Nitrous acid ([tex]HNO_2[/tex]) would be more suitable for use in a solution buffered at pH 7.0.
To determine which acid, nitrous acid ([tex]HNO_2[/tex]) or hypochlorous acid (HClO), is more suitable for use in a solution buffered at pH 7.0, we need to compare their pKa values. The pKa is related to the Ka (acid dissociation constant) by the equation:
pKa = -log10(Ka)
Let's calculate the pKa values for nitrous acid and hypochlorous acid using the given Ka values:
For nitrous acid ([tex]HNO_2[/tex]):
pKa = -log10(4.5×[tex]10^{(-4)[/tex])
= -log10(4.5) - log10([tex]10^{(-4)[/tex])
= -log10(4.5) + 4
For hypochlorous acid (HClO):
pKa = -log10(3.0×[tex]10^{(-8)[/tex])
= -log10(3.0) - log10([tex]10^{(-8)[/tex])
= -log10(3.0) + 8
Comparing the pKa values, we find:
pKa ([tex]HNO_2[/tex]) = -log10(4.5) + 4
pKa (HClO) = -log10(3.0) + 8
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given the following experimental data, find the rate law and the rate constant for the reaction nh4 no2 -> n2 2 h2o rate = k {nh4 ] ^ [no2]
The rate law for the reaction is `rate = k[NH4][NO2]` and the rate constant is `k = 0.004 M^-2 s^-1`.
The rate law for the reaction:
`NH4NO2 -> N2 + 2H2O` is `rate = k[NH4NO2]`.
Given that the reaction is first order with respect to both NH4 and NO2, it can be written as `rate = k[NH4][NO2]`. The rate constant k is calculated by plugging in the rate data from the experiment and solving for k.
Example of how to solve for the rate constant k:
Suppose the following rate data was obtained in an experiment where the concentration of NH4 and NO2 were varied:| Experiment | [NH4] (M) | [NO2] (M) | Rate (M/s) || 1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 4.0x10^-4 || 2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 8.0x10^-4 || 3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 4.0x10^-4 |Substituting the given data into the rate law:
Experiment 1: 4.0x10^-4 = k(0.1 M)(0.2 M) = 0.002 k
Experiment 2: 8.0x10^-4 = k(0.2 M)(0.2 M) = 0.008 k
Experiment 3: 4.0x10^-4 = k(0.2 M)(0.1 M) = 0.002 k
Taking the average of the three k values:
k = (0.002 + 0.008 + 0.002)/3 = 0.004 M^-2 s^-1
Therefore, the rate law for the reaction is `rate = k[NH4][NO2]` and the rate constant is `k = 0.004 M^-2 s^-1`.
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Which of the following compounds will be more soluble in pentane (C5H12)? Why?
A) pentanol (CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH)
B) benzene (C6H6)
C) acetic acid (CH3CO2H)
D) ethyl methyl ketone (CH3CH2COCH3)
Option B is correct. benzene (C6H6). Pentane is an aliphatic hydrocarbon with only nonpolar C-C and C-H bonds, making it a nonpolar solvent. Its chemical formula is C₅H₁₂.
What is BenzeneBenzene (C₆H₆) is also a nonpolar compound, consisting of a hexagonal ring of carbon atoms with hydrogen atoms attached. The carbon-carbon (C-C) bonds and carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds in benzene are nonpolar, resulting in a nonpolar molecule.
On the other hand, pentanol (C₅H₁₁OH), acetic acid (C₂H₄O₂), and ethyl methyl ketone (C₄H₈O) contain polar functional groups such as hydroxyl (-OH), carboxyl (-COOH), and carbonyl (-CO-) groups, respectively. These polar functional groups create polarity within the molecules.
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Write a short procedure (include type of glassware, calculations, etc.) for making 25.00 mL of a 0.0250 M NaF solution from 5. a. Solid NaF b. 0.100 M NaF solution
To prepare a 25.00 mL solution of 0.0250 M NaF, you can follow either of the following procedures:
Short procedure (include type of glassware, calculations, etc.) for making 25.00 mL of a 0.0250 M NaF solutiona. Using Solid NaF:
Weigh the appropriate amount of solid NaF (calculated based on desired concentration) using an analytical balance.Transfer the weighed NaF into a clean and dry 25.00 mL volumetric flask.Add distilled water to the flask up to the mark on the neck and swirl gently to dissolve the solid completely.Mix the solution thoroughly by inverting the flask several times.Adjust the solution level to the mark using a dropper or pipette if needed.Cap the flask and label it with the concentration and date.b. Using 0.100 M NaF Solution:
Calculate the volume of 0.100 M NaF solution needed to prepare 25.00 mL of a 0.0250 M solution using the dilution formula.Measure the calculated volume (6.25 mL) of the 0.100 M NaF solution using a graduated cylinder, pipette, or burette.Transfer the measured solution into a clean and dry 25.00 mL volumetric flask.Add distilled water to the flask up to the mark on the neck and swirl gently to ensure proper mixing.Follow steps 5-9 from the procedure using solid NaF to complete the preparation.Both procedures involve careful measurement and mixing of the NaF compound with distilled water in a volumetric flask. The resulting solutions will have a concentration of 0.0250 M NaF.
