Explanation:
The maximum no. of electrons in a shell is given by. 2n^2 .
So for
n= 5 , 2× 5× 5 = 50
n=2 , 2×2×2 = 8
For a sub shell the maximum no. of electrons possible is given by 2(2l + 1)
So for n= l= 0
2 [(2×0) +1] = 2
for n=2 l=1
2 [(2×1) + 1] = 6
3d
d sub shell has l= 2 quantum number
Therefore 2[ (2×2) + 1] = 10
2s
s sub shell has l=0 quantum number
2 [(2×0) +1] = 2
5f
f sub energy level has l=3 quantum number
So 2[ (2×3) +1 ] = 14
The azimuthal quantum numbers for the sub shells are as follows
( s ---> 0
p----> 1
d----> 2
f ----> 3 )
A student dissolved some crystals of a salt in water.
The student added sodium hydroxide solution to the salt solution
The student added sodium hydroxide until it was in excess
Describe what the student would see if the salt contained calcium ions
Under Normal Conditions no reaction will be seen between Calcium ions (Ca⁺), NaCl (salt solution) and NaOH(sodium hydroxide).
What is a double replacement reaction ?In a double replacement reaction , the compounds present switch cation and anion to form new compounds.
But here in NaOH(sodium hydroxide) and NaCl (salt solution) the cation sodium ion Na⁺, of both the compounds is same so the end result will be same .
There will be no net reaction .
But if excess Sodium Hydroxide is added to the solution , we will see precipitate of NaCl , salt forming.
If Salt contained Ca⁺ ions , firstly NaCl will only combine with Ca⁺ ions in special conditions as Na⁺ ions are more reactive than Ca⁺ ions.
On addition of NaOH we would observe no change in normal conditions due to above stated reason .
In special conditions following reaction takes place ,in normal condition the reaction follows reverse direction.
Ca + 2 NaOH ← Ca(OH)₂ + 2 Na
Hence under Normal Conditions no reaction will be seen between Calcium ions , NaCl (salt solution) and NaOH(sodium hydroxide).
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15
The diagram below shows a landscape
Upper atmosphere
Ocean
Where in the diagram would the air pressure be
the greatest
Answer:
No diagram no help
Explanation:
Water (H2O) is a liquid at room temperature, while carbon dioxide (CO2) is a gas at room temperature. Why? Choose the two statements that apply.
Water has relatively strong hydrogen bonds holding the molecules together but CO2 has only dispersion forces acting as intermolecular forces. The weaker intermolecular forces explains why CO2 is a gas whereas H2O is a liquid at room temperature
If a particular utility burned 6.17 million tons of coal that was 2.00% sulfur by weight, how many tons of sulfur dioxide was emitted?
246800 tons of sulfur dioxide was emitted by the utility company who burned 6.17 million tons of coal.
6.17 million tons of coal contain 2.00% sulfur, hence the weight of sulfur is:
Weight of sulfur = 2% of 6.17 million tons = 0.02 * 6170000 = 123400 tons
123400 tons of sulfur is found in 6.17 million tons of coal
The weight of sulfur dioxide is twice that of sulfur, hence:
Amount of sulfur dioxide emitted = 2 * 123400 tons = 246800 tons
246800 tons of sulfur dioxide was emitted.
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how would separate a mixture of lead 2 chloride and sodium chloride
Answer:
lower th
Explanation:
Pb{Cl}_{2})$ is an inorganic
answer:
lower the temperature so the lead chloride settles out of solution
compound which is a white solid under ambient conditions. It is one of the most important lead-based
reagents. It is poorly soluble in water. And it is insoluble in cold water. Sodium chloride is ssolble at all temperature
so lower the temperature
a. What are the half-reactions for the redox reaction CuCl2 + Zn → ZnCl2 + Cu? Label the oxidation
reaction and the reduction reaction. (1 point)
PLS HELP 100 points
The oxidation half equation is Zn ------> Zn^2+ + 2e while the reduction half equation is Cu^2+ + 2e------> Cu.
A redox reaction is a reaction in which there is a loss/gain of electrons. The specie that gives out electrons experiences an increase in oxidation number while the specie that gains the electrons experiences a decrease in oxidation number.
For the reaction; CuCl2 + Zn → ZnCl2 + Cu
The oxidation half equation is;
Zn ------> Zn^2+ + 2e
The reduction half equation is;
Cu^2+ + 2e------> Cu
The chloride ion is excluded because its oxidation number does not change from left to right in the reaction.
