When a promoter is held liable in a pre-incorporation contract, the promoter is exonerated of that liability: when the other contracting party and the corporation agree to release the promoter from responsibility.
Are pre-incorporation contracts enforceable against a promoter?
Unless and until there is a novation, the promoter is personally liable for any contracts he signs before the company was formed.
Who personally bears responsibility for pre-incorporation?
Pre-incorporation contracts typically hold promoters personally accountable. The promoter will be held liable for breach of contract if a company fails to ratify or adopt a pre-incorporation contract in accordance with the Specific Relief Act.
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true or false: federal loans should only be borrowed after you have exhausted all other loan options
The answer is false that federal loans should only be borrowed after you have exhausted all other loan options.
Federal student loans are made by the government with terms and conditions that are set by law, and include many benefits (such as fixed interest rates and income-driven repayment plans) that not typically offered with private loans.
Why is it false to make federal loans as the last option?
Borrowers typically have two options for student loans : federal and private. It's best to exhaust federal student loans first if you're an undergraduate student. These loans are issued by the federal government and have lower interest rates than you'll find with a private lender. You can also get them without a co-signer, and they come with repayment safety nets that private loans don't.
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________ are achieved when the average unit cost of a good or service decreases as the capacity and/or volume of throughput increases.
Diseconomies scale take place when the common unit value of the desirable or provider begins to enlarge as the capacity and/or volume of throughput increases.
What reasons diseconomies scale?Diseconomies of scale may also end result from numerous factors, such as verbal exchange breakdown, lack of motivation, lack of coordination, and loss of center of attention by means of the management and employees.
What do you imply by using diseconomies?In economics, the term diseconomies of scale describes the phenomenon that occurs when a firm experiences growing marginal prices per additional unit of output. It is the contrary of economies of scale.
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https://brainly.com/question/780900#SPJ4Celestial seasonings produces specialty teas and sells them to food wholesalers. The wholesalers then sell these teas to supermarkets and grocery stores, which, in turn, sell them to consumers. This describes celestial seasonings’.
The Celestial seasonings produces specialty teas and sells them to food wholesalers. This is an American tea producer company.
The wholesaler purchase very large quantities of goods directly from producers or from the other wholesalers. By purchasing large quantities, wholesalers are able to secure significantly lower price. So,
The wholesalers then sell these teas to supermarkets and grocery stores, which, in turn, sell them to consumers.
The Celestial Seasonings is an American tea company based in Boulder, Colorado, United States, that specializes in herbal teas properly called "tisanes", but also sells green, white, black, and chai teas.
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which are rights of common stockholders? check all that apply: the right to receive regular dividends the right to vote on major decisions at the annual general meeting the right to a share of dividends paid the right to vote for members of the board of directors
The rights of common stockholders are the right to receive regular dividends, the right to vote on major decisions at the annual general meeting, the right to a share of dividends paid, the right to vote for members of the board of directors
A common shareholder is someone who has acquired at least one common share of a corporation. Common shareholders have the right to vote on corporate matters and declared common dividends. Common shareholders are paid out last in a bankruptcy, after preferred shareholders and debt holders. Common stock is a type of investment that represents ownership in an organization. Owners of common stock elect the board of directors and vote on business policies. This kind of stock ownership frequently offers better long-term rates of return. Common shareholders have six rights: the right to vote, ownership, the right to transfer ownership, dividends, the right to see company records, and the right to assert legal claims for misconduct.
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brutus co. exists in a world with taxes, but otherwise, capital markets are perfect. brutus co's debt cost of capital is 6%, its equity cost of capital is 11%, its weighted average cost of capital is 5.8% and its tax rate is 25%. what's brutus co's leverage ratio? group of answer choices 40% 80% 20% 60%
Brutus co's leverage ratio is 40%
What leverage ratio?The weighted average cost of capital (WACC), which includes common stock, preferred stock, bonds, and other types of debt, is the average after-tax cost of capital for a company. The WACC is the typical interest rate that a business anticipates paying to finance its assets.The rate that a business is anticipated to charge on average to all of the holders of its securities in order to fund itsCost of capital is 6%, its equity cost of capital is 11%, its weighted average cost of capital is 5.8% and its tax rate is 25%.
