In obtaining the rate of reaction for the reaction of sodium metal and water;
a) -0.005 g/s
b) 0.000217 mol/s
c) 0.00025 g/s
d) 0.0001084 mol/s
What is the rate of reaction?The term rate of reaction has to do with the rate at which the reactants are changed to become products or the rate at which the products are seen to appear.
a) The average rate of decrease of the sodium in g/s is;
Mass of sodium/ time taken
= -(0.075 g / 15 s) = -0.005 g/s
b) The average rate of decrease of the sodium in mol/s;
Number of moles of sodium = 0.075 g/23 g/mol = 0.00326 moles
Given that;
Number of moles/ time taken
= 0.00326 moles/15 s
= 0.000217 mol/s
Given that the reaction equation is;
[tex]2Na(s) + 2H_{2} O(l) ---- > 2NaOH(aq) + H_{2}(g)[/tex]
c) The average rate of production of hydrogen in g/s = 1/2 * 0.005 g/s
= 0.00025 g/s
d) The average rate of production of hydrogen in mol/s;
1/2 * 0.000217 mol/s
= 0.0001084 mol/s
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why does salt dissolve in water while sugar does not (please tell me with ionic and covalent compounds and also about the crystal lattice as well as the polarr! Thankyou!)
Sugar and salt both dissolves in water because both are hydrophilic in nature.
The water molecule is the polar compound. water is the covalent compound but polar in nature that means oxygen is the more electronegative so it contains partial negative and the hydrogen has the partial positive charges. sugar and salt both are hydrophilic in nature means water loving. salt contains ionic bond means molecule have full charges and sugar contain polar bond or polar covalent bond means contains partial charges. salt dissociates in water and forms ion and interact with the partial charges on water. sugar have polar covalent bond and interact with partial charges on the water and dissolve as well.
Thus, Sugar and salt both dissolves in water because both are hydrophilic in nature.
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The sp3 hybridization has what percent s character and what percent p character?.
The sp3 hybridization has a 1 s orbital and 3 p orbitals. Hence, it has a percentage of 25% s and 75% p characters.
What is sp3 hybridization?Sp3 hybridization is the mixing character of one 2s orbital and three 2p orbitals that create 4 hybrid orbitals with similar characteristics. The sp3 hybridization affects the molecular geometry to the shape of tetrahedral. This shape is created by bonding an atom to 4 other atoms that arrange with a bond angle of 109.5 degrees. Some compounds that have sp3 hybridization are ethane, methane, and diamond. Those compounds have 25% s character and 75% p character.
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an automobile gasoline tank holds 43.0 kg of gasoline. when all of the gasoline burns, 153.0 kg of oxygen is consumed, and carbon dioxide and water are produced?
The total combined mass of carbon dioxide and water that is produced is 196kg.
Mass is the quantity of matter in a physical body. It is also a measure of the body's inertia, the resistance to acceleration when a net force is applied. An object's mass also determines the strength of its gravitational attraction to other bodies. The SI base unit of mass is the kilogram.
How to calculate the total combined mass of carbon dioxide and water that is produced?
The reaction is written as follows :
Gasoline + 0₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
According to the law of conservation of mass, the total mass of reactants must be equal to the total mass of products as during a reaction, the overall mass of the system remains constant.
So the total mass of reactants is 43kg + 153kg = 196kg
Since mass reactants is equal to the combined mass of products, therefore, combined mass of carbon dioxide and water produced is 196kg.
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what is a property of every mixture
The property of every mixture is right response is D)One substance can be separated from another through physical means.
A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are physically merged or mingled without losing their own identities.This indicates that the combination does not alter chemically and can be physically separated (like filtration). It may contain molecules that are solid, liquid, or gaseous.Homogeneous mixtures (having a consistent composition, so that every sample will have the same attribute) and heterogeneous mixtures are the two main categories of mixtures ( non uniform composition that is not every sample will have same property).As a result, D) is a characteristic of every blend.To learn more about mixture visit:
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In 1-2 sentences, WHY do we use density to identify unknown substances?
It enables us to determine which materials will float and which materials will sink when dissolved in a liquid. Density equals mass/volume and does not depend on shape or size, which allows it to be useful in identifying unknown substances.
Hope this helped!