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elements in the second group are also very reactive. they are called:
Answer:
Explanation:
IIA elements in the periodic table are the alkali earth metals
Define ionic bond and explain the formation of nacl and mgo
a.
Ionic bond is a bond in which there is complete transfer of valence electrons between atoms.
The atom that loses the valence electron is called the electron donor while the atom that accepts the electron is called the electron acceptor.
Ionic bond usually occurs between metals and non metals.
Ionic bond is a bond in which there is complete transfer of valence electrons between atoms.
b.
The force of attraction between Na⁺ and Cl⁻ forms the ionic bond.
In the formation of NaCl, Na has one valence electron in its outermost shell and Cl needs one electron to complete the stable octet configuration. Na donates its valence electron to Cl to form the ionic bond. So, the Na atom becomes positively charged with a charge of +1 while the Cl atom becomes negatively charged with a charge of -1.Since the atoms are now charged, the force of attraction between them forms the ionic bond.
c.
The force of attraction between Mg²⁺ and O²⁻ forms the ionic bond.
In the formation of MgO, Mg has two valence electrons in its outermost shell and O needs two electrons to complete the stable octet configuration. Mg donates its two valence electron to O to form the ionic bond. So, the Mg atom becomes positively charged with a charge of +2 while the O atom becomes negatively charged with a charge of -2.Since the atoms are now charged, the force of attraction between them forms the ionic bond.
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An ionic or electrovalant bond is a type of chemical bond, which is formed from two ions (charged atoms by loosing or gaining electrons) having opposite charges.
Ionic bonds are formed from the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. As the electrons are transferred there occurs a positively charged ions (cations) and a negatively charged ions (anions). These ions are held together in a crystal lattice structure by the strong electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cations and negatively charged anions.
The electrons are transferred as the atoms have tendencies to achieve a stable electronic configuration. They do this to attain a stable atomic structure. By transferring the electrons they attain their octet or duplet.
Sodium chloride(NaCl) is formed when the atom of sodium combines chemically with chlorine atom to generate an ionic compound.
Since sodium has an atomic number of 11, its electronic configuration is 2, 8, 1. There is only one electron in the outermost shell of a sodium atom. Therefore, the sodium atom gives one electron to produce the sodium ion Na⁺.
Chlorine has an atomic number of 17. Hence, its electronic configuration is 2, 8, and 7. The chlorine atom contains seven electrons in its outermost shell and requires one more electron to create the inert gas’s stable, eight-electron configuration. Consequently, a chlorine atom accepts one electron and creates the negatively charged chloride ion (Cl⁻).
When sodium interacts with chlorine, it donates its outermost electron to the chlorine atom, forming a sodium ion (Na⁺) and a chloride ion (Cl⁻) by accepting an electron. The strong electrostatic force of attraction between the newly created ions, holds sodium and chloride ions together to create sodium chloride, Na⁺Cl⁻ or NaCl.
Similarly in the case of Magnesium Oxide (MgO) is formed from the chemical interactions of Magnesium and oxygen atoms, leading to the formation of an ionic compound.
Since magnesium has an atomic number of 12, its electrical configuration is 2, 8 and 2, there is just 2 electrons in the outermost shell of a Magnesium atom. Therefore, the magnesium atom gives two electron to produce the Magnesium ion Mg²+ .
Oxygen has an atomic number of 8. Hence, its electronic configuration is 2 and 6, the oxygen atom contains 6 electrons in its outermost shell and requires 2 more electron to create the inert gas’s stable, eight-electron configuration. Consequently, a oxygen atom accepts 2 electronelectrons and creates the negatively charged oxide ion (O²-).
When magnesium interacts with oxygen, it donates its outermost electrons to the oxygen atom, generating a Magnesium ion Mg²+ . And an oxygen ion (O²⁻) by acquiring 2 electrons. The attractive electrical force holds magnesium and oxygen ions together to create sodium chloride, Mg²⁺ O²⁻ or MgO.
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How do weak intermolecular bond strengths affect the melting and boiling point of a substance?
The melting point is lower, but the boiling point is higher.
Both the melting point and boiling point are lower.
The melting point is higher, but the boiling point is lower.
Both the melting point and boiling point are higher.
