Trans fatty acids are a type of natural food component found in meat and dairy products. Trans fatty acids have been shown to reduce HDL and increase LDL.
What is meant by trans fatty acids?
Trans-fatty acids are the unsaturated fatty acids that are created when a hydrogen molecule is added to vegetable oils as part of a process called hydrogenation. The fatty acid content varies depending on the hydrogenation method. The trans structure of unsaturated fatty acids receives a single double conjugated bond, which gives it a straight shape and corrects the twisted shape resulting from cis bonds.
Increased trans-fatty acid concentrations, especially in the membranes of red blood cells, can result in blood vessel obstruction as a whole and raise the risk of heart disease. Trans fatty acids are a type of natural food component found in meat and dairy products.
Therefore, the correct answer is option e. can raise LDLs and lower HDLs.
The complete question is:
Trans fatty acids:
a. are recommended to make up at least 5% of daily calories from fat
b. shorten the shelf life of food products
c. are currently not required to be listed on the Nutrition Facts panel of food labels
d. are found only in processed foods, not found naturally in any other foods
e. can raise LDLs and lower HDLs
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cardiologists and other healthcare professionals recommend that people who are at elevated risk for developing cardiovascular disease adopt an ""anti-atherosclerotic"" lifestyle to help prevent atherosclerosis. click to select the components of an anti-atherosclerotic lifestyle.
The components of an anti atherosclerotic lifestyle include the following below:
Consumption of fruits and vegetables high in antioxidants.Diet low in saturated fat and trans fat.Smoking cessation.What is Atherosclerosis?This is referred to as a medical condition in which plaque builds up in the arteries of an individual as a result of him/her consuming diets which are high in fats etc.
Lifestyles which prevents us from having this condition is referred to as anti atherosclerotic lifestyle which involves the consumption of fruits and vegetables high in antioxidants.
Diet which are low in saturated and trans fat should be encouraged and smoking should be stopped in other to stay healthy from atherosclerosis thereby making them the correct choices.
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a nurse works in a bariatric clinic and cares for client with obesity who will or have undergone bariatric surgery. what is the nurse's understanding of how the procedure works?
Additionally, bariatric surgery can aid in lowering the risk of a wide range of illnesses linked to obesity.
What is Bariatric Surgery?Various procedures are done on obese patients as part of bariatric surgery. By changing the levels of gut hormones that control hunger and fullness, standard of care methods for long-term weight loss primarily result in a new biological weight set point. The best method for treating obesity-related issues and causing weight loss is bariatric surgery.
Studies conducted over a lengthy period of time in 2009 have shown that the treatments lead to significant long-term weight loss, the resolution of diabetes, a reduction in cardiovascular risk factors and a drop in mortality from 40% to 23%. By the year 2022, bariatric surgery will be advised for obese adults with a BMI of at least 40 and for those with a BMI of at least 35 who also have an obesity-related ailment.
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upon assessment of the patient, the nurse finds a widened pulse pressure and throbbing peripheral pulses. which valve disorder does the nurse suspect?
The nurse examines the patient and discovers a widened pulse pressure and throbbing peripheral pulses. The nurse suspects aortic regurgitation valve disorder.
Aortic valve regurgitation, also known as aortic regurgitation, is a condition in which your heart's aortic valve fails to close tightly. As a result, some of the blood that is pumped out of your heart's main pumping chamber (the left ventricle) leaks backward. Some of the blood pumped out of the left ventricle leaks back in due to aortic regurgitation. The left ventricle may enlarge and weaken as it works harder to keep blood flowing through the aortic valve. Heart failure can result from a weakened left ventricle.
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a victim has fallen from a ladder. the victim is responsive. your physical examination reveals no signs of spinal injury. therefore, it is safe to let the victim get up.
Answer: False
Explanation: Spinal cord injuries are not always immediately identifiable! Also, remember to consider all risk factors when assessing a potential head/spinal injury victim.
