the potential for antibiotic resistance was recognized in the early 1940s, almost immediately after the first large-scale clinical use of penicillin, the first antibiotic. mass production of penicillin was part of the war effort of world war ii, when the drug was used widely by military populations to treat the wounded. however, even before the war had ended, resistance to penicillin was already being reported. in 1940, british biochemists sir ernst boris chain and sir edward penley abraham published a report about a bacterial enzyme capable of destroying penicillin. in the following decades, overuse and repeated exposure to antibiotic agents favored the selection and replication of numerous strains of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. select all of the statements that accurately portray the role of natural selection in antibiotic resistance. a) when bacteria are repeatedly exposed to antibiotics, they learn how to avoid the antibiotic and survive to reproduce. b) when people overuse antibiotics, the bacteria get resistant to the antibiotic and it is no longer an effective treatment. some bacteria possess a gene for bacterial resistance. these bacteria are likely to survive a course or antibiotics and reproduce. 09 d) bacteria containing the gene for antibiotic resistance can share a plasmid of the gene with other bacteria, allowing the population of bacteria with antibiotic resistance to survive and reproduce. when someone quits taking an antibiotic when they are feeling better, they likely kill only the weaker bacteria. the bacteria with a gene for antibiotic resistance survive, giving them the opportunity to reproduce. e
Answer: c,d,e
Explanation:
I did this and this is correct
Answer:
The following Statements accurately portrays role of natural selection in antibiotic resistance
c) some bacteria possess a gene for bacterial resistance. these bacteria are likely to survive a course or antibiotics and reproduce.
d) bacteria containing the gene for antibiotic resistance can share a plasmid of the gene with other bacteria, allowing the population of bacteria with antibiotic resistance to survive and reproduce
e) when someone quits taking an antibiotic when they are feeling better, they likely kill only the weaker bacteria. the bacteria with a gene for antibiotic resistance survive, giving them the opportunity to reproduce
Explanation:
When bacteria are initially exposed to an antibiotic, those most susceptible to the antibiotic will die quickly, leaving any surviving bacteria to pass on their resistant features to succeeding generations.
As in option C , bacteria possessing better gene will b selected by the nature and hence portrays Natural selection
In option d Bacteria reproduce by plasmid (extra chromosomal DNA ) transfer . Bacteria with antibiotic resistant gene with pass these genes to the succeeding generations.
When bacteria are initially exposed to an antibiotic, those most susceptible to the antibiotic will die quickly, leaving bacteria possessing gene resistant against antibiotics. Here, Darwin’s theory of natural selection comes in. This gives the bacteria an advantage over other(which do not possess antibiotic resistant gene) this bacteria will grow better than its neighbors and can increase in numbers
In option e When one quits antibiotics before completing the entire course of any prescribed antibiotic. The antibiotic resistant bacteria survives. Bacteria that are not controlled or killed by antibiotics. They are able to survive and even multiply in the presence of an antibiotic.
Learn more about Natural Selection in Antibiotics
https://brainly.com/question/23445324
#SPJ2
How do drugs affect you socially
Explanation:
Drugs affect you socially because some of your friends may not want to be around you anymore. Also drugs affect your mindset and the way you think, you may end up saying things to people around you that you didn't really want to say which will make people wanna distance from
you
A student places water in a freezer. Several hours later, the student observes that the water has frozen.
Which statement BEST describes the arrangement and motion of particles in the ice?
The particles have high energy and move about freely.
The particles have low energy and vibrate in a fixed position.
The particles have high energy, are charged and move about freely.
The particles have low energy and are able to move past each other.
Answer:
the particles have low energy and are able to mive and past each other
The particle in the ice will have low energy and vibrate in a fixed position. The correct option is B.
What is freezing?The process by which something changes from liquid to solid as the temperature drops is known as freezing. Water basically freezes at 0 degrees Celsius.
The process of changing a substance from a liquid to a solid is known as freezing. When a liquid's molecules slow down enough, their attractions cause them to arrange themselves into fixed positions as a solid.
The average energy of the molecules in a liquid decreases as it cools. At some point, the amount of heat removed is great enough that the molecules' attractive forces draw them close together, and the liquid freezes to a solid.
The particles in a liquid eventually stop moving and settle into a stable arrangement, forming a solid.
Thus, the correct option is B.
For more details regarding freezing, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/3121416
#SPJ2
Which of the following likely has the largest particle size?
A.
parent material
B.
subsoil
C.
topsoil
D.
humus
Answer: A.
Explanation:
Parent material
A new human species was found on a distant planet, whose genetic inheritance and process of reproduction is identical to that of humans on earth, however, their phenotypes are much different. You are tracking two phenotypes in this new species: eye shape and tail size. The single gene that controls eye shape (gene E) is unlinked from the single gene that controls tail size (gene T). Square eyes is the dominant eye shape and round eyes is the recessive eye shape. Long tail is the dominant tail size and short tail is the recessive tail size.
1. An individual of this new species is heterozygous for gene E and heterozygous for gene T. What is their genotype and phenotype? (Note, the ‘ / ‘ symbolizes the genotype of the two different homologs for a given chromosome, for example chromosome 5 homolog / chromosome 5 homolog, and ' ; ' separates different chromosomes for example 'chromosome 5 ; chromosome 8)
a. E/E ; T/T – square eyes and long tail
b. e/e ; t/t – round eyes and short tail
c. E/e ; T/t – round eyes and short tail
d. E/e ; T/t – square eyes and long tail
e. e/e ; T/T – round eyes and long tail
f. E/T ; E/T– square eyes and long tail
2. Two individuals, who are both heterozygous for eye shape and tail size, mate. Which of the following is a correct statement about the phenotype ratios expected for their offspring?
a. 9/16 will have square eyes and short tails
b. 9/16 will have round eyes and short tails
c. 3/16 will have round eyes and long tails
d. 3/16 will have round eyes and short tails
e. 1/16 will have square eyes and long tails
3. From the mating described in question ABOVE, what proportion of ALL of the offspring in will be heterozygous for both traits?
a. 1/4
b. 1/16
c. 1/8
d. 1/9
e. 3/16
f. 9/16
Answer:
E/e ; T/t ⇒ Square eyes and long tail (Option D)3/16 will have round eyes and long tails (Option C)1/4 of the progeny will be heterozygous for both traits (Option A)Explanation:
Available data:
Two diallelic unlinked genes Gene E controls eye shape: Dominant allele E expresses square eyes, and recessive allele e expresses round eyes.Gene T controls the tail size. Dominant allele T expresses long trail, and recessive allele t expresses short tail.Genotypes Phenotypes
EETT, EeTT, EETt, EeTt Square eyes and Long tail
eeTT, eeTt Round eyes and Long tail
EEtt, Eett Square eyes and Short tail
eett Rounf eyes and short tail.
1. An individual of this new species is heterozygous for gene E and heterozygous for gene T. What is their genotype and phenotype?
The heterozygous individual is E/e ; T/t, expressing square eyes and a long tail.
2. Two individuals, who are both heterozygous for eye shape and tail size, mate. Which of the following is a correct statement about the phenotype ratios expected for their offspring?
Cross: between two heterozygous individuals
Parentals) EeTt x EeTt
Gametes) ET, Et, eT, et
ET, Et, eT, et
Punnett square) . ET Et eT et
ET EETT EETt EeTT EeTt
Et EETt EEtt EeTt Eett
eT EeTT EeTt eeTT eeTt
et EeTt Eett eeTt eett
F1) Genotype:
1/16 EETT2/16 EETt1/16 EEtt2/16 EeTT4/16 EeTt ⇒ 1/4 EeTt2/16 Eett1/16 eeTT2/16 eeTt1/16 eettPhenotype
9/16 E-T-, Square eyes and Long tails3/16 E-tt, Square eyes and short tails3/16 eeT-, Round eyes and Long tails1/16 eett, round eyes and short tailPhenotypic ratio 9:3:3:1
3. From the mating described in question ABOVE, what proportion of ALL of the offspring in will be heterozygous for both traits?
4/16 = 1/4 = 25% of the progeny are expected to be heterozygous for both traits, EeTt.
In which of the following areas is the high biodiversity found there threatened? (Choose all that apply)
a. Columbia
b. Indonesia
c. Madagascar
d. India
Answer:
columbia, indonesia, and madagascar
Explanation:
i took the test
Among these alternatives, the country with high biodiversity found threatened is in Madagascar.
Threatened biodiversity in Madagacar70% of the species that inhabit these islands are totally unique in the world. Its great wealth of biodiversity ranges from
LemursMongoosesChameleonsBatsFoxes…In addition, during the last decade,
40 mammals69 amphibians61 reptiles42 invertebrates and 385 new plants have been discovered in its territory.Even so, 75% of its forests have disappeared in recent decades; therefore, urgent measures must be taken to prevent this phenomenon.
With this information, we can conclude thatthe country with high biodiversity found threatened is in Madagascar.
Learn more about biodiversity in brainly.com/question/13073382
Can someone help me with this ASAP!!
Answer:
I don't know what your asking beore specific.
When a doctor is able to determine the sex of the fetus during an ultrasound, which stage of development is the fetus in? third trimester blastocyst formation first trimester second trimester
Answer:
second trimester
Explanation:
The second trimester, which is week thirteen to week twenty four, the foetus would have develop enough to be picked up by the ultrasound scan. At this stage, the doctor can easily determine the sex of the foetus whether it is a boy or a girl.
The second trimester, which is week thirteen to week twenty four, the foetus would have develop enough to be picked up by the ultrasound scan. At this stage, the doctor can easily determine the sex of the foetus whether it is a boy or a girl.
What is Second Trimester?During this trimester, morning sickness typically subsides as well as the acute fatigue and breast discomfort. Your fetus has completed the development of all of its organs and systems and is about to start expanding in size.
For most women, the second trimester is the most physically satisfying. During this time, morning sickness typically subsides, and the intense fatigue and breast discomfort usually go away.
Human chorionic gonadotropin levels have decreased, and estrogen and progesterone levels have changed, which can be linked to these alterations.
Therefore, The second trimester, which is week thirteen to week twenty four, the fetus would have develop enough to be picked up by the ultrasound scan. At this stage, the doctor can easily determine the sex of the fetus whether it is a boy or a girl.
To learn more about Trimester, refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/24174987
#SPJ6
(Psychology)
Hi, I just need help with these question. Don’t put links to files or I’ll report!
Answer:
6) B
7) False
8) False
An atom has 5 electrons in its outer electron shell. To complete its outer shell it needs_____additional electrons.
-5
-3
-2
-1
-4
to complete the outer shell it needs -3 additional electrons
difference between antigens and antibodies?
Answer:
Antigens are molecules capable of stimulating an immune response. Each antigen has distinct surface features, or epitopes, resulting in specific responses. Antibodies (immunoglobins) are Y-shaped proteins produced by B cells of the immune system in response to exposure to antigens.
Explanation:
Plz mark as Brainliest
hopes this helps
Why do daughter cells have DNA that is identical to the parent cell? Explain your answer.
the RNA is the daughter cell of DNA
I hope it's helpful for you
3. Two body systems work together to help remove waste products from blood. What
are these two systems?
a. Respiratory and excretory
b. skeletal and digestive
c. circulatory and reproductive
d. nervous and excretory
If someone died from chronic mercury poisoning what might be visible during the autopsy ? A-black vomit. B-mees lines. C-red coloring on their lips. D-silver eyes.
Mushrooms, bread molds, and yeasts are classified together in the fungi kingdom. Specific characteristics are used to
classify these organisms. Which of the following is a characteristic used to classify these organisms as fungi?
Answer:
D.) They are heterotrophs
What is the probability of two cystic fibrosis carriers having a child with cystic fibrosis?
A. 0%
B. 25%
C. 50%
D. 100%
Answer:
Each time two CF carriers have a child, the chances are: 25 percent (1 in 4).
Therefore, your answer is B.
1234567891011121314151617181920
Answer:
uh
Explanation:
The photo shows a cross between a plant with white flowers and a plant with red flowers. The offspring is a plant with flowers that have both colors. X / Which pattern of inheritance is shown? 1/4 O A. Codominance B. Incomplete dominance O C. Recessiveness D. Multiple gene
Answer:
The correct answer is - A. codominance.
Explanation:
Codominance is an inheritance pattern that develops if there are two alleles of a particular gene in an organism and both are expressed together. It is not common as normally dominant allele masks the effect of recessive allele but here both traits occur.
Codominance is different from incomplete dominance as incomplete dominance expresses the dominant allele more than the recessive allele and expresses a mix of both.
Which one of the following is NOT one of the two most abundant and common elements in the universe?
Helium
Hydrogen
Plutonium
In Drosophila, the linked mutations ebony body color (e), rough eyes (r), and brevis bristles (b), are autosomal recessive. A test cross yielded the following results:
wild type 169
ebony 619
ebony, rough 9
brevis 14
rough 93
ebony, brevis 97
rough, brevis 621
ebony, rough, brevis 165
Total 1787
1: Which locus is in somewhere between the other two?
a. ebony
b. rough
c. brevis
d. wild type
e. can not be determined from the information provided
2: What is the percentage of double cross overs?
Answer:
The correct answer is - 1) rough
2) [(9+14)/1786]* 100 = 1.2877 percentage
Explanation:
In this case there is mutated genes are :
mutated : ebony (e), rough (r) and brevis (b)
wild type: e+, r+ and b+
Given: wild type 169 (e+ r+ b+)
ebony 619 (e b+ r+)....... parent
rough, brevis 621 (e+ b r) .... parent
ebony, rough, brevis - 165 (e r b)
rough - 93 (e+ r b+)
ebony, brevis - 97 (e r+ b)
ebony, rough - 9 (e r b+) ....... double cross
brevis - 14 (e+ r+ b) ..... double cross
solution:
In this question, there is the three-point cross is performed, in such case, if one is mutated then the other two are normal. For instance, here ebony is mutated then the rest two are norma - e r+ b+.
We know the most frequent genotypes in such case, are parental and least frequent are double crossover genotypes. We can get the correct order of genes by the double-cross of parental genotypes and if we get double cross over then the gene order is correct.
(e b+ r+) -----------> (e r b+)
(e+ b r) ------------> (e+ r+ b)
double cross double crossover
between
parental gentype
Thus, the correct order is e r b that means rough is between ebony and brevis.
The percentage of double cross over =
(number of first double-cross + second double-cross over/1787)*100
[(9+14)/1786]* 100 = 1.2877 percentage
Select a drug to research. Explain how tolerance and withdrawal would work for a person addicted to that drug.
Which statement regarding DNA packing in eukaryotes is false?
A Tight DNA packing tends to promote gene expression
B) Euchromatin can be highly expressed
с
none of the answers are false
D
A nucleosome consists of DNA wound around a core of 8 histone
molecules.
E Highly compacted chromatin is generally not expressed at all.
Answer:
The correct answer is - A. Tight DNA packing tends to promote gene expression.
Explanation:
Euchromatin which is less packed or condensed is highly expressed as it participates in the transcription whereas highly compacted chromatin - heterochromatin not expressed at all as these does undergoes the transcription process.
DNA binds around a core of 8 subunits of Histone protein in a nucleosome in which DNA is negatively charged and histone protein is positively charged protein .
DNA packing decreases its transcription and hence no expression.
long time no see?? apple sauce
Answer:
yes, its great
Explanation:
Answer:
i guess
Explanation:
What is Castration and give me the types of castration
Answer:
Castration is any action, surgical, chemical, or otherwise, by which an individual loses use of the testicles. Castration may be accomplished by physical, chemical or hormonal techniques. Testicles may be removed surgically or killed by obstructing the blood supply. Young calves may be castrated with rubber rings.
N O 2) Select the best answer. What are three important minerals found in soil? O nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium O carbon, oxygen, calcium aluminum, lithium, magnesium copper, gold, silver
Answer:
Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium
Explanation:
Answer:
phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium
Would Pollution be another one or if not what would
Answer:
diseases
Explanation:
what activity would increase the risk of anti microbial resistance
Answer:
Down below
Explanation:
The main drivers of antimicrobial resistance include the misuse and overuse of antimicrobials; lack of access to clean water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) for both humans and animals; poor infection and disease prevention and control in health-care facilities and farms; poor access to quality, affordable medicines.
Which step of protein synthesis does the lac operon stop and how ?
Answer:
Explanation:
The phospholipid bilayer, shown below, that makes up the cell membrane is partially permeable . This means that it selectively prevents large, polar molecules and certain ions from passing into or out of the cell. Transport proteins are therefore used to move them, essentially by-passing the membrane.
Which of the following are reasons that demonstrate the importance of forests on Earth? (Choose all that apply.)
a. The roots of the trees in forests reduce soil erosion.
b. Trees absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
c. Forests are a source of a great amount of biodiversity.
d. The trees in forests play an important role in the hydrologic cycle.
Answer:
a. The roots of the trees in forests reduce soil erosion.
c. Forests are a source of a great amount of biodiversity.
d. The trees in forests play an important role in the hydrologic cycle.
Explanation:
Took the test
The importance of the forest is that roots of the trees in forests reduce soil erosion, forests are a source of a great amount of biodiversity, and also trees in forests play an important role in the hydrologic cycle. Thus, the correct options are a, c, and d.
What is hydrologic cycle?The hydrologic cycle is the ongoing movement of water in the Earth-Atmosphere system. The water cycle is outlined as the movement of groundwater to the atmosphere and back again.
Since the vertical growing floor and resulting canopy shade create micro-niches by altering locally available light, heat, and moisture, forests have a high biodiversity.
The forest is important because the roots of trees in forests reduce soil erosion, forests provide a large amount of biodiversity, and trees in forests play an important role in the hydrologic cycle.
Thus, the correct options are a, c, and d.
For more details regarding forests, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/3530564
#SPJ5
During which process is liquid changed to a gas within the water cycle?
A. condensation
B. precipitation
C. evaporation
D. runoff