In the disease myasthenia gravis, the human body makes-by mistake- antibodies to its own acetylcholine receptor molecules. These antibodies bind to and inactivate acetylcholine receptors on the plasma membrane of muscle cells. The disease leads to devastating progressive weakening of the muscles of people affected. Early on, they may have difficulty opening their eyelids, for example, and, in an animal model of the disease, rabbits have difficulty holding their ears up. As the disease progresses, most muscles weaken, and people with myasthenia gravis have difficulty speaking and swallowing. Eventually, impaired breathing can cause death. Explain which step of muscle function is affected

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Muscle contraction function.

Explanation:

The nerve endings possess synaptic acetylcholine vesicles ready to be released. The action potential depolarizes the presynaptic terminal and increases the concentration of axoplasmic calcium; Acetylcholine molecules are thus released, so that the concentration of the neurotransmitter at postsynaptic (nicotinic) receptors is temporarily increased. This is followed by post-synaptic membrane depolarization, muscle membrane action potential with increased rnioplasmic calcium concentration, and finally muscle contraction. Acetylcholine is hydrolyzed by acetylcholinesterase and resynaptic at the presynaptic level by cholinecetyltransferase. The etiopathogenesis of myasthenia gravis is autoimmune and there are antibodies against acetylcholine receptors that circulate in the blood, as well as a decrease in the number of receptors on the motor plates, that is, it is produced by the postsynaptic blockage of the myoneural plaque, that generates fatigue and localized or generalized muscle weakness that is characterized by the worsening of the contractile force of the muscle.


Related Questions

La función de los tejidos conductores es:

A.
Transportar gases.

B.
Conducir el proceso fotosintético

C.
Transportar agua y sales minerales.

D.
Transportar savia.

Answers

C because it helps them get nutrients and give the earth it’s got ima so to survive

(ii)
Which process transfers energy from organisms at one stage in a food chain
to organisms at the next?
Tick the correct box.
reproduction
feeding
movement
photosynthesis
1 mark

Answers

Answer:

feeding

Explanation:

when an organism eats another, it gets energy from it. That energy is passed along the food chain

The process by which energy is transferred from organisms at one stage in a food chain to organisms at the next is by feeding, which is present in the second option, as through the eating process and the predator-prey relationship, energies pass.

What is the significance of the food chain and the energy transfer?

The food chain in nature is made up of many trophic levels, where one trophic level animal preys on other animals or plants and obtains food from them, so when the animal is eaten by other animals, the energy content passes from one to another, and the energy content from plants continues to decrease to the topmost trophic levels.

Hence, the process by which energy is transferred from organisms at one stage in a food chain to organisms at the next is by feeding, which is present in the second option, as through the eating process and the predator-prey relationship, energies pass.

Learn more about the food chain and energy here.

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2. The genetic material of a virus can either be_____ or ______

Answers

Answer:

RNA or DNA

Explanation:

Answer: RNA or DNA

Explanation:

explain the difference between solid lines in the diagram and the dashed lines in the diagram

Answers

Answer: in an organization chart, a solid line is used to indicate the relationship between a manager and their reports. A "dotted line report" is an employee that has some level of accountability to another, but is not a direct report.

Explanation:

Which of the following are benefits of commensalism? (Choose all that apply) (Don’t put links or I will report!!)

A)food
B)transportation
C)protection
D)reproduction

Answers

Answer:

the answer is A, B, C.

Explanation:

I got it right on my test.

GIVING BRAINLIEST!!!!!

why is the bladder like a water ballon?

Answers

Answer:

It fills up with waste liquids (known as urine) and swells up to store more of the waste fluid.

Explanation:

Answer:

So that it is kept flexible respective of the amount of urine it holds without getting damaged

which of the following is NOT a natural resource?

gold

water

oil

fire

Answers

Answer:

fire is your answer i hope this helps

It’s oli like frfr hope this helps

How does carbon move from the nonliving (abiotic) environment into the living (biotic) environment?

A.) fossil fuels take carbon dioxide out of the air
B.) plants take carbon dioxide from the air
C.) animals take carbon dioxide from the air
D.) carbon dioxide moves from the air into water

Plz help soon i'll mark brainliest

Answers

Answer:

b plants take carbon dioxide from the air

help? plz mark brainliest?!

Answers

Answer:

Darwin

Explanation:

He was a scientist who was all about evolution (change over time)

i think darwin that’s what his theory was about

Which shows the best connection between the digestive and excretory systems?