WACC = (5.8% x 25%) + (5.8% x 11% x 6%)
WACC = 3.973
WACC = 40%
Brutus co's leverage ratio is 40%
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What approach do businesses use to examine the whole chain of activities that contributes to the production of their product?.
Businesses use value chain analysis to examine the whole chain of activities that contributes to the production of their product.
An extensive investigation of every action a company performs, from sourcing raw materials through producing, distributing, and selling its goods or services, is known as a value chain analysis. This analysis provides business owners and managers with in-depth knowledge of the key profit and expense centres inside their organisation.
According to Strategic Management Insight, there are two methods for value chain analysis: cost and differentiation advantage.
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kitchen aid produces and sells kitchenware. last year it produced 7000 can openers and sold each one for 6$. to produce the 7000 can openers the companies total costs are 45000. if kitchen aid average fix costs are 2.25 how much are its average variable costs? round your answer to decimal places
The average variable costs of each kitchen aid for producing 7,000 kitchenware is 29,250.
Define the term average variable costs?An expense that fluctuates in relation to total production or sales is referred to as a variable cost. Variable costs rise in response to rising production or sales, and fall in response to falling output or sales. A production expense known as a variable cost can go up or down in response to shifts in a corporation's manufacturing activities.For the given question,
Total cost of producing kitchen aid = $45,000.
kitchen aid average fix costs for each = $2.25.
Total number of kitchen ware produced = 7,000.
Total fixed cost = 7,000×2.25
Total fixed cost = 15,750.
Average variable costs = Total cost - Total fixed cost
Average variable costs = $45,000 - 15,750
Average variable costs = 29,250.
Thus, the average variable costs for the production of the kitchen aid products is 29,250.
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Suppose in 2020, you purchase a house built in 2014. Which of the following would be included in the gross domestic product for 2020 ? A. the value of the house in 2020 B. the value of the services of the real estate agent C. the value of the house in 2020 minus depreciation D. the value of the house in 2014
The calculation of a country's GDP encompasses all personal and public consumption, authorities outlays, investments, additions to non-public inventories, paid-in development costs, and the overseas balance of trade. (Exports are delivered to the cost and imports are subtracted).
What is an example of gross domestic product?If, for example, Country B produced in one year 5 bananas each worth $1 and 5 backrubs each really worth $6, then the GDP would be $35. If in the next yr the charge of bananas jumps to $2 and the portions produced stay the same, then the GDP of Country B would be $40.
Only items and services produced domestically are blanketed inside the GDP. Only newly produced goods - including those that enlarge inventories - are counted in GDP. Sales of used items and sales from inventories of goods that have been produced in previous years are excluded
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https://brainly.com/question/13511171#SPJ4a property owner purchases a lot for $100,000 and pays $400,000 to have a home constructed on it. when it is completed, the owner sells the home for $560,000. the appraiser for the buyer's mortgage company appraises the home at $525,000. the sales contract for $560,000 represents the of the property.
The sales contract for $560,000 represents the VALUE of the property.
Moreover, Value is defined as the monetary relationship between properties and those who buy, sell or use those properties. Value expresses an economic concept. The sales comparison approach estimates value based on the local market price required to acquire a property of similar location, quality, size, age and condition. The income approach estimates value based on the typical market income of a similar property.
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Sport management and marketing agencies perform functions for industry stakeholder groups defined as.
Sport management and marketing agencies perform functions for industry stakeholder groups defined as Clients
What are Clients?Generally, a person or organization employs the services of a lawyer or any other person or entity working in the legal or professional field.
In conclusion, A firm that performs on behalf of a sport-related stakeholder, who is more generally referred to as a client, is what is known as a sports management and marketing agency.
Talented individuals, business brands, assets, and media corporations make up the four most important categories of stakeholders.
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the term______efers to testing how a problem solution reacts to changes in one or more of the model parameters.
The term sensitivity analysis efers to testing how a problem solution reacts to changes in one or more of the model parameters.