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Fossil Fuels are an ________ resource that people are hoping to replace with ______ resources.
Answer:
fossil fuels are an nonrenewable resource that people are hoping to replace with renewable resources
Explanation:
how many electrons are in the cyclobutadiene molecule shown below?
There are 20 electrons in the cyclobutadiene molecule shown in the image.
Cyclobutadiene is a molecule that contains 4 carbon atoms and 4 hydrogen atoms. The chemical formula for cyclobutadiene is C4H4. It is a highly reactive molecule and is unstable in its pure form. It has a square planar shape, and each carbon atom is bonded to two neighboring carbon atoms and one hydrogen atom.
Each carbon atom in cyclobutadiene has four valence electrons, and each hydrogen atom has one valence electron. Valence electrons are the outermost electrons in an atom and are involved in chemical bonding. The number of valence electrons in an atom is determined by the group number in the periodic table.
Carbon is in group 14, so it has 4 valence electrons. Hydrogen is in group 1, so it has 1 valence electron. The total number of valence electrons in cyclobutadiene is calculated by adding the valence electrons of all the atoms.
4 carbon atoms x 4 valence electrons per carbon atom = 16 valence electrons4 hydrogen atoms x 1 valence electron per hydrogen atom = 4 valence electrons Total number of valence electrons = 16 + 4 = 20Therefore, there are 20 electrons in the cyclobutadiene molecule shown in the image.
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50 POINTS PLEASE ANSWER CORRECTLY
Two balls collide on a pool table. Before the collision, ball 1 is traveling with a speed of 4 m/s, and ball 2 is at rest. After the collision both balls are in motion.
What has happened in this collision?
A. There was no change in ball 2's velocity, therefore momentum was not conserved.
B. Ball 2's velocity decreased, and it gained some of ball 1's momentum.
C. Ball 1's velocity decreased, and it gained momentum.
D. Ball 2's velocity increased, and it gained some of ball 1's momentum.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
With the collision, obviously Ball 2's velocity increased, while Ball 1 slowed down a little bit due to the impact. This decrease in velocity caused a decrease in Ball 1's Momentum. Satisfying both conditions, option D is right.
What is the Molar Mass of MgO?
Answer:
The answer should be 40.3044 g/mol
is mixing colored light (like using this equipment in this lab) the same as mixing colored paint (as if you were mixing actual paint together)?
The mixing of colored light and colored paint follows different color models and produces different outcomes due to the properties of light and pigments.
Mixing colored light and mixing colored paint are not the same. When mixing colored light, such as using equipment in a lab, the primary colors are red, green, and blue (RGB). By combining different intensities of these colors, you can create various shades and hues. Mixing all three primary colors at full intensity produces white light.
On the other hand, mixing colored paint involves using the subtractive color model. The primary colors are cyan, magenta, and yellow (CMY). When you mix paints, the pigments absorb certain wavelengths of light, and the reflected light determines the perceived color. Mixing all three primary colors in paint results in a dark, muddy color, not white.
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1+1
[tex]1 + 1[/tex]
11
1. How many moles are in 24.6 grams of NaCl?
If someone could give an explanation along with an answer that would be appreciated :)
What problems may global warming cause?
Answer:
Global warming stresses ecosystems through temperature rises, water shortages, increased fire threats, drought, weed and pest invasions, intense storm damage and salt invasion, just to name a few.
Explanation:
Global warming stresses ecosystems through temperature rises, water shortages, increased fire threats, drought, weed and pest invasions, intense storm damage and salt invasion, just to name a few.
Name the compound and determine the number of moles present. SHOW YOUR WORK.
60.0g Na2SO4
Answer:
60.0g Na2SO4
Na2SO4 molar mass 142.04g
divide 60.0 by 142.02
And you get the answer .422moles Na2SO4
let me know if you need more explanation
Which type of fuel do you predict might have the
greatest impact on carbon dioxi de levels in the
atmosphere?
