Let S2 = {a = (a1,a2,a3) ∈ R3 | a1a2 + 2a3 = 0}. If y = (y1,y2,y3) ∈ S2 and z = (z1,z2,z3) ∈ S2, is y + z ∈ S2? Justify your answer.

If the number of views grows according to an exponential model, then the formula for the total number of views (V) the video will have after t days can be expressed as:
V(t) = A * e^(kt)

where A is the initial number of views, e is Euler's number (approximately equal to 2.71828), k is the growth rate constant, and t is the time in days.

In this formula, the exponential function e^(kt) represents the growth factor of the video views over time. The larger the value of k, the faster the video views grow over time. On the other hand, the value of A represents the initial number of views at t=0, and it determines the vertical shift of the exponential function.

Therefore, the formula for the total number of views (V) the video will have after t days, assuming an exponential model, is:

V(t) = A * e^(kt)

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The completed table for collecting like terms is found in the attachment and the final answer is -2 + 3x.

The Distributive Property, Associative Property, and Commutative Property are properties of arithmetic operations that help to simplify mathematical expressions and equations.

Distributive Property:

The Distributive Property states that when we multiply a number by a sum or difference of two or more terms, we can distribute the multiplication over each term inside the parentheses. The formal statement is:

a × (b + c) = (a × b) + (a × c)

a × (b - c) = (a × b) - (a × c)

For example, if we have the expression 3(x + 2), we can distribute the 3 over the sum inside the parentheses to get:

3(x + 2) = 3x + 6

Associative Property:

The Associative Property states that when we add or multiply three or more numbers, we can group them in any way we want, without changing the result. The formal statements are:

(a + b) + c = a + (b + c)

(a × b) × c = a × (b × c)

Commutative Property:

The Commutative Property states that when we add or multiply two numbers, we can switch their order, without changing the result. The formal statements are:

a + b = b + a

a × b = b × a

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To determine whether a set of solutions for a linear homogeneous differential equation is linearly dependent or not, follow these steps:

1. Identify the given solutions: Let's assume the given solutions are y1(t), y2(t), ..., yn(t).

2. Create the Wronskian: The Wronskian is a determinant used to test the linear dependence of solutions. For n solutions, it is an n x n determinant with the ith row containing the ith derivative of the solutions for i = 0, 1, ..., n-1.

3. Compute the Wronskian: Evaluate the determinant by following the standard methods for calculating determinants, such as cofactor expansion or row reduction.

4. Determine linear dependence: If the Wronskian is identically zero (i.e., it is zero for all values of t), then the set of solutions is linearly dependent. If the Wronskian is nonzero for at least one value of t, the set of solutions is linearly independent.

By following these steps, you can determine if the given set of solutions for a linear homogeneous differential equation is linearly dependent or linearly independent.

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Answer:

a: 268 [tex]in^{3}[/tex]

b: 904 [tex]in^{3}[/tex]

Step-by-step explanation:

Volume of a sphere: [tex]\frac{4}{3} \pi r^3[/tex]

a: [tex]\frac{4}{3} (3.14)(4)^3[/tex] = 267.95

b: r = 12/2 = 6

  [tex]\frac{4}{3} (3.14)(6)^3[/tex] = 904.32

Answer:

27  , 29

Step-by-step explanation:

Consecutive odd numbers means that, if the lesser number is denoted by the variable, x, that the given equation is:

[tex](x) + (x + 2) = 56[/tex]

Solve. First, combine like terms, then isolate the variable, x:

[tex]x + x + 2 = 56\\(x + x) + 2 = 56\\2x + 2 = 56[/tex]

Do the opposite of PEMDAS. PEMDAS is the order of operations, and stands for:

Parenthesis

Exponents (& Roots)

Multiplications

Divisions

Additions

Subtractions

~

First, subtract 2 from both sides of the equation:

[tex]2x + 2 = 56\\2x + 2 (-2) = 56 (-2)\\2x = 56 - 2\\2x = 54[/tex]

Next, divide 2 from both sides of the equation:

[tex]2x = 54\\\frac{(2x)}{2} = \frac{(54)}{2}\\ x = \frac{54}{2}\\ x = 27[/tex]

Next, solve for the consecutive odd number. Plug in 27 for x:

[tex](x) = 27\\(x) + 2 = (27) + 2 = 29[/tex]

Check. Add 27 with 29:

[tex]27 + 29 = 56\\56 = 56\\\therefore 27 , 29[/tex]

27 , 29 is your answer.