Considering the definition of intermolecular bond, the correct answer is second option: Both the melting point and boiling point are lower.
The molecules of covalent compounds can be held together through electrostatic interactions known as "intermolecular forces", which are characterized by holding more than one molecule together. Therefore, they are related to chemical bonds, which have the goal of making molecules stick together or separate.
In other words, intermolecular forces or bonds are those interactions that hold molecules together. These are electrostatic forces.
The presence of these forces explains, for example, the properties of solids and liquids.
They differ from intramolecular forces, because of these, they correspond to interactions that hold the atoms in a molecule together. In general, intermolecular forces are much weaker than intramolecular forces.
On the other side, the melting point is the temperature at which a substance goes from solid to liquid at a given pressure. Similarly, the boiling point is the temperature at which the substance passes from a liquid to a gaseous state.
Finally, the more intense the intermolecular forces, the higher the melting point and the boiling point of a substance because these are the forces that must be overcome to separate them.
In summary, the correct answer is second option: Both the melting point and boiling point are lower.
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Which of the following correctly lists the particles in order from least massive to most massive.
A. electron, proton, hydrogen atom, helium atom
B. proton, electron, hydrogen atom, helium atom
C. proton, helium atom, hydrogen atom, electron
D. hydrogen atom, electron, helium atom electron
Answer:
The ans is : A. Electron, proton, hydrogen atom, helium atom.
An atom consist of sub atomic particles. The order of particles from least massive to most massive is electron, proton, hydrogen atom, helium atom. The correct option is A.
What are subatomic particles?The particles which are smaller in size than the atom are known as the sub atomic particles. An atom generally contains three sub atomic particles, they are protons, electrons and neutrons. The electrons revolve around the nucleus whereas the protons and neutrons are present at the center of the nucleus.
The protons are positively charged particles whereas the electrons are negatively charged. The neutrons are chargeless. The atomic number of 'H' atom is 1 and that of 'He' atom is 2.
The mass of e⁻ is 9.1 × 10⁻³¹ kg, proton is 1.67 × 10⁻²⁷ kg, 'H' atom is 1.66 × 10⁻²⁴ g, 'He' is 4 g. Thus the order is:
electron, proton, hydrogen atom, helium atom
Thus the correct option is A.
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bond angle of SO2 H2S SO3
Explanation:
In SO2 , the bond angle is 119^∘ whereas in SO3 , the bond angle is 120^∘ .H2S = 92.1°
Answer:
In SO2 , the bond angle is 119^∘ whereas in SO3 , the bond angle is 120^∘ .
Explanation:
S atom in both SO2 and SO3 is sp^2-hybridized.
There are 3 bonding sets of electrons and one non-bonding pair on the sulphur. So the shape is based on a tetrahedral structure - but the extra repulsion of the non-bonding pair will decrease the O-S-O angles by a few degrees from the 'perfect' tetrahedral angle.
The bonding in SO3 can be described as a combination of 3 resonance forms of 1 double and 2 single bonds. The SO2 molecule has a dipole moment, The starting point of 109.5 degrees is only applicable for 4 electron regions round the central atom. In SO2, we have 2 double bonds and one lone pair ; 3 electron regions so the default angle is 120 degrees. The extra repulsion of the lp vs double bonds accounts for reduction to 119. S atom in both SO2 and SO3 is sp2-hybridized. But it is related to dipole moment and assertion is the explanation from bent angle so here reason is unable to give explanation of assertion.
write a molecular, ionic, and net ionic equation for the reaction between solid magnesium carbonate and sulfuric acid.
Answer:
How to Write the Net Ionic Equation for H2SO4 + MgCO3 = MgSO4 + H2O + CO2 -
A net ionic equation also contains the spectator ions, whereas a net ionic equation just displays the chemical species that are involved in a process.
what is Net ionic equation?The net-ionic equation is a chemical equation that is used to express the condensed chemical reaction for a reaction that takes place in an aqueous solution. The ions involved in the production of a precipitate, water, or molecule are illustrated by the net-ionic equation. For precipitation, oxidation-reduction, and neutralization processes, net-ionic equations are frequently written.H₂SO₄ (aq) + MgCO₃ (s) →H₂O (l) + CO₂(g) + MgSO₄(aq)
An ionic equation is a chemical equation in which the electrolytes in aqueous solution are stated as dissociated ions. It is similar to a molecular equation in which substances are described as molecules.Learn more about the Net ionic equation with the help of the given link:
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What mass of water absorbs 6700 J of heat to raise the temperature from 283K to 318K?
