The IR absorption frequencies of the functional groups is follows 3000-3300-Sp2 C-H stretching; 1500-1800-C=O stretching; 1400 -1500-Aromatic C=C stretching; 600-900-Alkene =C-H bending.
A number of steps are used to demonstrate the base-catalyzed aldol condensation synthesis of dibenzalacetone. The electrophilic carbonyl carbon in benzaldehyde is attacked in step one by an acetone anion acting as a nucleophile, resulting in the formation of a hydroxyl ketone.
After the hydroxide exits in step two, a double bond is created. The active nucleophile then transforms into an intermediate and attacks a benzaldehyde to create the second hydroxyl ketone.
In step three, the reaction is repeated, resulting in the formation of a second double bond, dibenzalacetone. There are three possible isomers of dibenzalacetone. Trans, trans (E,E), trans, cis (E,Z), and cis, cis are the three distinct isomers (Z,Z).
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It takes 547 kJ to remove one mole of electrons from the atoms at the surface of a solid metal.
What is the maximum wavelength of light capable of doing this?
According to the relation of variables in the electromagnetic spectrum the maximum wavelength of light is 36.3 ×10[tex]^-[/tex]³¹ m.
What is electromagnetic spectrum ?The electromagnetic spectrum consists of electromagnetic radiation consists of waves made up of electromagnetic field which are capable of propogating through space and carry the radiant electromagnetic energy.
The radiation are composed of electromagnetic waves which are synchronized oscillations of electric and magnetic fields . They are created due to change which is periodic in electric as well as magnetic fields.
In the given problem,energy is related to wavelength by the formula, λ=hc/E,λ=6.626×10[tex]^-34[/tex]×3×10⁸/547×1000=36.3×10[tex]^-31[/tex] m.
Thus, the maximum wavelength of light is 36.3×10[tex]^-31[/tex] m.
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How do you calculate RMS current?
To calculate the RMS current, Divide the RMS voltage by the impedance.
What is RMS value?
In science and its applications, the root mean square of a bunch of numbers is characterized as the square foundation of the mean square (math mean of squares) of that set. RMS, likewise called root mean square, is a unique instance of summed up mean. The RMS worth of a constantly shifting capability can be characterized as the fundamental of the square of the momentary worth north of one cycle.
For AC current, RMS rises to the worth of steady DC current that delivers a similar power utilization with a resistive burden. In assessment hypothesis, the root mean square mistake of an assessor is a proportion of the blemish of the assessor's fit to the information.
Therefore, To calculate the RMS current, Divide the RMS voltage by the impedance.
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What is the purpose of the proton H+) concentration gradient created across the mitochondrial membrane?
The electrochemical proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane is basically used to drive ATP synthesis during the critical process of oxidative phosphorylation.
In a mitochondrial membrane, a proton gradient is formed when the proton concentration outside the membrane is greater than the inner membrane which is inside the membrane. The gradient develops as a result of the respiration's electron transport chain.
The electrochemical proton gradient drives ATP synthesis via the enzyme ATP synthase. ADP and Pi are combined to generate an ATP molecule because protons pass via the enzyme ATP synthase. Protons flow down towards their concentration gradient into the matrix via membrane protein ATP synthase which causes it to spin (like a water wheel) and catalyze conversion of ADP to ATP.
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a photon with energy 2.92 ev is absorbed by a hydrogen atom. (a) find the minimum n for a hydrogen atom that can be ionized by such a photon. 3 correct: your answer is correct. (b) find the speed of the electron released from the state in part (a) when it is far from the nucleus. incorrect: your answer is incorrect.
The electron will be released from the atom and become ionized if a photon has greater energy than the electron's binding energy.
How much photon energy does a hydrogen atom require to ionize before it leaves its ground state?E1=13.6 eV is the minimal amount of energy needed to break free of the ground state. E 1 = 13.6 e V . Here, E stands for the overall energy needed to ionize an atom of hydrogen.
What energy level does a photon need to be at in order to ionize a hydrogen atom from the n 3 energy level?The formula En=2.181018n2 J/atom denotes the minimal amount of energy required to ionize an electron from a hydrogen atom's nth Bohr orbit in Joules per atom.