~

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For the sequence 2 3 5 4 3 6 4 3. 56 6 5 4:

The minimum number is 2

The maximum number is 6

The range is 6 - 2 = 4

So the range of the sequence 2 3 5 4 3 6 4 3. 56 6 5 4 is 4.

if 80% of a number is x, then 100% of the number is 1.25x

From the question, we have the following parameters that can be used in our computation:

80% of a number is x

Represent the number with y

So, we have the following representation

80% of y is x

Express as a product expression

So, we have the following representation

80% * y = x

Divide both sides by 80%

This gives

y = x/80%

Evaluate the quotient

y = 1.25x

Hence, 100% of the number is 1.25x

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The E[NT] c)Find the Var (NT)  is 3/4.

a) To find P[NNTT = n], we can use the probability mass function (PMF) of the geometric distribution, which is given by:

P[N = k] = (1-p)^(k-1) * p

where p is the probability of success and k is the number of trials until the first success.

In this case, since N has a mean of 2, we know that p = 1/2, since the expected value of a geometric distribution with parameter p is 1/p. Therefore, we can write:

P[NNTT = n] = P[N = n] * P[N = n-1] * P[T] * P[T]

where P[T] is the probability of getting a T, which is 1/2.

Using the PMF of the geometric distribution, we can compute P[N = k] as:

P[N = k] = (1-p)^(k-1) * p

= (1-1/2)^(k-1) * 1/2

= 1/2^k

Therefore, we have:

P[NNTT = 1] = 0 (since we need at least two trials to get NNTT)

P[NNTT = 2] = P[N = 1] * P[N = 1] * P[T] * P[T] = 1/2 * 1/2 * 1/2 * 1/2 = 1/16

P[NNTT = 3] = P[N = 2] * P[N = 1] * P[T] * P[T] = 1/4 * 1/2 * 1/2 * 1/2 = 1/32

P[NNTT = 4] = P[N = 3] * P[N = 2] * P[T] * P[T] = 1/8 * 1/4 * 1/2 * 1/2 = 1/64

and so on.

b) To find E[NT], we can use the formula for the expected value of a geometric distribution, which is 1/p. In this case, since p = 1/2, we have:

E[N] = 1/p = 2

Therefore, E[NT] = E[N] + E[T] = 2 + 1/2 = 5/2.

c) To find Var(NT), we can use the formula for the variance of a geometric distribution, which is (1-p)/p^2. In this case, we have:

Var(N) = (1-p)/p^2 = (1-1/2)/(1/2)^2 = 2

Var(T) = (1/2)*(1/2) = 1/4

Therefore, Var(NT) = Var(N)E[T]^2 + Var(T)E[N]^2 = 2*(1/2)^2 + (1/4)*2^2 = 3/4.

d) To find P[NM], we need to know the value of M, which is not given in the problem statement. Therefore, we cannot compute P[NM] without additional information about M.

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The following parts can be answered by the concept of Matrix.

(a) If A is a 3 × 5 matrix, then the rank of A is at most 3. This is because the rank is the maximum number of linearly independent rows (or columns) in a matrix, and since A has only 3 rows, it cannot have more than 3 linearly independent rows.

(b) If A is a 3 × 5 matrix, then the nullity of A is at most 5. The nullity is the dimension of the null space of A, which is the space of all solutions to the homogeneous system Ax = 0. The number of variables in this system is equal to the number of columns in A, which is 5. Therefore, the nullity cannot exceed 5.

(c) If A is a 3 × 5 matrix, then the rank of AT (A transpose) is at most 3. When transposing A, the number of rows and columns are switched, making AT a 5 × 3 matrix. The rank is still the maximum number of linearly independent rows (or columns), so the rank of AT cannot be more than the number of rows in AT, which is 3.

(d) If A is a 3 × 5 matrix, then the nullity of AT (A transpose) is at most 5. Since AT is a 5 × 3 matrix, the nullity corresponds to the dimension of the null space for the homogeneous system ATx = 0, with 3 variables. By the rank-nullity theorem, the rank plus the nullity of a matrix equals the number of columns in the matrix.

Therefore, the nullity of AT is at most 5, as the number of columns in A is 5.