What is sensitivity analysis explain?
Sensitivity analysis is a technique used in financial modeling to examine how various values of a group of independent variables affect a certain dependent variable under particular circumstances.
Which of the two sensitivity analysis types are they?
To analyze sensitivity, there are primarily two methods: Analysis of local sensitivity. Analysis of global sensitivity
What does data analytics' sensitivity analysis entail?
Sensitivity analysis is the scientific process of figuring out how much a system varies in response to a particular range of input. Sensitivity analysis has been used with a variety of analytical models, particularly to decompose output variance.Learn more about sensitivity analysis
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What project scheduling term is used to describe the completion of significant portions of the project or a transition from one phase to another?.
Milestone project scheduling term is used to describe the completion of significant portions of the project or a transition from one phase to another.
A milestone is a numbered marker placed on a route together with a road, railway line, canal, or boundary. they are able to suggest the distance to cities, cities, and other locations or landmarks; or they could supply their function on the course relative to some datum area. On roads, they are typically positioned at the aspect or in a mean or principal reservation. they are rather known as mile markers, mileposts, or mile posts (every now and then abbreviated MPs). A "kilometric factor" is a time period utilized in metricated regions, in which distances are generally measured in kilometers instead of miles. "Distance marker" is a usual unit-agnostic time period.
Milestones are established to offer linear referencing factors alongside the road. this can be used to reassure guests that the right route is being accompanied, and to suggest both distance traveled or the last distance to a destination. Such references are also utilized by upkeep engineers and emergency offerings to direct them to unique points wherein their presence is required. This time period is on occasion used to indicate a location on a street even supposing no bodily sign is present.
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your customer, shea, has a large portfolio of bonds and dividend paying stocks. her primary interest is generating current income. she is trying to understand how taxes work for her t-bonds. you explain that
Federal income taxes, but not state or local taxes, are applied to interest from Treasury notes (T-bills). On Form 1099-INT, the interest income for a given year is reported.
Taxes on Treasury Bonds: What are they?Taxation. Treasury securities' interest income is free from state and local taxes but is subject to federal income tax. Treasury bill earnings are paid at maturity and must be reported to the IRS in the year they are received.Federal income taxes, but not state or local taxes, are applied to interest from Treasury notes (T-bills). On Form 1099-INT, the interest income for a given year is reported. Investors have the option of automatically withholding up to 50% of the income earned on their Treasury notes.Treasury securities and other bonds issued by the federal government and its agencies are typically free from state and municipal taxes.To learn more about Treasury securities refer to:
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A company needs construction equipment to complete a project over the next 20 months. The equipment costs $10,000. Instead of purchasing the equipment with a 12% note, the company leases the equipment with payments of $300 due at the end of each month. For what amount would the company record the lease liability at the beginning of the lease?.
The amount of $5414 the company record the lease liability at the begining of the lease. $5414Lease liability = monthly lease payment.
The responsibility to make lease payments is represented by the lease liability, which is calculated using the present value of upcoming lease payments. We simply discount the liabilities throughout the lease duration using the discount rate once we have obtained our data, which includes the lease term, lease payment, and discount rate. The lease liability or the resulting sum is then recorded on the balance sheet. The lease asset will then need to be recorded. Let's read on to find out what steps we should take. A lease liability is the discounted to present value financial obligation for the lease-related payments. The lease obligation is determined using the present value of the remaining lease payments throughout the lease term in accordance with ASC 842, IFRS 16, and GASB 87.
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given the following information, determine the cost of goods sold for the period.
Jan 1 Beginning Inventory $950
Jan 1-30 Purchases $1800
Jan 31 Ending Inventory $250
a. $3.000
b. $2.500
c. $1100
d. $250
Calculation of the cost of goods sold for the period.
$950 + $1800 + $250
b. $2.500
Items are items that satisfy human wishes and provide application, for instance, to a customer making a purchase of a satisfying product. A not unusual difference is made between items which can be transferable, and offerings, which are not transferable.
