Symmetry, Segmentation, Body Cavity, Tissues, Various Patterns or Embryonic Development are the key innovations in animal evolution.
A novel phenotypic trait that enables future radiation and the success of a taxonomic group is referred to as a "key innovation" in evolutionary biology. This term is also used to refer to an adaptive breakthrough or key adaption. Usually, they bring new skills that enable the species to quickly diversify and encroach into previously unoccupied niches. The phenomenon explains why some taxa are significantly more varied and include a large number of species compared to their related taxa. Alden H. Miller coined the phrase in 1949, defining it as "key adjustments in the morphological and physiological mechanism which are essential to the origin of new major groups". However, a more inclusive definition from the present day states that "a key innovation is an evolutionary change in individual traits that is causally linked to the origin of new major groups."
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1. Sensory input is delivered to the brain by: A. afferent neurons B. motor neurons C. interneurons D. efferent neurons 2. Which structure in the brain is responsible for linking the left and right hemispheres? A. cerebellum B. interneuron bundle C. thalamus D. corpus callosum 3. This structure is the major routing area where sensory information is sorted before being sent to the correct processing center in the brain A. corpus callosum B. medulla C. pons D. thalamus 4. Some sensory information taken in by the right eye is processed by the right side of the brain A. True. B. False
1. Neurons and synapse at the thalamus carry information from sensory receptors to the brain.
2. The corpus callosum connects the two sides of the brain together at the bottom. The corpus callosum transmits messages from one half of the brain to the other while connecting the two halves of the brain.
3. It's common to think of the thalamus as a relay station. This is due to the fact that practically all sensory information (apart from smell) that travels from the thalamus to the cortex initially stops there before continuing to its final destination.
4. The right side (or cerebral hemisphere) processes the left field of vision and vice versa as it travels along an optic tract toward the thalamus. The thalamus's LGN (lateral geniculate nucleus): Consider this to be a central toll booth where all sensory data must stop before entering.
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a mudslide kills a large fraction of a population of a flower species. the reduction in this flower population allows for an increase in the population size of a fern that competes with the flower. this is an example of
An illustration of facilitation occurs when the population of a fern that competes with the flower decreases, allowing the fern's population to grow.
What kind of disruption would cause primary succession?After an earthquake or volcanic eruption, lichens break down the rocks to produce new, nutrient-rich soils. This process is known as primary succession. Pioneer species are the first species that settle a region following a significant disturbance; they contribute to shaping the new ecosystem.
What will happen if the grasses aren't tampered with throughout time?Annual forbs and grasses will start to colonize the field if no management or further disturbance is introduced and it is allowed to rest. These plants are referred to as pioneer species.
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Cyanide is a chemical that kills living things by the molecular mechanism of binding to a step in the electron transport chain that prevents the synthesis of ATP. Chemicals called antitranspirants exist that block the process of transpiration. Suggest molecular mechanisms by which these chemicals may work.
A molecular mechanism by which cyanide chemicals may kill living things by the molecular mechanism of binding to a step in the electron transport chain and thus preventing the synthesis of ATP may be via the avoidance of open stomata in plants.
What is the cellular mechanism of respiration?The cell mechanism of cellular respiration is a series of steps to produce ATP, the energy coin of the cell, by aerobic pathways that require oxygen, which involve the coupling of the electron transport chain to the movement of protons in the inner mitochondrial membrane, and it also occurs in the stomata of plant leaves in order to generate energy.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the cell mechanism of cellular respiration may be associated with the electron transport chain in a process that involves different cells in plants including stomata that are required during gas exchange
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The rapid rise and fall in force produced by a muscle fiber after a single action potential is a(n) ____.
twitch.
muscle action potential.
tetanus.
unfused tetanus.
end plate potential.
The rapid rise and fall with a force produced by a muscle fiber after a single action potential is known as a twitch.
Muscles are the loose tissues masses present inside the body of an organisms that help in the movement of various body parts. There are three major classes of muscles in the human body, namely: skeletal muscles, smooth muscles and cardiac muscles.
Twitch is the sudden instantaneous muscle contraction. It is also called muscle fasciculation. This is an involuntary action, i.e. one cannot cause this contraction on their own. The reason for such twitches can below magnesium levels, muscle fatigue or some medication side effects.
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Just want to make sure is that the right option? 59. What is the final stage in gaining a new client? A.Evaluation B. Programming C. O Closing the sale D. O Establishing goals
The final stage in gaining a new client is closing the sale. Therefore, option (C) is correct.