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Draw a Lewis structure for NHF2 in which the central N atom obeys the octet rule, and answer the following questions based on your drawing.The number of unshared pairs (lone pairs) on the central N atom is:The central N atom forms ______ single bonds.The central N atom forms ______ double bonds.Draw a Lewis structure for CO2 in which the central C atom obeys the octet rule, and answer the following questions based on your drawing.The number of unshared pairs (lone pairs) on the central C atom is:The central C atom forms ____ single bonds.The central C atom forms ____ double bonds.
The formation of molecule can easily be shown by drawing Lewis dot structure. Since atom's Lewis dot structure has three dots. Therefore, the number of unshared electron on N is 2 and shared electrons is 6.
What is Lewis dot structure?Lewis dot structure is a way to represent the valence electron of an element in the form of dot. These are mainly beneficial in understanding the chemical formula of covalent compound.
In compound NHF[tex]_2[/tex], N belongs to group 15 with 5 electrons. 3 electrons will be used in making bond with one electron of F and one electron of H. Now 2 electrons are left on the N. So now N has 1 lone pair and 3 bond pair. The geometry will be tetrahedral and shape will be pyramidal.
Therefore, the number of unshared electron on N is 2 and shared electrons is 6.
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Nobelium 259 has a half life of 60 minutes. How much remains of a 3,000kg sample after 12 hours?
The 3000 Kg of the nobelium sample with a half life of 60 minutes decays to 1.0 1 Kg after 12 hours.
What is half life?Half life of a radioactive isotope is the time taken to decay half of its initial amount. The half life is related with the decay constant k by the expression:
k = 0.693/t1/2.
Given the t1/2 of the nobelium sample is 60 minutes.
Thus k = 0.693/60 min = 0.011 min⁻¹
time take for the decay = 12 hrs = 720 minutes.
initial amount = 3000 Kg.
Thus, k= 1/t ln (N0/Nt)
0.011 min⁻¹ = 1/720 min ln (3000/Nt)
Nt = 1.01 Kg.
Therefore, 1.01 Kg of nobelium sample will remain after 12 hours.
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Is freezing point elevation or depression?
Freezing point depression is the reduction in the freezing point of a liquid caused by the addition of a non-volatile solute.
What is non-volatile solute?A non-volatile solute is a molecule or compound which does not easily vaporize at a given temperature and pressure. This type of solute does not evaporate into the air and instead remains in solution. Common examples of non-volatile solutes are salts, sugar, acids, bases, proteins, and other molecules. In comparison to volatile solutes, non-volatile solutes tend to remain in solution and are not readily removed by evaporation. This type of solute is also known as a “non-volatile ion”. Non-volatile solutes can be beneficial in certain applications, such as in food preservation, as they are able to provide flavor, color, and texture to food products. Non-volatile solutes can also be used in chemical engineering and pharmaceutical processes, as they can help control pH levels, improve solubility, and enhance stability of products.
When a non-volatile solute is added to a solvent, the vapor pressure of the solvent decreases, and the freezing point of the solvent is depressed. The freezing point is the temperature at which the liquid phase of a substance changes to the solid phase.
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Which gas can turn blue litmus paper to red?
A. Inert gases
B. Oxygen
C. Nitrogen
D. Carbon Dioxide
And why???
4A1+30₂ → 2Al₂O3
6.0 mol Al can form 3.0 mol Al2O3.
4.0 mol O2 can form 2.7 mol Al2O3.
Which reactant is limiting (forms less
product)?
2) 0₂
1) Al
4A1+30₂ → 2Al₂O3,6.0 mol Al can form 3.0 mol Al2O3 and 4.0 mol O2 can form 2.7 mol Al2O3. Oxygen reactant is limiting. Therefore, option 2 is correct.
What is limiting reactant ?The limiting reagent is a substance that prevents a chemical reaction from occurring completely. When a limiting reagent is used in a chemical reaction, the atoms, molecules, or ions of the other reactant that it (the limiting reagent) reacts with will either stay free or unreacted.
