The amount, in grams, of water that can be made when 12.1 moles of [tex]HNO_3[/tex] are consumed would be 72.54 grams.
Stoichiometric problemFrom the balanced equation of the reaction, the mole ratio of [tex]HNO_3[/tex] to water is 3:1.
This means that for every 3 moles of [tex]HNO_3[/tex], 1 mole of water will be produced.
3 mole [tex]HNO_3[/tex] = 1 mole water
12.1 moles HNO3 = 12.1x1/3
= 4.03 mol
Recall that: mass = mole x molar mass
The molar mass of water is 18 g/mol
Thus, the mass of 4.03 mol of water = 4.03 x 18 = 72.54 grams
In other words, going by the equation of the reaction, the mass of water that can be made when 12.1 moles of [tex]HNO_3[/tex] are consumed would be 72.54 grams.
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What is the formula for calculating kinetic energy?
KE= 1/2mv²
KE=2mv²
KE=1/2m²v
KE=2m²v
Answer:
The formula for kinetic energy is KE= 1/2mv²
Explanation:
Hope it helps you
PLS RATE AS BRAINLIEST ANSWER
are these reactions balanced or unbalanced ?
What is the name of the charge that orbits the nucleus called?
Answer:
Electrons
Explanation:
"An electron is a negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom."
"Electrons are negatively charged particles arranged in orbits around the nucleus of an atom"
Drawings/ diagram of polyatomic ions (structural formula)
PLEASE HELP I NEED IT
GIVING 100 points
PLEASE IT MAKE FAIR I NEED IMAGES OF IT
Polyatomic ions are ions made up of more than one atom.
What are Atoms?
Atoms are the smallest particles of matter that make up all objects. They are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons make up the nucleus of the atom, while electrons orbit around the nucleus. Atoms are the basic units of matter and are the building blocks of all living and nonliving things.
Polyatomic ions are ions that consist of two or more atoms covalently bonded together and carrying a net electric charge. Examples of polyatomic ions include nitrate (NO3−), sulfate (SO42−), phosphate (PO43−), and carbonate (CO32−).
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EXPLAIN Before medical images are taken, radioisotopes are often injected into a vein in a patient’s arm, or the patient drinks a solution containing the radioisotopes. Why do
you think atoms in the body usually do not emit radiation?
Answer: adioisotopes, are species of chemical elements that are produced through the natural decay of atoms. Exposure to radiation generally is considered harmful to the human body, but radioisotopes are highly valuable in medicine, particularly in the diagnosis and treatment of disease.
Explanation:
Using ethylene (HC-CHz) as your only source of carbon atoms, outline a synthesis for 3- hexanone,
The organic compound 3-hexanone can be prepared from ethylene using the second method given in the options.
What is 3-hexanone?3-hexanone is an organic compound classified to the ketones. Ketones are compounds with C=O group. 3-hexnone has the carbonyl group in the third carbon in the chain.
3- hexanone can be synthesized alkene sources by first converting them to alkynes. This process is oxidation. Ethylene can be oxidized to ethyne by treating with HBr and NaNH2 followed by hydrolysis.
The obtained higher alkyne or hexyne undergone acid hydrolysis in presence of sulphuric acid giving 3-hexanone.
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Which electron configuration represents a transition element?
01s²2s²2p³
01522s22p635²
1s²2s²2p63s²3p64s²3d7
1s22s22p63s23p64s²3d¹04p4
The electronic configuration which represents a transition element is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d⁷
What is a transition element?Transition elements are placed between the metallic S-block elements and nonmetallic P-block elements in the periodic table. They are D-block elements and have features similar to both metals and nonmetals, to some extent. This is why they are called transition elements.
One remarkable feature of these elements happens during the addition of electrons to them. Contrary to S and P-block elements, electrons are added to the penultimate shell, not the last shell. These elements often feature partially filled d-orbitals and have multiple oxidation states.
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The Law of Conservation of Matter states that in a closed system, matter cannot be created or destroyed. This means that atoms can NOT just appear or disappear. The mass will not change in a closed system.
This, however, is NOT what we observed. We observed that the mass of the substance in our measuring tray increased after burning.
Why do you think this happened? Where did the extra mass come from?
REMEMBER: Energy (light, heat, motion, etc.) is not made of atoms so has no mass.
RESOURCE: Access your online textbook through CLEVER, click to get the blue ribbon across the top of the page and go to the Table of Contents. Scroll down to Lesson 9 Conservation of Matter and select "Extending Your Knowledge: Mass and Matter"
Answer:
The Law of Conservation of Matter states that in a chemical reaction, matter is not created or destroyed. However, it is possible for the mass of a substance to change during a chemical reaction, as you observed.
When a substance burns, it reacts with oxygen in the air to form new compounds. For example, when wood burns, it reacts with oxygen to form water and carbon dioxide. The mass of the wood plus the mass of the oxygen is equal to the mass of the water and carbon dioxide produced.
In this case, the extra mass that you observed came from the oxygen that reacted with the wood. Oxygen has mass, and when it reacts with the wood, the mass of the resulting compounds is greater than the mass of the starting materials.
It's important to note that energy is not a form of matter, and therefore has no mass. However, energy can be converted into matter and vice versa, according to the famous equation E=mc^2, where E is energy, m is mass, and c is the speed of light. This equation demonstrates that mass and energy are fundamentally connected and can be converted into each other under certain conditions.
Explanation:
Which of these is an example of a physical property?
A. Chlorine oxidizes bacterial cells.
B. Chlorine gas is yellow-green in color.
C. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's) react with ozone (O₂).
D. Potassium ignites when placed in water.
Answer:
B. Chlorine gas is yellow-green in color.
What is the molecular weight of MgCl2
The molecular weight of MgCl₂ is 94 g/mol.
What is molecular weight?This refers to the total mass of a compound. It is equivalent to the sum of the individual atomic masses of each atom in the molecule.
Steps to determine the molecular formula of the molecule.
Determine the atomic mass of each element in the molecule.Multiply each element's atomic mass by the number of atoms of that element in the molecule. This number is represented by the subscript next to the element symbol in the molecular formula.Add these values together for each different atom in the molecule.The total will be the molecular mass of the compound.Atomic number of Cl =17
Atomic number of Mg = 12
Mass number of Cl = 35
Mass number of Mg = 24
Calculating the molecular weight of MgCl₂
MgCl₂
=(12* 2) + (35*2)
= 24 + 70
= 94 g/mol.
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A transverse wave is shown here. Several wave properties are labeled with letters. Which of these statements accurately reflects the energy associated with the wave? Select ALL that apply. Responses A Y is the frequency, and an increase in Y is associated with an increase in energy.Y is the frequency, and an increase in Y is associated with an increase in energy. B W is the amplitude, and a decrease in W is associated with an increase in energy.W is the amplitude, and a decrease in W is associated with an increase in energy. C W is the amplitude, and an increase in W is associated with an increase in energy.W is the amplitude, and an increase in W is associated with an increase in energy. D Z is the displacement, and a decrease in Z is associated with an increase in energy.Z is the displacement, and a decrease in Z is associated with an increase in energy. E X is wavelength, and a decrease in X is associated with an increase in energy.
Answer:
C) W is the amplitude, and an increase in W is associated with an increase in energy.
E) X is wavelength, and a decrease in X is associated with an increase in energy.
Explanation:
A transverse wave consists of an oscillating electric field that is perpendicular to the direction of the wave. Increasing either the amplitude or the wavelength of the wave increases its energy. For a transverse wave, the amplitude corresponds to W, while the wavelength is labeled X. So increasing W or decreasing X will create increase the energy of the wave.
The heat of vaporization for benzaldehyde is 48.8 kJ/mol, and its normal boiling point is 451.0 K. Use this information to determine benzaldehyde's vapor pressure (in torr) at 49.5°C. Report your answer to three significant digits.
The vapor pressure at 49.5 °C is:
DP = 48.8 kJ/mol / 8.314 J/mol*K * (1/451.0 K - 1/322.65 K) * 49.5
DP = 0.24 torr (approx)
The vapor pressure of benzaldehyde at 49.5°C is approximately 0.24 torr.
How to calculate heat of vaporization?The heat of vaporization (ΔHvap) and the normal boiling point (Tb) can be used to determine the vapor pressure of a liquid at a given temperature using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. The Clausius-Clapeyron equation states that the change in vapor pressure (DP) with temperature (DT) is directly proportional to the heat of vaporization (ΔHvap) and inversely proportional to the absolute temperature (T) in kelvin.
DP/DT = ΔHvap / R * (1/T)
where R is the gas constant.
We can use this equation to solve for the vapor pressure of benzaldehyde at 49.5°C.
First, convert 49.5°C to kelvin:
T = 49.5°C + 273.15 = 322.65 K
Next, we need to use the Clausius-Clapeyron equation to solve for vapor pressure at a temperature T and the normal boiling point Tb:
DP/DT = ΔHvap / R * (1/T) = ΔHvap / R * (1/Tb - 1/T)
DP = ΔHvap / R * (1/Tb - 1/T) * DT
The vapor pressure at 49.5 °C is:
DP = 48.8 kJ/mol / 8.314 J/mol*K * (1/451.0 K - 1/322.65 K) * 49.5
DP = 0.24 torr (approx)
The vapor pressure of benzaldehyde at 49.5°C is approximately 0.24 torr.
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The vapor pressure of the benzaldehyde is 196 torr.
What is the vapor pressure?We know that the vapor pressure would have to do with the ease that we can use to convert the substance that is in question from liquid to gas. When we have two substances that are at different temperatures than we have;
ln(P2/P1) = -ΔH/R(1/T1 - 1/T2)
P2 = final pressure
P1 = initial pressure
R = gas constant
T1 = initial temperature
T2 = final temperature
Thus;
ln(P2/1) = -48.8* 10^3/8.314(1/451 - 1/322.5)
lnP2 = -5869.6(0.0022 - 0.0031)
lnP2 = 5.28
P2 =e^5.28
P2 = 196 torr
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Which block of elements is non-reducing?
Answer: S-block elements
Explanation: Elements of S-block are prepared through the electrolysis process not by the reduction of their compounds with the other group elements of their compounds. For example in Carbon dioxide carbon is non reducing because oxidation state of `C "in" CO_(2)` is `+4`, which is maximum So it does not undergo oxidation, and hence, it is not a reducing agent.
(NEED HELP ASAP)
Match the action to the effect on the equilibrium position for the reaction N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g). (3 points)
1.
Adding a catalyst
2.
Removing hydrogen gas
3.
Increasing the pressure
a.
Shift to the right
b.
Shift to the left
c.
No effect
For the given reaction, according to Le -Chatlier principle adding a catalyst will bring the reaction to the right. Removing the hydrogen gas shift the equilibrium to the left and increasing pressure also shift to right.
What is Le -Chatlier principle ?According to this principle, when some a disorder is affecting the equilibrium of the system. The system balanced the factors which created the disorder and make a new equilibrium.
A catalyst always helps to proceed the reaction in the forward direction. Thus adding a catalyst shift the equilibrium to the right.
If any reactant or produced is removed from the system, the system shifts to the equilibrium to that direction in which they are producing. Removing hydrogen gas will then shift the reaction to the right to produce more hydrogen.
Increasing pressure shift the equilibrium to those direction in which the number of number of moles of gases decreases. Hence, the reaction shifts to the right here.
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The density of oxygen gas at a certain temperature and pressure is 1.345 g cm-3. How many oxygen atoms are present in 2.0 L of oxygen gas at this same temperature and pressure?
The number of oxygen atoms present in 2.0L of oxygen gas at same temperature and pressure is 5.1 × 10²² atoms.
How to calculate number of atoms?The number of atoms of a substance can be calculated by multiplying the number of moles in the substance by Avogadro's number (6.02 × 10²³).
no of atoms = no of moles × 6.02 × 10²³
According to this question, the density of oxygen gas at a certain temperature and pressure is 1.345 g cm-³. If 2.0 L of oxygen gas is given, the mass of the oxygen gas can be calculated as follows:
mass = 1.345 × 2 = 2.69grams
moles = 2.69g ÷ 32g/mol = 0.084moles
No of atoms = 0.084 mol × 6.02 × 10²³
no of atoms = 5.1 × 10²² atoms
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HELP ME PLS
type an actual answer insted of saying I will help you
Answer:
develops,blossoms are synonyms
Assign oxidation numbers to each atom in each substance. Then check your work by summoning to zero for each compound or the charge on the ion for the polyatomic. (Please help I am awful at chemistry )
The oxidation number of the atoms in the given compounds are :
K₂O: K = + 1; O = -2;
PO₃⁻³: P = +3; O = -2
NH₃: N = -3; H = +1
Cu(NO₃)₂: Cu = +2; N = +5; O = -2
NO₃⁻¹: N = +5; O = -2
CO₂: C = +4; O = -2
KClO₃: K = +1; Cl = + 5; O = -2
O₂: O = 0
Ca(ClO₄)₂: Ca = +2; Cl = +7; O = -2
What is the oxidation number of elements?The number of electrons an atom or ion has either gained or lost in comparison to the neutral atom is known as the oxidation number or state of the atom or ion.
Group I, 2, and 3 electropositive metal atoms lose a certain number of electrons, and their positive oxidation numbers remain constant.
The oxidation number of the atoms in the given compounds are as follows:
K₂0
K = + 1
O = -2
Sum is (+1 * 2) + (-2) = 0
PO₃⁻³
P = + 3
O = -2
Sum is (+3) + (-2 * 3) = -3
NH₃
N = -3
H = +1
Sum is (-3) + (+1 * 3) = 0
Cu(NO₃)₂
Cu = +2
N = +5
O = -2
Sum is (+2) + (+5 * 2) + (-2 * 6) = 0
NO₃⁻¹
N = +5
O = -2
Sum is (+5) + (-2 * 3) = -1
CO₂
C = +4
O = -2
Sum is (+4) + (-2 * 2) = 0
KClO₃
K = +1
Cl = + 5
O = -2
Sum is (+1) + (5) + (-2 * 3) = 0
O₂
O = 0
Sum is (0 * 2) = 0
Ca(ClO₄)₂
Ca = +2
Cl = +7
O = -2
Sum is (+2) + (+7 * 2) + (-2 * 8) = 0
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The EM Spectrum is the __________ range of EM waves in order of __________ frequency and __________ wavelength.
Answer:
entire, increasing, decreasing
Explanation:
The EM Spectrum is the entire range of EM waves in order of increasing frequency and decreasing wavelength.
I understand how a change in the size of the moon jellies' resource population can change the number of births in the moon jelly population.
Responses
Explain your answer choice.
A change in the size of the moon jellies' resource population can change the number of births in the moon jelly population because the big size of the resources can produce more births.
How do moon jellies reproduce?When there is more energy storage molecules present in the moon jellies, they can reproduce more, in more births. Fewer deaths would also lead to the jelly population increasing. The sea turtle population, and the moon jellies consumer population is also decreased.
There must be a change to the birth rate or the death rate in the moon jelly population. Within a population, organisms are born and dying continuously. If the number of births and deaths in a given time interval are equal, then the population size will remain stable.
So we can conclude that a large population of resources will lead to more births.
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Explain, in terms of subatomic particles in energy states, how the colors in a fireworks display are produced
Salts are heated to extremely high temperatures during a display of fireworks. The salts' ions pick up energy and get excited. Exciting hues are created as energy in the form of light is emitted from the ions. Each salt's metal ion can be identified by the hue of the light that is emitted.
What are subatomic particles?Subatomic particles refer to the three fundamental particles that make up the atom.
The subatomic particles include:
electronsprotons, and neutronsElectrons occupy several energy states. When electrons gain energy, they move to a higher energy state. The electrons on returning to a lower energy state emit radiation that is seen as several light color displays in fireworks.
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The half-life of Po-218 is three minutes. How much of a 2.0 gram sample remains after 15 minutes? Suppose you wanted to buy some of this isotope, and it required half an hour for it reach you. How much should you order if you need to use 0.10 gram of this material?
(2)(½^(15/3)) = 0.0625 (5 half-lives) 102.4 grams order
What is the half-life of an isotope?A radionuclide's half-life is the amount of time it takes for half of its radioactive atoms to decay. A good rule of thumb is that you will have less radiation than 1% of the original amount after seven half-lives.Knowing an element's alpha, beta, or gamma decay can help someone properly protect their body from excessive radiation. Within one half-life, the amount of radioactive nuclei present at any particular time will be reduced to half.Each radioisotope has a set half-life that can be anywhere between a few milliseconds (for example, 215At at 0.1 milliseconds) and billions of years (e.g.,238U at 4.468 billion years). Both stable and radioactive isotopes can exist for an element.The period of time needed for something to go from 50% to 50%To learn more about half-life of an isotope refers to:
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Charged Particles
Charge on Particle Number of Particles
Positive 3
Negative 2
A negatively charged substance is brought near the ion. What will most likely happen?
(A) The negatively charged ion will repel the substance.
(B) The negatively charged ion will attract the substance.
(C) The positively charged ion will repel the substance.
(D) The positively charged ion will attract the substance.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
cause overall charge is +1 so will attract
Depression in freezing point of non-electrolyte solution containing 29.5 g of a substance in 100 g of water is 1.6 K. Determine the molar weight of the substance. (Cryometry).
The depression in freezing point of the electrolyte is 1.6 K. The weight of the solute added is 29.5 g. Then the molar mass of the compound is obtained to be 342.93 g/mol.
What is depression in freezing point?Addition of a non-volatile solute into a solvent decreases the freezing point of the solution. The depression in freezing point is calculated as follows:
ΔT = W₂ 1000 Kf / (M W₁)
where W₂ be the mass of solute and W₁ is that of solvent, Kf is called molal depression constant. M be the molar mass of the solute.
Given ΔT = 1.6 K
W₂ = 29.5 g
W₁ = 100 g
Kf of water = 1.86 K/m
Then M = W₂ 1000 Kf / ( ΔT W₁)
M = 29.5 g× 1000 × 1.86 / (1.6 K × 100 g) = 342.9 g/mol
Thus, the molar mass of the solute is 342.9 g/mol.
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At which of the following temperatures is the average kinetic energy of molecules od a substance greatest
Answer:
Correct option is C)
Kinetic Energy at 20
o
C=293K
=3/2K
B
T=3/2K
B
(293)J=K.E
1
kE
2
=2K.E
1
2
2
3
K
^
B
(293)=
2
3
K
^
B
T
T=586K
=313
o
C
What happens when,
a) Hydrogen gas is bubbled into acidified potassium permanganate solution?
b) Some piece of zinc are added into acidified permanganate solution?
c) Hydrogen gas is bubbled into acidified potassium dichromate solution?
d) Some pieces of zinc are added in acidified potassium dichromate solution?
e) Hydrogen gas is bubbled into acidified ferric chloride solution?
f) Some piece of zinc are added into acidified ferric chloride solution?
Add the required chemical reactions as well
Explanation:
I)reaction between potassium paramagnet with H2 forms MnO2
Remember: all EM waves travel at the same __________. The equation for speed is __________ times the __________. So, for the answer to always be 300,000km/s, as one number goes __________, the other must go __________. All EM waves are __________. The higher the __________, the more __________ in the wave.
All the EM waves travel at the same speed. The equation for speed is frequency (v) times the wavelength (λ). Speed of light equals 300000 km/s. Hence one number goes to 3 × 10⁸ m and other number is 1 s⁻¹.
What is an electromagnetic wave ?Electromagnetic waves are waves moving without a medium through vacuum. They are accompanied with an electric field and magnetic field. The speed of an electromagnetic wave is the product its wavelength and frequency.
c = νλ
Therefore, the given passage can be filled as follows:
All the EM waves travel at the same speed. The equation for speed is frequency (v) times the wavelength (λ). Speed of light equals 300000 km/s. Hence one number goes to 3 × 10⁸ m and other number is 1 s⁻¹.
All EM waves are energetic. The higher the frequency the more energy in the wave.
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the maximum allowed concentrations of chloride in municipal drinking water supply in 250 ppm cl. when the supply of water exceeds this limit it often has a distinctive salty taste. what is the concentration in molarity?
The allowed concentration of Cl in water is 250 ppm. Then the equivalent concentration in molarity is 0.007 molar.
What is molarity ?Molarity is a common term used to express the concentration of a solution. It is the ratio of the number of moles of solute to the volume of solution in liters. Molarity is a temperature dependent measurement.
Parts per million is another term of concentration have the formula as written below:
ppm = ws/W × 10⁶
Where, ws is the weight of solute and W be the weight of solution in grams.
1 molar = 35500 ppm
therefore, 250 ppm = 250 ppm × 1M /35500 ppm = 0.007 M.
Hence, the molarity of the salt solution will with the maximum allowed concentration will be 0.007 M.
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Calculate the mass percent composition of nitrogen in each nitrogen containing compound
Mass percent of a compound=(mass of element in molecule/total mass of compound)×100 (a) 63.64%
What is mass percentage composition ?We use the concept of mass percentage composition to explain the concentration of an element in a compound or a component in a combination. This word refers to the overall percent by mass of each element present in a compound.
In chemistry, a compound's percent composition is calculated by dividing its total amount of each elements by the compound's total amount, multiplied by 100. The following formula determines an element's percentage composition:
(gE/gT) = %CE 100
Here, %CE stands for the element's composition in percent.
How to calculate the percentage of each element by mass makes up each compound?
To get the mass percent of an element in a compound, multiply the result by 100 after dividing the mass of the element in 1 mole of the compound by the compound's molar mass.
Calculating total mass of HNO3
= 1 x 1 + 14 x 1 + 16 x 3
= 1 + 14 + 48
= 63
Calculating the mass percentage of Nitrogen in HNO3
= 1/63 x 100
= 1.586 %
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why is it important for a consumer to know the properties of a textile fibre
A thorough understanding of clothing and textiles will enable one to evaluate standards and product brands intelligently. It will also help one develop the capacity to recognize fabric quality, which will help one understand the best applications for the various qualities.
Understanding why some fabrics are more durable and so more suited for particular uses comes from studying textiles. It permits one to comprehend the rationale behind why particular materials generate cool-looking clothing in addition to creating the sense of coolness when used as décor. A thorough understanding of clothing and textiles will enable one to evaluate standards and product brands intelligently.
It will also help one develop the capacity to recognize fabric quality, which will help one understand the best applications for the various qualities. Although clothes don't necessarily make a person, they certainly help to develop a positive personality and a sense of self-assurance. Housewives should therefore be familiar with clothing and textiles to obtain the best out of it.
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A certain compound consists of 54.53% C, 9.15% H, and 36.32% O by mass. The molar mass of the compound is 88.10g/mol, What is the molecular formula of this compound?
The compound is going to have the molecular formula; [tex]C_{4} H_{8}O_{2}[/tex]
What is the molecular formula?We know that the molecular formula is the formula of the compound that shows the number of the atoms of each of the elements that we can be able to find in the compound.
Now for the compound that we have, we divide through by the relative atomic mass of each;
C - 54.53/12 H - 9.15/1 O - 36.32/16
C - 4.5 H - 9.15 O - 2.27
Dividing through by the lowest ratio;
C - 4.5/2.27 H - 9.15/2.27 O - 2.27/2.27
C - 2 H - 4 O -1
The empirical formula is [tex]C_{2} H_{4} O[/tex]
We now have;
[2(12) + 4(1) + 16] n= 88.1
n = 88.1/44
n = 2
The molecular formula is;
[tex]C_{4} H_{8}O_{2}[/tex]
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