What is closing a sale mean?Closing the sale refers to the final stage in the process of selling products or services to a customer. It involves securing the customer's commitment to purchase the products or services and completing any necessary paperwork or payment transactions.
Closing the sale may involve persuading the customer to make a purchase, negotiating terms and conditions, or addressing any objections or concerns the customer may have. It is an important step in the sales process, as it is when the actual exchange of goods or services for payment takes place.
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Should parents be genetically screened before having children?
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
BioFlix Activity: Protein Synthesis -- Transcription During transcription, an RNA molecule (shown in red) is transcribed from DNA (shown in blue). Can you label the bases on the RNA transcript? To review the process of transcription, watch this BioFlix animation: Transcription. Transcription Drag the correct labels onto the nucleotides in the RNA transcript. Not all labels will be used.
The transcription is a process in which the RNA is formed from the DNA, and in the DNA, the non-coding strand is used as a template, and the RNA that is formed is a copy of the coding strand of the DNA.
What is the specialty of bacterial transcription?The specialty of bacterial transcription is that transcription and translation take place simultaneously as there is no nuclear membrane, so the ribosome can access the mRNA and start protein synthesis.
Hence, the transcription is a process in which the RNA is formed from the DNA, and in the DNA, the non-coding strand is used as a template, and the RNA that is formed is a copy of the coding strand of the DNA.
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Do mutations only occur in gametes?
Answer:
Mutations can occur in either cell type.
Explanation:
If a gene is altered in a germ cell, the mutation is termed a germinal mutation. Because germ cells give rise to gametes, some gamete s will carry the mutation and it will be passed on to the next generation when the individual successfully mates.
The beating of the cilia of the respiratory passages in the direction of the pharynx forms a(n) ____. respiratory rhythmicity center. debris filter increased surface area for gas exchange. smooth slick surface allowing particles to slide. mucus escalator.
The beating of the cilia present in the respiratory passages in the direction of the pharynx forms a mucus escalator.
Cilia are the microscopic thin hair-like extension found in the bronchi of the respiratory system. These are involved in the role of removing the dust particles as well as the microbes that enter the system along with air. These cilia also contain the goblet cells that secrete mucus and thus help in trapping the microbes.
Mucus escalator or also called the muco-ciliary escalator is the part of the conducting pathway of the respiratory system that comprises of mucus and cilia. This escalator aids in the movement of mucus up or out of the lungs in order to expel it out.
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Do viruses have no nucleus?
Since viruses lack the organelles, nuclei, and cytoplasm that give cells their nucleus, they are unable to monitor or influence their internal environment.
Why don't viruses include nuclei?Viruses lack the specific equipment needed to generate energy, grow, reproduce, or maintain homeostasis on their own. Because they need such specialized organelles to reproduce and produce new virus particles, they invade host cells in order to do so. Organelles and a nuclear core are absent from viruses.
Do viral nucleolus exist?In addition to using the nucleolus as a replication site, viruses can employ these components as part of their replication process. Numerous of these characteristics are not specific to any one virus or virus reproduction mechanism.
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What 3 system removes carbon dioxide and waste from your cells?
Your skin, excretory system, and respiratory system all function to remove wastes from your cells.
All metabolic wastes are removed from the body by the excretory system. Organs that assist in the body's removal of nitrogenous wastes make up the human excretory system. The human excretory system consists of the urethra, two kidneys, two ureters, and a urine bladder.
Does the circulatory system eliminate waste and carbon dioxide from cells?Cells receive oxygen, nutrients, and hormones from the circulatory system, which also removes wastes like carbon dioxide. When we breathe out, carbon dioxide in the blood diffuses through the alveoli and is expelled from the body.
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The development of different species without the influence of geographical separation is called ____ speciation
Answer:
Allopatric speciation
Explanation:
This is the development of different species without the influence of geographical separation. This can occur when a population is physically isolated from the rest of its species, such as by a river or mountain range, and begins to evolve independently. Over time, the isolated population may develop differences in traits and adaptations that make it unable to mate with the original population, leading to the formation of a new species.
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Members of this group of microbes can break down glycogen deposited in the vaginal lining in response to estrogen. This helps to drop the pH in the area, preventing infections.
Archaea are organisms that thrive in anaerobic conditions containing hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Archaea are obligate anaerobes that thrive in low-oxygen settings and glycogen breaking.
The glycogen that is deposited in the vaginal lining in response to estrogen can be broken down by this group of microorganisms. By lowering the pH there, this helps to guard against diseases. Single-celled microbes called archaea have a similar structure to bacteria. They make up the third domain of life and are unique from bacteria and eukaryotes in terms of evolution. Examples of archaebacteria include methanogens, which create methane, halophiles, which can live in excessively salty settings, and thermophiles, which can live in extremely hot situations.
