The ancestors of modern-day fish were vertebrate chordates. Vertebrate chordates are believed to have evolved from invertebrate chordates, which were similar to modern-day tunicates.

What change must have occurred during the evolution from invertebrate chordates to vertebrate chordates?

A.
A backbone evolved to enclose the notochord, which develops from the spinal cord.
B.
An endoskeleton evolved to enclose the spinal cord, which develops from the notochord.
C.
An endoskeleton evolved to enclose the dorsal nerve cord, which develops from the notochord.
D.
A backbone evolved to enclose the spinal cord, which develops from the dorsal nerve cord.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:  

The correct answer is option B, that is, an endoskeleton evolved to enclose the dorsal nerve cord, which develops from the notochord.

Explanation:

It has been discovered that the ancestors of the modern-day fish were vertebrate chordates. The vertebrate chordates are considered to have evolved from the invertebrate chordates that are identical to the present day tunicates. It has been found that in vertebrates the endoskeleton has evolved to encompass the dorsal nerve cord that has been developed from the notochord (a characteristic of invertebrates).

Answer 2
C. An endoskeleton evolved to enclose the dorsal nerve cord, which develops from the notochord.

Related Questions

What could happen if the brain stem were damage

Answers

ANSWER:

A brain stem injury can cause DIZZINESS or LACK OF MOTOR FUNCTION,with more severe cases resulting in PARALYSIS,COMA,or DEATH.Treatment can be extremely expensive and many victims are unable to work while coping with a brain stem injury.

DNA molecules separate into single strands which are then used to construct two identical strands of DNA this process ensures genetic

A)consistency
B)variability
C)diversity
D)reduction

Answers

Answer: A)consistency

Explanation:

cells in the nervous system which have various functions related to support and nourishment are called:

Answers

brain or nervous system cells are called as neurons

Cells in the nervous system which have various functions related to support and nourishment are called glial cells.

What are the functions of glial cells?

Glia, also called glial cells (gliocytes) or neuroglia, are non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system that do not produce electrical impulses.

Functions include: clean up brain "debris"; transport nutrients to neurons; hold neurons in place; digest parts of dead neurons; regulate content of extracellular space; promote synaptic connections.

Any of the cells that hold nerve cells in place and help them work the way they should. The types of glial cells include oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells.

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7)When a body cell divides through the process of mitosis, the chromosomes in the daughter cells *
10 points
are formed when chromosomes from the parent cell cross over.
are identical to the chromosomes of the parent cell.
represent only the healthiest chromosomes from the parent cell.
represent only half of the chromosomes in the parent cell.

8)Before a cell enters mitosis, what happens to the genetic information in that cell? *
10 points
The information is duplicated.
The information is selectively mutated.
The information is halved.
The information is completely changed.

9)Which of the following best describes how mitosis is related to cellular reproduction? *
10 points
Mitosis is a phase in asexual reproduction that results in the formation of similar, but not identical, nuclei in the daughter cells.
Mitosis is a phase in asexual reproduction that results in the formation of identical nuclei in the daughter cells.
Mitosis is a phase in sexual reproduction that results in the formation of similar, but not identical, nuclei in the daughter cells.
Mitosis is a phase in sexual reproduction that results in the formation of identical nuclei in the daughter cells.10)Which of the following occurs during the interphase stage of the cell cycle? I. DNA is replicated. II. The cell divides. III. The cell grows in size. *
10 points
II only
I and III only
I, II, and III
I and II only

11)A diagram of the cell cycle is shown below. Which of the following statements best describes what happens during the S phase of the cell cycle? *
10 points
Captionless Image
The cell's chromosomes separate.
The contents of the cell divide.
The cell's DNA is replicated.
The cell prepares for mitosis.

12)At a point during a cell's development, it begins to differentiate. How does differentiation occur? *
10 points
Certain genes are turned on and others are turned off; this action produces adult cells that are specialized
As a cell matures, genes that are not necessary to its function are ejected out of the cell through active transport.
The number of chromosomes in the cell is reduced by half; this action triggers the specialization of the cell.
A developing cell's function is determined by the number of organelles that are contained in the cell.

