Polypeptides in the er are usually larger than polypeptides synthesized from the same mrna that have not entered the er.
Hence, the above statement is True
The size of polypeptides inside the ER is typically less than that of polypeptides made from the same mRNA but not yet inside the ER. On the rough ER, proteins for plasma membrane transmembranes are synthesised. Through a translocon, a freshly created polypeptide chain enters the ER.Peptide synthesis is primarily carried out on the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). By sequentially digesting transfer RNAs (tRNA) with their attached amino acids, messenger RNA (mRNA), which is encoded by nuclear DNA, is translated into peptides by cytosolic ribosomes.To know more about DNA here
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What effect does soil disturbance have on the soil itself?
Releases nutrients by breakdown of organisms, making resources available to the and altering both of the absolute and relatives rates of Ecosystems processes.
What is ecosystem?An ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals, and other and it is the organisms, as the well as weathering and landscapes, work together form a bubble of in life.
Physical disturbances of them day up the to ecosystems releases nutrients by breakdown of organisms, making it off is resources available and altering both the absolute and relatives and friends rates of Ecosystems me processes (e.g. primary productivity, secondary consumption, decomposition, nitrogen fixation), and qualitatively altering the main pathways involved .
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If we wanted to test a mystery solution to see if it contains sugar, what two other solutions should we test? What are they called and what do they contain? Why do we test them too?
To test to for the presence of sugar, the solution to be used is called the Benedicts Solution. The other solution to use is the Iodine solution.
Why do we use Benedicts' solution and Iodine solution when testing for Sugar?Both Benedict's solution and iodine solution are commonly used to test for the presence of sugars and starch, respectively. By testing the mystery solution with both of these solutions, you can determine whether it contains sugar or starch, or both.
It is important to test the mystery solution with both Benedict's solution and iodine solution because different types of sugars and carbohydrates can have different chemical properties, and therefore may not be detected by a single testing solution. Lugol's iodine, commonly known as aqueous iodine or strong iodine solution, is a water-based solution containing potassium iodide and iodine.
Testing with multiple solutions helps to ensure a more accurate and complete analysis.
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Gelatin is a protein that is derived from collagen which is found in the bones skin and connective tissue of animals. What would be the most appropiate control for this expirement?
Gelatin is a naturally occurring, non-toxic biomacromolecule made of bioactive polypeptides that are generated from collagen found in the skin, bones, and connective tissues of animals. It will display the color change that takes place when there is no enzyme activity.
Gelatin—is this an animal tissue?Gelatin is a soluble protein that resembles albumin that is created when animal tissues are boiled for a long time (typically bones, skin, and tendons).
Are animals used to make gelatin always?Is Gelatin Vegetarian? Gelatin is neither vegetarian nor vegan, to put it succinctly. Whether it comes from cows, pigs, horses, or fish, it always originates from animal sources. Agar Agar, which is described below, is a vegetarian substitute for gelatin.
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Many nutrient cycles are coupled and changes in one cycle will affect another. This means that a change in the amount of carbon dioxide fixed is intimately affected by the amount of __________.
Since many nutrient cycles are interconnected, modifications to one cycle will have an impact on another. This implies that the amount of nitrogen present in an ecosystem has a direct impact on changes in the amount of carbon dioxide fixed.
A recurring journey from the environment via one or more species and back to the environment is referred to as a "nutrient cycle."Despite its complexity, the N-cycle is undoubtedly the most crucial nutritional cycle to comprehend. This is due to two factors: In terrestrial (land) environments, N is typically the plant nutrient that restricts plant development the most.
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what is the likelihood of a person having the dna fingerprint above? the allele frequencies are indicated next to the allele bands.
DNA from fingerprints is useful when there is no body fluid left at a crime scene and when fingerprints are not sufficiently clear to provide reliable identification.
why is Identification from fingerprints is preferable?