Please answer this. If your just gonna give me a fake answer please just don’t
Answer:
If the choices were coal, petroleum, and natural gas, I would say that petroleum has the greatest impact on the CO₂ levels in the atmosphere. I chose petroleum because of transportation, such as cars, trucks, planes, and more.
is it unsaturated, saturated, or super saturated
Answer:
saturated
Explanation:
It is not dense enough to be supersaturated.
Answer:
unsaturated
Explanation:
salts arent fatty
You have a hydrate of compound X that is 60.26g. You heat the hydrate, allow it to cool, and then remass it. The new mass is 23.0g. The molar mass of compound X as an anhydrate is 100 g/mol.
Answer:
100gmol
Explanation:
In the following reaction, identify the element getting oxidized and element getting reduced: Ba(s) + 2H+ (aq) → Ba2+ (aq) + H2(g) Ba getting oxidized/H getting reduced Ba2 getting oxidized / Ba2+ getting reduced H getting oxidized/H* getting reduced H getting oxidized / Ba getting reduced NO
The correct answer is:Ba getting oxidized/H getting reduced.
Explanation: In the following reaction, Ba is getting oxidized and H is getting reduced. Given reaction is: Ba(s) + 2H+ (aq) → Ba2+ (aq) + H2(g)In the given redox reaction, the Ba is being oxidized to Ba2+. Its oxidation state is increasing from 0 to +2. This means that Ba is losing electrons and getting oxidized. Hence, Ba is the element that is getting oxidized in the given reaction.The H+ is getting reduced to H2. Its oxidation state is decreasing from +1 to 0. This means that H is gaining electrons and getting reduced. Hence, H is the element that is getting reduced in the given reaction.Therefore, the correct option is:Ba getting oxidized/H getting reduced.
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A system gains 652 kJ of heat, resulting in a change in internal energy of the system equal to +241 kJ. How much work is done?
Answer:
-411 kj
Explanation:
We solve by using this formula
∆U = ∆Q + ∆W
This formula is the first law of thermodynamics
Change in internal energy U = +241
Heat gained by system Q = 652
Putting the value into the equation
+241 = 652 + W
Workdone = 241 - 652
Workdone = -411 kj
Since work done is negative it means that work was done by the system
(GIVING BRAINLIEST) Which is NOT an example of a good source of complex carbohydrates?
peas
beans
whole-wheat bread
white bread
Answer: White bread
Explanation:
A 148.20 sample of an unknown substance was heated from 25°C to 40°C. In the process, the substance absorbed 5683 J of energy. What is the
specific heat of the substance.
Answer: 2556.455 J/(kg.°C)
Explanation:
Im assuming the 148.20 is in grams
The equation is Q=mcΔT
Q= Heat (J)
m= Mass
c= SHC (specific heat capacity)
ΔT= Temp change
You are given two flasks of equal volume. One contains H2 at 0°C and 1 atm while the other contains CO2 at and 2 atm. Which of the following quantities will be the same for both flasks?
a. average molecular speed
b. density
c. average molecular kinetic energy
d. number of molecules present
The number of molecules present is the only quantity that will be the same for both flasks. The quantity that will be the same for both flasks is:
d. number of molecules present
The number of molecules present in each flask is determined by the ideal gas equation, which states that the number of molecules (n) is proportional to the product of the pressure (P), volume (V), and the inverse of the temperature (T):
PV = nRT
Since the two flasks have the same volume, the number of molecules present will be the same if the temperature and pressure are also the same.
However, for the other quantities listed:
a. average molecular speed: The average molecular speed of a gas is directly proportional to the square root of the temperature. Since the temperatures in the two flasks are different (0°C and the other temperature is not specified), the average molecular speeds will be different.
b. density: The density of a gas is determined by its molar mass and pressure. Since [tex]H_2[/tex] and [tex]CO_2[/tex] have different molar masses, their densities will be different even if the pressures are the same.
c. average molecular kinetic energy: The average molecular kinetic energy of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature. Since the temperatures in the two flasks are different, the average molecular kinetic energies will be different.
Therefore, the number of molecules present is the only quantity that will be the same for both flasks.
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For the following equation insert the correct coefficients that would balance the equation. If no coefficient is need please insert the NUMBER 1.
