In your own words, explain how a single molecule of glucose is converted into ~30 or more molecules of ATP in cellular respiration

Answer: Throughout the stages of cellular respiration

Explanation:

Fair warning I'm only a college freshman so you may be able to find more detailed answers than what I'm about to give you.

During cellular respiration there are a number of processes that must be taken into account when dealing with a glucose molecule.

Glycolysis: The molecule of glucose is a  6-carbon molecule, in this process that takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell, it is split into two 3-carbon molecules, these are pyruvates, during this, 2 ATP is made as a byproduct(along with 2 NADH molecules but I'll just focus on the ATP moving forward).

Transformation of pyruvate: For eukaryotic cells, the pyruvate molecules from Glycolysis are transferred into the mitochondria, which of course are sites for cellular respiration. With Oxygen available, aerobic respiration would continue but if not, fermentation would take place which would drastically reduce total ATP reduction throughout one cycle. The pyruvates are transformed into a 2-carbon acetyl group which is then oxidized and now compatible for Coenzyme A to pick up, which results in the compound Acetyl Coenzyme A. This process ends up producing 1 NADH molecule from the reduction of NAD+ due to the 2 carbon molecule being oxidized.

Citric Acid Cycle: This stage begins as soon as Acetyl CoA combines with a 4-carbon molecule called Oxaloacetate which ends up forming citric acid, that has 6-carbon atoms. Long story short the citric acid goes through a great number of reactions that produces a total of 2 ATP molecules.

Oxidative Phosphorylation: This stage of aerobic respiration consists of the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis process. The energy of NADH and FADH2 molecules that were produced in the Citric Acid Cycle is what's used to create the final majority of ATP molecules within this whole process. 1. Throughout the electron transport chain, excited electrons move along its network in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. As it moves, molecules it passes by uses the electrons energy to pump Hydrogen ions/protons from the inner membrane towards the intermembrane space. This transfer of ions creates an electrochemical gradient which is necessary for the synthesis of ATP in the following process, Chemiosmosis. The Electron Transport Chain produces about 2-3 ATP. 2. In Chemiosmosis, the newly formed electrochemical gradient causes the gathered Hydrogen ions to flow from the intermembrane space into the matrix, therefore lowering the its concentration(search up a image of this if you need to). This flow is thanks to and mediated by ATP synthase. Finally ATP synthase accepts 3-4 Hydrogen ions so an inorganic phosphate group can react with an ADP (Adenosine diphosphate) compound to produce one ATP molecule. In total, 24-28 molecules of ATP is formed.

This is how a single molecule of glucose can produce more than 30 molecules of ATP in aerobic cellular respiration. Fermentation on the other hand, would most likely produce half of which aerobic respiration would produce.

Which structure is found in all eukaryotic cells?


flagella


large central vacuole


cilia


Golgi apparatus

which of the following scenarios is least likely to have a detrimental impact on an ecosystem?

A. people fish every species at a slower rate than they can repopulate.

B. people regularly engage in trolling catching numerous species as by catch.

C. people fish sharks for sharks fin soup at a faster rate than they can repopulate.

D. people fish bluefin tuna to the point that they become endangered.​

true or false: the difference in the sun, earth, and moon’s syzygy is why there are different types of eclipses.

The space that an organism in an ecosystem lives in is called a

A) community
B) population
C) habitat
D) niche

Which of the following is a biological hazard?
a) Noise
b) Fiber
c) Mold
d) Dust​

In the GAL gene system, ________ are cis-acting regulatory elements, and the ________ protein is a trans-acting regulatory protein.

7)When a body cell divides through the process of mitosis, the chromosomes in the daughter cells *
10 points
are formed when chromosomes from the parent cell cross over.
are identical to the chromosomes of the parent cell.
represent only the healthiest chromosomes from the parent cell.
represent only half of the chromosomes in the parent cell.

8)Before a cell enters mitosis, what happens to the genetic information in that cell? *
10 points
The information is duplicated.
The information is selectively mutated.
The information is halved.
The information is completely changed.