As you can see, O2 creates less of the final good. Therefore, the limiting reactant is O2. Keep in mind that the limiting reactant is the one that depletes before the other reactant(s) are fully reacted. As a result, 2.7 moles of Al2O3 were actually created.
Thus, option 2 is correct.
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during glycolysis two moles of are generated for one mole of glucose? a) glycerate-1,3 bisphosphate b) glycerate-3-phosphate c) phosphoenolpyruvate d) all of the above are correct e) none of the above are correct
All of the aforementioned are incorrect if glycolysis produces two moles of for every mole of glucose.
D is the ideal choice.
What creates two molecules during glycolysis?Firstly, glycolysis yields two ATP, two NADH, and two pyruvate molecules. The aerobic catabolic breakdown of glucose known as glycolysis yields energy in the form of ATP, NADH, and pyruvate, which then enters the citric acid cycle to yield more energy.
From 2 moles of glucose, how many ATP are produced?76 ATP molecules can therefore be produced from two glucose molecules. Glycolysis. Two moles of ATP are created anaerobically for every mole of glucose.
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Draw lewis structure for BrF4-b What is the electron-pair geometry for Br in BrF4- ?c What is the the shape (molecular geometry) of BrF4-?
The shape (molecular geometry) [tex]BrF^{-}_{4}[/tex] is square planar.
Start with the tetrafluoroborate ion's Lewis structure, [tex]BrF^{-}_{4}[/tex]. A total of 36 valence electrons will be present in the molecule: 7 from bromine, 7 from each of the four fluorine atoms, and one additional electron to give the ion its negative charge.
For a total of 8 of the 36 valence electrons, the bromine atom will form single bonds with each of the four fluorine atoms. The number of valence electrons needed will increase to 32 since the fluorine atoms will each have three lone pairs connected. On bromine, the remaining 4 valence electrons will be arranged as lone pairs.
Four single bonds and two lone pairs make up the six areas of electron density that surround the bromine atom, making its steric number equal to six.
The molecular geometry will be square planar, or [tex]AX_{4}E_{2}[/tex], according to VSEPR Theory.
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Data Table 2: Sodium Hypochlorite SDS information Items SDS Information Physical State Liquid and no color Route of Exposure & Symptoms Protective Equipment First Aid Procedures w Fire-fighting Measures Eye contact, skin contact, inhalation and ingestion As in any fire, wear self- contined breathing Get medical help immediately some other To extinguish media use water spray dry uccompuse siowy at normal temperatures away from incompatible substances bleach is diluted by the running water. sewers or waterway Chemical Reactivity Safe Storage Safe Disposal Environmental/ Ecotoxicity Spill Cleanup Procedures Vermiculite. Also provide ventilation .
Correct match Sodium Hypochlorite with SDS information is:
Physical State: Liquid and colorless
Route of Exposure and Symptoms: Eye contact, skin contact, inhalation, and ingestion.
Fire-fighting Measures: To extinguish media use water spray dry.
Safe Storage: away from incompatible substances.
Environmental/ Ecotoxicity: sewers or waterway.
What is Sodium Hypochlorite?Sodium hypochlorite is an inorganic chemical compound with the formula NaOCl comprising a sodium cation (Na⁺) and a hypochlorite anion (OCl⁻ or ClO⁻).
It can also refer as the sodium salt of hypochlorous acid. The anhydrous compound is unstable and can decompose explosively. It is crystallized as a pentahydrate NaOCl·5H₂O, a greenish-yellow solid which is not explosive.
Sodium hypochlorite is often a pale greenish-yellow dilute solution as liquid bleach, which is a household chemical used as a disinfectant or a bleaching agent. In solution, this compound is unstable and easily decomposes, releasing chlorine, still the oldest chlorine-based bleach.
Sodium Hypochlorite has corrosive properties, and reaction products make it a significant safety risk.
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How do you identify sp3 and sp2?
A general definition of an sp3 hybridised atom is one with only single bonds. The alkanes are the greatest example. An alkane has sp3 hybridised carbon atoms with tetrahedral shape throughout. Alkenes and other atoms with double bonds frequently have sp2 hybridised carbon atoms with trigonal planar shape.