1. CH4 + O2 --> CO2 + H2O
Answer:
1CH₄ + 2O₂ -> 1CO₂ + 2H₂O
Explanation:
Reactants:
1 C
4 H
4 O
Products:
1 C
4 H
4 O
The equation is balanced.
choose the substance with the lowest surface tension. a) ch3oh b) ch3ch2ch2ch3 c) c6h14 d) h2o e) (ch3)2co
(CH₃)₂CO, also known as acetone, is a liquid at room temperature and has a surface tension of 23.8 mN/m.
Surface tension is defined as the tendency of the surface of a liquid to behave like an elastic sheet. The substances with the lowest surface tension are those that tend to spread out to a greater extent on the surface rather than to form a droplet.
Out of the given substances, the one with the lowest surface tension is (e) (CH₃)₂CO, which is acetone.
A) CH₃OH, also known as methanol, is a liquid at room temperature and has a surface tension of 22.6 mN/m.
B) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃, also known as butane, is a gas at room temperature and therefore does not have a surface tension value.
C) C₆H₁₄, also known as hexane, is a liquid at room temperature and has a surface tension of 18.4 mN/m.
D) H₂O, also known as water, is a liquid at room temperature and has a surface tension of 71.97 mN/m.
E) (CH₃)₂CO, also known as acetone, is a liquid at room temperature and has a surface tension of 23.8 mN/m.
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These diagrams show two atoms of fluorine and an atom of magnesium.
On the left, a purple circle labeled F is shown twice, both times surrounded by 2 concentric circles. The inner circle has 2 small green spheres. The outer circle has 7 small green spheres. On the right, a purple circle labeled M g surrounded by 3 concentric circles. The inner circle has 2 small green spheres. The middle circle has 8 small green spheres. The outer circle has 1 small green sphere.
Which shows the correct steps in the formation of an ionic bond between these atoms?
A magnesium atom accepts six electrons from the fluorine atoms → Each fluorine atom donates three of the electrons → The magnesium atom becomes a -2 ion → Each fluorine atom becomes a +1 ion
A magnesium atom donates two electrons to the fluorine atoms → Each fluorine atom accepts one of the electrons → The magnesium atom becomes a -2 ion → Each fluorine atom becomes a +1 ion
A magnesium atom accepts two electrons from the fluorine atoms → Each fluorine atom donates one of the electrons → The magnesium atom becomes a -2 ion → Each fluorine atom becomes a +1 ion
A magnesium atom donates two electrons to the fluorine atoms → Each fluorine atom accepts one of the electrons → The magnesium atom becomes a +2 ion → Each fluorine atom becomes a -1 ion
Answer: D
Explanation:
took test
Answer:
D
Explanation:
got it right
Please help with ALL!
Answer:
A. Particle emitted = alpha particle; Protons lost = 2; Change in mass = -4
B. Particle emitted = alpha particle; Protons lost = 2; Change in mass = -4
C. Particle emitted = beta particles; protons gained = 1; Change in mass = 0
D. Particle emitted = alpha particle; Protons lost = 2; Change in mass = -4
E. Particle emitted = gamma ray; protons gained = 0; Change in mass = 0
F. Particle emitted = alpha particle; Protons lost = 2; Change in mass = -4
Explanation:
Radioactivity is the spontaneous disintegration of nucleus of an atom resulting in emission of particles and radiation unyil a stable atomic nuclei is obtained. Substances that are exhibit radioactivity are known as radioactive substances and are usually isotopes of stable atoms.
The types of radiation emitted by a radioactive substances include alpha rays, beta rays, and gamma rays.
Alpha rays or particles are fast moving positively charged particles with a mass number of four and atomic number of two. Thus, each alpha particle is a helium nucleus.
Beta rays or particles are vary fast moving stream of electrons having a mass number of zero and a charge of -1.
Gamma rays are not particles but are electromagnetic waves similar to visible light and X-rays but with shorter wavelengths. They have no mass or charge.
An atom emitting alpha particles has its mass reducing by 4 units and its atomic number decreasing by 2.
An atom emitting beta particles as it decays has no change in mass but its atomic number increases by 1.