Answer:
you did not give the specific heat like formula like it takes 1kj to raise 28grams of water by 10 grams
Refer to the following balanced equation in which ammonia
reacts with nitrogen monoxide to produce nitrogen and
water.
4NH3(g) + 6NO(g) → 5N2(8) + 6H2O(l)
How many moles of NO are required to completely react with
2.45 mol NH3 ?
4NH₃(g) + 6NO(g) → 5N₂(8) + 6H₂O(l)
The mole ratio of NO to NH₃ based on the balanced equation is 6 to 4 (or 3 to 2 in the simplest form)
Therefore in the reaction, there are ³/₂ more moles of NO than NH₃.
⇒ since moles of NH₃ = 2.45 mol
then moles of NO = 2.45 mol × ³/₂
= 3.675 mol
Which sentence from the article BEST describes HOW fireworks produce colors in the sky?
(A)
It needs an oxidizer, a fuel and a chemical mixture to produce the color.
(B)
Over the years, scientists have staged various chemical reactions to produce fireworks of different
colors.
(C)
The color of that light depends on what chemical elements are present.
(D)
When the casing explodes, pellets containing the chemical color mixtures fly out.
Fireworks need an oxidizer, fuel, and a chemical mixture to produce the colour in the sky. Therefore, option (A) is correct.
How do colours come from firecrackers?The chemicals which are used in crackers are the main reason for the colours in the sky. The colours in the fireworks come from different compounds which are the binder and the colourant. The colourant chemicals provide the colours in the firework while the binder is the agent that binds the fuel and is responsible to burn up the colourant in the firework.
The colourants in the firecrackers can be generated with the use of various metallic salts. These salts can be defined as iconic compounds which possess an anion or an acid and a cation or a base. The metal salts are responsible for generating intense colours when they are burned.
For example, if use calcium salts in the firework will produce an orange colour, and copper salts will produce a bright blue colour.
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Unlike solids and liquids, gases can be compressed. How is this physical characteristic of gases beneficial to society?
What is the chemical formula for ammonium carbonate?
What volume does 0.25 moles of oxygen gas occupy at STP ?
Answer:
[tex]\boxed {\boxed {\sf 5.6 \ L \ O_2}}[/tex]
Explanation:
We are asked to find the volume of 0.25 moles of oxygen gas.
At standard temperature and pressure or STP, one mole of any gas has a volume of 22.4 liters.
We want to convert 0.25 moles of oxygen gas or O₂ to liters. We will use dimensional analysis, so we must set up a conversion factor.
[tex]\frac {22.4 \ L \ O_2}{1 \ mol \ O_2}[/tex]
We are converting 0.25 moles of oxygen gas, so we multiply the conversion factor by this value.
[tex]0.25 \ mol \ O_2 *\frac {22.4 \ L \ O_2}{1 \ mol \ O_2}[/tex]
The units of moles of oxygen gas cancel.
[tex]0.25 *\frac {22.4 \ L \ O_2}{1 }}[/tex]
[tex]0.25 * 22.4 \ L \ O_2[/tex]
[tex]5.6 \ L \ O_2[/tex]
0.25 moles of oxygen gas occupy 5.6 liters at standard temperature and pressure.
Write the symbol for the atom with 38 protons, 36 electrons, and 50 neutrons and identify the element.
Answer:
Symbol: Sr2+
Element: Strontium
Explanation:
Strontium will have 38 protons, 38 electrons, and the neutron will depend on the isotope but there will usually be 48, 49, or 50 neutrons
Hope this Helps
Is it possible to move the atoms close enough that the nuclei come in contact?
Answer:
I believe not.
Explanation:
From what I have been told atoms can never come into contact beyond the electron barrier.
Explain how the heat and phase changes affects the environment? Give examples.
(5-7 sentences)
Please help? It’s for chem
Answer:
O-H
Explanation:
It is polar covalent bond, because the hydrogen atom has electronegativity about 2.6, and the oxygen atom, electronegativity about 3.6. When the difference in electronegativity of the atoms is between 0.4 and 1.7, the result is a polar covalent bond.