Answers

Through the mitotic process, two identical diploid daughter cells are produced. Mitosis is preceeded by the interphase and followed by cytokinesis. 7) b. / 8) a. / 9) b. / 10) b. / 11) c. / 12) a.

-------------------------------------------------

The interphase occurs before cell division. It is composed of the G1, S, and G2 stages.

During the G1 stage, the cell duplicates in size. The organelles and other cytoplasmatic structures duplicate. The high intense biochemical activity is characteristic of this stage.

During the S stage occurs the DNI molecule replication process. At this point, also happens the synthesis of histones and other associated proteins.  

The G2 stage is the final one before the cellular division. Here begins the slow process of DNI condensation. Duplication of centrioles completes. Structures such as spindle fibers are assembled.  

Mitosis is a process by which, from a diploid somatic cell (2n), two daughter diploid cells (2n) are produced.  

Daughter cells are identical to the original cell.

Mitosis occurs in only one phase, divided into four stages.

In the prophase, it occurs chromosomes condensation and nuclear membrane breaks.

During the metaphase, chromosomes are taken toward the center of the cell by the spindle apparatus. Once in the equatorial plane, chromosomes line up.

Each chromatid joins with a microtubule of opposites poles.

In Anaphase, bonds between chromatids break. They separate and migrate to the opposite poles.

In telophase, duplicated chromosomes are already in the corresponding poles, and the nuclear membrane forms again in each pole.  

Finally, cytokinesis occurs.

                                       *************************************

Now, according to this theoretical framework, we can answer the questions.

7) b. are identical to the chromosomes of the parent cell.

8) a. The information is duplicated.

9) b. Mitosis is a phase in asexual reproduction that results in the formation of identical nuclei in the daughter cells.

10) b. I and III only

11) c. The cell's DNA is replicated.

12) a. Certain genes are turned on and others are turned off; this action produces adult cells that are specialized

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6. Challenge: Based on the weathering patterns, guess the rock type shown in each photo.


Answers

What are the photos?

When classified according to the kind of chemical reactions catalyzed, digestive enzymes are referred to as _____ enzymes.

Answers

Answer:

hydrolyzing

Explanation:

When classified according to the kind of chemical reactions catalyzed, digestive enzymes are referred to as hydrolyzing enzymes.

why does chlorophyll make most plants appear green?

Answers

It does not absorb the green wavelengths of white light.

What organelle is a twin.

Answers

Some of the major organelles include the nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi apparatus. Plant cells also include chloroplasts, which are responsible for photosynthesis.

Proteins contain ___ different
amino acids, whereas DNA
and RNA are composed
of different ___ nucleotides.

Answers

protein contain 23 different amino acids whereas DNA and Rna are composed of different 4 nucleotides

Most of Earth's energy comes from the Sun. Where does the rest come from?
a. internal heat
b. nuclear fusion
c. biomass
d. fossil fuels

Explain

Answers

Answer:

The answer is nuclear fusion

Explanation:

Solar energy is created by nuclear fusion that takes place in the sun. Fusion occurs when protons of hydrogen atoms violently collide in the sun's core and fuse to create a helium atom.

what will happen if phase changes didn't exist?​

Answers

Answer:

Matter can exist in one of several different states, including a gas, liquid, or solid state. The amount of energy in molecules of matter determines the state of matter.

A gas is a state of matter in which atoms or molecules have enough energy to move freely. The molecules come into contact with one another only when they randomly collide.

A liquid is a state of matter in which atoms or molecules are constantly in contact but have enough energy to keep changing positions relative to one another.

A solid is a state of matter in which atoms or molecules do not have enough energy to move. They are constantly in contact and in fixed positions relative to one another.

Explanation:

How does cell division occur in prokaryotes?