If oxygen gas were collected over water at 22oC and the total pressure of the wet gas were 710 mm-Hg, what would be the partial pressure of the oxygen in mm-Hg? (Do not include the unit in the response)
Hint: Vapor Pressure of Water calculator Formula:
P = 10A-B/(C+T)
Where:
P: Vapor Pressure of Water in mm-Hg
T: Water Temperature, in Celsius
A,B,C: Antoine Constants for Water. When water temperature in the range of 1 - 100 Celsius A=8.07131, B=1730.63, C= 233.426
The partial pressure of the oxygen gas is obtained as 690.65 mmHg.
What is partial pressure?The term partial pressure has to do with pressure of a gas that is part of a mixture of gases. We know that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the partial pressures of all the gases that we have in the mixture.
We know that we can be able to apply the Dalton's law of partial pressures in this case. From the Dalton's law of partial pressure we have that;
PT = PA + PB + PC + ...... These are the individual pressures of the gases.
Now we know that saturated vapor pressure of water at the temperature of 22°C is 19.35 mmHg.
We can now be able to obtain the pressure of the gas from the values that we have and this is; 710 mm-Hg - 19.35 mmHg = 690.65 mmHg
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c) You pour a purple potassium permanganate solution (KMnO4) with a concentration of
2 mol/L in different volumetric flasks-100 mL/ 250mL/ 500ml - please calculate the
moles involved of each flask.
Answer:
Explanation:.
Given: 27.375 g HNO₃ and 47.0 g Sr(OH)₂ and total volume of 1.2 L
Reaction: 2HNO₃ (aq) + Sr(OH)₂ (aq) ⇒ Sr(NO₃)₂ (aq) + 2HOH (l)
Net ionic equation: 2H⁺ (aq) + 2OH⁻ (aq) ⇒ 2HOH (l)
Find the final concentration of OH⁻ ions.
The final concentration of the hydroxide ions is 0.163 M.
What is the final concentration of OH⁻ ions?We have to obtain the number of moles of each of the reactants. This would help us to be able to obtain the final concentration of the hydroxide ions.
Number of moles of the acid = 27.375 g/63 g/mol
= 0.43 moles
Number of moles of strontium hydroxide = 47.0 g/122 g/mol
= 0.39 moles
It is clear that the hydroxide is the limiting reactant
Number of moles of the hydroxide ion = 0.39 moles/2 = 0.195 moles
Volume of the solution = 1.2 L
Concentration of the solution = Number of moles/ volume
= 0.195 moles/ 1.2 L
= 0.163 M
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If the volume of the gas is increased to 5.30 L, what is the pressure?
(Assume constant temperature.)
Express your answer in millimeters of mercury to three significant
figures.
The final pressure can be calculated using Boyle's law. The final pressure of the gas if the volume is increased from 3.98 L to 5.30 L is obtained as 526.4 mmHg.
What is Boyle's law?Boyle's law states that at constant temperature, the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of the gas. Hence, volume decreases with increase in pressure and vice versa.
If P₁ and V₁ be the initial pressure and volume respectively and P₂, V₂ be their final quantities, then the relation between them can be written as:
P₁ V₁ = P₂ V₂ .
It is given that the initial volume and pressure is 3.98 L and 701 mmHg, and the final volume is 5.30 L. Then, the final pressure is calculated as follows:
P₂ = P₁ V₁ / V₂
= (3.98 L × 701 mm Hg) / 5.30 L
= 526.4 mmHg.
Hence, the final pressure of the gas will be 526.4 mmHg.
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Your question is incomplete, but your complete question probably was:
A sample of gas has an initial volume of 3.98 L at a pressure of 701 mmHg If the volume of the gas is increased to 5.30 L, what is the pressure? (Assume constant temperature.)
What type of skin tissue enables movement
A. nerve tissue
B. muscle tissue
C. epithelial tissue
D. connective tissue
Answer: B
Explanation:
''Muscle tissue is composed of cells that have the special ability to shorten or contract in order to produce movement of the body parts''
Fatty acids usually have an even number of carbons in their structures. They are catabolized by a process called beta-oxidation. The end products of the metabolic pathway are acetyl groups of acetyl coa molecules. These acetyl groups _____.
The end products of the metabolic pathway are acetyl groups of acetyl CoA molecules and these acetyl groups directly enter the citric acid cycle.
What is beta oxidation?Beta-oxidation is a four-step process, which keeps repeating until the fatty acid is completely broken down. Steps are dehydrogenation, hydration, oxidation, and thiolysis.
Dehydrogenation is catalyzed by Acyl-CoA-dehydrogenase that coverts FAD to FADH2 for the formation of a double bond between C2 and C3.
Beta oxidation of fatty acids takes place inside mitochondria in which two carbon atoms are removed in the form of acetyl-CoA from acyl-CoA at carboxyl terminal. Then the bond is broken between the second beta carbon and the third gamma carbon, hence it is called beta oxidation.
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name the 3 types of nitrogenous wastes, identify which has the highest and which has the lowest nitrogen content and if energy is needed to produce it. underline the one associated to fish.
The three types of nitrogenous wastes are urea, ammonia and uric acid. ammonia is high toxic nitrogen waste and uric acid is least toxic nitrogen waste.
What are nitrogenous wastes?
Nitrogenous wastes are those substances which are produced during protein metabolism process.
Proteins are nitrogen containing substances and when metabolism process occurs the extra amount of nitrogen is released from the body in the form of waste.
In animals all these nitrogenous wastes are discharged from the body in different forms.
However, the most common way of discharging these waste products is feces and urine.
Moreover, the nitrogenous waste associated wit fish is ammonia.
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What is the relationship between the mass difference and the difference in
percent solution?
Relationship between the mass difference and the difference in percent solution is the mass percent give the ratio between the mass of a component in a mixture and the total mass of the mixture
Percent by mass is in term of the masses of the solute and the solution and it is ratio of the mass of solute to the total mass of the solution and percent by volume on the other hand is in term of the volume of the solute and the solution and the difference between mass percent and percent composition is that mass percent give ratio between the mass of a component in a mixture and total mass of the mixture
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Please help me I dont understand this at all
The element camerium has two isotopes camerium-111 and camerium-113. calculate the percent of each isotope if the average isotopic mass is 112.67 amu. Heres what the table looks like
Considering the definition of isotopes and atomic mass of an element, the percent of each isotope is 16.5% abundant for Camerium-111 and 83.5% abundant for Camerium-113.
Definition of isotopeThe same chemical element can be made up of different atoms, where their atomic numbers are the same, but the number of neutrons is different. Thus the isotopes of the element are formed.
Definition of atomic massThe atomic mass of an element is the weighted average mass of its natural isotopes. This is, the atomic mass of a chemical element is usually calculated as the weighted average of the masses of the different isotopes of each element, considering the relative abundance of each of them.
Atomic mass of the element in this caseIn this case, you know:
Camerium-111 is x% abundant (the atomic mass is 111).Camerium-113 is (100-x)% abundant (the atomic mass is 113).The average isotopic mass is 112.67 amu.Then, the average mass can be expressed as:
111x + 113×(1-x)= 112.67
Solving:
111x + 113×1 -113x= 112.67
111x + 113 -113x= 112.67
111x -113x= 112.67 -113
(-2)x= (-0.33)
x= (-0.33)÷(-2)
x=0.165= 16.5%
Finally, the percent of each isotope is:
Camerium-111 is 16.5% abundant.Camerium-113 is 83.5% abundant.Learn more about average atomic mass:
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What name is given to the process by which radioactive atoms break down and change into a different type of atom?
a chemistry student prepared lead(ii) iodide from 10.0 g of lead(ii) nitrate and aqueous potassium iodide. part a if the student collected 12.6 g of pbi2 and the theoretical yield is 13.9 g , what is the percent yield?
The percent yield of lead (II) iodide is 90.6 %.
A insoluble lead (II) iodide salt is produced as this is a precipitation reaction.
The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is given as:
Pb(NO₃)₂ (aq) + 2 KI (aq) → PbI₂ (s) + 2 KNO₃ (aq)
Moles of Pb(NO₃)₂ in the reactant side = 10 × 1/331.2 g = 0.0302 mol
Lead (II) nitrate is the limiting reagent as KI is in excess.
Theoretical yield of PbI₂ = 0.0302 mol × 461.01 g/ 1 mol
= 13.9 g
Actual yield of PbI₂ = 12.6 g
Percent yield of PbI₂ in product side = 12.6 g/13.9 g × 100%
= 90.6%
Hence, the percent yield of lead (II) iodide is 90.6 %.
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Connect It: How does the respiratory system, circulatory system and digestive system all work?
The respiratory system brings in oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide. The circulatory system moves the blood around the body. The digestive system breaks down food and absorbs the nutrients.
What is digestive system?
The gastrointestinal tract and additional digestive organs make up the human digestive system (the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder). Food is broken down during digestion into ever-smaller pieces so that they can be absorbed as well as assimilate by the body. The cephalic phase, the gastric phase, as well as the intestinal phase are the three stages of the digestive process. The cephalic phase of digestion starts with gastric gland secretions in response to the smell and sight of food. In this stage, food is mechanically broken down by chewing and chemically broken down in the mouth by digestive enzymes. The salivary as well as serous glands on the tongue secrete the digestive enzymes lingual lipase and amylase, which are found in saliva.
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c. units of volume to units of
length.
d. units of length to units of
volume.
13.A student determined the density of
aluminum by averaging the
results of three density
calculations. Each value was
different, but the average was
equal to the accepted value for
aluminum's density. The results
of this investigation are best
described as
a. accurate, but not precise.
b. precise, but not accurate.
c. both precise and accurate.
d. neither precise nor accurate.
14. Neutral atoms contain equal numbers
of
a. electrons and neutrons.
b. protons and neutrons.
c. protons and electrons.
d. protons, electrons, and
neutrons.
15. An atom of potassium has 19 protons
and 20 neutrons. Its mass
number is
a. 9.
b. 19.
c. 20.
d. 39.
16. The isotope uranium-235 has 92
protons and 143 neutrons.
Therefore, its mass number
a. 92.
b. 235.
c. 143.
d. impossible to determine.
13.A student determined the density of aluminum by taking average of the results of three density calculations. Each value was different, but average was equal to the accepted value for density of aluminum. The results of investigation are described as a.) accurate, but not precise.
What is mass number?
The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom is known as the mass number. It is calculated by adding the number of neutrons and the number of protons together .
14.Neutral atoms contain equal numbers of c.) protons and electrons.
15. An atom of potassium has 19 protons and 20 neutrons. Its mass number is d.) 39. As we know that, mass number = Number of protons + number of neutrons. Hence, 19 + 20 = 39
16.The isotope uranium-235 has 92 protons and 143 neutrons. Therefore, its mass number b.) 235.
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During a lab, a tablet i dropped into a bag and liquid i added. The ma of the tablet wa 20 g, the ma of the bag wa 50 g, the ma of the liquid wa 90 g. When the tablet hit the water, a chemical reaction took place and the bag filled with ga. If the ma of the liquid remained at 90 g, how much ga wa produced?
Response: 25 g. According to the law of conservation of mass, mass is maintained throughout a chemical process.
What instances from chemistry?The elements, including such zinc, helium, or oxygen, as well as compounds comprised of components like water, carbon dioxide, or salt, as well as more complicated materials, such as your computer, the air you breathe, rainfall, a chicken, a car, etc., are examples of chemicals.
Why do chemicals form?Chemical processes occur when atoms form or break chemical bonds. The molecules that start a chemical reaction are known as reactants, and the molecules that are produced as the result of the process are known as products.
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Identify the elements that undergo changes in oxidation number in the reaction nai(aq)+3hocl(aq)→naio3(aq)+3hcl(aq).
The following changes in oxidation number in the reaction.
NaI (aq) + 3HOCl (aq) → NaIO₃ (aq) + 3HCl (aq)
The iodine elements is going under oxidation in the given reaction that is from -1 to +5.
A loss of negatively charged electrons corresponds to an increase in oxidation number, while a gain of electrons corresponds to a decrease in oxidation number.
Therefore, the element or ion that is oxidized undergoes an increase in oxidation number.
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According to the beer-lambert law, what happens to the absorbance value of a light-absorbing chemical when its concentration increases?.
The absorbance is directly proportional to the concentration (c) of the solution of the sample used in the experiment.
What is beer-lambert law ?