Due to the larger database of fingerprints available for comparison, fingerprint identification is preferred to fingerprint identification over fingerprint identification via DNA; however, in cases where fingerprint ridges lack sufficient detail, fingerprint identification via DNA may still be the only option. As methods for extracting cells from a fingerprint and for DNA extraction become more effective, this method of identification will spread more widely.
According to the question:
The Technical Support Working Group, a national forum that identifies, prioritizes, and manages interagency and international research and development requirements for countering terrorism, provided funding for two pertinent research projects carried out in 2000 and 2002. The goal of the study was to take chemically altered fingerprints and extract and analyze DNA from them.
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Explain the role of the cell membrane during passive transport and active transport.
Answer:in the passive moment, it allows diffusion of small and non polar molecules to pass in or out of the cell and prevents unwanted polar ions or molecules to enter the cell. Also proteins help in carrying out facilitated diffusion for ions and big molecules.In active process, proteins in the membrane act as a path for molecules which are bigger and charged and are moving against the concentration gradient.
Explanation:
What takes place in a cell’s mitochondria?
Explanation:
The mitochondria is called the powerhouse of the cell because it is responsible for producing most of the cell’s energy, or adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP). The mitochondria converts chemical energy from the food we eat into an energy form that the cell can use. This process is called oxidative phosphorylation.
Answer:
Known as the “powerhouses of the cell,” mitochondria produce the energy necessary for the cell's survival and functioning.
Explanation:
Mitochondria, using oxygen available within the cell convert chemical energy from food in the cell to energy in a form usable to the host cell. The process is called oxidative phosphorylation and it happens inside mitochondria
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What claim can you make about which population of birds would have greater variation in how long they would forage for in an environment with many people walking around
Foraging UCSD (Effectively handling the dilemma of when and where to forage is crucial for survival in many animal species) (Effectively solving the problem of when and where to forage is critical for survival in many animal species).
Why are the two junco populations different?Since both populations descended from the same progenitor, natural selection led to them becoming bolder. The other juncos got the behavior, such as boldness having lower levels of CORT, from the ancestor who was at UCSD and stayed there. This ancestor had differences in their heritable features.
What indications can point to the fact that the birds are from different species to the researcher?All Hawaiian Honeycreeper species are descended from a single species of North American bird. Now that they have evolved, they reside on various islands, consume various meals, and sing various songs.
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Explain why the electron configuration of 2-7-1-1 represents a sodium atom in an excited state.
Sodium has the structure 2,8,1 in the ground state. When one electron is promoted from the L shell to the N shell, the configuration 2-7-1-1 is present. The more energetic state of an atom is called the excited state.
The effects of salt on the bodyIn order to convey nerve impulses, expand and promote relaxation, and maintain the right ratio of water and minerals, the human body needs a little quantity of sodium. Our daily requirement for salt for these essential processes is thought to be 500 mg.
Compared to salt, is sodium healthier?Foods that haven't been processed are what we desire in the ideal world since the more salt is added to food during processing, the longer it takes. In chemistry, sodium and chloride are combined to form salt.
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What takes place in a cell’s mitochondria?
A:protein synthesis
B:photosynthesis
C:cellular respiration
D:DNA replication
Answer:
C: cellular respiration
Explanation:
It's when which energy is released from the foods such as sugars into the cell.
the abrasions on the skin caused by unburned gun powder striking the skin is called what? group of answer choices jacketing stippling stellate tearing rifling
Unburned gunpowder fragments striking the skin can create stippling. Stippling, in contrast to other things that may be deposited on the skin, including soot, cannot be removed by washing.
Are a gunshot wound and an abrasion?An abrasion rim, also known as the perimeter of abraded tissue, generally surrounds the persistent tract or cavity in gunshot wounds. Due to the lubricant that was deposited on the tissue during projectile penetration, the wound also has a grease collar.
What is the term for when you are scraped by a bullet?An abrasion collar, often referred to as an abrasion ring or abrasion rim, is a small band of stretched, abraded skin that develops quickly around projectile wounds like gunshot wounds.