9)Which of the following best describes how mitosis is related to cellular reproduction? *
10 points
Mitosis is a phase in asexual reproduction that results in the formation of similar, but not identical, nuclei in the daughter cells.
Mitosis is a phase in asexual reproduction that results in the formation of identical nuclei in the daughter cells.
Mitosis is a phase in sexual reproduction that results in the formation of similar, but not identical, nuclei in the daughter cells.
Mitosis is a phase in sexual reproduction that results in the formation of identical nuclei in the daughter cells.10)Which of the following occurs during the interphase stage of the cell cycle? I. DNA is replicated. II. The cell divides. III. The cell grows in size. *
10 points
II only
I and III only
I, II, and III
I and II only

11)A diagram of the cell cycle is shown below. Which of the following statements best describes what happens during the S phase of the cell cycle? *
10 points
Captionless Image
The cell's chromosomes separate.
The contents of the cell divide.
The cell's DNA is replicated.
The cell prepares for mitosis.

12)At a point during a cell's development, it begins to differentiate. How does differentiation occur? *
10 points
Certain genes are turned on and others are turned off; this action produces adult cells that are specialized
As a cell matures, genes that are not necessary to its function are ejected out of the cell through active transport.
The number of chromosomes in the cell is reduced by half; this action triggers the specialization of the cell.
A developing cell's function is determined by the number of organelles that are contained in the cell.

Life Processes
Which one of the following diets would you recommend to patient of high blood pressure?
(a) High sugar, low fat, low salt (b) Low sugar, low fat, low salt
(c) High sugar, high fat, low salt (d) High sugar, low fat, high salt

URGENT MY PROJECT IS DUE TOMORROW

IS CELL REPLICATION BASICALLY MITOSIS?

if a dna strand has the nucleotide sequence of CCGAGTTG, what is the nucleotide sequence of the complementary strand

12. Which is NOT a natural cause of extinction?
A. Disease
B. Catastrophic events
C. Introduction of new species
D. Competition due to overpopulation

24. Which is NOT true about energy transformation?
A. Energy is essential to all organisms.
B. Food contains energy that is needed by all organism.
C. Heterotrophs feed on autotrophs and other heterotrophs to gain energy.
D. Autotrophs do not need energy because they can produce their own food.

23. Which is the CORRECT sequence of events in cellular respiration?
A. Glycolysis - fermentation - Krebs Cycle
B. Glycolysis - Krebs Cycle - Electron Transport
C. Krebs Cycle - Electron Transport - Glycolysis
D. Krebs Cycle - Glycolysis - Electron Transport

2. In humans there are four types of blood; type A, type B, type AB and type O. A person with a genotype of IaIa or Iai will have blood type_____?
A. A
B. B
C. O
D. AB

4. A couple has four children, one son and three daughters. What is the chance that the fifth child will be a daughter?
A. ¼
B. ½
C. ¾
D. 1/5

22. Cellular respiration releases energy by breaking down_______.
A. ATP
B. water
C. carbon dioxide
D. food molecules

5. A man is colorblind but there is no history of this disorder in his wife’s family. What is the chance that their son is color
blind?

A. 0
B. 25%
C. 75%
D. 100%

25. Which BEST summarizes the process of respiration?

A. Water + Carbon Dioxide ( light) sugar + oxygen
B. Sugar + Oxygen (enzymes) water+ carbon dioxide +energy
C. Water + Sugar ( light ) carbon dioxide + oxygen
D. Oxygen + Water (enzymes) sugar + carbon dioxide + energy

1. A father with blood type AB and a mother with blood type O will probably produce offspring with a blood type ___. *
A. A
B. B
C. A or B
D.AB or O

6. What is a sex- linked trait that results in the inability to have normal blood clotting?
A. baldness
B. color blindness
C. diabetes
D. hemophilia

11. What causes species extinction?
A. Pollution and reforestation
B. Reforestation and carbon emission
C. climate change and over consumption
D. conservation and consume

18. The pigment molecules responsible for photosynthesis are located in the _______? *

A. Mitochondria
B. Cytoplasm of the cell
C. Stroma of the chloroplasts
D. Thylakoid membrane of the chloroplasts

13. Which part of a leaf contains most of the chloroplasts?

A. Lower epidermis
B. Palisade mesophyll
C. Spongy mesophyll
D. Upper epidermis

19. At optimum light intensity, which atmospheric gas most directly influences the rate of photosynthesis?
A. Nitrogen
B. Oxygen
C. Sulfur
D. Carbon Dioxide

14. What part of the leaf is this tiny opening in the lower epidermis which makes it rough and responsible for the entrance and exit of gases in plants?

A. xylem
B. phloem
C. stomata
D. guard cells
16. In which part of the chloroplast does light reactions of photosynthesis takes place?

A. Grana
B. Stroma
C. Inner membrane
D. Outer membrane

17. Which is NOT needed to make food in plants?
A. Flower
B. Sunlight
C. Chlorophyll
D. Carbon Dioxid

8. Color-blindness is inherited as a sex-linked recessive trait. If a normal woman, carrier of the gene marries a man with normal color vision. What would be the expected phenotype of their children with reference to color-blindness?
A. All color-blind
B. 2 carriers, 2 color-blind
C. 1 normal, 3 carriers
D. 2 normal, 1 carrier, 1 color-blind

3. Blood type O has both antibodies A and antibodies B in the plasma but has no antigen on its erythrocytes or red blood cells. That is why Blood Type O is considered UNIVERSAL______.
A. Blood
B. Donor
C. Marker
D. Recipient

7. Melvin’s thinning hair is like that of his father. This characteristic of baldness is due to
A. multiple alleles
B. sex-linked
C. sex-influenced
D. sex-limited​​

True or false: Despite the large explanatory ability of evolution, no direct observations of evolution have been made.

meaning of Natality Rate

How does NADP*+ become NADPH?

What are the parts of a leaf (plant cell) involved in photosynthesis?

I'll mark brainliest, please, I need it!
The following diagram shows the branching tree for four kingdoms and some of their shared derived characteristics.

A slanting line is shown. There are four lines drawn vertically on this line at equal intervals. There is a black circle between each pair of these vertical lines. Protists, Plants, Fungi, Animals are written on top of each vertical line in order from left to right. Common Cell is written on the left most end of the sloping line. The second black circle has Mostly Multicellular written on it. The first black circle has X written on it.

What shared characteristic can be written at point X? Use complete sentences to explain your answer.

All of the components in the list below exist in either the mitochondria, the chloroplast or they can be found in either. Match up the components to the organelle in which they exist.

A person wakes up at the same time every day and always feels hungry shortly after he wakes up. These two events would correspond with the

a. pineal gland controlling calcitonin, followed by thyroid gland controlling thyroid hormone

b. pineal gland controlling melatonin, followed by thyroid gland controlling thyroid hormone

c. pineal gland controlling melatonin, followed by parathyroid gland controlling thyroid hormone

d. pineal gland controlling melatonin, followed by thyroid gland controlling parathyroid hormone

When we inhale what do we bring in?

Which processes contribute to the formation of chemical sedimentary rocks?

Organisms decay in a solution.
Minerals dissolve and crystalize.
Rock fragments squeeze together.
The remains of plants and animals

1.
Choose which of Newton’s laws of motion is occurring in the boundary type’s situation.

Two plates that slide past each other build up stress that is released as an earthquake.
1st Law of Motion
2nd Law of Motion
3rd Law of Motion

how do you use fossils to see change

Describe how the Earth’s surface changed over time?

Q2.A cook prepares a fresh fruit salad by cutting up a variety of fruits and placing them in a bowl
with layers of sugar in between. After two hours the fruit is surrounded by syrup
(concentrated sugar solution)
freshly-prepared fruit salad
Explain, as fully as you can, why syrup (concentrated sugar solution) was produced after
two hours.

glucose molecules are to starch as ________ are to proteins.

Why can populations of invasive species increase rapidly in new environments

The type of fossil fuel made from the remains of ancient plants that lived millions of years ago is A. peat B. coal C. oil D. natural gas E. synfuel

1. Which of the following can cause a short circuit? A.When a wire breaks B.When theh insulation around a wire is frayed C.When the battery runs out of electricity D.When there is no resistor in the circuit.​

describe 4 nations with high standard of living​

Two investors are each issued one bond with the same face value, maturity date, and yield. After both bonds have reached
maturity, it is discovered that one of the bondholders received a greater total return on her investment. If all expected payments
were received, which of the following could explain the difference in return? (1 point)