The digestive system fuels the cells and the excretory system rids the body of the cells’ waste.
The digestive system rids the body of the cells’ waste and the excretory system fuels the cells.
The digestive system does physical digestion while the excretory system carries out chemical digestion.
The digestive system carries out chemical digestion while the excretory system does physical digestion.

Answers

Answer:

A. The digestive system fuels the cells and the excretory system rids the body of the cells’ waste.

Explanation:

got it right on edg quiz (see pic)

hope this helps :)

All nutrients that enter the circulation are processed by the digestive and excretory systems simultaneously, with the exception of oxygen, which is taken in by the respiratory system. The correct answer is a) The digestive system fuels the cells and the excretory system rids the body of the cells’ waste.

What is the digestive and excretory system?

Nutritive substances are absorbed by the digestive system, and any that are not are expelled. By continuously purging the blood, the excretory system works in tandem to remove metabolic waste products from cells throughout the body.

The digestive system takes in the nutrients and water from the diet. All across the body, the circulatory system delivers nutrition, water, and oxygen to cells. The respiratory system, the excretory system, and the skin all remove waste from the cells.

The excretory system filters the bloodstream for nutrients and gathers unneeded components in your urine for disposal, whereas the digestive system absorbs nutrients, collects them, and then eliminates the undigested solids (feces).

Therefore, the correct answer is a).

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Plant cells use CO2 and H2O to make
A. chlorophyll

B. new cells

C. glucose

D. an ovule

Answers

Answer:

c.

Explanation:

Plants use CO2 and H2O to make glucose through photosynthesis


Which statement best describes the pioneer organisms involved
in ecological succession?

Select one:

Pioneer organisms are restricted to desert biomes.

Pioneer organisms do not require sunlight.

Pioneer organisms are the last organisms to appear.

Pioneer organisms modify the environment.

Answers

Answer: Pioneer organisms modify the environment.

The statement that best describes the involvement of pioneer organisms in ecological succession is as follows:

Pioneer organisms modify the environment.

Thus, the correct option for this question is D.

What is Ecological succession?

Ecological succession may be defined as the gradual and continuous replacement of one community by another community over a long period of time.

Pioneer organisms are those organisms that arrive first in any ecosystem which is bare. The pioneer species are always found to be present in the bare area. The organisms that are the last organisms to appear known as climax organisms.

Pioneer organisms modify the environment in such a way that makes the bare atmosphere a little bit improved with respect to the need of other organisms.

Therefore, the correct option for this question is D.

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Think back to Biology class. Using the phenotypes and genotypes above, create a Punnett
square that shows the possible offspring from a blood type "O" parent and a blood type
"AB" parent.
What are the probable ratios of the phenotypes and genotypes of the kids?

Answers

Answer: 50% Ao, 50% Bo

What does coal do to the environment

Answers

Answer:

the burning of fossil fuels releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, increasing levels of CO2 and other gasses, trapping heat, and contributing to global climate change. Coal combustion releases the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) during combustion.Explanation:

Answer: Burning fuel releases CO2 into the atmosphere these gasses are called greenhouse gasses. When enough of these gasses accumulate in the sky the earth's natural temperature increases.  

Plants are organized into cells, tissues, organs and organ systems just like animals.
A. True

B. False

Answers

Answer:

A. True

Explanation:

Hope it helps you in your learning process

The Texas blind salamander (Eurycea rathbunl) lives in the Edwards Aquifer region around San Marcos. Along with other species the salamander lives in total darkness in the underground crevices and caves of the aquifer region. The table lists some of the organisms that live in this environment and their food sources. Edwards Aquifer Cave Inhabitants Food Sources Texas blind salamander Blind shrimp Snails Amphipods Intestinal roundworm Blind shrimp, amphipods Protozoa, fungl, detritus Detritus Detritus. Texas blind salamander In an energy pyramid for these aquifer cave dwellers, which of the following would be placed at the bottom? A Snails C Protozoa B D Texas blind salamanders Blind shrimp​

Answers

Answer:

The answer is Protozoa

Explanation:

19. Explain the following observation made by Gregory Mendel in his experiments, A cross between a
pure breed tall plant and a pure breed dwarf plant had all the first filial generation being tall.​

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - can be explained by the law of dominance.

Explanation:

In this experiment of Gregory John Mendel where he made a cross between a purebred tall plant and a purebred dwarf plant and in the first generation all the offspring were tall.