From the table:
A. Particle emitted = alpha particle; Protons lost = 2; Change in mass = -4
B. Particle emitted = alpha particle; Protons lost = 2; Change in mass = -4
C. Particle emitted = beta particles; protons gained = 1; Change in mass = 0
D. Particle emitted = alpha particle; Protons lost = 2; Change in mass = -4
E. Particle emitted = gamma ray; protons gained = 0; Change in mass = 0
F. Particle emitted = alpha particle; Protons lost = 2; Change in mass = -4
1. Acetylsalicylic acid is also known as aspirin- C9H8O4 – see figure. a. Is acetylsalicylic acid a STRONG or WEAK acid? Circle the acidic proton. b. What is the pH of a 0.20 M solution of acetylsalicylic acid, given that the K, at 25 °C is 3.0 x 10-4? Justify any assumptions you make. c. % ionization is defined as the ratio of the ionized acid concentration to the initial acid concentration x 100%. Determine the % ionization for the solution of acetylsalicylic acid in b. above
a. Acetylsalicylic acid is a weak acid because it dissociates only partially in water.
b. The expression for Ka for acetylsalicylic acid is
Ka = [H+][C9H7O4O-]/[C9H8O4].
The ionization of acetylsalicylic acid is,
C9H8O4 + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + C9H7O4O-
Initial 0.20 M 0 0
Change - x + x + x
Equilibrium 0.20 - x x x
The value of Ka for acetylsalicylic acid is 3.0 × 10-4.
Ka = [H+][C9H7O4O-]/[C9H8O4]= 3.0 × 10-4
[H+]^2/[C9H8O4] = 3.0 × 10^-4 × [0.20 - x]
The ionization constant expression is solved for the value of x using the quadratic equation,
0.60 x 10-4 = x^2
x = 0.0077 M
[H+] = 7.8 × 10-4
The percentage of ionization is,
% ionization = (x/[C9H8O4]) × 100
= (0.0077/[0.20]) × 100
= 3.85%
Therefore, the % ionization for the solution of acetylsalicylic acid is 3.85%.
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. I am described as being conductive, malleable, shiny, and reactive with HCl. I am one of the most reactive elements. I turn black within seconds when I am exposed to air. If someone drops water on me, I will explode. When I do explode I send off characteristic purple-red (violet) flame. Who am I?
Answer:
Potassium
Explanation:
Most reactive metal in the reactivity series
The element in the question is referred to the alkali metal which is known as Potassium
Potassium is a highly reactive metal and reacts with Hydrochloric acid to
form a salt known as Potassium chloride and hydrogen gas.
Hcl + K ⇒ Kcl₍s₎ + H₂₍g₎
Potassium has a white color but when it reacts with water it explodes and
gives out a purple-red color as a result of the high excitation of electrons.
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The force of attraction that holds two atoms together within a molecule is
A
thermonuclear bonding
B
chemical bonding
crystal bonding
D
an atomic number
.Consider the phase diagram below. If the dashed line at 1 atm of pressure is followed from 100 to 500 °C, what phase changes will occur (in order of increasing temperature)?
sublimation, followed by vaporization
sublimation, followed by deposition
melting, followed by vaporization
vaporization, followed by deposition
No phase change will occur under the conditions specified.
2. The phase changes that will occur from 100 to 500 °C at 1 atm of pressure are sublimation followed by deposition.
Based on the information provided, the correct answer is:
2. sublimation, followed by deposition
Following the dashed line at 1 atm of pressure on the phase diagram from 100 to 500 °C, the phase changes that will occur are sublimation, followed by deposition.
At lower temperatures, the substance will undergo sublimation, transitioning directly from the solid phase to the gas phase. As the temperature increases, the substance will exist as a gas.
However, at higher temperatures, as the temperature decreases again, the gas will undergo deposition, transitioning directly from the gas phase back to the solid phase.
Therefore, the substance will experience sublimation and deposition as the temperature changes within the specified range, without undergoing melting or vaporization.
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help please. What type of reaction is this: barium nitrate --> barium oxide + nitrogen dioxide + oxygen
Answer:
Decomposition Reaction
Explanation:
Ba(NO₃)₂(s) ⇒ BaO(s) + N₂(g) + 3 O₂(g)
Barium nitrate decomposes into the chemical species that were used to create it.
What is the difference between soil and sand
Explanation:
The terms ‘sand’ and ‘soil’ are often interchanged and used synonymously with one another. Many people consider them the same, but when scrutinized, they are quite different from each other. First and foremost, sand is a type of soil–so is silt, clay, peat, and loam. These types of soils are generated when rocks break up into their constituent parts and are acted upon by outside forces, such as wind, water, and natural salts. The broad definition of soil refers to the loose layer of earth that covers the surface of the planet. Sand, on the other hand, is defined as loose material that consists of rocks or mineral grains.
Answer:
soil is defined as the top layer of the land surface of the earth that is composed of disintegrated rock particles, humus, water, and air.
sand is defined as a loose material that consists of rocks or mineral grains.
Explanation: