Spermatophytes are defined as plants that produce and bear seeds. Angiosperms and gymnosperms are among them. Spermatophytes include plants including palm trees, orchids, and cycads.
Spermatophytes, which include liverworts and hornworts, are classified as embryophytes because they generate embryos. Green algae are another type of plant that lives in water.
Since green algae already live in water and have water in contact with every part of their body, they do not necessarily have xylem tissues, which are used to transport water.
Contrarily, embryophytes have xylems and other vascular tissues and networks for delivering water to plant parts and structures that are located on soil and are not in close proximity to a water source.
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the northern leopard frog, tree frog, and wood frog are all different species of frogs. why is having a scientific name for each species of an organism important for scientists?
These names are significant because they enable clear communication about animal species among people all across the world.
What are the significance of northern leopard frogs?In ponds where it lives, the northern leopard frog is probably a significant indicator of the water's quality. This species is an essential component of the food chain, and tadpoles, which are the main eaters of algae in ponds, can have a big impact.
What distinguishes tree frogs from other frog species?These frogs are most easily recognized by their feet, which have claw-shaped toe bones as their last bone. They can also climb trees thanks to toe pads with small suction cups and extraskeletal structures on their toes. They are available in a number of hues, the most popular being green, gray, or brown.
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The offspring of two true-breeding parents that differ in a single character are called single-character hybrids, or.
Single-character hybrids, also known as monohybrids, are the offspring of two true-breeding parents who differ in just one character.
Monohybrids did not exhibit an intermediate trait, but rather resembled one of the two parents. The monohybrids show the trait and the trait is disguised when two true-breeding plants that are different in only one characteristic are crossed. The number of traits being studied in the progeny is the primary distinction between monohybrid and dihybrid crosses. One trait is expected to be inherited in a monohybrid cross. Monohybrid crossings occur when the parents are homozygous for the same trait but differ in another characteristic.
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if the 5′ → 3′ nucleotide sequence on the nontemplate dna strand is cat, what is the corresponding codon on mrna?
If the non-template DNA strand's 5′ 3′ nucleotide sequence is CAT, the equivalent codon on the mRNA will be CAU. Prior to the corresponding codon being read on mRNA, DNA must first be transformed into RNA.
The DNA strands are complementary and anti-parallel for both the coding (or sense) and the template (or non-coding, or anti-sense). In order to produce a complementary RNA that is in the 5' to 3' direction during transcription, the RNA polymerase "reads" the template strand in the 3' to 5' way. The coding (or sense) strand of DNA discloses the meaning of the RNA since the template strand of DNA is complementary to both of them, with the exception that all Ts in the coding strand are changed to Us.
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. an embryo sac is missing the synergids. what specific impact would you expect this to have on fertilization?
The pollen tube will form, but it will not be directed toward the egg to be fertilised.
When the haploid megaspore nucleus divides, an embryo sac is said to form. It has two haploid nuclei and six haploid cells with no cell walls. In some cases, the haploid nuclei join together to form a single cell (endosperm motor cell). At the time of fertilisation, one male nucleus and one egg nucleus combine to form a zygote, which leads to the development of the embryo. The primary endosperm nucleus and the second male nucleus fuse to form the endosperm nucleus. A pollen tube develops into one of the female gametophyte's two synergid cells during the angiosperm fertilisation process.
Cell death occurs in the synergid cell into which the pollen tube grows, either before or after the pollen tube enters this cell. Synergid cells direct pollen tube growth toward the female gametophyte and aid in tube entry into the embryo sac.
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these rnas are called noncoding rnas. read carefully to discern a crucial role played by these ncrnas. what is this role
The transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels of gene expression are both regulated by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). There is proof that some non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) participate in epigenetic processes.
The term "non-coding RNA" refers to which RNA?Abstract. Although RNA that does not encode a protein is often referred to as a non-coding RNA (ncRNA), this does not imply that such RNAs lack information or function.
Which three main categories of non-coding RNA exist?The three main categories of short non-coding RNAs (small ncRNAs) are microRNAs (miRNA), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs).
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explain EACH phase of cell division (including interphase and mitosis)
The cell cycle's longest phase is called interphase. Before starting mitosis, cell develops and duplicates its DNA in this phase. Chromosomes line up, split, and move into new daughter cells .
What are the four stages of mitosis and what occurs in each?In prophase, the chromosomes get shorter and thicker. chromosomes comes in the middle of the cell, during the metaphase, the chromosomes align. Chromatids break during the anaphase process and move to the opposing poles. Telophase: Two nuclei are formed when nuclear envelopes have reformed around chromosomal group.
Explain the phases of cell division.?There are two different types of cell division, the first of which is vegetative division—also known as mitosis—in which each daughter cell replicates the parent cell.
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the concept of inheritance which suggested that the determinants of hereditary traits are transmitted in discrete units from one generation to the next is called inheritance.
A fundamental idea in genetics, genetic inheritance describes how traits are passed down from one generation to the next.
Genetic inheritance happens as a result of DNA being handed from one set of parents to another during conception.The process by which a kid inherits genetic characteristics from its parents is known as genetic inheritance. Each of us is born with particular traits that we cannot change from our parents. These genetic traits are passed down to us through fertilisation, the reproductive process.Depending on the location of the gene and whether one or two normal copies of the gene are required, diseases brought on by mutations in a single gene are typically inherited in a straightforward way.
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if a guard cell expressed a potassium channel that constantly pumped potassium into the cell, what would be the effect on the stomata?
If a guard cell expressed a potassium channel that constantly pumped potassium into the cell, then the b) stomata would always be open.
When potassium ions will be pumped into the guard cells constantly, the level of water inside the guard cells will decrease. In other words, the amount of solute will increase and the amount of solvent will decrease.
As a result, more amount of water will be pumped from the roots to the guard cells. This will cause the water concentration to also increase. Hence, the guard cells will open the stomata so that all of the excess water that has been transported to the guard cells could be removed into the environment. The guard cells will close once the pottasium channel is disturbed.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
If a guard cell expressed a potassium channel that constantly pumped potassium into the cell, what would be the effect on the stomata?
Multiple Choice
a) Stomata would function normally.
b) Stomata would be always open.
c) Stomata would be always closed.
d) Stomata would open and close at random.
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two individuals with the same genotype may not express the same phenotype because gene expression is influenced by:
Because of the interaction between genes and environment, two people with the identical genotype may not exhibit the same phenotype.
How does genotyping work?The term "genotype" broadly refers to an organism's genetic make-up, or, to put it another way, the entire set of its genes. The phrase can also be used more specifically to describe to a gene's alleles, or variant versions, that an organism carries.
Describe genotype through an example.A genotyping is a rating of the kind of variant that is present at a specific locus (i.e., place) in the genome. Symbols are a form of representation. For illustration, BB, Bb, and bb may be used to denote a certain gene variant.
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explain how ectotherms deal with the fact that many enzymes have a fairly narrow range for optimal performance.
The majority of animals must keep their internal body temperatures within a relatively small range. Endotherms keep their bodies warm by producing heat within.
Ectotherms control metabolism in what ways?Animals that employ metabolic heat production to maintain a steady body temperature are known as ectotherms. Instead, their body temperature varies in accordance with the ambient temperature.
Ectothermic species control their body temperatures in what ways?Ectotherms, on the other hand, depend on behavior to control their body temperature. To cool off or warm up, they must move their bodies toward the sun or shade. In comparison to ongoing metabolic regulation, this uses less energy. This explains why many reptiles and other ectotherms may consume a substantial meal once and then go for a while without eating.
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If one strand of a DNA double helix has the sequence GTCCAT, what is the sequence of the other strand?
a) CAGGUA
b) TGAACG
c) CAGGTA
d) ACTTGC
If one strand of a DNA double helix seems to have the sequence GTCCAT, the other strand has the sequence CAGGTA.
What is DNA double helix?In genomics, a double helix is a term used to describe the physical structure of DNA. A DNA molecule is composed of two linked strands that wind around each other to form a twisted ladder in the shape of a helix. Each strand has an alternating backbone of sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.DNA is made up of two linked strands that wind around each other to form a twisted ladder-like structure known as a double helix. Each strand has an alternating backbone of sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups. Each sugar has one of four bases attached to it: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), or thymine (T).DNA and proteins, for example, have a unique and specific ordered structure, such as a right-handed double helix or a single -helix.To learn more about DNA refer to :
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the timing of a mutation during development has negligible effects on the severity of the genetic defect.
False, timing of a mutation during development has no negligible effects on the severity of the genetic defect.
Mutation are considered as beneficial, harmful, or neutral, depending on their context or location. Many of the non-neutral mutations are deleterious. In general, if the larger number of base pairs are affected by mutation, the impact of mutation will be greater, and the larger the mutation's probability of being deleterious.
Mutations can also result from errors in DNA replication during cell division, reason can be the exposure to mutagens or a viral infection. Germline mutations can be passed on to offspring, while somatic mutations cannot be transferred.
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___ is stored in a fossil fuel, and released in the form of kinetic energy when burned ?
hydrocarbon
I searched it up
before a cell divided (mitosis or meiosis) a copy of each chromosome is made during the process of:
Answer:
Interphase
Then, at a critical point during interphase (called the S phase), the cell duplicates its chromosomes and ensures its systems are ready for cell division. If all conditions are ideal, the cell is now ready to move into the first phase of mitosis.
What are the products that result from photosynthesis and that also serve as the starting materials for cellular respiration?
Glucose and oxygen are the products that result from photosynthesis and that also serve as the starting materials for cellular respiration.
Through a process known as photosynthesis, plants turn carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into oxygen and sugar-based energy.
Plants are the most well-known examples because, with the exception of a very tiny number of parasitic or mycoheterotrophic species, they all possess chlorophyll and are capable of producing their own food. The algae make up the other significant class of eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms.
The main purpose of photosynthesis is to transform solar energy into chemical energy, which is then stored for use later.This technology is mostly used to supply energy to the planet's biological processes. According to human engineering standards, it is not particularly effective, but it gets the job done.
The oxidation of biological fuels in the presence of an inorganic electron acceptor, such as oxygen, during the process of cellular respiration results in considerable amounts of energy that are utilised to power the primary production of ATP.
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in a population, the number of new individuals produced per individual in a defined time period is called the
In a population, the number of new individuals produced per individual in a defined time period is called the birth rate.
The birth rate is the ratio among the wide variety of stay-born births in the 12 months and the average general populace of that year.
For the closing 70 years, fertility rates have decreased worldwide, with a complete 50% decline. Reasons include ladies's empowerment in training and the group of workers, lower infant mortality and the accelerated cost of raising kids.
The social structure, spiritual ideals, financial prosperity and urbanisation within U. S . are probable to affect start fees in addition to abortion fees, advanced international locations tend to have a lower fertility fee due to lifestyle picks related to financial affluence wherein mortality rate are low.
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scientists have independently suggested which tactic for combating accidentally imposing artificial selection both for pesticide resistance and for altering fish body size?
correct Option is B) Growing crops/fish in separate tanks and enacting different selective pressures to observe evolutionary changes. towards pesticide resistance.
In addition to being feasible, co-farming fish and crops has advantages. Aquaponics is a method whereby excrement that pesticide resistance accumulates in fish tanks is evolutionary changes utilized as fertilizer for plants that are evolutionary changes grown hydroponically. These nutrients are removed from the water by the plants and may then be given back to the fish. After adding the water to your aquarium, you may immediately add plants evolutionary changes . The water will pesticide resistance still be cloudy if there is a substrate. You may always add plants to tanks that have already been constructed.
The complete question is :
Scientists have independently suggested which tactic for combating accidentally imposing artificial selection both for pesticide resistance and for altering fish body size?
A. Using a suite of different harvest strategies at once, such as pole-and-line fishing AND nets, and harvesting crops using equipment like combines AND hand picking
B. Growing crops/fish in separate tanks and enacting different selective pressures to observe evolutionary changes
C. Retaining areas where harvesting does not occur, which allows genetic diversity to be maintained in those areas
D. Harvesting both fish and crops when they are medium sized
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I need help asap
Which statement about organisms in the fossil record is correct?
O Life originated on beaches, where oceans and land intersect.
OLife originated on land.
Life originated in the oceans.
Life originated both in the oceans and on land
Answer:
life originated in oceand
Explanation:
the firat organisms were bacteria in the ocean that relyed on photosynthesis
1. Not all cells are the same. Each has a different function within an organism, and for different kinds of organism. How do these cells “know” what their role is?
2. From your answer in no. 2, can you relate to why organisms are different from each other?
The presence of DNA in the cell educates about its eventual role. The difference in organisms occurs because of their difference in the genes.
What are the functions of cell?
Cell is the building blocks of living organisms. They mostly helps in providing
Structure and supportGrowthTransportEnergy productionMetabolismreproductionDNA gives instructions to the cell through the DNA informing messenger RNA (mRNA) that is used in protein production. The transfer of information occurs through two processes transcription and translation.
The major difference between organisms is the genes. But monozygotic twins are genetically identical to each other they only differ in biological processes. Mutation is the process that changes the sequence of genes in DNA which made living organisms different. Another source is gene flow which is the movement of genes between different groups of organisms.
Hence DNA is the genetic material that instructs the role of cells and made organisms look different to each other.
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classify each neuron based on the number of processes that extend from the neuron cell body
1. many dendrites and a single axon
2. one dendrite and one axon
3. one process with two branches; one extending to the CNS, one extending to the periphery
The classification of each neuron based on the number of processes that extend from the neuron cell body are as follows:
many dendrites and a single axon -Multipolar Neuronone dendrite and one axon - Bipolar Neuronone process with two branches; one extending to the CNS, one extending to the periphery - Unipolar NeuronWhat are neurons?Neurons are the specialized cells of the nervous system.
Neurons receive, transmit and help interpret nervous impulses.
Neurons are found in the sensory organs of the eye, nose, skin, and tongue.
Neurons are also the main cells found in the CNS.
Neurons are also known as nerve cells.
Neurons can be classified into:
sensory neurons
and motor neurons.
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Can someone help me please with this I can't do it because i have a lot of work from other classes and this is really important someone pls help me
Answer: can we do this answer in the comments i really cant type half of my pc screen broke
Explanation:
you are doing a biochemical analysis of molecules from cells from patients with a certain disease compared to cells from control patients who do not have the disease. you find that patients with the disease have unusually high levels of cytosine molecules with ch3 groups attached to their cells. which modification has taken place in the cells from the disease patients?
Since you find that patients with the disease have unusually high levels of cytosine molecules with ch3 groups attached to their cells. The thing or modification that has taken place in the cells from the disease patients is called DNA methylation.
What is methylation and why is it important?Every single cell in the human body undergoes billions of times of methylation, an essential biochemical process. It performs a wide range of biological processes, including detoxification. expression of DNA.
The biological process of methylation involves the addition of methyl groups to the DNA molecule. Without altering the sequence, methylation can modify the activity of a DNA region. DNA methylation often suppresses gene transcription when it occurs at a gene promoter.
Therefore, DNA methylation is a heritable epigenetic mark in which DNA methyltransferases covalently transfer a methyl group to the C-5 position of the DNA cytosine ring (DNMTs). Hence, in the above case, the use of the will give you a better result of what you are looking for.
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Interpret Data Per erving , which of the food included in the table ha the mot protein ? Which ha the mot carbohydrate ? Which ha the mot fat ?
Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, or a combination of these substances make up all food.
These three nutrients,carbohydrates, protein, and fat are all necessary for your body to function. To have a healthy diet, eat a variety of foods that provide these nutrients. Body uses carbohydrates as its primary source of fuel and energy. Carbohydrates function similarly to the fuel in an automobile.
In your body, carbohydrates are converted to glucose or sugar. For your brain and muscles to function properly, you need this glucose. Without them, you cannot survive.
Your body converts carbs into glucose (also known as sugar) therefore they cause a rise in blood sugar. In order to maintain good health and control your blood sugar, you must consume the proper amount of carbohydrates.
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If dna is damaged or incompletely replicated in s phase, the inhibition of which of these molecules prevents the cell from entering m phase?.
The inhibition of Cdc25 molecule restrains the cell from entering M-phase if DNA is damaged or not completely replicated in S-phase.
Cdc25 molecule is a dual specificity phosphatase cell cycle protein. The Cdc is an abbreviation used for 'Cell division control'. Through the elimination of inhibitory phosphate residues from the target Cdks or Cyclin dependent kinases, Cdc25 molecule regulates entry as well as advancement through several phases of the cell cycle, which includes mitosis as well as S-phase.
The question is incomplete. The complete question is:-
If DNA is damaged or not entirely replicated in S-phase, then the inhibition of which of the following given molecules restrains the cell from entering M-phase?
A) Cdc6
B) Cdc25
C) S-Cdk
D) ORC
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Which phase of mitosis is shown at the letter 'C'?
A- Interphase
B-Prophase
C- Metaphase
D-Anaphase
E-Telophase
The phase of mitosis given by the letter 'C' here is Metaphase.
What is mitosis?In the process of mitosis, a eukaryotic cell nucleus splits in two, followed by division of the parent cell into two daughter cells. The term "mitosis" means " threads," and it is referred to the threadlike aspect of chromosomes as the cell prepares to divide. The process of mitosis consists of five morphologically distinct phases prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
The metaphase begins as soon as the prometaphase ends and then the chromosomes align along the cell equator. Every chromosome has at least two microtubules extending from its kinetochore with at least one microtubule hitched to each pole. At this particular juncture, the pressure within the cell becomes balanced, and the chromosomes no longer move back and forth. In addition, the spindle is now complete , and three groups of spindle microtubules are evident. Kinetochore microtubules attach the chromosomes to the spindle pole; interpolar microtubules extend from the spindle pole across the equator, nearly to the contrary spindle pole; and astral microtubules draw out from the spindle pole upto the cell membrane. One of the cell cycle checkpoints happens during prometaphase and metaphase.
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what do large oval structures, with 15-50 thin concentric layers of flattened schwann cells found at the interface of the reticular and hypodermis, detect?
Fibroblasts, cells found in the connective tissues of the body, make up the hypodermis. These produce collagen proteins, which aid in preserving the body's structural foundation.
The body's bottom layer of skin is called the hypodermis. It serves a variety of crucial roles, including energy storage, tying the muscles and bones beneath the skin's dermis layer to one another, keeping the body warm in a variety of temperatures, and guarding against injury-related harm. The hypodermis shrinks with ageing, the skin begins to sag, and the skin is more susceptible to damage and injury.To know more about hypodermis
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How could you use the steps for evaluating a player for a concussion in evaluating whether someone is concussed
A baseline concussion test is often performed using a computer for evaluating a player whether someone is concussed.
What do you understand by concussion test?Testing for concussions measures your brain's recovery from a head injury. Questionnaires or symptom checklists are the main components of most concussion assessments. Concussion exams evaluate your mental agility, memory, focus, awareness, and ability to solve tasks. Your coordination and balance are also tested. One of the methods used to identify a concussion is concussion testing. Concussion tests are used by medical professionals, athletic trainers, and coaches to assess brain function before and after a head injury.
Thus from above conclusion we can say that a baseline concussion test is often performed using a computer for evaluating a player whether someone is concussed.
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Where might you be recognized for an
individual agriculture project that you
take on and complete?
A. the classroom
B. FFA
C. SAE
D. ACC
Salinity measures the amount of salts dissolved in water. Which statement correctly explains what happens whenaquatic animals are moved to an aquatic ecosystem with a different salinity?
A. A freshwater fish (salinity of 1.0 part per thousand (ppt)) is moved to a brackish environment with asalinity of 20 ppt. The fish swells and dies as water moves from an area of high concentration to an areaof low concentration.
B. A freshwater fish (salinity of 1.0 part per thousand (ppt)) is moved to a brackish environment with asalinity of 20 ppt. The fish shrivels and dies as water moves from an area of high concentration to anarea of low concentration.
C. A saltwater fish (salinity 35ppt) is moved to a freshwater tank (salinity 0.5 ppt). The fish shrivels and diesas water moves from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
D. A fish used to living in brackish water (salinity 15 ppt) is moved to a freshwater tank. The fish swells anddies as water moves from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
Answer:
C. A saltwater fish (salinity 35ppt) is moved to a freshwater tank (salinity 0.5 ppt). The fish shrivels and diesas water moves from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Explanation:
Fresh water—less than 0.5 parts per thousand (ppt) Fresh water contains trace amounts of salt and other dissolved substances at very low concentrations.
Freshwater salinity is usually less than 0.5 ppt. Water between 0.5 ppt and 17 ppt is called brackish. Estuaries (where fresh river water meets salty ocean water) are examples of brackish waters.
Different bodies of water have different amounts of salt mixed in, or different salinities. Salinity is expressed by the amount of salt found in 1,000 grams of water. Therefore, if we have 1 gram of salt and 1,000 grams of water, the salinity is 1 part per thousand, or 1 ppt.
The average ocean salinity is 35 ppt. This number varies between about 32 and 37 ppt. Rainfall, evaporation, river runoff, and ice formation causes the variations. For example, the Black Sea is so diluted by river runoff, its average salinity is only 16 ppt.
the most common form of gene therapy involves inserting a normal gene into cells that contain a defective version of the gene. in order to use gene therapy to prevent a man from passing a defective gene on to future generations, you should try to insert normal copies of the gene into
A healthy gene is inserted into the fertilized egg of an animal that has a particular genetic abnormality as part of germ line gene therapy. Several animal experiments have done this with success.
What type of gene therapy is most typical?The most popular type of gene therapy involves replacing a defective gene with a normal gene that has been inserted. Alternating a defective gene with a functional one is another strategy. repairing a gene that is faulty.
What do you describe a form of gene therapy where cells in the intended organ are given genes?The ability to introduce genetic material (RNA) into the right cell type or tissue is known as somatic gene therapy.
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