Answers

Answer:

How does cell division occur in prokaryotes? - Cell division occurs through a process call binary fission in which the DNA is copied, the cell membrane pinches inward to split and form 2 genetically identical cells. Examples include ecoll and some types of bacteria

Hope this helps :)

The tall allele is dominant and the dwarf allele is recessive. What is the abbreviation for the dwarf allele

Answers

Answer:

t

Explanation:

really just lowercase but I would you T,t because your talking about being tall or dwarf so you need to know that the T is tall and the t is dwarf

Hope this helped

To some extent, sensory receptors in the skin are specialized to detect and register specific stimuli. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F.

Answers

Sensory receptors in the skin being specialized to detect and register

specific stimuli is True.

The skin is an example of a sense organ found in the body . It contains

receptors which helps to detect and respond to stimuli.  There are

different stimuli such as touch, pressure, pain and temperature

This means that the skin being a sense organ is able to detect and register

specific stimuli as a result of the presence of its receptors.

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Answer:

True or False? TRUE

Explanation:

What's metamorphism?
A) The process by which new minerals form from existing minerals that become unstable at Earth's surface
B) The process by which new minerals form from existing minerals as a result of elevated temperature or pressure
C) The process by which new minerals form as a result of biological processes in living organisms
D) The process by which new minerals form as a result of precipitation from an aqueous solution

Answers

Answer:

D) The process by which new minerals form as a result of precipitation from an aqueous solution

why is a source of information type of document important in writing science research paper

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Its important to have resources that way the reader can go back and verify the information that is on the research paper for their own reasons

frequencies of alleles in a population occasionally change due to random changes. this process is called

Answers

Answer: Genetic Drift

Explanation:

It's all based on sampling errors.

why shouldnt you move the objective lense towards the stage when focusing

Answers

REMOVING THE SLIDE FROM UNDER HIGHER POWER OBJECTIVES MAY CAUSE THE SLIDE SURFACE TO HIT THE OBJECTIVE LENS SINCE THE LENS IN THESE OBJECTIVES WILL BE VERY CLOSE TO THE SLIDE. THIS COULD RESULT IN DAMAGE TO THE LENS. b. TO ACHIEVE THE HIGHEST POSSIBLE RESOLUTION WHEN VIEWING THROUGH THE HIGHEST POWER OBJECTIVES.

Think about the importance of energy. Without a source of energy organisms cannot respond, build, reproduce, or carry out most of the functions of living things. From where does our energy come? Explain how Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration are important in your everyday life. Be Scientific! 5-6 sentences!

Answers

Answer:

Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are important parts of the carbon cycle. The carbon cycle is the pathway through which carbon is recycled in the biosphere. While cellular respiration releases carbon dioxide into the environment, photosynthesis pulls carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere. The exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen during photosynthesis and cellular respiration worldwide helps to keep atmospheric oxygen and carbon dioxide at stable levels.

Photosynthesis is a very important process in plants. It helps in the formation of glucose in plants. Cellular respiration takes place in human beings.

What is energy?

Energy is the ability to do work. All living organisms require energy to do work. Energy is transformed to chemical energy in plant cells through a process called photosynthesis.

Plants utilise the chemical energy stored during photosynthesis in their cellular respiration for essential life functions. Energy is changed during both photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

The light-dependent and light-independent processes of photosynthesis are also important for plant management.

Therefore, Photosynthesis is a very important process in plants. It helps in the formation of glucose in plants. Cellular respiration takes place in human beings.

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How to find number of alleles present in a population.

Answers

Answer:

Count how many times the allele appears.

Explanation:

Dividing also becomes part of it.

During meiosis, two sets of chromosomes in a cell are divided among the nuclei of four cells resulting from the process. Each nuclei has

half the number of chromosomes as the original cell.
one–fourth the number of chromosomes as the original cell.
twice the number of chromosomes as the original cell.
the same number of chromosomes as the original cell.

Answers

Answer:

half the number of chromosomes as the original cell

Explanation:

NEED HELP ASAP
Select ALL the correct answers. Which statements about tsunamis are true? Group of answer choices:
Coastal areas are safe from them.
Underwater landslides can cause them.
Earthquakes can stop them from causing flooding.
They are less destructive than typical wind-caused waves.
They are powerful ocean waves.

Answers

Answer: The Answer's are A( They are powerful ocean waves) B(Underwater landslides can cause them)

Explanation: I Got it correct on my test!

(A) They are powerful ocean waves.

(B) Underwater landslides can cause them.

Plato :)

Help me label these parts please

Answers

Answer:

1. Cell Body

2. Nucleus

3. Endoplasmic reticulum

4. Mitochondria

5. Dendritic Branches

6. Dendrite

7. Golgi Apparatus

8. Axon

9. Telodendria

10. Synaptic Terminals

Explanation:

I am smart like that :)

What is a rock? What are the main components of a rock
please say​

Answers

Answer: A rock is a naturally occurring solid mass made of either one mineral or a variety of. Minerals are the main components.



Explanation:

2.4 Explain the safety measures that one should consider when participating in physical education activities. ​

Answers

One should consider: proper clothing and shoes-so not to get injured. Knowledge of equipment and activity—one should know how to use all equipment and know how to play the games/activity so not to hurt themselves or others. Proper hydration and nutrition before hand-so not to get dehydrated or dizzy or sick and safety og equipment and location-check for broken items and discard, check environment for hills, holes, sticks, traffic, etc.

Calculate the kinetic energy of a
30 g bullet fired at 200 m/s.

Answers

Step 1: Identify the formula needed to solve this problem.

The formula for kinetic energy (KE) is:

KE = 1/2m~v^2

m = mass

v = velocity

Step 2: Make a list of the values given in the question.

mass (m) = 30 g

velocity (v) = 200 m/s

[tex] \frac{1}{2} m {v}^{2} \\ \frac{1}{2} \times 30 \times {200}^{2} \\ 15 \times 40000 \\ = 600000[/tex]

Answer:

6 × 10⁵ J

Explanation:

Kinetic Energy of a moving mass is defined as, half of the product of it's mass and the square of it's velocity.

[tex] \boxed{ \mathsf{K.E. = \frac{1}{2} m( {v})^{2} }}[/tex]

Mass of the bullet (m) = 30 gvelocity (v) = 200 m/ s

[tex] \implies\mathsf{K.E. = \frac{1}{2} \times 30 \times ( {200})^{2} }[/tex]

[tex] \implies\mathsf{K.E. = 15 \times 4 \times {10}^{4} }[/tex]

[tex] \implies\mathsf{K.E. = 60 \times {10}^{4} }[/tex]

[tex] \implies \underline{\mathsf{K.E. = 6 \times {10}^{5} J }}[/tex]

What is the function of the conjugation pilus?.

Answers

Conjugative pili allow the transfer of DNA between bacteria, in the process of bacterial conjugation. They are sometimes called “sex pili”, in analogy to sexual reproduction, because they allow for the exchange of genes via the formation of “mating pairs”.

What must happen before a cell can begin mitosis? View Available Hint(s) for Part A The sister chromatids must be separated. The nuclear envelope must

Answers

Answer:

What must happen before a cell can begin mitosis? The chromosomes must be duplicated, which occurs during interphase.

Explanation:

The minimum number of microorganisms necessary to enter the body and establish infection is termed the _______.

Answers

Answer:

it is term to the power of the White blood cells

Which group lists the levels of genetic information in order from smallest to largest.

Answers

Smallest to Largest:

1. Nucleotide

2. Gene

3. Chromosome

4. Genome

Nucleotide, Gene, Chromosome and Genome is the levels of genetic information in order from smallest to largest.

What is Chromosome?

Chromosomes are the thread-like structure made up of protein (histones) and a single molecule of DNA which carries all the genetic information in it. It is located in nucleus.

Human have 23 pairs of chromosomes including pairs of 22 chromosomes (i.e. Autosomal Chromosomes) and 1 pair of Sex Chromosome (XX or XY).

Each pair contain two Chromosomes inheriting from the parents, half from mother and another half from the father.

Each chromosome have a point which is constricted in the middle known as Centromere, which divides chromosomes into two arms i.e. short arm “p” and long arm “q”.

Thus, Nucleotide, Gene, Chromosome and Genome is the levels of genetic information in order from smallest to largest.

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