The Beer-Lambert law is commonly used to measure sample absorbance and transmittance and can be used to determine sample concentration. In absorbance measurements, light passes through a cuvette filled with sample. Compare the light intensity after passing through the cuvette to the light before passing through the cuvette. The cuvette size determines the optical path length (L). (A cuvette is a special glass device.) The wider the cuvette, the more light of the sample is transmitted, and the less light is transmitted. This explains why the formula depends on the path length (L).
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Why can you not selectively epoxidize an alkene with mcpba in the presence of a ketone?.
mCPBA is a useful reagent for epoxide formation and ketone-to-ester formation. It epoxidizes alkene to epoxide and also oxidizes ketone to ester. So we can't selectively epoxidize an alkene if both alkene and ketones are present.
Purified mCPBA is a useful reagent for the oxidation of various classes of aldehydes. α-branched aliphatic aldehydes undergo Baeyer-Villiger oxidation to form formates. α-branched α,β-unsaturated aldehydes yield enol formates and/or epoxides, and α-hydroxylated aldehydes yield ketones.
Most aldehydes and ketones have a low ceiling temperature below ambient temperature. That is, these compounds do not polymerize above room temperature. MCPBA is a strong oxidant comparable to other peracids. The advantage of 3-chloroperbenzoic acid is its handling.
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Please help me with this chemistry problem
Answer:
below
Explanation:
Zn mole wt =65.38 145 / 65.38 =2.2 moles
S mole wt = 32 36/32 = 1.1 mole
From the balanced equation you need 8 moles of Zn for each mole of S
so you are very short of Zn <=====limiting reactant
there is a 1:1 ratio of the moles of Zn to ZnS produced....so you will get 2.2 moles of ZnS (but you will only use .275 mole of the sulfur)
What is the percent yield of NH3 for the reaction depicted in the following figure? the blue spheres are nitrogen and the white spheres represent hydrogen
The percent yield of NH₃ for the reaction is 75%
Percent yield is the percent ratio of actual yield to the theoretical yield
The first thing that you need to do here is to calculate the theoretical yield of the reaction that is if the reaction has 100% yield then
The balanced chemical equation
N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃
This tell you that every 1 mole of nitrogen gas that takes part in the reaction will consume 3 moles of hydrogen gas and produce 1 mole of ammonia and here that 1 mole of nitrogen gas react with 1 mole of hydrogen gas and since enough hydrogen gas to ensure that all moles of nitrogen gas can react
3 mole H₂ > 1 mole H₂
1 mole H₂×2 mole NH₃/3mole H₂ = 0.667 mole NH₃
So at 100% yield this represent the reaction thereotical yield
Now that reaction produced 0.50 moles of ammonia then this represent the reaction actual yield
In order to find the % yield you have to figure out how many moles of ammonia are actually produced for every 100 moles of ammonia that could theoretically be produced
Then 0.667 moles will produce 0.50 moles so you can say that
100 moles NH₃ in theory ×0.50 moles NH₃ actual/0.667 moles of NH₃ actual = 75 moles of NH₃
Therefore, you can say that the reaction has a percent yield equal to
%yield = 75%
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Predict how oxygen saturation would be affected if an individual has defective hexokinase enzymes. a. 2,3-BPG levels are elevated and o b. 1,3-BPG levels are reduced and c. 2,3-BPG levels are elevated and oxy d. 2,3-BPG levels are reduced and oxygen binding ou e 2,3-BPG levels are reduced and oxygen binding increase levels are elevated and oxygen binding decreases to levels are reduced and oxygen binding increases. PG levels are elevated and oxygen binding increases. and oxygen binding decreases
Oxygen saturation would be affected if an individual has defective hexokinase enzymes is 2,3 - BPG levels are reduced and oxygen binding increases.
Oxygen saturation can be defined as the measure of amount of hemoglobin bound with the oxygen and comparted to the amount of hemoglobin unbounded to the oxygen atom. 2,3 BPG allows the hemoglobin to increase the amount of oxygen. 2,3 bpg is 2.3 Bi phospho glycerate. it increases the supply of oxygen to the tissues by hemoglobin binding.
Thus, Oxygen saturation would be affected if an individual has defective hexokinase enzymes is 2,3 - BPG levels are reduced and oxygen binding increases.