A spinal injury should be suspected if:
- the victim fell from 20 feet high --> (falling from heights is a big risk factor!)
- the victim was in a car that hit a telephone pole
- a piece of heavy equipment fell from a shelf onto the victims head
Falling from a ladder potentially puts the victim in a high risk situation. Suspect a spinal cord injury!
a nurse is reviewing a client's most recent platelet count and identifies the need to institute bleeding precautions. which result would the nurse most likely have noted
The result will be 2,000 white blood cells per milliliter. Based on the individual requirements of the customer, blood and blood components are chosen and administered.
White blood cells counts typically range from 5000 to 10,000 cells/mm3. Neutropenia measures need to be taken when the white blood cells count falls. To prevent the customer from contracting an infection, preventative isolation measures are also included.
When the platelet count lowers, bleeding precautions must be taken. Avoiding any trauma, such as rectal temperatures or injections, is one way to prevent bleeding. It ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 white blood cells/mm3 for normal platelet counts.
Depending on the laboratory technique utilized, the usual bleeding period ranges from 1 to 6 minutes.
The range for normal ammonia is 10 to 80 mcg/dL.
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nodine pm, collins mr, wood cl, et al. nitrous oxide use during labor: satisfaction, adverse effects, and predictors of conversion to neuraxial analgesia. j midwifery womens health. 2020
Women want options for pain treatment during labor that are secure and efficient. In the United States, neuraxial and opioid analgesia are currently the most often utilized techniques.
The aim of this study was to identify determinants of conversion from inhaled nitrous oxide to neuraxial analgesia and to examine demographic characteristics, safety, and satisfaction in a cohort of parturients who utilized nitrous oxide analgesia. The chemical compound nitrous oxide, also referred to as laughing gas, nitrous, or nos. It is an inflammable, colorless gas with a faintly pleasant taste and smells at normal temperature.
This study involved prospective chart reviews. On the labor and delivery unit of one academic medical center, people over the age of 18 who utilized inhaled nitrous oxide (N2O)analgesia during the first or second stage of labor between March 1, 2016, and July 23, 2017, along with their newborns, were included (N = 463). Information on maternal and neonatal variables is presented.
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franco, m.c.p., christofalo, d.m.j., sawaya, a.l., ajzen, s.a., sesso, r., 2006. effects of low birth weight in 8- to 13-year-old children. hypertension (dallas, tex. : 1979) 48, 45–50.
The discussion of "effects of low birth weight in 8- to 13-year-old children. hypertension (dallas, tex. : 1979) 48, 45–50" is given in below paragraph-
Cardiovascular disease in adults has been linked to an increased incidence with low birth weight. Hypertension is linked to endothelial dysfunction and elevated serum uric acid levels. Whether uric acid affects blood pressure and vascular function in kids with low birth weight is the subject of this investigation. Using high-resolution ultrasound, blood pressure, and uric acid levels, we assessed vascular health in 78 kids (35 girls, 43 boys, aged 8 to 13 years). Children with low birth weight showed rising uric acid and systolic blood pressure values. Uric acid levels, on the other hand, were directly correlated with systolic blood pressure in children of the entire cohort, but birth weight was negatively correlated with both systolic blood pressure and uric acid.
We examined the relationship between these variables because the infants with low birth weight had higher systolic blood pressure and raised uric acid levels. Multiple regression analysis showed that uric acid had a graded adverse relationship with flow-mediated dilation in the low birth weight group (beta=-2.886; SE=1.393; P=0.040), which was unaffected in a model that controlled for race and gender. We come to the conclusion that kids who have a history of being underweight at birth have decreased endothelium function, elevated blood pressure, and higher uric acid levels. These results could be the first signs of vascular damage, which would increase an adult's vulnerability to disease.
What is low birth weight?When a baby is born weighing less than 2,500 grams, the phrase "low birth weight" is used (5 pounds, 8 ounces).
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