0.0200 moles of a compound is found to have a mass of 1.64 g. Find the formula mass of the compound
Give your answers to 3 significant figures
Answer: 82.0 g/mole
Explanation:
Use the units to see that if we divide 1.64 grams by 0.0200 moles, we'll get a number that is grams/mole, the definition of formula mass.
1.64/0.0200 = 82.0 g/mole (3 sig figs)
We can't tell from this alone what the molecular formula might be, but C6H10 (cyclohexene) comes close (82.1 grams/mole).
The formula mass of the compound will be approximately 82.0 g/mol
The formula mass of the compound is the sum of atomic masses of all the atoms in its chemical formula. It is calculated by adding up the atomic masses of the individual elements in the compound, each multiplied by the subscript indicating the number of atoms of that element in the formula.
To find the formula mass of the compound, we'll use the relationship between moles, mass, and molar mass.
Molar mass (in g/mol) = Mass (in g)/Moles
Given:
Mass = 1.64 g
Moles = 0.0200 moles
Let's plug the values and calculate molar mass:
Molar mass = 1.64 g / 0.0200 moles
Molar mass ≈ 82.0 g/mol
The formula mass of the compound is approximately 82.0 g/mol, rounded to three significant figures.
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An endothermic process may be spontaneous if ______. Multiple choice question. the endothermic process results in a precipitation of a crystalline solid from a liquid solution the endothermic process converts a gas reactant into a liquid or solid product the product particles have more freedom of motion than the reactant particles the product particles have less freedom of motion than the reactant particles
An endothermic process may be spontaneous if: C. the product particles have more freedom of motion than the reactant particles.
An endothermic reaction can be defined as a type of chemical reaction in which heat energy is absorbed from the environment.
Generally, heat energy is absorbed in a chemical reaction when the energy of the products is greater (more) than the energy of the reactants and this is referred to as an endothermic reaction.
Similarly, an endothermic process may be spontaneous when the product particles have more freedom of motion than the reactant particles.
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1. Determine how many atoms are present in 2.5 moles of Silicon? (15.05 x 1023 atoms)
X
To solve this, we have to turn the moles into atoms:
2.5 moles/1 x 6.022x10^23 atoms/1 mole = 15.05 x 10^23 atoms
Answer: 15.05 x 10^23 atoms
I hope this helps!
Silicon is the eighth most abundant element in the Universe. There will be 15.05 * 10²³ atoms in the silicon.
What is number of moles?Silicon is the eighth most abundant element in the Universe; it is made in stars with a mass of eight or more Earth suns.
Near the end of their lives these stars enter the carbon burning phase, adding helium nuclei to carbon to produce oxygen, neon, magnesium and silicon.
1 mole contains 6.022x10²³ atoms.
2.5 mole contains = x atoms.
x= 2.5 moles/ 6.022x10²³ atoms.
= 15.05 x 10²³ atoms
Therefore, Silicon is the eighth most abundant element in the Universe. There will be 15.05 * 10²³ atoms in the silicon.
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A gas occupies a volume of 120 mL at 700 mm Hg. What will happen to the volume of the gas if the pressure is changed to 1500 mm Hg at constant temperature
Answer:
56 mLExplanation:
The new volume can be found by using the formula for Boyle's law which is
[tex]V_2 = \frac{P_1V_1}{P_2} \\[/tex]
where
P1 is the initial pressure
P2 is the final pressure
V1 is the initial volume
V2 is the final volume
From the question we have
[tex]V_2 = \frac{700 \times 120}{1500} = \frac{84000}{1500} = \frac{840}{15} \\ = 56[/tex]
We have the final answer as
56 mLHope this helps you
Be + O2 --> BeO
Balance this and what's the type of reaction?
Answer:
2Be + O2 = 2BeO
its a synthesis
Explanation:
What is the molarity of Na+ ions in a 0.02M sodium phosphate solution?
Answer:
.06 M NA+
Explanation:
You go from (.02M Na3PO4 / 1) x (3 mole Na+ / 1 mole Na3PO4) = .06 M Na+
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Which picture correctly shows the path of the reflected light ray?
Select one:
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
The picture that correctly shows the path of the reflected light ray is: Picture A.
A ray diagram can be defined as the graphical representation of the possible paths that a light wave takes from one point (source) to another.
Basically, some of the phenomenon and properties associated with light ray include the following:
RefractionDiffractionInterferenceReflectionA reflected light ray completely bounces off a surface and as such, light wave do not pass through the surface as illustrated in Picture A.
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