What is Hybridization ?The process of hybridization is the mixing of atomic orbitals with the same energy levels to create an equal number of new hybrid orbitals. This mixing typically produces hybrid orbitals with completely distinct energies, geometries, etc.
When two atomic orbitals in a molecule combine to generate a hybrid orbital, the energy of the orbitals of the individual atoms is redistributed to give orbitals of equivalent energy. Hybridization is the name of this procedure.
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Which of the molecules regulate the enzyme that catalyzes malonyl‑coa synthesis?
a. fatty acids or fatty acyl-CoA
b. carnitine
c. oxaloacetate
d. acetyl-CoA
e. citrate
Acetyl-CoA, the molecules regulate the enzyme that catalyzes malonyl‑coa synthesis.
Acetyl-CoA carboxylases (ACCs) are the enzymes that catalyze acetyl-CoA carboxylation to create malonyl-CoA. ACC1 and ACC2 are two members of the ACC group in the mammals.
ACC1 is found in the cytosol and it is the first and most important enzyme in the de novo fatty acid production pathway.
ACC2 is found on the outer membrane of mitochondria and produces malonyl-CoA to regulate the activity of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), which is involved in the fatty acid -oxidation.
So, Malonyl-CoA is synthesized from the Acetyl-coA in presence of Acetyl-CoA carboxylases (ACCs).
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How many atoms are in 1.00 moles o2?
One mole of oxygen gas, which has the formula O2, has a mass of 32 g and contains [tex]6.02*10^{23}[/tex] molecules of oxygen but [tex]12.04*10^{23}[/tex] atoms, because each molecule of oxygen contains two oxygen atoms.
The molecular weight of a substance is equal to its mass in one mole. Water, for example, has a mean molecular weight of 18.015 atomic mass units (amu), implying that one mole of water weighs 18.015 grams. In the International System of Units, the mole (symbol mol) is the unit of substance amount (SI). The amount of substance is a measurement of how many elementary entities of a given substance are present in an object or sample. An elementary entity can be an atom, a molecule, an ion, an ion pair, or a subatomic particle such as an electron, depending on the substance.
The mole is widely used in chemistry to express quantities of reactants and products of chemical reactions. The term gram-molecule was formerly used for "mole of molecules", and gram-atom for "mole of atoms".
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How do you respond to a chemical exposure to the eye?
Do these things right away when a chemical splashes on your eye.Use water to irrigate your eye.For the at least 20 minutes, use pristine, lukewarm tap water.Use soap and water to wash your hands.To ensure that no chemicals or soap are still on your hands, thoroughly rinse them.Remove your contacts.
How might chemical spills be avoided?Safety Glasses, goggles, and shields — These products shield the face and eyes from chemical spills.Additionally, they protect them against gases, vapors, and dust.Skin Protection - Clothing items like gloves, boots, & coveralls should be used in order to protect the skin.
A chemical splash accident is what kind of mishap?Chemical splashes are incidents where dangerous substances unintentionally spill, project, aerosolize, or otherwise disseminate inside a laboratory setting.
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How do homologous structures provide evidence that species may be changing over time?
Analogous structures demonstrate that identical selective pressures might result in similar adaptations, whereas homologous structures indicate evidence for shared ancestry.
With an example, what is homologous series?A group of chemical compounds with the same functional group is referred to as a homologous series. As a result of sharing an active group, the molecules have comparable chemical characteristics. The homologous series often includes alkanes, cycloalkanes, and alkenes.
What do you mean by homologous?adjective. matching, as in relative position or structure; having the same or a comparable relationship. Similar in origin and structure but perhaps not always in function: A horse's foreleg and a bird's wing are analogous.
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2CrO4 + 2H3O -> Cr2O7 + 3H2O
(yellow) (orange)
Unknown solution added until the sample turns yellow
which of these is he added solution?
CH3COOH
KNO3
NH4NO3
NaOH
The unknown solution added to the sample which turn the sample yellow is potassium nitrate.
What is potassium chromate?Potassium chromate is an ionic compound formed by the lose of electrons from potassium to chromate group. Chromium can exists in both +3, +4 and +7.
When chromate changes to dichromate in an alkaline medium, the color changes from orange to yellow. The addition of potassium nitrate to the aqueous chromate solution leads to the formation of potassium dichromate.
Potassium dichromate is orange in color. When it releases the dichromate ions to the solution it turns the color to yellow.Hence, option b is correct.
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how is a new element formed in a star?
Answer:
Some of the heavier elements in the periodic table are created when pairs of neutron stars collide cataclysmically and explode, researchers have shown for the first time. Light elements like hydrogen and helium formed during the big bang, and those up to iron are made by fusion in the cores of stars.
Explanation:
Answer: Some of the heavier elements in the periodic table are created when pairs of neutron stars collide cataclysmically and explode, researchers have shown for the first time. Light elements like hydrogen and helium formed during the big bang, and those up to iron are made by fusion in the cores of stars.
Explanation:
Why are chemical symbols used in chemistry?
Chemical symbols are used to quickly identify the elements and atoms in a chemical formula and to standardize the "language of science."
What are the benefits of chemical symbols in chemistry?Chemical symbols are useful for describing chemical elements since they save time by allowing you to record chemical formulas without having to type out each element's full name. Numerous molecules, especially organic ones, include atoms from a wide range of various elements.
What purpose does symbol use serve?Symbols, such as gestures, signs, objects, messages, and words, help people to grasp that world. They offer widely accepted meanings that act as guides for comprehending experiences and are shared by groups.
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When a sample of 25.0 g of water is cooled from 20.0 C to 10.0 C What is the number of joules of energy released?
1046 J worth of heat energy is emitted.
We must calculate the heat energy emitted from the question using the specific heat formula, Q = mcT.
Q is the heat energy, and m is the mass.
The specific heat is c.
T stands for temperature change.
The answer is m = 25.0 grams.
ΔT = (20.0 - 10.0) (20.0 - 10.0) °C = 10.0 °C
c = 4.184 J/g °C (Specific heat capacity of water) (Specific heat capacity of water)
When the parameters are entered into the formula Q = mcT, we get Q = 25.0 4.184 10.0.
Q = 1046 J
Consequently, 1046 J worth of heat energy was discharged.
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Part A Spell out the full name of the compound. Submit Request Answer Part B Spell out the full name of the compound. Submit Request Answer Part C Br Spell out the full name of the compound. Submit Request Answer Part D Spell out the full name of the compound. Submit Request Answer Part E Spell out the full name of the compound. Submit Request Answer Part F Spell out the full name of the compound. Submit Request Answer
The name of the compound comprises of both the cation and anion part with most of the time the anionic part ending with suffix-ide.
What is a compound?Compound is defined as a chemical substance made up of identical molecules containing atoms from more than one type of chemical element.
Molecule consisting atoms of only one element is not called compound.It is transformed into new substances during chemical reactions. There are four major types of compounds depending on chemical bonding present in them.They are:
1)Molecular compounds where in atoms are joined by covalent bonds.
2) ionic compounds where atoms are joined by ionic bond.
3)Inter-metallic compounds where atoms are held by metallic bonds
4) co-ordination complexes where atoms are held by co-ordinate bonds.
They have a unique chemical structure held together by chemical bonds Compounds have different properties as those of elements because when a compound is formed the properties of the substance are totally altered.
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How many grams of sucrose should be dissolved in 100g water in order to produce a solution?
To determine the amount of sucrose that should be dissolved in 100g water to produce a solution, you must refer to the solubility of sucrose.
What is solution?Solution is an answer or a set of answers to a problem or question. It is typically a result of problem-solving that can be logical, practical, or creative. Solutions are often developed through discussion, brainstorming, and collaboration in order to develop the best possible outcomes. Solutions are often unique, and the process of finding them can be complex.
The solubility of sucrose at room temperature is approximately 186 grams of sucrose per 100g of water. Therefore, to produce a solution, 186g of sucrose should be dissolved in 100g of water.
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consider a fuel cell that uses the reaction ch4(g)+2o2(g)→co2(g)+2h2o(l)
The value of E° for the cell reaction is 1.06 V.
The cell reaction is indeed the overall reaction that occurs in the cell, written with the assumption that right hand electrode is indeed the cathode, i.e. that the spontaneous reaction occurs in the right-hand compartment.
The cell would be represented by rule that metals have been written first, followed by metal ions found in the electrolyte. And they must be kept separate by the a vertical line.
Given,
CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
ΔG° rn = ΔG° of products - 2ΔG° of reactant
= {ΔG° of CO2 + 2ΔG° of H2O} - {ΔG° of CH4 + 2ΔG° of O2}
={[-394.38 + 2(-237.18)] - [-50.85 + 2(0)]}
= -817.89 KJ/mole
We know that,
ΔG° = -nFE° cell
⇒ E° cell = ΔG°/-nF
⇒ = (-817.89 x 10^3 j/mole) / 8 x 96500
E° cell = 1.06 V
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Which would always be true of an object possessing a kinetic energy of 0 joules?.
The statement that would always be true of an object possessing 0 joules of kinetic energy is: B. It is at rest.
What is kinetic energy?Kinetic energy is a form of energy an object has because of its motion. When an object is moving, they are doing work. Work transfers energy that makes the object speed up and gains kinetic energy. If an object has 0 joules of kinetic energy, it means there is no work and no movement happens to the object. Therefore, the object is at rest. Hence, the correct answer is B.
This question seems incomplete. The complete query is as follows:
“Which would ALWAYS be true of an object possessing a kinetic energy of 0 joules?
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What is the atmospheric pressure if the partial pressures of nitrogen, oxygen, and argon are 77.75 kPa,
19.94 kPa, and 1.999 kPa, respectively?
Answer:
The answer is P(AR) 27Kpa
What element is located on the left side of the table?
Answer:
Metals
Explanation:
right answer
Who introduced the symbols we use in chemistry today?
J.J. Berzelius, a Swedish scientist, advocated in 1813 that chemical symbols be based on the Latin names of the elements; by the middle of the 19th century, this idea had gained widespread acceptance.
How did the symbols come to be?Symbols for chemical elements are abbreviated notations that are derived from their scientific names, such as S for sulfur and Si for silicon. Sometimes the sign comes from the Latin term; for example, Au stands for aurum, or gold, and Na stands for natrium, or sodium.
What year did symbols begin?Ancient beings first began scratching lines and hashtag patterns onto red rocks in a South African cave over 100,000 years ago. Such craftsmanship has been claimed as the first indication that our species was capable of producing symbols—clear signs that stand for a particular meaning—and as such, proof of a developed mind.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. smoking and the episodes of lung cancer have a high correlation, but it does not prove ________.
Smoking and the episodes of lung cancer have a high correlation, but it does not prove causation.
Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer. Cigarette smoking is responsible for 80% to 90% of lung cancer deaths in the USA. Other tobacco products, including such cigars or pipes, also increase the risk of developing lung cancer. Tobacco smoke consists of a toxic cocktail of over 7,000 chemicals.
Several studies have looked into the effects of continuing to smoke after a lung cancer diagnosis and discovered that it slows healing, lessens the efficacy of cancer treatments, lowers overall quality of life, increases the risk of relapse and a second primary cancer, and reduces survival. Individuals who smoke cigarettes seem to be 15 to thirty times more likely than nonsmokers to develop or end up dying from lung cancer.
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What is a Lewis valence E dot structure?
Lewis valence electron dot structure is a representationof the valence electrons of an atom. It uses dots around the symbol of tye element.
In the Lewis dot structure the dots are arranged to the right and left and above and below the symbol with no more than two dots on a side. It does not matter what order the positions are used. It is used to show how the electrons are arranged around individual atoms in a molecule. It is used to find the electronic configuration of the element. To draw the Lewis structure we need to know the total number of valence electrons present. The number of valence electrons in an individual atom can be found based on the atom’s group number in the periodic table. Then we need to determine the central atom.
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