring fatty acids have even number of carbon atoms and unbranched. Most of the naturally occurring fatty acids are not conjugated so the melting point of fatty acids decreases as number of bonds increases.
The increase in number of double bonds will create kinks, this restricts the molecule to be closed packed hence melting point decreases.
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he proposed 4-step mechanism above involves rate determining formation of the highly reactive electrophile CI but is otherwise similar to the mechanism you have just written Choose all statements that are true. (Cl2][FeCl3]benzene), (Select all that apply.) A) A mechanism with so many steps (four) is intrinsically improbable B) This mechanism predicts the rate law, rate-k[Cl[FeCl3 which is not in agreement with that observed, rate C) CI should be very unstable; thus its formation should be fast, not slow and rate-determing D) This mechanism requires that all aromatics, both electron rich and electron poor react at the same rate.
The correct statements regarding the formation of electrophiles are:
B) This mechanism predicts the rate law, rate-k[Cl[FeCl3 which is not in agreement with that observed rate.
D) This mechanism requires that all aromatics, both electron-rich and electron-poor react at the same rate.
What is an Electrophile?An electrophile is a chemical entity that joins with nucleophiles by taking up a pair of electrons in chemistry. Electrophiles are Lewis acids because they receive electrons. The majority of electrophiles have an atom that has a partial positive charge, is positively charged, or lacks an octet of electrons.
Explanation:1st statement is wrong. Because a mechanism with 4 steps is possible.
2nd statement is correct. Because in the rate determining step only Cl2 and FeCl3 are involved.
3rd statement is wrong. Because if Cl+ is unstable. Then its formation must be rate-determining step. It will not be a fast step.
4th statement is correct. Because the attack of benzene on Cl+ is a fast step. Therefore electron-rich and electron-poor aromatic will react at the same rate.
The correct statements regarding the formation of electrophiles are:
B) This mechanism predicts the rate law, rate-k[Cl[FeCl3 which is not in agreement with that observed rate.
D) This mechanism requires that all aromatics, both electron-rich and electron-poor react at the same rate.
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dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (dcc) assists in the conversion of a carboxylic acid and an amine into an amide .
In order to prepare amide bonds, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) was first used as a coupling reagent by Sheehan and Hess in 1955.
Since then, DCC has been employed for peptide synthesis. An O-acylisourea active intermediate plays a role in the creation and propagation of an amide or peptide bond in this process. It would be difficult to overestimate the significance of the typical carboxylic acid reaction with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) and amines to produce amides in the synthesis of peptides, especially in the solid phase (Scheme 1). Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, sometimes known as DCC, is a dehydrating agent typically employed in the laboratory to manufacture proteins. It removes a water molecule from the amino acids involved in the creation of the peptide bond and forms a suitable leaving group.
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Write the balanced equation for the reaction of the acid anhydride N2O5 with water. Give the balanced reaction in molecular form (do not show any dissociated ions) for the formation of the acid when it is dissolved in water.
Do not include state (phase) information for the reactants or products.
Exclude any coefficients equal to 1.
Answer:
N2O5 + H2O => 2HNO3
Explanation:
N2O5 + H2O => 2HNO3
N = 2
O = 6
H = 2
I hope this helps.
Each of the following atoms will form a diatomic molecule. Determine if it will bond with a single, double, or triple bond.
Solid titanium dioxide is heated with chlorine gas in the presence of solid carbon as a reducing agent to form gaseous TICI, and
a diatomic gas.
Enter the balanced chemical equation for the metallurgical reaction. Include physical states.
Thee correct equation of the reaction is;[tex]TiO_{2} (s) + 2Cl_{2} (g) + 2C(s)------ > TiCl_{4} (g) + 2CO(g)[/tex]
What is a chemical reaction equation?We know that a chemical reaction is said to occur when there is a combination of one or more reactants and there is a new product that is formed in the process. We know that the formation of the new product would mean that there is the breaking of bonds in the reactants such that new bonds can be formed in the products.
We know that a chemical reaction is said to be balanced when the number of atoms of each of the elements on the reactants side is equal to the number of atoms on the products side.
Here we are told that solid titanium dioxide is heated with chlorine gas in the presence of solid carbon as a reducing agent to form gaseous titanium IV chloride.
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aluminum reacts with hcl to produce h2 gas and alcl3 . write the balanced chemical equation for this reaction. if x
substituted twice.In the arrow, the reactants are on the left and the products are on the right.
What happens when HCl and AlCl3 interact?The dissolution of the metal in hydrochloric acid results in the production of aluminum chloride and colorless hydrogen gas.Because the finished products do not interact, this reaction cannot be stopped.Hydrochloric acid reacts with metallic aluminum to produce an oxidation-reduction process.
What happens when Al and HCl are combined?Aluminum chloride (AlCl3) is the product of almost all reactions between hydrochloric acid and aluminum (or its derivatives).Water and organic solvents like nitrobenzene, dichloroethane, and acetone work well to dissolve the salt.
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How to do this question
1.81 is the pH of of CH3COOH with a concentration of 0.16 M
What is CH3COOH?CH3COOH is the chemical formula of the acetic acid . acetic acid is also known as ethanoic acid systematically.
Given:
Ka of acetic acid=1.8*[tex]10^{-5}[/tex]
CH3COOH with a concentration of 0.16 M
Solution:To find :
the pH of CH3COOH with a concentration of 0.16 M
For that we use the Ostwald's dilution law equation i.e.
[H +]= [tex]\sqrt{C*K}[/tex]
now after putting the values we get:
[H +]= [tex]\sqrt{0.16*1.8*10-5}[/tex] =7.2*10-6
now pH = −log[H+]
pH = −log[7.2*10-6]
pH = 1.81
hence, 1.81 is the pH of of CH3COOH with a concentration of 0.16 M
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The pH of CH3COOH at a concentration of 0.16 M is 1.81.
Describe CH3COOH.
The acetic acid chemical formula is CH3COOH. Systematically, acetic acid is also referred to as ethanoic acid.
Given:
Acetic acid's KA is 1.8*.
a 0.16 M concentration of CH3COOH
Solution: Locate
the pH of CH3COOH at 0.16 M concentration
For that, we employ the equation for Ostwald's dilution law, i.e.
[H +]= [tex]\sqrt{C Ka}[/tex]
now that we've entered the values, we get:
[H +]= =7.2*10-6
pH now equals log[H+]
pH = −log[7.2*10-6]
pH = 1.81
Consequently, CH3COOH has a pH of 1.81 at 0.16 M of concentration.
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A kite is an example of what
A kite is an example of a process because the kinetic energy makes up the energy of a kite in flight.
How does kite flying work?The upward deflection of the wind-moving air by the kite results in the lift. According to Newton's principles, the wind's altered momentum causes the kite to be pulled upward. This is comparable to the force a tennis ball applies to a wall as it bounces off the wall and alters its course.
Kinetic energy makes up the energy of a kite in flight.
The kite's center of pressure is the location where all of these forces—lift, drag, gravity, and wind thrust—converge. It should come as no surprise that knots your kite string there. Call this the tow point or the bridle point.
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The complete question is as follows:
A kite is an example of what?
(A) A system
(B) A process
(C)A pattern
(D)A change
Identify reagents that can be used to accomplish the following transformation:
The transformation above can be performed with some reagent or combination of the reagents listed below. Give the necessary reagents in the correct order, as a string of letters (without spaces or punctuation, such as "EBF"). If there is more than one correct solution, provide just one answer.
CH3MgBr is a reagents that can be used to accomplish the following transformation.
When primary alcohol is oxidised with a mild oxidising agent, it produces aldehyde, and when oxidised with a strong oxidising agent, it continues to oxidise.
carnosic acid Secondary alcolin does not undergo oxidation with oxidising agents gure ketone and textiary alcohol due to a lack of replaceble H bonded to carbon.
What is the name of ch3mgbr?
Methylmagnesium bromide.
When Grignard reagent CH3MgBr is treated with water we get?
Grignard reagent is not water stable and interacts with it. The interaction of methylmagnesium bromide (CH3MgBr) with water (H2O) produces methane (CH4) and MgBr (OH). This reaction efficiently hydrolyzes water to generate products.
Hence CH3MgBr is a correct answer.
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If 16.0 g of solid iron are reacted with 28.0 g of chlorine gas.
How much of the excess reactant is remaining once the reaction is complete?
The amount of the excess reactant that will remain if 16.0 g of solid iron reacts with 28.0 g of chlorine gas would be 1.68 grams.