It can be explained by that every offspring get one allele from both parents and in purebred both alleles are either dominant or recessive and both parent plant gives one allele which makes a heterozygous condition in which the dominant allele masks the recessive allele and offspring express phenotype of the dominant parent.

4. Which relationship is an example of commensalism?
A.An oxpecker bird eating insects off the back of a rhinoceros
B.The clownfish living in a sea anemone
C.Tapeworms living in a human
D.Moss growing higher on a tree to gain nutrients and sunlight.

Answers

Answer:

B.The clownfish living in a sea anemone

Explanation:

It's a relationship between two organisms where one benefits and the other gains neither harm nor benefit

Answer:

D. Moss growing higher on a tree to gain nutrients and sunlight.

Explanation:

I just had this question.

The leg muscles of a sprinter would differ from a marathon runner in that ________. The leg muscles of a sprinter would differ from a marathon runner in that ________. per gram, the sprinter's muscles would have more mitochondria than the marathon runner's muscles the marathon runner's muscles would have a greater rate of contraction than the sprinter's muscles per gram, the marathon runner's muscles would contain more myoglobin than the sprinter's muscles per gram, the sprinter's muscles would use more oxygen than the marathon runner's muscles

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - per gram, the marathon runner's muscles would contain more myoglobin than the sprinter's muscles.

Explanation:

Marathon runners have smaller leg muscles and thinner quads and calves as marathon runners require slow-twitch muscles while in sprinters the fast-twitch muscle requires. Slow-twitch muscles of marathon runners have more amount of myoglobin, per gram than fast-twitch muscles.

Myoglobin acts as local oxygen storage that provides oxygen to the muscles in case of less oxygen supply than required temporarily and a marathon race is an intense exercise or activity that requires more oxygen.

CAN SOMEONE ANSWER THIS REALLY FAST

Answers

Answer:

Use any of the followin

Explanation:

Thin narrow beak, Two legs, thin tail, wings

11.Explain why the newly created bacteria are considered genetically modified

Answers

Answer: Genetically modified bacteria are used to produce large amounts of proteins for industrial use. Generally the bacteria are grown to a large volume before the gene encoding the protein is activated. The bacteria are then harvested and the desired protein purified from them.

Explanation:

If the half-life of a radioactive atom is 3,500 years. How old is the substance if the parent-daughter ratio is 1:127?

Answers

Answer:

2.447 × 10⁴ years

Explanation:

Step 1: Given data

Half-life of the radioactive atom (t1/2): 3,500 yearsParent-daughter ratio ([A]/[A]₀): 1:127 (1/127)

Step 2: Calculate the rate constant

Radioactive decay follows first-order kinetics. We can calculate the rate constant (k) using the following equation.

k = ln2 / (t1/2) = ln2 / 3,500 y = 1.980 × 10⁻⁴ y⁻¹

Step 3: Calculate the time elapsed (t)

For first-order kinetics, we will use the following expression.

ln ([A]/[A]₀) = -k × t

t = ln ([A]/[A]₀)/ (-k)

t = ln (1/127) / (1.980 × 10⁻⁴ y⁻¹) = 2.447 × 10⁴ y

Reflection Question: Explain the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Be sure to
include the main purpose of both and where they occur inside the cell.

Answers

Photosynthesis makes the glucose that is used in cellular respiration to make ATP. ... While photosynthesis requires carbon dioxide and releases oxygen, cellular respiration requires oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. It is the released oxygen that is used by us and most other organisms for cellular respiration.
hope this helps you and plz mark this answer as brainliest answer.


The autonomic nervous system works without our control. Which of the following does
cardiac muscle fall under?
involuntary or
voluntary

Answers

Answer: Involuntary.

The Autonomic nervous system is a subdivision of the Peripheral nervous system and it is in charge of the involuntary processes in the body such as blood pressure, respiration and the heart rate. As such, its effectors are under involuntary control.

The Autonomic nervous system controls the smooth and cardiac muscles in the body as well as the glands. This is where it earns its other name, the Visceral nervous system.

Explanation:

Which group of pictures best represents a population?
А.
В.
C.
D

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

because a population is a group of the same species that lives in a given area

Name two producers in the food web

Answers

oxygen, carbon dioxide and water
Plants and bacteria.

What is the major cause of air pollution?

Answers

Answer: Air pollution occurs when harmful or excessive quantities of substances including gases, particulates, and biological molecules are introduced into Earth's atmosphere.