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how is healthy soil important to us
What name given to organisms that live in acidic medium
the following figure shows the general steps that occur when a researcher uses the crispr-cas9 system to modify a protein-encoding gene in a eukaryotic cell with the goal of modifying the protein product. drag the descriptions of the steps to their appropriate locations on the figure.
1. Create plasmid expression vectors with genes encoding Cas9 and sgRNA.
2. Introduce the vectors into a eukaryotic cell.
3. The gene expression machinery of the cell produces the Cas9 protein and the sgRNA.
4. The Cas9 protein, guided by sgRNA, binds to its target sequence in the cell's DNA.
5. The Cas9 protein cleaves the target sequence.
6. During the process of DNA break repair, the target sequence may be modified.
7. The modified DNA sequence is transcribed into RNA.
8. The RNA is translated into a modified protein.
Scientists use CRISPR-Cas9 in the cell to alter encoded proteins. Whether to change it into another protein or stop protein production, it uses Cas9 and sgRNA expression plasmid injected into the nucleus in eukaryotic cells. Then, DNA sequences are broken, modified, and transcribed into RNA. After that, a modified protein is produced.
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Which division of the autonomic nervous system returns the body to a relaxed condition after an emergency?.
When the body is at ease, resting, or eating, the parasympathetic nervous system controls the body's response to digestion and relaxation.
It essentially undoes the effects of sympathetic division following a trying circumstance. The parasympathetic nervous system enhances digestion while decreasing breathing and heart rate. The sympathetic nervous system and the enteric nervous system are the other two components of the autonomic nervous system, together with the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS). [1][2] Sometimes the enteric nervous system is regarded as a component of the autonomic nervous system, while other times it is regarded as a separate system. The body's automatic functions are controlled by the autonomic nerve system. The stimulation of "rest-and-digest" or "feed-and-breed" is carried out in digestion via the parasympathetic nervous system.
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If you were constructing a phylogenetic tree for the evolution of birds, which characters found in archaeopteryx might provide evidence that birds and dinosaurs had a common ancestor?.
Teeth , flat sternum and claws of provide archaeopteryx evidence that birds and dinosaurs had a common ancestor.
The structure and arrangement of Archaeopteryx's wings' feathers, which are comparable to those of most modern birds, suggest that it was able to fly.
Dinosaurs drastically reduced and acquired a more baby-like head form as they evolved into birds. Left to right: a contemporary chicken and pigeon; Archaeopteryx, commonly referred to as the first bird; Velociraptor, a dinosaur from the group that gave origin to birds.
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a very large, fast-adapting tactile receptor that is composed of a single dendrite enclosed by concentric layers of collagen is a
The term "lamellated corpuscle" refers to a particularly large, rapidly adapting touch receptor made up of a single dendrite encased by concentric layers of collagen.
What types of tactile sensors are there?Merkel's disks, Meissner's corpuscles, Ruffini endings, and Pacinian corpuscles are the four main subtypes of tactile mechanoreceptors. In the upper layers of skin that has hair or is glabrous, Merkel's disks are slow-adapting, unencapsulated nerve endings that respond to light touch.
What role does tactile play?The tactile corpuscle is in charge of delivering low-frequency vibrations and light touch sensations from the peripheral nervous system to the brain.
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if facultative mutualists do not require another species to help them, why do they engage in mutualism?
Facultative mutualists do not require another species to help them, but they engage in mutualism because facultative mutualists benefit greatly in fitness from the interactions with other species in mutualism.
What is facultative mutualistic relationship?Facultative mutualistic relationship is a type of mutualism in which interacting species derive benefits from each other but not being fully dependent.
Mutualism is highly complex but it can be broken down into two types of relationship. In some cases, species are entirely dependent on each other (obligate mutualism) and in other case, they derive benefits from their relationship but can survive without each other (facultative mutualism).
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I Need Help. Please and Thank you. Which type of cells does the HIV virus target?
A. T5
B. T4
C. H5
D. H4.
HIV virus primarily targets the T4 cells, option B.