Stoichiometric problemSolid iron reacts with chlorine gas to produce iron chloride according to the following balanced equation:
[tex]2Fe + 3Cl_2 --- > 2FeCl_3[/tex]
From the balanced equation, the mole ratio of iron to chlorine gas is 2:3. This means that every 1 mole of iron requires 1.5 moles of chlorine gas for a complete reaction.
recall that: mole = mass/molar mass
16.0 g of solid iron is equivalent to:
16/56 = 0.29 mol
28.0 g of chlorine gas would be equivalent to:
28/71 = 0.39 mol
With 0.29 mol of solid iron, the equivalent amount of chlorine gas that would be required according to the balanced equation would be:
0.29 x 3/2 = 0.41 mol
But only 0.39 mol of chlorine gas is available. So, chlorine is the limiting reactant.
The actual amount of solid iron that will react with 0.38 mol of chlorine would be:
2/3 x 0.39 = 0.26 mol
Excess solid iron = 0.29 - 0.26
= 0.03 mol
Mass of 0.03 mol iron = 0.03 x 56 = 1.68 grams
Thus, the amount of excess iron that will remain once the reaction is complete would be 1.68 grams.
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Calculate the pressure of nitrogen gas at 273k and Molar Volume of 22.414Lmol-¹ compare the result with that of an ideal gas at the same temperature and molar volume
Gas has a molecular volume of 22.4 litres at 273 K and 1 atm. The answer to the given question is 1 atm, 1 mol, and 273°C, or 546K.
STP is at 273K; why?STP is frequently used when calculating gas properties, like gas density. The standard pressure is 1 atm, and the standard temperature is 273 K (0° Celsius or 32° Fahrenheit). At atp equal at sea level, this is the freezing point of pure water.
How does the formula for Charles Law work?Charles' law is defined as follows, and this is how we might express the equation for Charles' law: The initial volume and temperature, V1 and T1, are equal to V2 and T2, respectively.
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the term 100% shut off means: the term 100% shut off means: gas burner and regulator is shut off gas to a pilot and the manifold is shut off. gas to the manifold and burner is shut off gas to the regulator and burner is shut off.
The term 100% shut off means: gas burner and regulator is shut off gas to a pilot and the manifold is shut off.
The 100% shutoff system is the system where where the failure in the flame device system take place and the in both the the pilot valve and the main gas valve are shut off . the complete shut off means that the pilot should shut off for any reason, the gas valve will not allow any gas to flow either that is to the main burner or to the pilot burner thus is means the 100% shutoff system
Thus, the 100% shutoff system means the failure in the flame proving device.
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Give the overall and net ionic equations for the titration of HCl with NaOH. If the titration was performed with BTB, what is observed at the endpoint?
HCl(aq) + NaOH (aq) ⇒ H2O (l) +NaCl (aq) [ titration ]
H+ + OH ⇒ H2O (l)
The definition of titration:A titration is a method for figuring out all the concentration of the solution by using a solution with known concentration. Until the reaction is finished, the titrant (the known solution) is typically added from the a buret to a known volume of the analyzer (the unknown solution).
How is titration performed?A burette, which is basically a long, graduated measurement rod with such a stopcock and a distribution tube at its bottom end, is used to gradually administer a standard solution of titrant reagent, or titrant, to a specified concentration.
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n an oxygen element, each oxygen atom contains six electrons in its valence shell. the atoms will be chemically stable inert likely to combine with other atoms neutral
To increase the stability of their outer electron shells, atoms create chemical bonds. The kind of chemical connection selected maximizes the stability of the constituent atoms.
A non-metallic element is oxygen. A group-16 element is oxygen. The total number of electrons in the final orbit is the valence electron. The term "valence electrons of oxygen" refers to all of the electrons in the last shell following oxygen's electron configuration.The valence electrons control an element's characteristics and take role in bond formation. According to the oxygen electron configuration, the final oxygen shell has a total of six electrons.Valency is the capacity of one element's atom to combine with another atom during the creation of a molecule (valence).
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If an object has a force of 13.5 newtons, how much would it weigh in pounds?
3
5
10
If an object has a force of 13.5 newtons, 3 lb would it weigh in pounds.
What is Newton's 2nd law of motion?According to Newton's Second Law of Motion, acceleration (gaining speed) occurs whenever a force acts on a mass (object). Riding a bicycle is a great example of this rule of motion in action. The mass is your bicycle. The force is generated by leg muscles pulling on your bicycle's pedals.
As we know from Newton's 2nd law of motion,
F = mg
here, F = 13.5 N
g = 9.8 m/sec
m = ?
Now, putting the values, F = mg
13.5 N = m × 9.8 m/sec
m = (13.5 N)÷(9.8 m/sec)
m = 1.378 kg
m = 3.04 lb [ As, 1 kg = 2.2046 lbs ]
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. Cause and Effect Robert is cooking red
cabbage in tap water and notices that the
water turns purple. When he adds the vinegar
required by the recipe, the water turns pink.
Explain what happened.
Answer:
rfjc I N E NUMBER ++78+47+97+38+06--+78+47+97+38-06--I N E
Answer: The water becomes more acidic
Explanation:
Since the average ph of water is 7 and vinegar is an acidic substance with a ph ranging from 2-3. When it is added to water which is also a neutral substance, the water becomes more acidic.
select the single best answer. choose the compound that undergoes e2 elimination at the faster rate. h55172a h55172b
The chemical that experiences E2 elimination just at quickest rate is represented by the best answer, h55172a.
What is necessary for E2 elimination?For an E2 reaction to proceed, several conditions must be met: In the introduction of a base, secondary or tertiary alkyl halides may continue with E2 (OH-, RO-, R2N-) In order for that a double bonds to form during the reaction, both leaving groups must be on the same axis.
What sort of E2 response will that be?Here are a few E2 responses as examples. Alkenes are created by the removal of alkyl halides. Alkenes are created by the removal of alcohols. Take note that acid, not base, is used in the E2 clearance of an alcohol.
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Normal saline solution (the kind you receive intravenously for medical purposes) is made by dissolving 9.0 g of sodium chloride in water and diluting it to 1000. mL. What is the sodium concentration in normal saline solution in mM?
The sodium concentration in normal saline solution in mM is 154.1 millimoles.
What is molarity?
Molarity (M) is calculated by dividing the volume of the solution (V) in liters by the number of moles of solute (n). Not moles of solute per liter of solvent, but rather moles of solute per liter of solution, is an important distinction to remember when defining molarity.
Molarity = no of moles /volume in liter
[tex]Number of moles = given weight /molecular weight[/tex]
1000 ml = 1 liter
Molarity = (9/58.4)/ 1
=0.1541M = 154.1 mM
Number of moles = 0.1541
= 154.1 millimoles
Therefore, the sodium concentration in normal saline solution in mM is 154.1 millimoles.
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Question 4(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
(05.05 MC)
What mass of H₂ is needed to react with 8.75 g of O₂ according to the following equation: O2(g) + 4H2(g) → 2H₂O(g)?
O0.547 g H₂
O 1.10 g H₂
04.38 g H₂
O 17.5 g H₂
Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, the correct answer is the second option: a mass of H₂ of 1.10 grams is required to react with 8.75 g of O₂.
Reaction stoichiometryIn first place, the balanced reaction is:
O₂ + 2 H₂ → H₂O
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
O₂: 1 moleH₂: 2 molesH₂O: 1 moleThe molar mass of the compounds is:
O₂: 32 g/moleH₂: 2 g/moleH₂O: 18 g/moleThen, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
O₂: 1 mole ×32 g/mole= 32 gramsH₂: 2 moles ×2 g/mole= 4 gramsH₂O: 1 mole ×18 g/mole= 18 gramsMass of H₂ requiredThe following rule of three can be applied: If by reaction stoichiometry 32 grams of O₂ react with 4 grams of H₂, 8.75 grams of O₂ react with how much mass of H₂?
mass of H₂= (8.75 grams of O₂×4 grams of H₂) ÷32 grams of O₂
mass of H₂= 1.10 grams
Finally, 1.10 grams of H₂ is required.
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According to Le Chatelier's Principle, adding reactants to a chemical reaction
A) proceed to the right, increasing the formation of reactants.
B) proceed to the right, increasing the formation of products.
Q) proceed to the left, decreasing the formation of reactants.
D) proceed to the left, decreasing the formation of products.
CyclohexagonaL, C6H11OH, is an organic chemical used in the production of nylo cyciohexagonal? Give your answer in scientific notation.