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The geometry of the fold is asymmetric.

The term "geometry of the fold" refers to the spatial arrangement or shape of a fold in rock layers. In this case, the fold is described as asymmetric. This means that the fold does not exhibit symmetry or balance in its shape, and one limb of the fold is steeper or has a different shape compared to the other limb.

The term "asymmetric" in geology typically refers to folds that have limbs with different angles of inclination or curvature. Therefore, based on the given options, the correct answer is "C. asymmetric."

Therefore, the correct answer is: A. asymmetric

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The geometry of the fold is asymmetric.

The term "geometry of the fold" refers to the spatial arrangement or shape of a fold in rock layers. In this case, the fold is described as asymmetric. This means that the fold does not exhibit symmetry or balance in its shape, and one limb of the fold is steeper or has a different shape compared to the other limb.

The term "asymmetric" in geology typically refers to folds that have limbs with different angles of inclination or curvature. Therefore, based on the given options, the correct answer is "C. asymmetric."

Therefore, the correct answer is: A. asymmetric

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[tex]\underset{ \textit{angle in degrees} }{\textit{area of a regular polygon}}\\\\ A=\cfrac{nR^2}{2}\cdot \sin\left( \frac{360}{n} \right) ~~ \begin{cases} n=sides\\ R=\stackrel{\textit{radius of}}{circumcircle}\\[-0.5em] \hrulefill\\ n=8\\ a=17 \end{cases}\implies A=\cfrac{(8)(6)^2}{2}\cdot \sin\left( \frac{360}{8} \right) \\\\\\ A=144\sin(45^o)\implies A\approx 101.8[/tex]

Make sure your calculator is in Degree mode.

Correct answer is c. the temperature is too warm When the temperature is warm, it can cause a higher rate of evaporation, which increases humidity.

If a device shows that a place has high humidity but there are no clouds in the sky, you can say that it is because the temperature is too warm. High humidity occurs when the air is holding a lot of moisture, and warm air can hold more moisture than cool air.

As the temperature rises, the air can hold more and more moisture until it reaches a point where it becomes saturated, leading to high humidity. Therefore, if there are no clouds in the sky, it is likely that the temperature is high and causing the high humidity reading.

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The options  that follow an exponential pattern are:

A.  Division of skin cells every half hour.

C. y = 4 * 3^(x)

An exponential function is defined as one which gradually increases or decreases by a constant rate.

A) Division of skin cells every half hour.

It will determine a exponential pattern since it could be represented in the form of:

y = ab^(x)

where:

a is the initial amount of skin cells and also the number of skin cells  decreases by a constant rate in every half hour.

Thus, option: A is correct.

B) y = x²

It is not a exponential function.

It is a quadratic function.

Thus, option: B is incorrect.

C) y = 4 * 3^(x)

It is a exponential function.

Since it is represented in the form of:

y = ab^(x)

Thus, option: C is correct.

D) From the given table we could see that this represent a linear function and not exponential since the values are increasing by a fixed rate i.e. 3

Thus, option D is incorrect.

E) You are driving at a constant rate of 55 mph.

This situation will represent a linear function or we may say a constant function.

Thus, option E is incorrect.

F) y = 2x³

It represent a cubic function and not exponential.

Hence, option: F is incorrect.

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The producer's surplus at the equilibrium price of 259 per unit is 882. Here, the supply function for a good is p = 4x^2 + 18x + 7, and the equilibrium price is 259 per unit, we need to find the producer's surplus.

Step 1: The equilibrium quantity (x) by setting the supply function equal to the equilibrium price:
259 = 4x^2 + 18x + 7
Step 2: Solve for x:
4x^2 + 18x + 7 - 259 = 0
4x^2 + 18x - 252 = 0
Using the quadratic formula or factoring, we find that x = 7 (the positive equilibrium quantity).
Step 3: Calculate the producer's surplus. The producer's surplus is the area between the supply curve and the equilibrium price, up to the equilibrium quantity:
Producer's Surplus = 0.5 * (base) * (height)
Base = equilibrium quantity = 7
Height = equilibrium price - supply price at x = 0 (the intercept of the supply curve)
Height = 259 - (4 * 0^2 + 18 * 0 + 7) = 259 - 7 = 252
Step 4: Plug in the values to calculate the producer's surplus:
Producer's Surplus = 0.5 * 7 * 252 = 882
So, the producer's surplus at the equilibrium price of 259 per unit is 882.

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The first statement is false  2) true 3) true 4) false 5) true

The orthogonal projection p of y onto a subspace W does not depend on the orthogonal basis for W used to compute p, as the projection is unique.

1. False. The orthogonal projection p of y onto a subspace W does not depend on the orthogonal basis for W used to compute p, as the projection is unique.

2. True. If the columns of an n x p matrix U are orthonormal, then UUTy is indeed the orthogonal projection of y onto the column space of U.

3. True. For each y and each subspace W, the vector y - projw(y) is orthogonal to W, as this is the property of orthogonal projections.

4. False. If z is orthogonal to u1 and u2, and W = span(u1, u2), it implies that z is orthogonal to W, not that z must be in W.

5. True. If y is in a subspace W, then the orthogonal projection of y onto W is y itself, as y is already in the subspace and doesn't need to be projected.

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The two consecutive integers are -6 and -5

Algebraic expressions are defined as expressions that are composed of coefficients, terms, variables, constants and factors.

Algebraic expressions are also made up of mathematical operations, such as;

From the information given;

Let the consecutive integers

x and x + 1

Then, we get;

5x = 6(x + 1)

expand the bracket

5x = 6x + 6

collect the like terms

-x = 6

x = -6

x + 1 = -6 + 1 = -5

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The area of the figure is 141.5 units²

The space enclosed by the boundary of a plane figure is called its area. The area is measured in units².

The figure can be sub divided into 3 parts,

The first part is a rectangle,

Area of rectangle = l× w

= 6× 8

= 48units²

The second part is also a rectangle

The area of a rectangle = l×w

= 5 × 11

= 55 unit²

The third part is a triangle

area of a triangle = 1/2 bh

= 1/2 × 11 × 7

= 77/2 = 38.5 units²

therefore the area of the figure = 38.5 + 55+48

= 141.5 units²

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The probability of no Hispanic being selected is 0.0496 (rounded to four decimal places).

Probability is a branch of mathematics that deals with the study of random events or experiments, and the likelihood or chance of their occurrence. It is a measure of the degree of certainty or uncertainty of an event, expressed as a number between 0 and 1, where 0 indicates that the event will not occur and 1 indicates that the event is certain to occur.

We can model the number of Hispanics selected as jurors with a binomial distribution, where n=8 is the number of trials (selecting jurors), and [tex]$p=0.44$[/tex] is the probability of success (selecting a Hispanic juror).

The probability of selecting no Hispanic jurors is given by:

[tex]$P(X=0) = \binom{8}{0}(0.44)^0(1-0.44)^8 \approx 0.0496$[/tex]

So the probability of no Hispanic being selected is 0.0496 (rounded to four decimal places).

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The probability of no Hispanic being selected is 0.0496 (rounded to four decimal places).

Probability is a branch of mathematics that deals with the study of random events or experiments, and the likelihood or chance of their occurrence. It is a measure of the degree of certainty or uncertainty of an event, expressed as a number between 0 and 1, where 0 indicates that the event will not occur and 1 indicates that the event is certain to occur.

We can model the number of Hispanics selected as jurors with a binomial distribution, where n=8 is the number of trials (selecting jurors), and [tex]$p=0.44$[/tex] is the probability of success (selecting a Hispanic juror).

The probability of selecting no Hispanic jurors is given by:

[tex]$P(X=0) = \binom{8}{0}(0.44)^0(1-0.44)^8 \approx 0.0496$[/tex]

So the probability of no Hispanic being selected is 0.0496 (rounded to four decimal places).

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The values are:

To calculate the interest saved by the extra payment, we need to compare the total interest paid with and without the extra payment. We can start by calculating the various parameters of the mortgage:

N = 25*12 = 300 (total number of payments)

1% = 0.01 (monthly interest rate)

PV = $295,000 (present value or principal)

PMT = $1,639.71 (monthly payment)

P/Y = 12 (payments per year)

C/Y = 12 (compounding periods per year)

Using the above values, we can calculate the total interest paid over the 25-year period without the extra payment:

interest= (PMT * N) - PV

Total interest paid = ($1,639.71 * 300) - $295,000

Total interest paid = $170,313.65

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The given statement is "You are more likely to make a Type II error with a t-test than with a comparable z-test." can either be true or false because it depends on the sample size and the underlying population distribution.




A t-test is used when the population standard deviation is unknown and is estimated from the sample data.

The t-distribution is used to account for the uncertainty in estimating the population standard deviation. As the sample size increases, the t-distribution approaches the z-distribution (or standard normal distribution).

A z-test is used when the population standard deviation is known or the sample size is large. It uses the standard normal distribution for hypothesis testing.

When the sample size is small and the underlying population distribution is non-normal, a t-test may have a higher chance of making a Type II error compared to a z-test.

However, when the sample size is large or the underlying population is normally distributed, the difference in the likelihood of making a Type II error between the two tests becomes negligible.

In summary, whether you are more likely to make a Type II error with a t-test than with a comparable z-test depends on the sample size and the underlying population distribution.

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Note that the graph of y=g(x) -6 where g(x) = -x is represented by the funciton y = -x-6. See graph attached.

The graph of the function g(x) = -x is a straight line passing through the origin with a slope of -1.

To find the graph of y = g(x) - 6, we need to shift the graph of g(x) downward by 6 units.

This can be done by subtracting 6 from the y-coordinate of every point on the graph of g(x).

Therefore, the graph of y = g(x) - 6 is obtained by shifting the graph of g(x) downward by 6 units. The resulting graph is a straight line passing through the point (0, -6) with a slope of -1.

Where the function is y = -x - 6

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(a) 136.88 ± 3.71

(b) 136.88 ± 2.02

(c) The 70% confidence interval is narrower than the 95% confidence interval.

a. To calculate a 95% confidence interval for the mean weight of all U.S. women who are 5 ft 4 in. tall and in the age group 18-24 years, we can use the formula for a confidence interval for the mean:

Confidence interval = sample mean ± critical value * (standard deviation / square root of sample size)

The critical value for a 95% confidence interval for a normally distributed population is 1.96. Given that the sample mean is 136.88 lbs, the standard deviation is 12.0 lbs, and the sample size is 40, we can plug in these values to calculate the confidence interval:

Confidence interval = 136.88 ± 1.96 * (12.0 / sqrt(40))

Confidence interval = 136.88 ± 3.71

So the 95% confidence interval for the mean weight of all U.S. women who are 5 ft 4 in. tall and in the age group 18-24 years is (133.17 lbs, 140.59 lbs).

b. To calculate a 70% confidence interval, we can use the same formula, but with a different critical value. The critical value for a 70% confidence interval for a normally distributed population is 1.04. Plugging in the given values:

Confidence interval = 136.88 ± 1.04 * (12.0 / sqrt(40))

Confidence interval = 136.88 ± 2.02

So the 70% confidence interval for the mean weight of all U.S. women who are 5 ft 4 in. tall and in the age group 18-24 years is (134.86 lbs, 138.90 lbs).

(c) The interpretation of the 70% confidence interval for the mean weight of U.S. women aged 18-24 and 5 ft 4 in. tall is that it is narrower than the 95% confidence interval, indicating a higher level of certainty (70% confidence) that the true population mean weight falls within the narrower range of (134.86 lbs, 138.90 lbs), compared to the wider range of (133.17 lbs, 140.59 lbs) in the 95% confidence interval. This means that as the confidence level decreases, the confidence interval becomes narrower, providing a more precise estimate of the true population mean. However, a lower confidence level also implies a higher risk of the true population mean falling outside the narrower confidence interval."

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There are 1326 different 2-card hands that can be selected from a standard deck of 52 cards, determined by using the formula for combinations.

Let us assumes that each card is equally likely to be drawn and that the deck is well-shuffled. To determine the number of different 2-card hands that can be selected from a standard deck of 52 cards, we use the formula for combination. We want to choose 2 cards out of 52, so the formula is

C(52, 2) = 52! / (2! * (52-2)!) = 52 * 51 / 2 = 1326

Therefore, there are 1326 different 2-card hands that can be selected from a deck of 52 cards.

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In the given equation, [tex]\frac{(a^x)^{2}}{b^{5-x}} \times \frac{b^{y - 4}}{a^{y}} = a^2b^4[/tex], the value of x and y is x = 5 and y = 8

From the question, we are to determine the value of x and y in the given equation.

The given equation is

[tex]\frac{(a^x)^{2}}{b^{5-x}} \times \frac{b^{y - 4}}{a^{y}} = a^2b^4[/tex]

To determine the value of x and y, we will simplify the left hand side of the equation and then compare to the right hand side of the equation

The equation can written as

[tex]\frac{(a^x)^2}{a^{y}} \times \frac{b^{y - 4}}{b^{5-x}} = a^2b^4[/tex]

[tex]\frac{(a^{2x})}{a^{y}} \times \frac{b^{y - 4}}{b^{5-x}} = a^2b^4[/tex]

[tex]a^{2x - y}\times b^{y - 4 -(5-x) = a^2b^4[/tex]

Simplify

[tex]a^{2x - y}\times b^{y - 4 -5+x = a^2b^4[/tex]

[tex]a^{2x - y}\times b^{x+y - 9} = a^2b^4[/tex]

By comparison

[tex]2x - y = 2\\x + y - 9 =4[/tex]

Thus,

2x - y = 2

x + y = 4 + 9

and

2x - y = 2

x + y = 13

Solve the equations simultaneously

2x - y = 2

x + y = 13

Adding the two equations, we get:

3x = 15

Dividing both sides by 3, we get:

x = 5

Substituting this value of x into the second equation, we get:

5 + y = 13

Subtracting 5 from both sides, we get:

y = 8

Hence, the solution is:

x = 5, y = 8

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Answer: (a, b)

Step-by-step explanation:

the notation f(x) = .... refers that plugging "x" into the function gives us a value which we call "f(x)". so the "plugged in" value is a, and the "spit out
value is b. So in terms of points, (x,y), it will be (a,b)

The length of the arc s as required to be determined in the task content is; 17.5 cm.

It follows from the task content that the length of the arc s is to be determined from the given information.

By observation, the angle subtended at the center of the two concentric circles is same for the 2cm and 5 cm radius circles.

Therefore, it follows from proportion that the length of an arc is directly proportional to the radius of the containing circle.

Therefore, the ratio which holds is;

s / 5 = 7 / 2

s = (7 × 5) / 2

s = 17.5 cm.

Ultimately, the length of the arc s is; 17.5 cm.

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Answer:

1. 15.72m²

2. 48dm²

3. 4m²

Step-by-step explanation:

1.

area of unshaded circle=

r=3m. πr^2. (22/7)×3×3= 28.29

area of shaded circle

radius= total radius- unshaded circle radius

r=5m-3m = 2m

Area= πr^2. (22/7)×2×2= 12.57

therefore area= unshaded-shaded

28.29-12.57= 15.72

2.

area of unshaded= area of square = L²

8×8=64

area of shaded= length= 8-2-2= 4

4×4= 16

total area =

64-16= 48

3.

area of triangle= (b×h)/2

(7×6)/2= 42/2= 12

area of rectangle= L×b

4×2= 8

area=12-8= 4

Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

-11 -(23)+(-6)-(+2)-5+1

-11 - 23 - 6 - 2 - 5 + 1

-47 + 1

-46

The correct statement is:

The vector parametrization of the line is:

To determine whether points P = (4, 11, 25) or Q = (-1, 6, 16) lie on the path r = (1 + t, 2 + t², t⁴), we can substitute the values of P and Q into the parametric equations of r(t) and see if they satisfy the equations.

For point P = (4, 11, 25):

Substituting into r(t):

x = 1 + t

y = 2 + t²

z = t⁴

Comparing with P = (4, 11, 25), we see that all the coordinates match. Therefore, point P lies on the path of r(t).

For point Q = (-1, 6, 16):

Substituting into r(t):

x = 1 + t

y = 2 + t²

z = t⁴

Comparing with Q = (-1, 6, 16), we see that none of the coordinates match. Therefore, point Q does not lie on the path of r(t).

So, the correct statement is:

Point P lies on the path of r(t).

Point Q does not lie on the path of r(t).

To find a vector parametrization of the line through P = (3, 7, 4) in the direction v = (7, -8, 4), we can use the point-direction form of a parametric equation for a line:

r(t) = P + t * v

Substituting the values of P and v, we get:

r(t) = (3, 7, 4) + t * (7, -8, 4)

So the vector parametrization of the line is:

x = 3 + 7t

y = 7 - 8t

z = 4 + 4t

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