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Why is monggo called Friday?
Answer: High in protein and fiber but low in calories or carbohydrates and it is also called poor man's meat .
Explanation: Every Friday is the most common meal among the Filipinos and it is being rich in protein ,The nitrogen fixing bacteria in its roots can help restore the fertility of the soil thus it is great as rotational crop .its a great thing that monggo ,as a produce ,is also easy to grow and quite tolerant to drought and it also helpful for the pregnant ladies since it helps to promote the development of baby's nervous system and discriminates the disabilities of growth .
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What does it mean when enzyme levels are low?
Enzymes are proteins that are produced by the body and play a vital role in many biological processes, including digestion, metabolism, and energy production. Enzymes are present in various tissues and organs throughout the body, including the liver, pancreas, and small intestine.
If enzyme levels are low, it can indicate that there is a problem with the production or function of these enzymes. Low enzyme levels can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
Inherited conditions: Some people may have inherited conditions that cause low enzyme levels.Infections or diseases: Certain infections or diseases, such as hepatitis or pancreatitis, can cause low enzyme levels.Medications: Some medications, such as statins, can interfere with the production or function of enzymes.Aging: As we age, our bodies may produce fewer enzymes, which can lead to low enzyme levels.Low enzyme levels can cause a variety of symptoms, including fatigue, weight loss, and abdominal pain, depending on the specific enzymes that are affected. If you are experiencing these symptoms and are concerned about low enzyme levels, it is important to speak with a healthcare professional for further evaluation and treatment.learn more about enzymes:
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What are 3 interesting facts about snails?
Both snails and slugs are classified as gastropods. A snail cannot hear. They hunt for food by using their sense of smell. The movement-related slime that snails leave in their wake.
Do snails lack gender, or what?Because they are hermaphrodites, snails have a lot on their minds when they make love. Garden snails, as opposed to you, may simultaneously generate sperm like men and carry eggs like females.
They all have blue blood, including snails, spiders, and octopi. These beings truly have blue blood; we are not speaking in terms of royalty. Transporting oxygen throughout the body is one of blood's functions.
Because these conditions resemble their natural state, snails like darkness over light, moisture over dryness, and cold over heat.
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If pure breeding parents for one trait were crossed (yellow seed, dominant vs. green seed, recessive, the f1 generation will produce?
Yellow-seed alleles are dominant, while green-seed alleles are recessive. When true-breeding plants with yellow seeds and green seeds were cross-fertilized, all of the F1 hybrid offspring had yellow seeds.
Inherited traits are genetically acquired traits. These characteristics are passed down from parents or grandparents to their children. DNA is in charge of transmitting genetic information from one generation to the next.
Inherited traits are things that an animal inherits from birth. Both of their parents pass on these characteristics to them, and they end up being a hybrid of their parents. Hair color, eye color, and fur patterns are all inherited characteristics.
Acquired traits, on the other hand, are characteristics that an individual acquires over the course of his life. It could be the result of his own actions or an external influence. Unlike inherited traits, acquired traits cannot be passed down genetically to the next generation. For example, the ability to dance or cook well.
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The total of all the chemical reactions and physical changes within the body is the:
a. homeostatic balance
b. catabolism
c. anabolism
d. metabolism
Explanation:
the total of all the chemical reactions and physical changes within a body is the body's metabolism. the answer is d
What structures do viruses not have?
Answer:
Viruses do not have cell wall, cell memberane ribosomes, mitochondria, cytoplasm etc..
they donot have these structures because they do not grow, they dont excrete means no extretory system is there, no energy is produced etc.
In an experiment, a researcher prepares a reaction mixture by dissolving a substance in a buffered solution. The substance is the substrate of a certain enzyme. The researcher adds a small amount of the enzyme to the reaction mixture and measures the amount of product that is formed over time. Which of the following best predicts the immediate result of adding more substrate to the reaction mixture at the point indicated by the arrow in Figure 1?
answer choices
The amount of product will decrease until the reaction rate goes to zero.
The amount of product will increase until the reaction reaches its equilibrium point or until the substrate is used up by the reaction.
The amount of product will increase without stopping because the enzyme will be unchanged by the reaction.
The amount of product will decrease until the reaction reaches its equilibrium point or until the enzyme is been used up by the reaction
Until equilibrium is reached or all of the substrate has been eaten, the amount of product will continue to increase.
How can the rate at which an enzyme-catalyzed reaction occurs be determined?It is possible to identify enzyme catalysis by measuring the appearance of the product or the disappearance of the reactants. The same reactants may be used in a reaction, but a different catalyst may produce different results.