41) )
A) 5.09 × 10²⁵
Answer:
proceed to the right, increasing the formation of product
A given sample of n2 gas has a pressure of 0. 30 atm at 30. 0 °c. If the volume is 2. 0 l, how many moles of n2 are present?.
There would be 0.0781 mol of N2 at 0.3 atm pressure and 30 °C.
How can Avogadro's number be used to find moles?By multiplying or dividing, one can utilize Avogadro's number to convert between molecules and moles: To convert from moles to molecules, multiply the number of moles by 6.02 x 1023. To convert the amount of molecules to moles, multiply it by 6.02 x 1023.
How do you count moles?The molar volume of a gas is 22.414 L/mol at STP, which is defined as 0°C (273.15 K, 32°F) and 1 atm.
Calculate the moles of nitrogen in 1.75 L at STP using dimensional analysis.
1.75 L N2 divided by 1 mole per 22.414 L equals 0.0781 mol N2 to three 2 digits.
What is a mole's value?6.02214076 x 1023 of any chemical unit, such as atoms, molecules, ions, and others, constitute a mole. The mole is a useful measure to employ because any substance is made up of a lot of atoms, molecules, or other parts.
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Which of the following molecules are polar? A. NH3 B. SF4 C. XeF4 D. CCl4
E. CO2
A. NH3 & B. SF4 are the two best options. They have polar bonds, which makes them polar molecules.
Describe polar bonds.A polar covalent link is a type of covalent bond where the atoms are attracted to electrons in uneven amounts, resulting in unequal sharing. When two molecules form a polar covalent link, also known as a polar molecule, the electron distribution surrounding a molecule is no more symmetrical.
How can I tell whether a connection is polar?Despite the lack of hard and fast standards, the general rule is that a bond is termed nonpolar if the gap in electronegativities is smaller than or equal to 0.4, and polar if indeed the difference is greater.
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What is the osmotic pressure of a 0.431 M solution of sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄) in water at a temperature of 40.0 °C? Assume the sodium phosphate completely dissociates in water. R = 0.08206 L･atm/K･mol
The osmotic pressure of a 0.431 M solution of sodium phosphate in water is equal to 44.25 atm.
What is osmotic pressure?The osmotic pressure of a solution can be defined as the minimum pressure that needs to be applied to a solution to prevent the flow of the solvent across a semipermeable membrane. The determination of the tendency of a solution to take in a solvent by osmosis is called osmotic pressure.
To determine the osmotic pressure of the solution the concentration of the compound can be determined.
π = i × CRT
Given the concentration of the solution, C = 0.431 M
The temperature, T = 40.0 °C = 40 + 273 = 313 K
The value of the gas constant, R = 0.08206 L･atm/K･mol
The number of ions on the dissociation of sodium phosphate, i = 4
The osmotic pressure of the solution of sodium phosphate is:
π = 4× 0.431 × 0.082 ×313
π = 44.25 atm
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The prevailing atmospheric pressure on a plateau in Colorado is 0.732 atm. Express this pressure in pounds per square inch, kilopascals, pascals, millimeters Hg, and inches Hg.
Hint: 1 atm = 101.3 kPa = 1.013×105 Pa = 760 mm Hg = 14.69 psi = 29.92 in Hg
The given atmospheric pressure in different units is equal to:
0.732 atm = 10.75 psi
0.732 atm = 74.2 kPa
0.732 atm = 7.41 ×10⁴ Pa
0.732 atm = 556.32 mmHg
0.732 atm = 21.9 Hg
What is atmospheric pressure?Atmospheric pressure can be defined as the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth. The standard atmosphere is expressed as a symbol atm and is equal to a unit of pressure 101,325 Pa.
The atm unit can be described as equivalent to the sea-level atmospheric pressure on Earth and is equal to 1 atm.
Given, the 1 atm is equal to = 14.69 psi
Then 0.732 atm will be equal to = 14.69 × 0.732 = 10.75 psi
the 1 atm is equal to = 101.3 kPa
Then 0.732 atm will be equal to = 101.3 kPa × 0.732 = 74.2 kPa
the 1 atm is equal to = 1.013×10⁵ Pa
Then 0.732 atm will be equal to =1.013×10⁵ Pa× 0.732 = 7.41 ×10⁴ Pa
1 atm is equal to = 760 mmHg
Then 0.732 atm will be equal to = 760 × 0.732 = 556.32 mmHg
1 atm is equal to = 29.92 Hg
Then 0.732 atm will be equal to = 29.92 × 0.732 = 21.9 Hg
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The orbitals within a set of hybrid orbitals will have: Select the correct answer below: O equivalent shape but differing energy O equivalent energy but differing shape O equivalent shape and energy O depends on the type of hybrid orbitals
The orbitals within a set of hybrid orbitals will have equivalent shape and energy. Thus, the option (c) is correct.
Atomic orbitals that are formed by the combination of the valence orbitals on an atom is known as hybrid atomic orbital. The hybrid orbitals that are formed have different energies and shapes compared to the atomic orbitals that combine to form the hybrid orbitals. Hybrid orbitals helps us in explaining the shapes of the molecules and other bonding properties.
The number of hybrid orbitals in a set is equal to the number of atomic orbitals that were combined to produce the set. All orbitals in a set of hybrid orbitals are equivalent in shape and energy.
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for each alcohol reaction, give the major organic product. a. reaction a starts with a 4 carbon chain where carbon 2 has a hydroxy substituent, and carbon 3 has two methyl substituents. this reacts with h b r in heat to generate the product.
An organic reaction is classified into four types of addition, substitution, elimination and rearrangement.
The mechanism occurs through removing of leaving group.
The major product is in attached file below.
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Many metabolites are maintained at steady-state concentrations that are far from equilibrium. A comparison of K' and Q, the mass-action ratio, can determine whether a metabolic reaction is far from equilibrium.
The equation for this equilibrium is,
fructose 6-phosphate + ATP ⇄ fructose 1,6-bisphosphate + ADP
Calculate K' for this reaction at T=25.0°C
Δ G'=-14.2 kJ/mol
K'=
Calculate the mass-action ratio, Q, from the approximate physiological concentrations for rat heart tissue shown in the table.
Q=
The reaction quotient (Q) is 0.032 while the equilibrium constant (K'eq) is 3.1 * 10^2 .
What is the equilibrium constant?We know that the equilibrium constant has to do with a value that shows the extent to which the reactants have been converted into products. If the equilibrium constant is high, then a lot of the reactants would be seen to be converted into products.
In this case we are first required to obtain the reaction quotient Q and this can be done by the use of the formula;
Q = [fructose 1,6-bisphosphate] [ADP]/[fructose 6-phosphate] [ ATP]
Q = [25] [1340]/[84] [12500]
Q = 33500/ 1050000
Q = 0.032
ΔG = -RTlnQ
ΔG = change in free energy
R = gas constant
T = temperature
Q = reaction quotient
We also know that;
ΔG' = -RTlnK'eq
-14.2 * 10^3 = -(8.314 * 298)lnK'eq
lnK'eq = -14.2 * 10^3/-(8.314 * 298)
lnK'eq = 5.73
K'eq = e^5.73
K'eq = 3.1 * 10^2
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15. Which sample of argon gas has the same number of atoms as a 100.-milliliter sample of helium gas at 1.0 atm and 300. K? A) 50. mL at 1.0 atm and 300. K (B) 50. mL at 0.5 atm and 300. K C) 100. mL at 0.5 atm and 300. K D) 100. mL at 1.0 atm and 300. K
The sample of argon gas that has the same number of atoms as a 100 milliliter sample of helium gas at 1.0 atm and 300 is 100. mL at 1.0 atm and 300. K
The correct option is D.
What is the number of moles of gases in the given samples?The number of moles of gases in each of the given samples of gas is found below using the ideal gas equation.
The ideal gas equation is: PV/RT = n
where;
P is pressureV is volumen is number of moles of gasT is temperature of gasR is molar gas constant = 0.082 atm.L/mol/KMoles of gas in the given helium gas sample:
P = 1.0 atm, V = 100 mL or 0.1 L, T = 300 K
n = 1 * 0.1 / 0.082 * 300
n = 0.00406 moles
For the argon gas sample:
A. n = 1 * 0.05 / 0.082 * 300
n = 0.00203 moles
B. n = 0.5 * 0.05 / 0.082 * 300
n = 0.00102 moles
C. n = 0.5 * 0.1 / 0.082 * 300
n = 0.00203 moles
D. n = 1 * 0.1 / 0.082 * 300
n = 0.00406 moles
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