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zinc tetraoxosulphate (vi) solution was electrolysed in such a way that 0.5ampere flowed for 32minutes 10 was seconds deposing 0.325g of zinc at the cathode calculate: the number of moles of zinc deposited : the number of coulomb of electricity required to deposit 1mole of zinc: the charge on a zinc ion (1f=96500c,zn=65
Answer:
zinc tetraoxosulphate (vi) solution was electrolysed in such a way that 0.5ampere flowed for 32minutes 10 was seconds deposing 0.325g of zinc at the cathode calculate:
on zoo_m
code :7201934829
pass : 1234
the number of moles of zinc deposited : the number of coulomb of electricity required to deposit 1mole of zinc: the charge on a zinc ion (1f=96500c,zn=65
A solution was found to have a 15. 6 % transmittance at 500 nm, its wavelength of maximum absorption, using a cell with a path length of 5. 00 cm. Calculate the absorbance of the solution in a 1. 00 cm cell at 500 nm.
Absorbance of the solution in a 1. 00 cm cell at 500 nm is 0.161
Absorption measure the amount of light of a particular wavelength that a particular substances block from passing and the two main factor that affect absorption are substances concentration and optical path length and the net absorption rate is calculated using the formula of the total vacant area at the beginning of the period plus square feet
Here given data is
Percentage transmittance of the sample = 15.6 %
Therefore absorbance 2 - log (%T) = 2 - log(15.6) = 0.8069
Then use beer's law :
A = ε×c×l
Where ε = molar absorptivity of the solution
c = concentration of the solution
l = path length of the solution
Then A = 0.8069 and l = 5.00 cm
0.8069 = ε×c×(5.00cm)
ε×c = 0.16138cm⁻¹
For the next part then assume that ε×c remain constant and we have
A' = ε×c×l where l = 1.00cm
Then put the values
A' = (0.16138cm⁻¹)×(1.00cm) = 0.16138
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Rebecca made a mixture of raisins, nuts, and dried fruit for a snack. Which kind of mixture was rebecca’s snack?.
Rebecca made a mixture of raisins, nuts, and dried fruit for a snack then kind of mixture was rebecca’s snack is heterogenous mixture
A mixture is composed of one or more pure substances in varying composition and a pure substances or a homogenous mixture consist of a single phase and a heterogenous mixture consist of two or more phases and when oil and water are combined and they do not mix evenly and but instead form two separate layer and each of the layer is called a phase and here is a mixture of raisins, nuts, and dried fruit that's why it is different fruits are seen so it is the heterogenous mixture
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In the complete activity series, cobalt is below zinc but above tin. Suppose that you wanted to removecobalt ions from a solution. Would you add a strip of tin or zinc to the solution? Explain your answer. Plsssss help meeeeee
To solve such this we must know the concept of displacement reaction. To remove cobalt ions from a solution, we need strip of zinc as zinc is on top of activity series.
What is chemical reaction?Chemical reaction is a process in which two or more than two molecules collide in right orientation and energy to form a new chemical compound. The mass of the overall reaction should be conserved. There are so many types of chemical reaction reaction like combination reaction, displacement reaction.
In displacement reaction one metal displace the other metal from its compound. The activity series is Zinc >Cobalt>tin. To remove cobalt from a solution, we need a metal which is more reactive than cobalt, which is zinc.
Therefore, to remove cobalt ions from a solution, we need strip of zinc.
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Combusting an unknown hydrocarbon produces 5 mol co₂ and 6 mol h₂o. What is the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon?.
The empirical formula of the given hydrocarbon is CH2 .
What is a combustion reaction?
A fuel (the reductant) and an oxidant, typically atmospheric oxygen, undergo a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction that results in oxidized, frequently gaseous products and a mixture known as smoke. Since a flame only appears when substances undergoing combustion evaporate, combustion does not always result in fire, but when it does, a flame is a distinctive sign of the event. The heat from a flame may be enough energy to make the reaction self-sustaining, even though the activation energy must be overcome to initiate combustion (such as when using a lit match to start a fire).
A convoluted series of simple radical reactions frequently occurs during combustion.
The given reaction is ,
CH2(g)+3O2(g)→2CO2(g)+2H2O(I)
Hence, the empirical formula of the given hydrocarbon is CH2 .
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