Which of the following would speed up how quickly reactants turn into products in a chemical reaction?The more the temperature rises, the more crashes occur. As a reactant's concentration rises, the likelihood of reactant collisions increases as well, accelerating the rate of the reaction.
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What are the three 3 basic rules in writing a haiku?
Three 3 basic rules in writing a haiku are it is always 3 lines long, a certain number of syllables in each line, and juxtapose two subjects.
The haiku is a Japanese graceful structure that comprises of three lines, with five syllables in the principal line, seven in the second, and five in the third. From the hokku, the first three lines of a tanka, a longer poem, came the haiku. following are the rules for writing haiku:
It always has three lines, which represent the three phases or sections of a traditional Japanese haiku. An English haiku typically consists of five syllables in the first line, seven in the second, and five in the third, in accordance with the Japanese requirement that each haiku contain seventeen "mora," or short syllable units. The division of Japanese syllables is not the same as that of English syllables. A specially defined short sound is called a "mora." A syllable is the closest equivalent in English. In keeping with the customs of Japan, haiku frequently include a word that describes or represents a season. In Japanese, this word is known as a kigo. You don't have to know that for any reason. Simply put, the existence of a distinct word for "a poetic word indicating a season" in any language is lovely to me.know more about haiku here: https://brainly.com/question/3088403
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5A diabetic client has a glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) level of 9.4%. What does the nurse say to the client regarding this finding?
1
"Keep up the good work."
2
"This is not good at all."
3
"What are you doing differently?"
4
"You need more insulin."
3. "What are you doing differently?". For the purpose of controlling blood glucose, interventions are created by evaluating the diabetes client's routine or any adjustments the client may have made.
Diabetes patients should have A1C levels around 7, and a reading of 9.4 indicates poor control over the previous three months. Although it is true, telling the client that this is bad ignores any potential regimen-related issues the client may be experiencing and comes off as a reprimand. A review of the client's regimen is necessary before decisions about drugs are made, even though it may be true that the client needs additional insulin.
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birth order, finis in exercises 16 and 22 we looked at the birth orders and college choices of some intro stats students. for these students: a) are enrolling in agriculture and human ecology disjoint? explain. b) are enrolling in agriculture and human ecology independent? explain. c) are being firstborn and enrolling in human ecology disjoint? explain. d) are being firstborn and enrolling in human ecology independent? explain.
For the birth orders and college choices of some intro stats student are:
a) enrolling in agriculture and human ecology are disjoint since the events share no outcomes. Students can only attend one college.
b) enrolling in agriculture and human ecology are not independent because knowing that one event is true changes the probability of the other.
c) being firstborn and enrolling in human ecology are not disjoint seeing as they share outcomes.
d) being firstborn and enrolling in human ecology are not independent because knowing that one event is true changes the probability of the other.
What is Birth order?Birth order refers to the order in which a child is born in their family; for example, first-born and second-born. Birth order is frequently thought to have a profound and long-lasting impact on psychological development. This claim has been debunked numerous times.
For enrolling in agriculture and human ecology, it is disjoint because the events have no common outcomes. Students can enroll in only one college. They are rather dependent since knowing that one event is true drastically changes the probability of the other, a student's chances of enrolling in Agriculture college are nearly 42%..
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Is genetically modifying food a good idea?
The World Health Organization, the National Academy of Science, and several other major science organizations around the world have reviewed research on genetically modified foods and found no evidence that they are harmful.
Genetically modified (GM) foods are those derived from organisms whose genetic material (DNA) has been altered in ways that do not occur naturally, such as the introduction of a gene from another organism.
Soybeans, corn (field and sweet), canola, cotton, alfalfa, sugar beets, summer squash, papaya, apples, and potatoes are among the 11 commercially available genetically modified crops in the United States.
Genetically Modified foods are intended to be healthier and less expensive to produce. GMO foods have several advantages, including more nutrients, fewer pesticides, and lower prices. Genetically Modified foods can cause allergic reactions or increased antibiotic resistance.
Some of the benefits of genetic engineering in agriculture include increased crop yields, lower costs for food or drug production, reduced need for pesticides, improved nutrient composition and food quality, resistance to pests and disease, greater food security, and medical benefits to the world's growing population.
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how does osteoporosis weaken bones? check all that apply.lowers bone masslowers bone densitycreates holes in bonescauses permanent painresults in a loss in heightresults in stooped postureoccurs in hip, spine, or wrist
The holes and voids in the honeycomb are significantly larger in osteoporotic bone than in healthy bone. Bones that are osteoporotic have abnormal tissue structures and have lost mass or density. Bones with less density are more fragile and prone to fracture.
Why does osteoporosis cause bone thinning?Your body may reabsorb calcium and phosphate from your bones as you age rather than keeping them there. The result is weaker bones. Osteoporosis is the name given to this process when it reaches a specific stage.
What erodes bones?Lower bone density, early bone loss, and fracture risk are all exacerbated by a low-calcium diet. Physical activity People who are physically inactive are more prone to acquire osteoporosis than people who are physically active.
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Answer:
lowers bone mass
lowers bone density
creates holes in bones
Explanation:
correct on edge 2023
bacteria that live near black smoker hydrothermal vents and get their energy from oxidizing hydrogen sulfide are examples of:
Bacteria that live near black smoker hydrothermal vents and get their energy from oxidizing hydrogen sulfide are examples of Chemolithotrophs.
Chemolithotrophs are the bacteria that live in hydrothermal vents the most frequently. In order to convert carbon dioxide into organic carbon, these bacteria use reduced chemical species, most frequently sulfur, as sources of energy.
Methanopyrus kandleri is a species of Archaea that prefers heat and salt and lives on smokers' chimney walls. In a process known as methanogenesis, it extracts energy from hydrogen gas and produces methane.
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How are proteins built using the information provided by a molecule of RNA prediction?
A cell's messenger RNA molecules contain instructions that are read by the ribosome, which then uses these mRNAs to assemble amino acids into proteins in the precise order specified by the mRNA.
How is RNA converted into protein?Three processes make up the method by which RNA is translated into protein: initiation, elongation, and termination. A tRNA and ribosome join an mRNA during initiation. Methionine will always be the first amino acid in the sequence since the start codon, AUG, codes for it.
When mRNA exits the nucleus, it travels to a ribosome, which is made up of proteins and rRNA. The ribosome reads the mRNA's codon sequence. The ribosome is supplied with amino acids via tRNA molecules.
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What is the T method used for in microbiology?
T-Streaking the agar petri plate was separated into three portions, but every portion is streaked in this unique way of streaking.
A Petri plate is what?A small, transparent, rounded dish with a lid that is used in science tests, particularly for the growth of bacteria in a Petri plate. In the microbiology lab, agar plates—a thin layer of nutritional gel in a Petri dish—are used to cultivate bacteria and fungi.
What material are Petri dishes made of?A flat, wide dish made of plastic or glass with an appropriate lid is referred to as a petri dish. Different sorts of cells, notably viruses and molds, are cultured in a petri dish. It frequently includes a nutritious substrate for the cells to thrive on.
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Chapter 30 biology: the dynamics of life: reinforcement and study guide: fishes and amphibians
Amphibians are creatures that live in water and are born with gills; however, as they grow, many amphibians also acquire lungs.
As a result, they can eventually live on land. Some amphibians do live their entire lives with their gills. Amphibians lack scales, unlike fish, and the majority grow legs as they get older.
In general, there are two different groups of vertebrates: fish and amphibians. Although their natural habitats can occasionally be comparable, amphibians can live in both aquatic and terrestrial environments. Aside from that, fish and amphibians differ in key basic characteristics.
However, occasionally people misidentify the amphibian larvae as fish. Thus, understanding the distinctions between fish and amphibians is always preferable.
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a). Draw and label a simple diagram of the phospholipid bilayer consisting of multiple phospholipids, one transmembrane protein, one peripheral protein, and a few cholesterol molecules. b). Explain the orientation of the phospholipids. c). What is the purpose of the cholesterol in the membrane?
Multiple strategies exist for cholesterol to modify the bilayer structure of biological membranes. It modifies the lipid bilayers' fluidity, thickness, compressibility, water permeability, and intrinsic curvature.
Each phospholipid molecule has a head (polar area) that faces the bilayer's exterior. Each phospholipid molecule has a tail (nonpolar portion) that faces the bilayer's interior. The hydrophobic effect is the cause of this orientation.Phospholipids form a bilayer by positioning their heads inside the membrane and their tails toward the polar molecules of water solutions.
In between each phospholipid bilayer, there are pockets of cholesterol. The tails of the fatty acids may melt or freeze in the event of a temperature change. As the temperature rises, the phospholipid molecules have a tendency to spread apart, whereas at low temperatures, they prefer to move extremely closely together. This changes the fluidity of the membrane. disrupting the substance-transporting capacity of the membrane. The stabilising molecule known as cholesterol is what keeps phospholipids from moving excessively when the temperature changes.
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