What are T4 cells?The T4 cells are a type of lymphocyte that are produced in the bone marrow. T4 are also known as T-lymphocytes, T4 helper cells or CD4+ cells. Their major role is to control immunological responses for the body.
HIV is an immuno-compromising virus that attacks the immune system. It primarily targets the T4 cells to cripple it ability to send timely responses to the cells and allow other diseases gain access to the body before the body has a chance to retaliate.
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Answer:
T4
Explanation:
HIV targets a type of cell called the T-helper cell (also called T4 cells) which can be found in the immune system.
The main target for HIV is a white blood cell called a T4 lymphocyte, or “T helper cell”. The T4 cell is responsible for warning your immune system that there are invaders present.
which diagram demonstrates how crossing-over contributes to genetic variety during meiosis?
The exchange of genetic material that occurs during the development of germ cells is referred to as crossing over. The illustration that best illustrates crossing over is as follows:
The exchange of genetic material that occurs during the development of germ cells is referred to as crossing over. The illustration that best illustrates crossing over is as follows:
The process of genetic material switching during the development of reproductive cells is known as crossing over. The process of crossing over is crucial because it results in distinct combinations and variation in the daughter cells. Between prophase I and metaphase I, the procedure takes place.
Incorrect response causes:
A) The table that is provided shows the cross between two heterozygous genes.
B) The chromosomes are oriented at the equator plate during the metaphase of cell division, which is represented by the image.
D) The displayed graphic depicts DNA replication.
Consequently, the transition takes place during meiosis.
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If you were constructing a phylogenetic tree for the evolution of birds, which characters found in archaeopteryx might provide evidence that birds and dinosaurs had a common ancestor?.
The characters found in archaeopteryx that might provide evidence that birds and dinosaurs had a common ancestor are: teeth, flat sternum and claws.
Archaeopteryx is the dinosaur that was also known by its German name Urvogel. It was a bird-like dinosaur. It is also considered as the oldest known fossil bird. Therefore, it is designates as the missing link between dinosaurs and birds.
Sternum is the T-shaped bone present at the anterior part of the chest. The sternum connects with the rib bones in order to form the rib cage and protect the internal organs of the body. It is also connected to the collar bone.
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a very large, fast-adapting tactile receptor that is composed of a single dendrite enclosed by concentric layers of collagen is a
Very large, rapidly adapting tactile receptors consisting of a single dendrite surrounded by concentric layers of collagen are lamellar bodies.
Lamellar corpuscles (also known as Pacinian corpuscles) in the skin and fascia sense rapid vibrations (approximately 200-300 Hz). Mechanoreceptors in the skin respond to mechanical stimuli resulting from physical interactions such as pressure and vibration. The pacinic body, also known as the father pacini or lamellar body, is a sensory receptor for vibration and deep pressure and is essential for proprioception. It is the deeper of the two layers that make up the dermis, the middle layer of the skin. Laminated blood cells (also called Pacinian corpuscles) function specifically to detect pressure and vibration sensations.
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if dna is damaged or incompletely replicated in s phase, the inhibition of which of these molecules prevents the cell from entering m phase?
The cell cycle won't move on to the following phase. Therefore, the next division won't take place. Cell death will result from this.
If S phase is not completed, what happens?The faithful segregation of sister chromatids may be threatened by incompletely replicated or unresolved chromosomes from the S-phase that survive into mitosis, according to new research.
What takes place during the cell cycle's S phase?During the S phase, the cell makes a complete copy of the DNA in its nucleus. It also produces duplicate centrosomes, which are organelles that arrange microtubules. The centrosomes help to separate DNA during M phase.
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An error during M phase would be most likely to affect a multicellular
organism in what way?
A. The organism develops cells with too few or too many organelles.
B. The organism develops cells that are too small.
C. The organism develops cells with too few or too many
chromosomes.
D. The organism develops cells that are too large.
Answer: C. The organism develops cells with too few or too many
Explanation:
Which choice accurately models transcription and translation of the following gene: ggc ctg gtt aaa tgg?.
DNA is copied during transcription by mRNA. The mRNA strand duplicates a DNA strand as DNA is "unzipped" in this process. MRNA then exits the nucleus after accomplishing this.
What exactly do DNA transcription and translation entail?Transcription, the process by which DNA is converted into RNA, and translation, the process by which RNA is used to create proteins
What kind of RNA is produced when a message is transcribed from DNA?By means of the transcription and translation processes, messenger RNA (mRNA) is a type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to protein.
The tRNA and 5S rRNA genes, in particular, are transcribed by RNA polymerase III. 5S rRNA and tRNA are produced by RNA polymerase III.
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Food chains show how matter is transferred between biotic factors in an ecosystem. But matter is also transferred between biotic and abiotic factors.
Determine which of the following are examples of the transfer of matter between biotic and abiotic factors.
Microbes in the soil are an example of the transfer of matter between biotic and abiotic factors. As microbes (Biotic factor) changes the acidity (abiotic factor) of the soil.
What is meant by food chain?
It is a linear network of links where one organism eats another organism and the matter and energy is transferred in the form of food from organism to organism.
Each food chain describes the pathway of transfer of energy and nutrients through the ecosystem. Organisms in food chains are grouped into categories called trophic levels. These are divided into four trophic levels
Producers (first trophic level)Consumers (second, third, and fourth trophic levels)Decomposers (fourth tropic level)Biogeochemical cycle is a process in which nutrients are transferred between biotic and abiotic factors.
The example of transfer of matter include presence of certain organisms (Biotic factor) in soil changes the acidity (abiotic factor) of the soil.
Plants use water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide (biotic factors) in the preparation of food.
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Figure 2 shows the materials used in a test for PSA.
In the PSA test, the blood sample is added to the well. After 60 minutes, the well is washed out.
Then, antibodies against PSA with enzyme A attached are added to the well.
After 30 minutes, the well is washed out again. Finally, substrate A is added. I800000 ninom
In a negative test, the end solution is colourless. In a positive test, the end solution is blue.
2.2* Explain how the PSA test can be used to test for prostate cancer. (6)
Answer: Because once they interact the protons work in a chemical rea thing changing the color if positive
Explanation:
over – percent of plastic waste has never been recycled, and much of it ends up in oceans. scientists estimate that by 2050, ocean plastics will outweigh ocean – . a total of 9 billion tons of plastic has been generated since 1950, more than – for every person on the planet.
Over 90 percent of plastic waste has never been recycled, and much of it ends up in oceans.
Scientists estimate that by 2050, ocean plastics will outweigh ocean fish.
A total of 9 billion tons of plastic has been generated since 1950, more than one ton for every person on the planet.
What is Plastic waste?
Plastic waste is a form of waste that is made up of materials such as plastic bags, bottles, containers, packaging and other items that are not biodegradable. This waste is difficult to recycle and often ends up in landfills, oceans and rivers, where it can cause significant environmental damage.
What do you mean by Recycling?
Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new, reusable materials. It is an important part of reducing our environmental impact and preserving natural resources. Recycled materials can be used to create new products and reduce the need for raw materials.
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2
Which of the following is an example of stewardship towards the environment?
OA. giving money to charities
OB. helping find a lost dog
OC. pouring unused medicine down the drain
OD. volunteering to help plant trees
Answer: installation of water saving fixtures, grey water recycling systems, reuse of production waste water, rain water harvesting systems
Explanation: installation of water saving fixtures, grey water recycling systems, reuse of production waste water, rain water harvesting systems, etc. Material Conservation Conserve materials used at your site by changing process, product or formulations, participate in waste exchanges, reuse operational waste, etc.
Answer:
volunteering to help plant trees
Explanation:
OD
What dissection instrument should we use to clean adhering tissues during dissection.
Answer:
Russian Forceps: Used for atraumatic tissue grasping during dissection. Tissue Forceps: Non-toothed forceps used for fine handling of tissue and traction during dissection. Adson Forceps: Forceps toothed at the tip used for handling dense tissue, such as in skin closures.
Explanation: