The reason for the formation of vesicles in igneous rocks is the rapid cooling of lava flow by water.
What is vesicles?According to the explanation by Bates and Jackson (in their book called The Dictionary of Geologic Terms, 1984), the definition of vesicles is a small cavity in an aphanitic or glassy igneous rock, formed by expansion of a bubble of gas or steam during solidification of the rock. Igneous rocks that have vesicles are just igneous rocks that are formed from the cooling of molten magma that reaches the earth's surface or this type of magma is referred to as lava. The lava is usually mixed with water when it flows over the earth's surface.
Based on the expert's explanation, it can be said that vesicles in rocks are formed when magma comes out to the surface of the earth and then cools and hardens rapidly so that the gas trapped inside the rock has not had time to be released which then forms a vesicular texture.
In conclusion, the cause of the formation of vesicles in rocks is rapid cooling of a lava flow by water.
Read more about vesicles here:
https://brainly.com/question/6716016
#SPJ4
The red line marks the ____ Line, the boundary between hard bedrock in the mountains and soft sediments in the coastal plains. Stream gradient changes here, and it is marked by a series of _____
The red line marks the Fall Line, the boundary between hard bedrock in the mountains and soft sediments in the coastal plains. The stream gradient changes here, and it is marked by a series of waterfalls.
The area where an upland region and a coastal plain merge are known as a fall line (or fall zone), and it is usually noticeable where rivers pass it, creating rapids or waterfalls.
The coastal plain is made up of softer sedimentary rock, while the uplands are composed of comparatively hard crystalline basement rock. As the river clears away the uphill dense debris, a fall line will frequently move downstream, exposing bedrock shoals and creating "c"-shaped waterfalls(see attached file).
For more questions like Fall line click the link below:
https://brainly.com/question/10930134
#SPJ4
Which of the following would be categorized as a cultural ecosystem service of forests?
a. Recreation and scenic areas for tourism
b. Timber and landscape materials
c. Mushroom and plant harvests
d. Soil stabilization and air purification
Answer: A.
Explanation:
Recreation and tourism are the nonmaterial or cultural ecosystem services of forests.
Recreation and scenic areas for tourism h of the following would be categorized as a cultural ecosystem service of forests.
What is culture?The term culture is defined the as all the ways of life including arts, beliefs, and institutions of a population that are passed down from generation to generation as we see there are different forms of culture that can be there in it and the people follow them also in it.
The advantages people experience through their interactions with various environmental settings, such as parks or wooded areas, and the activities they engage in there, such as biking and strolling, are referred to as cultural ecosystem services.
Cultural services refer to the non-material benefits people receive from ecosystems. They consist of spiritual connections to the natural world, cultural identity, aesthetic inspiration, and a sense of belonging.
Therefore, option (A) is correct.
Learn more about the culture here:
brainly.com/question/12678729
#SPJ12
why does Newfoundland and Labrador get less earthquakes then British Columbia?
You won't have to deal with high temperatures because to the mild marine climate. The average summer temperature on the island of Newfoundland is 16°C (61°F), while the average winter temperature is around 0°C (32°F).
Although the winters in Labrador are a little colder, the short but pleasant summers can reach highs of 25°C (77°F). It is necessary to treat the province's two main halves, Newfoundland island and Labrador, as independent physiographic regions. The shape of the island is roughly triangular.
With older rocks from Europe and Africa on the east, more recent rocks from the Appalachians on the west, and the bed of the ancient ocean wedged in between, these forces have created a highly complex geologic structure.
To know more about ocean, click here:-
https://brainly.com/question/16237714
#SPJ9
Why did einstein originally place a cosmological constant in the equations for general relativity?.
Einstein's equations required the universe to expand or contract; he could not imagine or accept it doing either one, so he put a factor cosmological constant in his equation to stop it from moving.
What is Cosmological constant?
The cosmological constant, often known as Einstein's cosmological constant, is the constant coefficient of a term that Albert Einstein briefly added to his field equations of general relativity. It is typically represented in cosmology by the Greek capital letter lambda, or. Later, he took it away. It was renewed and reinterpreted many years later as the vacuum energy that emerges in quantum mechanics. It has a tight relationship to the idea of dark energy.
To learn more about Cosmological constant
https://brainly.com/question/28324878
#SP J4
Is our planet fixed and rigid, or is it in constant motion? Explain.
Answer: Planet Earth is a rigid body
Explanation: Meaning that the land masses remain relatively constant with respect to one another over time. As the Earth rotates about its axis, practically every point on the surface completes a full rotation.
If algae populations continue to decline, predict how this might impact the great barrier reef food web.
If algae populations continue to decline, the great barrier reef food web would crash.
Despite being a biodiverse and productive environment, coral reefs are in danger due to regional and global factors. Coral reef destruction as a result is endangering coastal food supplies and livelihoods. Climate predictions indicate that coral reefs would continue to experience significant changes even if the Paris Agreement's (Dec 2015) objectives are successfully carried out. Modified food webs, changes in community structure, decreased habitat complexity, decreased fecundity and recruitment, adjustments to fisheries productivity/opportunity, and a shift in some ecosystems' carbonate budgets toward the dissolution and erosion of calcium carbonate stocks are just a few examples of ecological changes.
The Great Barrier Reef, which is deteriorating. The largest living building in the world looked like this and this less than 20 years ago. However, current climate change pressures place it in grave danger of extinction.
To know more about Algae, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/4289110
#SPJ4
How do you know UK wearher is becoming more extreme?
During the beyond decade, iciness storms and floods, in addition to warmness and drought, appear to have turn out to be the brand new normal.
The required details about UK weather is mentioned in below paragraph.
The UK's weather is turning into greater intense. Some examples of intense climate withinside the UK include: heavy rain. gales, drought.Scientific research imply that intense climate activities which include warmness waves and big storms are possibly to turn out to be greater common or greater extreme with human-precipitated weather changeThe Met Office lists Shetland because the gustiest location in Britain, with an annual common wind velocity of 14.7 knots (it is a colour below 17 mph), at the same time as Orkney (14.three knots) and the Outer Hebrides (12.6 knots) additionally make the pinnacle fiveThe UK's weather is turning into greater intense. Some examples of intense climate withinside the UK include: heavy rain,gales,floods,heavy snowfall,thick fogwarmness ,wave,drought.
To learn about UK weather visit here.
https://brainly.com/question/8058998
#SPJ1
which one of the following shows the correct order (from left to right) of decreasing magma viscosity? (remember that viscosity is resistance to flow, so you should pick the answer that has the most viscous lava type on the left, and the least viscous [most runny] on the right.)
The correct answer is option A.
The correct order of decreasing magma viscosity is granite, andesite, and basalt.
What do you know about magma viscosity?
In solid rocks, magma viscosity is defined as the resistance that block or slows down the lava flow all the way down the rock.
In general, during a volcanic eruption the magma viscosity of the solidified rocks controls the lava flow and keep it under control.
To put it simply, the granite rock is made of granite magma with highest viscosity, andesite magma form andesite rock with medium viscosity and basalt magma produces basalt rock having lowest viscosity.
If you need to learn more about magma click here:
https://brainly.com/question/27842671
#SPJ4
The complete question is:
Which one of the following shows the correct order (from left to right) of decreasing magma viscosity? (remember that viscosity is resistance to flow, so you should pick the answer that has the most viscous lava type on the left, and the least viscous (most runny) on the right.
a. granite, andesite, basalt
b. andesite, granite, basalt
c. basalt, granite, andesite
d. basalt, andesite, granite
Match the activity to its climate effect
a. Decreased sunspot activity
b. Increased snow and ice cover on Earth
c. Release of CO2 and CH4 into the atmosphere
d. Large volcanic eruptions
1. Climate cools slightly
2. Increased albedo makes a cooler climate
3. More greenhouse gases tend to warm the planet
4. Ash and dust block sunlight, resulting in cooling
Answer:
ABCDThey were in order looks like it to me just read again and tell me if I am wrong. LOLWhere human engineering has deepened and narrowed rivers, flood crests are commonly ________ than in nonengineered sections.
The answer to the given question is higher. Where human engineering has deepened and narrowed rivers, flood crests are commonly higher than in nonengineered sections.
This may occur in flash flooding. Flash flooding is a type of flooding that happens in a short time (usually less than six hours) after a precipitation event. Mostly, this is caused by heavy or excessive rainfall and occurs in areas near rivers or lakes, but this also can occur in places with no water close by.
Flash floods occur in rural and urban areas. When more rainfall falls in an area than the ground can absorb, or it lands in areas with a lot of impermeable surfaces like concrete and asphalt that stop the ground from absorbing the precipitation, the water can rise very quickly.
Learn more about flood at: https://brainly.com/question/28725721
#SPJ4
Name spanish latin american countries that became independent between 1800 and 1830.
Argentina, Bolivia, Uruguay, Paraguay, Chile, Columbia, Mexico, Peru, and Ecuador became independent between 1800 and 1830.
The many uprisings that occurred in Latin America in the late 18th and early 19th centuries that led to the formation of a number of sovereign nations are known as the Latin American Wars of Independence. The American and French Revolutions that came afterward had a significant impact on the Spanish, Portuguese, and French possessions in the Americas.
The first country to gain independence after the United States was Haiti, a former French slave possession. Simon Bolivar led the Creoles of South America in their own revolutions, which helped the rest of Latin America obtain independence.
For more questions like Latin Spanish countries click the link below:
https://brainly.com/question/1355370
#SPJ4
i need help dont know true or false
Answer: True
Explanation: Brazil was colonized by the Portuguese in the sixteenth century, and Catholicism was introduced.
when pressure is applied to a pile of sediments, the grains will pack together more tightly, taking up less volume. water, however, simply stores the pressure. why?
A process where pressure is applied to a pile of sediments, the grains will pack together more tightly, taking up less water volume and simply stores the pressure because of compaction due to pressure from the continuous pile of material at the top of the sediment layer.
How does the compaction process occur in the sediment layer?Compaction is caused by a continuous pile of sedimentary material coupled with the erosion factor which increasingly brings more material which then accumulates and puts pressure on the top of the previously formed sediment layer. The occurrence of a pile of material that suppresses the lower layer of sediment is due to the quieter and slower flow or flow of the downstream river making it difficult to drain the material that is carried which then results in the accumulation of these materials and settles and suppresses the layers below. This pressure makes the sediment layers denser and less porous so that there is no room for water which was previously contained in rock crevices. The water content is released during the compaction process. It is one of the natural processes of changing sedimentary rock into a more complex rock.
In conclusion, compaction is one of the processes of changing sedimentary rock into a more complex rock that occurs when a layer of sediment is buried deeply and compressed by the layer of material above it so that it squeezes the grains very tightly.
Learn more about compaction at:
https://brainly.com/question/15070333
#SPJ4
speciation is the outcome of:
When a group within a species separates from other members of its species, it develops its own distinct characteristics. The demands of a different environment, as well as the characteristics of the new group's members, will distinguish the new species from their ancestors.
What are the consequences of evolution?Evolutionary change, in turn, typically alters the biological environment, influencing species interactions, for example. Non-biological processes and phenomena in the environment can be influenced by evolutionary change. People today face health challenges ranging from rashes to irritable bowel syndrome because our ancestors evolved the genetic variations associated with these conditions to benefit human health, according to a new study. Since the beginning of time, our species has changed. Some changes were global in nature, while others were more regional in nature. Changes in global populations include a reduction in overall body size and brain size, as well as a reduction in jaw and tooth proportions.To learn more about speciation, refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/2113835
#SPJ4
HELPPP Which of the following correctly compares European colonizers' treatment of indigenous peoples of the New World with their treatment of indigenous peoples in Africa?
Question 3 options:
They settled peaceably among indigenous people in the Americas but carried on warfare with people of Africa.
They formed trading relations with native leaders in both the Americas and Africa.
They formed a government to control indigenous people in the Americas and allowed each indigenous group in Africa to keep their precolonial governments.
They allowed indigenous people to keep the boundaries of their own territories in both the Americas and Africa.
They divided up areas in both the Americas and Africa between five European nations at the Berlin Conference held in 1884–1885.
A statement that correctly compares European colonizers' treatment of indigenous peoples of the New World with those in Africa is that They divided up areas in both the Americas and Africa between five European nations at the Berlin Conference held in 1884–1885.
How did the Europeans take over the Americas and Africa?When the Europeans came to the Americas, they divided up the continent into areas that they would control as part of their empires. They then took resources from these areas.
The same was true in Africa thanks to the Berlin Conference which divided up Africa into the European nations which then set up colonies.
Find out more on European treatment of Africans at https://brainly.com/question/12537945
#SPJ1
following a major earthquake, aftershocks diminish in magnitude but may still be powerful enough to destroy or further damage weakened buildings.
a. true
b. false
what is the best way to describe the distribution of government power?
It refers back to the areal department of powers political and bureaucratic decentralization, federal and unitary states, and decentralization among degrees of presidency and inside gadgets of presidency.
The required details about distribution of government power is mentioned in below paragraph.
The distribution of government power is the concept that strength held with the aid of using a central authority is split amongst identical however unbiased palms of the government. distribution of government power is an vintage idea typically exhibited in democratic governments because it usually decentralizes the government. This is due to the fact a central authority is capable of oppress its human beings whilst it holds greater strength which includes in an autocracy like a country or dictatorship.
In many governments today, powers are usually divided the various legislative, govt, and judicial branches in constitutional republics which includes withinside the United States. In different kinds of democracy, which includes the parliamentary structures of the UK and Italy, the independence of the govt and legislative branches is much less strict as the pinnacle of presidency is chosen as a high minister from the various parliament.
To learn about distribution of government power visit here.
https://brainly.com/question/28628117
#SPJ1
Which layer of a tropical rainforest receives the least sunlight? a. The top canopy b. The second layer of the canopy c. The third layer of the canopy d. The ground please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d.
The ground or the forest floor layer of a tropical rainforest receives the least sunlight.
Between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, tropical rainforests can be found. They can be found in Australia, New Guinea, Central and South America, western and central Africa, Southeast Asia, and western India.
There are four main layers in tropical rainforests: the canopy layer, the emergent layer, and the understory layer. Each layer has its own traits and is unique from the others, yet species and processes in one layer have an impact on those in the others.
Since the forest floor layer is the darkest of the four, it is impossible for plants to grow there. Slugs, scorpions, worms, and fungi, among other decomposers, flourish on the forest floor. When organic matter falls from trees and plants, it is broken down by living things into nutrients.
To know more about Tropical rainforest, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/235998
#SPJ4
when visualizing how to fight a fire, the goal is to remove one of the sides of the . (enter only one word per blank.)
Visualizing how to fight a fire, the goal is to remove one of the sides of the fire and triangle.
You have to constantly take into account the five-2nd rule. If the hearthplace is extinguished in five seconds and the vicinity is safe, you have to live and overhaul the hearthplace.Fire supplied a supply of heat and lighting, safety from predators (specifically at night), a manner to create greater superior looking tools, and a way for cooking food. These cultural advances allowed human geographic dispersal, cultural innovations, and adjustments to food regimen and behavior.
whilst thinking about whether or not to address a small hearthplace yourself in case you find out one, constantly endure in thoughts the golden rule of hearthplace safety; If in doubt, get out, live out and speak to the Firefighters immediately.
Learn more about Firefighters here:
https://brainly.com/question/28141689
#SPJ4
_____ floods involve quickly rising and falling water levels caused by heavy rains in a small basin, whereas in _____ floods, the water levels rise and fall more slowly within a larger drainage basin.
Flash floods involve quickly rising and falling water levels caused by heavy rains in a small basin, whereas in regional floods, the water levels rise and fall more slowly within a larger drainage basin.
What is Flash and Regional flood?
Flash floods occur when the water level (water level) in a stream or otherwise dry canal rises sharply due to runoff from excessive rainfall. Flash floods are more common in dry climates and rocky areas. Lack of soil and vegetation causes torrential rain to run over the land instead of infiltrating the ground.Regional flooding is usually seasonal, with winter and spring rains mixing with melted snow to overcrowd river basins and inundate levees. It also occurs during periods of excessive rainfall, when rain saturates the soil and runoff water floods streams and rivers,Learn more about Flash and Regional floods from the link below
https://brainly.com/question/10676203
#SPJ4
one soil-forming factor is the parent material (earth materials) from which the soil develops; the other four soil-forming factors are
the other four soil-forming factors are Climate (cl) ,Organisms (o) ,Relief (r)
,Time (t)
What are the factors of soil formation?
Climate affects soil formation through temperature. Accelerate or decelerate a chemical reaction or biological activity. High precipitation forces mineral and organic constituents downward through the profile. This is a process known as leaching. Where annual precipitation is low, evaporation dominates and biological activity is low or non-existent.Plant and animal organisms are important determinants of soil formation. In certain situations, humans have had overwhelming influence on generated soils.Location within the landscape has a significant impact on soil development. Soil at the top of slopes can be subject to water erosion, while water can accumulate at the bottom of the terrain. The connection of soil on the slope is called a catena.The soil goes through stages of development. There are young soils and old or weathered soils. Deeply depleted soils dominate ancient plateaus in the tropics that have been exposed to weathering for very long periods of time. These are classified as FerralSols.Parent material is the geological mother material from which the soil is formed by weathering. Its composition affects the mineral content of the soil. Plants and organisms are sources of organic matter.
Learn more about factors of soil formation from the link below
https://brainly.com/question/1593669
#SPJ4
this photograph best describes which geographic concept? an ethnic enclave gentrification urban decline ghettoization a barrio
The photograph best describes the geographic concept of an ethnic enclave.
In sociology, an ethnic enclave refers to a geographic area marked by high ethnic concentration, characteristic cultural identity, and economic activity. The term is usually used in regard to a residential area or a workspace with a high concentration of ethnic companies. In order words, an ethnic enclave refers to a geographical area where a specific ethnic group is spatially clustered. Furthermore, socially and economically distinct from the majority group. The examples found throughout US history of ethnic enclaves, including Cubans in Miami, New York's Chinatown, Japanese and Korean enclaves in California, and Jewish communities in Manhattan.
Learn more about Ethnic enclave:
https://brainly.com/question/13421740
#SPJ4
Why is the earthquake probability on the south segment of the san andreas fault lower than on other faults of the bay area?.
Due to several reasons, the possibility of an earthquake on the south segment of the San Andreas fault is lower than on other faults of the bay areas.
What is an earthquake?
An earthquake, is any sudden ground trembling brought on by seismic waves moving through the planet's rocks. When a kind of energy held inside the Earth's crust is abruptly released, typically when masses of rock rubbing up against one another unexpectedly crack and "slide," seismic waves are created. Geologic faults, which are confined areas where rock masses can move about one another, are where earthquakes happen most frequently. The most enormous tectonic plates that make up the crust of the Earth are where the majority of the world's major fault lines are found.
The earthquake probability on the south segment of the San Andreas fault is lower than on other faults of the bay area because:-
Several subparallel faults that run across the San Francisco Bay Area allow for the relative motion of the Pacific and North American plates. The Bay Area is home to the San Andreas Fault and six important fault zones, including the Calaveras, Concord-Green Valley, Greenville, Hayward, Rodgers Creek, and San Gregorio Faults. Simple lines used to depict the flaws here do not adequately illustrate how complex they can be. Active faults might be made up of several breaks along convoluted, twisted pathways, making them extremely difficult. Examine the precise charting of the Hayward Fault to decide for yourself.The San Francisco Bay Area saw potentially harmful earthquakes (magnitude 6.0 or more) on average once every four years in the latter half of the 1800s. However, seismic activity rates sharply decreased following the 1906 earthquake because, according to scientists, the earthquake's significant release of stress also reduced strains on faults throughout the Bay Area. Up until the 6.9 magnitude Loma Prieta earthquake in 1989, seismic activity was quite low. Although the degree of seismic activity has not yet reached that of the late 1800s, as tensions increase, scientists predict that earthquakes will become more frequent and more powerful in the future. The file that follows provides an analysis of the Bay Area's historical ruptures dating back to 1836.Learn more about Earthquake from the link below
https://brainly.com/question/15568486
#SPJ4
as a result of the subduction of oceanic crust under continental crust, magma is most likely to erupt from: an ocean ridge a volcanic chain an island arc an ocean trench
As a result of the subduction of oceanic crust under continental crust, magma is most likely to erupt from volcanic chain.
What is subduction process?
At convergent borders, the oceanic lithosphere is recycled into the Earth's mantle through the geological process of subduction. A heavier plate dips beneath the second plate and into the mantle when the oceanic lithosphere of one plate converges with the less dense lithosphere of another plate.
When one oceanic plate falls beneath another, an island arc of volcanoes forms. When oceanic crust descends into continental crust, it generates a volcanic arc, which is a chain of volcanoes on land.
To learn more about Subduction process:
https://brainly.com/question/12749892
#SPJ4
immense seasonal storms that form in the indian ocean are called , whereas if they form in the atlantic, they are called , and if they form in the pacific, they are called .
Immense seasonal storms that form in the Indian ocean are called, whereas if they form in the Atlantic, they are called, hurricanes.
A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating thunderstorm system characterized by a low-pressure center, closed atmospheric circulation at low altitudes, strong winds, and spiraling thunderstorms that produce heavy rains and gusts.
hurricanes Known as Typhoon Warling in the Philippines, the Typhoon Type was the largest and most powerful tropical cyclone ever recorded. Deputy Director of the National Hurricane Center, Dr. According to a 2014 study by Edward Rappaport, most drowned during storm surges, flash floods, or heavy waves.Learn more about hurricanes here: https://brainly.com/question/18221136
#SPJ4
The recent climate related floods in pakistan have affected more than
The correct answer is the recent climate related floods in Pakistan have affected more than 33 million people.
Floods in Pakistan have claimed 1,717 lives since June 14th. Heavy monsoon rains that were unusual and glaciers that began to melt after a severe heat wave all contributed to the floods, which are all related to climate change.
A recent scientific study suggests that climate change played a role in the fatal floods that occurred in Pakistan. Following August's record-breaking rainfall, the floods left more than 30 million people without a home and claimed around 1500 lives.
The analysis supports the government of Pakistan's assertion that the calamity was unquestionably caused by global warming.
Since the government began maintaining thorough national meteorological data in 1961, Pakistan had the wettest August. The Pakistan Meteorological Department estimates that the provinces severely damaged by the floods received up to eight times as much rain as normal.
To know more about the similar questions on 'floods'
visit- https://brainly.com/question/9457756
#SPJ1
You called into a radio how and won an airplane ticket to anywhere in the world. Where would you go? Why would you chooe that location?
If won an airplane ticket to anywhere in the world i would go Egypt is home to one of the world's earliest and greatest civilizations.
Why Egypt is so special?Egypt has more to offer than you might think despite its reputation for ancient artefacts and a lengthy history. Egypt should be on your bucket list because of its incredible natural beauty, from its dreamlike waters and golden beaches to its magnificent architecture and natural healing methods.
Ancient Egypt's culture is renowned for its astounding accomplishments in a wide range of disciplines, including as art and architecture, engineering, medicine, and statecraft. Those who view its impressive structures along the river still gasp in astonishment.
The Nile River Valley, which contains the majority of the nation's fertile land and is home to the world's longest river, is where the majority of economic activity occurs. Manufacturing, agriculture, and tourism are significant industries. Uncertainties in society and politics have hurt Egypt's economy, slowing foreign investment and sectors like tourism.
To learn more about Egypt refer :
https://brainly.com/question/20262049
#SPJ4
There once was a question here.I answered it myself thank you!
Answer:
I don't understand please
outline two economic impacts of coastal processes on human activity
Answer:
i dont understand whst your asking
Explanation:
shallow, wind-driven ocean currents traveling clockwise in the northern hemisphere and counterclockwise in the southern hemisphere are called . ocean currents that sink as a result of increased density and are part of the thermohaline conveyor are called .
Shallow, wind-pushed ocean currents touring clockwise withinside the northern hemisphere and counterclockwise withinside the southern hemisphere are referred to as Surface current.
Ocean currents that sink because of multiplied density and are a part of the thermohaline conveyor are referred to as .deep current.
The required details about Surface current. is mentioned in below paragraph.
Large-scale Surface current are pushed with the aid of using international wind structures which might be fueled with the aid of using power from the sun. These currents switch warmness from the tropics to the polar regions, influencing neighborhood and international climate.
Surface currents are pushed with the aid of using international wind structures which might be fueled with the aid of using power from the sun. These currents convey warmness from the tropics to the polar regions; the Gulf Stream, for instance, brings heat water alongside the japanese coast of the United States as much as Northern Europe.
To learn about Surface current visit here.
https://brainly.com/question/984737
#SPJ4