Explanation: Hope this helps!!!

explain in at least 5 steps what is occurring in the diagram

Answers

Replication occurs in three major steps: the opening of the double helix and separation of the DNA strands, the priming of the template strand, and the assembly of the new DNA segment. During separation, the two strands of the DNA double helix uncoil at a specific location called the origin.

HELP!!

Question 1 (2 points)
What is the phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation?


Answers

Well i hope you understand what a ratio. First we take a look at how most of the color is black so thats our biggest next we look t what color is least which is orange now count the orange and the yellow and separate them!! Theres your answer :)

Answer:

9:7

Explanation:

We get the dominant phenotype in plants that have at least one dominant allele of EACH of the two genes; otherwise we get the recessive phenotype. So, the observed ratio in the F2 generation is 9:7.

So, this is your answer.

(Will give brainly, 50 total points!)
1.Why does menstruation begin?
2.How long does the menstrual cycle usually last?
3.How do you know when the first day of the menstrual cycle is? What happens?
4.What is the function of FSH?
5.What are the small sacs in an ovary that contain a developing egg cell?
6.When does a woman run out of eggs? (No longer able to conceive) What is this point 7.in a woman's life called?
8.What is the name of the lining of the uterus?
9.What does estrogen do to the lining of the uterus?
10.What hormone is released due to the rising level of estrogen in the bloodstream?
11.What is the process by which the egg is released called?
12.When does ovulation occur? (At what point in the cycle?)
13.What is the maximum life of a sperm?
14.What hormone prevents the release of another egg?
15.What happens to hormone levels if a woman becomes pregnant?
16.Why does menstruation begin?
17.How long does the menstrual cycle usually last?
18.How do you know when the first day of the menstrual cycle is? What happens?
19.What is the function of FSH?
20.What are the small sacs in an ovary that contain a developing egg cell?
21.When does a woman run out of eggs? (No longer able to conceive) What is this point in a woman's life called?
22.What is the name of the lining of the uterus?
23.What does estrogen do to the lining of the uterus?
24.What hormone is released due to the rising level of estrogen in the bloodstream?
25.What is the process by which the egg is released called?
26.When does ovulation occur? (At what point in the cycle?)
27.What is the maximum life of a sperm?
28What hormone prevents the release of another egg?
29.What happens to hormone levels if a woman becomes pregnant?

Answers

Answer:

1.) Why does menstruation begin?

A.) Period happens because of changes in hormones in the body. 

2.) How long does the menstrual cycle usually last?

A.) the menstrual cycle lasts 21 to 35 days while bleeding between 2 to 7 days

3.) How do you know when the first day of the menstrual cycle is? What happens?

A.) first day of menstrual bleeding is considered Day 1 of the cycle.

4.) What is the function of FSH?

A.) FSH helps control the menstrual cycle and stimulates the growth of eggs in the ovaries.

5.) What are the small sacs in an ovary that contain a developing egg cell?

A.) Follicle

6.) When does a woman run out of eggs?

A.) your ovaries cease to make estrogen, and you will go through the menopause. At the age of 45 to 50

7.) In a woman's life called?

A.) Middle adulthood is considered that period of time between ages 40 and 59

8.) What is the name of the lining of the uterus?

A.) Endometrium

9.) What does estrogen do to the lining of the uterus?

A.) Estrogen causes further proliferation of the stromal cells of the epithelial lining of the uterus.

10.) What hormone is released due to the rising level of estrogen in the bloodstream?

A.) When the level of estrogen is sufficiently high, it produces a sudden release of LH, usually around day thirteen of the cycle.

11.) What is the process by which the egg is released called?

A.) Ovulation

12.) When does ovulation occur?

A.) Ovulation typically occurs about 14 days before the start of the next menstrual period.

13.) What is the maximum life of a sperm?

A.) 5 days.

14.) What hormone prevents the release of another egg?

A.) Luteinizing hormone (LH),

15.) What happens to hormone levels if a woman becomes pregnant?

A.) Estrogen and progesterone are the chief pregnancy hormones.

16.) Why does menstruation begin?

A.) Period happens because of changes in hormones in the body. 

17.) How long does the menstrual cycle usually last?

A.) the menstrual cycle lasts 21 to 35 days while bleeding between 2 to 7 days

18.) How do you know when the first day of the menstrual cycle is? What happens?

A.) first day of menstrual bleeding is considered Day 1 of the cycle.

19.) What is the function of FSH?

A.) FSH helps control the menstrual cycle and stimulates the growth of eggs in the ovaries.

20.) What are the small sacs in an ovary that contain a developing egg cell?

A.) Follicle

21.) When does a woman run out of eggs?

A.) your ovaries cease to make estrogen, and you will go through the menopause. At the age of 45 to 50

22.) What is the name of the lining of the uterus?

A.) Endometrium

23.) What does estrogen do to the lining of the uterus?

A.) estrogen causes further proliferation of the stromal cells of the epithelial lining of the uterus.

24.) What hormone is released due to the rising level of estrogen in the bloodstream?

A.) When the level of estrogen is sufficiently high, it produces a sudden release of LH, usually around day thirteen of the cycle.

25.) What is the process by which the egg is released called?

A.) Ovulation

26.) When does ovulation occur?

A.) Ovulation typically occurs about 14 days before the start of the next menstrual period.

27.) What is the maximum life of a sperm?

A.) 5 days.

28.) What hormone prevents the release of another egg?

A.) Luteinizing hormone (LH),

29.) What happens to hormone levels if a woman becomes pregnant?

A.) Estrogen and progesterone are the chief pregnancy hormones.

-TheUnknownScientist

Explanation:

I understand but it's so low point.....

.

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pls help me waaaaaaa help please I would appreciate it thank u 70% of the magic tricks that Jade knows are card tricks. If she knows 14 card tricks, how many magic tricks does Jade know in all? Oak Corp., a calendar-year corporation, was formed three years ago by its sole shareholder, Glover, and has always operated as a C corporation. However, at the beginning of this year, Glover made a qualifying S election for Oak Corp., effective January 1. Oak Corp. did not have any C corporation earnings and profits on that date. On June 1, Oak Corp. distributed $15,000 to Glover. What are the amount and character of gain Glover must recognize on the distribution, and what is his basis in his Oak Corp. stock in each of the following alternative scenarios?a. At the time of the distribution, Glovers basis in his Oak Corp. stock was $35,000.b. At the time of the distribution, Glovers basis in his Oak Corp. stock was $8,000.c. At the time of the distribution, Glovers basis in his Oak Corp. stock was $0. Which of the following is an irrational number? if lim x-> 4 f(x)=5 lim x-> 4 f g(x)=0 and lim x-> 4 f h(x)=-2, then find lim (fg)(x)a.1b.0c.3d.does not exist ito ay karaniwang tumatalakay sa mga kwentong may kinalaman sa mga diyos dyosa bathala diwata at mga kakaibang nilalang na may kaangyarihan Which expression is equivalent to 2 x 2 class 10th routing in home study "Texans believed annexation offered an easier solution to most of the problems facing the Republic than accomplishing hard tasks involved in building a new nation. Few Texans dreamed of a future as an independent nation. Most looked forward to joining the United States, and Texans did so at their earliest opportunity." Which of the following statements best describes the role of slavery in the path to achieving the goals described in the passage?A. Texas's unwillingness to support slavery led to the South to resist.B. Taxas's willingness to compromise on the slavery issue hastened annexation.C. Taxas's potential admission as a slave state caused controversy and delayed annexation.D. Texas's agriculture resources convinced the North to compromise on slavery and approve annexation. Question 112, 10, 50, ...plz help me out! P is a prime number.Show that p+6 could be either even or odd put in a newA rectangular garage is 11 yards long and 5 yards wide. It costs $2.00 per square yardconcrete floor. How much would it cost to put a new concrete floor in the garage? Does negative 3 fourths times negative 5 sevenths equal negative 15 twenty-eighths? Sorry if it don't make sence [Image holds question]answer and step by step explanation needed please .. Read the excerpt from "The Yellow Wallpaper."At first he meant to repaper the room, but afterwards he said that I was letting it get the better of me, and that nothing was worse for a nervous patient than to give way to such fancies.Which gothic element in this excerpt reflects a social attitude of Gilmans time?a. The narrator feels an inevitable sense of doom.b. The qualities of the wallpaper create a sense of mystery.c. John appears to be a supernatural being.d. John views his wifes concerns as unimportant and silly. Ernesto is deep-sea diving with two friends. Alexandra is floating on the surface 6 metersabove Emesto, and Krysta is exploring a coral reef 7 meters in front of Ernesto. How far apartare Alexandra and Krysta? If necessary, round to the nearest tenth. 2(c power of 2-5)for c =4 Name and describe this Mayan sculpture. Explain the cultural practice that can be observed in this sculpture. When presenting evidence in a Small Claims Court, it is advisable to avoid using pictures or graphics. T OR F