Goods are physical, produced items for which a demand exists, over which possession rights may be hooked up and whose ownership can be transferred from one institutional unit to every other by means of engaging in transactions on markets.
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Answer:$2,500
Explanation:
What is Cyber Monday and why is it important?
Cyber Monday origins in the United States but now following in other countries also.
It is an e-commerce term which refers to the Monday following the Thanksgiving weekend.
It is the biggest day for the online sales and known for second biggest shopping day.
Cyber Mondays falls for another four days after thanksgiving.
It was created to encourage the people for shopping online.
Consumers prefer cyber monday for various reasons such as they do not wat to waste family time for just waiting in the long lines for shopping on Black friday.
The another reason was , on this day the shipping was provided free to the consumers.
It has now become the International market term.
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which of the following does describe a forward contract? group of answer choices traded competitively on organized exchanges. traded by bank dealers via a network of telephones and computerized dealing systems. standardized amount of the underlying asset. standardized deliver dates.
Traded by bank dealers via a network of telephones and computerized dealing systems describes a forward contract.
A forward contract is a tailored agreement between two parties to buy or sell an asset at a predetermined price on a future date. A forward contract can be used for hedging or speculation, but due to its non-standardized nature, it is best suited for hedging.
A forward contract is a customizable derivative contract between two parties to buy or sell an asset on a future date at a specified price. They can be customized to include a particular commodity, amount, and delivery date.
They are considered over-the-counter (OTC) instruments because they are not traded on a centralized exchange.
Forward contracts, for example, can help agricultural producers and users hedge against changes in an underlying asset or commodity price.
Financial institutions that initiate forward contracts face a higher level of settlement and default risk than contracts marked to market regularly
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he black limo company (blc) purchased a limo on january 1 of year 1 at a cost of $48,000. the limo had a $8,000 salvage value. blc expected to drive the limo for 100,000 miles before disposing of it. actual miles driven per year were as follows: 30,000 in year 1, 40,000 in year 2, 20,000 in year 3, and 25,000 in year 4. based on this information, depreciation expense for year 4 was
The black limo company (BLC) purchased a limo on January 1 of year 1 at a cost of $48,000. the limo had a $8,000 salvage value. BLC expected to drive the limo for 100,000 miles before disposing of it. actual miles driven per year were as follows: 30,000 in year 1, 40,000 in year 2, 20,000 in year 3, and 25,000 in year 4. based on this information, depreciation expense for year 4 was 10,000 (asset cost-salvage value) / useful life= depreciation expense.
When each period's depreciation is recorded What account is debited in relation to the fixed asset account?
Debiting the Depreciation Expense account (which appears in the income statement) and crediting the Accumulated Depreciation account is the fundamental journal entry for depreciation (which appears in the balance sheet as a contra account that reduces the amount of fixed assets).
The falling balance technique is an accelerated depreciation methodology used in accounting, where bigger depreciation charges are recorded in the early years of an asset's useful life and lesser depreciation expenses are recorded in the later years.
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bank a charges a 7.75 percent annual percentage rate and interest is due at the end of the year. bank b charges a 7 percent annual percentage rate and interest must be paid monthly. what is the effective annual rate charged by each bank
Annual effective rate (a) =.072286 Each bank charges an annual effective rate of = 7.23%.
The effective interest rate (EIR), effective annual interest rate, annual equivalent rate (AER), or simply effective rate is the percentage of interest on a loan or financial product if compound interest accumulates over a year with no payments made. It is used to evaluate interest rates between loans with different compounding periods, such as weekly, monthly, half-yearly, or yearly. The effective interest rate is especially significant for low-income borrowers since it computes the impacts of compounding assuming no periodic payment of interest, so that future interest accrues on both the principle and the present interest. The APR, on the other hand, reflects the annual total interest charge provided periodic interest is paid as soon as it accrues.
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a monopolistically competitive market question 22 options: has some features of monopoly and some features of competition. has one large, dominant firm and many other smaller firms. is difficult to enter. occurs whenever firms earn zero economic profit.
option c-both a monopoly and a competitive firm.
According to Irving Fisher, a monopoly is a market with "no competition," making a singular individual or company the only supplier of a specific good or service. This contrasts with oligopoly and duopoly, examples of markets dominated by a small number of vendors, and monopsony, which refers to a single entity's ownership of a call to purchase an item or service. Therefore, the absence of economic rivalry to manufacture the commodity or service, the absence of effective substitutes, and the potential for a high monopoly price substantially above the seller's marginal cost that results in a high monopoly profit are the characteristics of monopolies. The way a business makes money is described by the verb monopolize.
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https://www.g.economists claim that a resale price maintenance agreement is not anti-competitive because question 15 options: retail cartel agreements cannot increase retail profits. if a supplier has market power, it will be likely to exert that power through wholesale price rather than retail price. retail markets are inherently noncompetitive. suppliers are never able to exercise noncompetitive market power.
Resale price protection (RPM) specifies the closing fee that retailers charge consumers. This roundtable centered on the use of RPM for books, newspapers and similar cultural products.
Why is resale charge renovation important?RPM is a contractual arrangement between a producer and distributor or wholesaler or any different celebration in the furnish chain whereby the manufacturer imposes a resale rate at which the distributor is required to sell the product. This helps the manufacturer hold a uniform price throughout end-customers.
Second, RPM may enlarge resellers' investment incentives through growing their capacity to fabulous value. This may be specifically relevant when upfront retailer funding is required - once more growing inter-brand competition.
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https://brainly.com/question/29410866#SPJ4which of the following types of donations would be deductible as charitable contributions? (check all that apply) multiple select question. checks made payable to (and as a donation to) the boy scouts of america volunteering 4 hours (personal services) at a local goodwill store
Donations would be deductible as charitable contributions check made payable to (and as a donation to) The Boy Scouts of America Land donated to a state university Cash donated to United Way.
A donor is someone who donates money or goods to a charity. It can also refer to someone who donates blood or body parts to help the sick or injured. An anonymous donor donated her $1 million. Living donors make up nearly half of all organ donors.
"Donate" gives the impression that you only want (or need) money. Naming your cause or campaign after words like "support" or "partner" can greatly increase donations as it invites people into the relationship.
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imf data suggests that developing countries are most likely to blank______.
IMF data suggests that developing countries are most likely to be low-income countries.
With its headquarters in Washington, D.C., the International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a significant United Nations financial agency and an international financial organization with 190 member nations. The organization's declared goals are to "seek to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, enable international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and eliminate poverty around the world."
It was established in 1944, and kicked off on December 27, 1945, at the Bretton Woods Conference, chiefly by the theories of Harry Dexter White and John Maynard Keynes. It officially came into existence in 1945 with 29 member nations and the objective of remaking the global monetary system. It now occupies a key position in the control of problems with the balance of payments and global financial crises.
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if the ltl rate is $10.00/cwt. with a 10m minimum and the truckload rate is $4.00/cwt. with a 40m minimum, how much will it cost to ship 38,500 lbs.?
An LTL Rate Quote is an estimated quantity of fees that end result from transferring an LTL cargo from starting place to destination.
Calculated based totally on facts shipper provides, such as: Origin / Destination Zip. Dimensions of Shipment. Weight of Shipment.
How do I rate a LTL shipment?Traditionally, LTL shipments are rated in accordance to tariffs. Carriers usually submit tariffs – also regarded as price bases – on an annual basis. A tariff is a price matrix that defines hundred weight (CWT) fees for all instructions and weights for all zip code combinations.
Since LTL shipments are smaller and leave room for different shipments, they are more cost effective due to the fact you will solely pay for the area that you use. FTL shipments use most of the complete truck and fee extra because you are paying for more space in the truck.
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https://brainly.com/question/15993287#SPJ4the largest exporters of coffee to the united states are 1. singapore and myanmar. 2. mexico, indonesia, and guatemala. 3. brazil, colombia, and vietnam. 4. panama, honduras, and chile.
the largest exporters of coffee to the united states are MAXICO.
Mexico is the country that exports the most coffee to the US.
Mexican java The majority of coffee sent to the US comes from Mexico, where Arabica beans are grown near the coast, in the southern states, and close to Guatemala's border.
More than 70 countries produce coffee, but the top 5 producers—Brazil, Vietnam, Colombia, Indonesia, and Ethiopia—account for the majority of the global output.
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The opening debt balance of company b is 18,230, and the repayment is scheduled for 2,150 per month at an annual interest rate of 4. 5%. The closing balance of debt at the end of the month is ______ and the interest payment is ______. Use the average debt balance to calculate the interest payment.
The closing balance of debt at the end of the month is $16080 and the interest payment is $64.33.
Within an organization, all the records of the expenses and the revenue should be maintained properly on a balance sheet. Also, the debt amount of the organization should be calculated and listed in the sheet. The formula for calculating the closing balance of debt at the end of the month and the interest payment is expressed as
Closing balance of debt at the end of the month = Opening balance of company A - Scheduled Repayment per month
Closing balance of debt at the end of the month = $18230 - $2150
Closing balance of debt at the end of the month = $16080
Now, the interest payment will be calculated as
Interest payment = Average Debt × Annual interest rate × 12 months
Interest payment = (($18230 + $16080) ÷ 2) × 0.045 ÷ 12 months
Interest payment = $64.33
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Elastic supply occurs when a small change in price brings about a large change in the quantity supplied. Which of the following is not a main factor that can lead to a good or service having elastic supply?
The product can be manufactured at a higher cost.
The product can be manufactured quickly.
The product can be manufactured using few resources.
The product can be manufactured using easily obtained resources.
Answer:
The product can be manufactured at a higher cost.
Explanation:
if demand is elastic, will shifts in supply have a larger effect on equilibrium quantity or on price?
The shift in quantity clearly corresponds to the price change. So, with an elastic demand, variations in supply and demand will have a considerably greater effect on equilibrium price than on quantity.
Quantity or amount is a quality that can exist as a plurality or magnitude, illustrating discontinuity and continuity. Quantities can be compared using the phrases "more," "less," or "equal," or by assigning a numerical value multiple of a unit of measurement. Quantitative properties include mass, time, distance, heat, and angle. Along with quality, substance, change, and relation, quantity is one of the fundamental kinds of things. Some quantities are defined by their intrinsic nature, such as heavy and light, long and short, broad and narrow, little and big, or much and little. Under the label of multitude comes what is discontinuous and discrete and ultimately divisible into indivisibles, such as army, fleet, flock, government, company, party, and people.
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your customer purchased 1,000 shares of smallco stock at $10 a share. smallco pays no dividends. exactly one year later, the customer sold the shares for $12 a share. they realized a
The customer realized a profit of $2000 by selling his shares at $12 each.
What do we mean by Shares?A share, which can also refer to shares of mutual funds, limited partnerships, and real estate investment trusts, is a unit of equity ownership in the capital stock of a firm in the financial markets. The term "share capital" describes all of an organization's shares.A share entitles the owner to an equal claim on the company's profits and losses.Equity shares and preference shares are the two main types of shares.So, the amount of shared purchased:
1000 × 10
$10,000
The amount in which share is sold:
1000 × 12
12,000
Profit: 12000 - 10000 = $2000
Therefore, the customer realized a profit of $2000 by selling his shares at $12 each.
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Dell and Telum are in a franchise agreement. They have a dispute as to their franchise agreement. Which of the following law(s) relates specifically to franchises?
A.
civil law
B.
the UCC and contract law
C.
constitutional law
D.
agency law
E.
corporate or partnership laws
The UCC and contract law are important to the dispute over their franchise agreement when Dell and Telum are parties to a franchise agreement.
What exactly is contract law?The area of law that deals with creating and upholding agreements is known as contract law. An agreement that can be enforced by a court is referred to as a contract. The branch of law known as contract law is responsible for regulating the formation of contracts, their execution, and the creation of just remedies in the event of a breach. Contract law is utilized by everyone who conducts business. Contracts are used by both businesses and customers when they buy and sell things, when they license goods or services, for employment agreements, for insurance agreements, and more.
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