Condensation warms us because airborne water molecules that impact our bodies give up some of their kinetic energy to us.
What is kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. It is the energy that a moving item possesses.It is typically measured in joules and is equal to the work done to accelerate the object from its rest state to its current state. Kinetic energy can be found by multiplying the mass of an object by its velocity squared, divided by two. The kinetic energy of an object increases as its velocity increases.Kinetic energy exists in both linear and rotational forms. Linear kinetic energy is the energy of an object moving in a straight line, while rotational kinetic energy is the energy an object has due to its spinning or rotating motion.
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Energy can neither be created nor destroyed. Why?
Answer:
The law of conservation of energy states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed - only converted from one form of energy to another. This means that a system always has the same amount of energy, unless it's added from the outside
Copper (Cu) reacts with phosphorus (P) to produce copper (II) phosphide.
so far all ive got is Cu₂ +4P --> _____
Answer: The answer is Cu+ P4 = Cu3P2
Which after balancing would be, 6Cu + P4 = 2Cu3p2
Explanation: Copper (Cu) is a metal and Phosphorous (P) is a non-metal. Metals and Non-metals combine to form ionic compounds where there is a transfer of ions from metal to non-metal.
Phosphorous has 5 valence electrons in its outer shell and Copper has 2 valence electrons. Following the octet rule, which means that the outer shell should have 8 electrons to be complete we see that combining these two metals on combining have electrons insufficient so we combine till we reach the octet structure. In this case, it happens when there are three copper and two phosphorous. We see that there are no more valence electrons. So it forms Copper II Phosphide, where the two indicates the charge of Copper.
Then we move on to balance both the sides of the equation, upon placing one number after the other to make the numerical value of elements equivalent to the other. Which gives us the answer.
A lever is used to lift an object with a weight of 60 Newtons. The effort force is 15 meters from the fulcrum, while the load force is 5
meters from the fulcrum. What is the mechanical advantage? (1 point)
0 3
O 12
O 75
0 4
120 foot pounds of anticlockwise torque are generated around the pivot point by the 60 pound load resting 2 feet from the fulcrum.
How can the load force of a lever be determined?The force of the effort (Fe) multiplied by the effort's distance from the fulcrum (de) in a class one lever equals the force of the resistance (Fr) multiplied by the resistance's distance from the fulcrum (dr).
What mathematical equation can be used to determine a lever's mechanical advantage?(b) The optimal mechanical advantage of a lever is equal to the effort arm's length divided by the resistance arm's length. The IMA is typically calculated as the effort force, Fe, divided by the resistance force, Fr.
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Answer:
3
Explanation:
I took the test
The image below shows the combined wave for Sound A + B, where Sound A has a higher frequency than Sound B. What is the frequency of Sound A?
The frequency of Sound A is 440.3 Hz.
What is the resultant frequency of the two sound waves?The resultant frequency of the sound A and sound B is calculated as follows;
Mathematically, the relationship between period and frequency of a wave is given as;
F = 1 / T
where;
T is the period of the waveThe resultant frequency from the given graph is calculated as;
The period of the sound in the image = 0.3 s
F = 1 / T
F = 1 / 0.3 s
F = 3.3 Hz
If sound B = 437 Hz, the frequency of sound A which is greater is calculated as;
F ( A ) = 437 Hz + 3.3 Hz
F ( A ) = 440.3 Hz
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A lottery machine uses blowing air to keep 2000 ping-pong balls bouncing around inside a 1. 0m×1. 0m×1. 0m box. The diameter of a ping-pong ball is 3. 0 cm. What is the mean free path between collisions?
The mean free path between collisions is 1.41 mm.
The mean free path between collisions in a gas can be calculated using the formula: mean free path = 1 / (density x collision cross-section)
To calculate the mean free path between collisions for the ping-pong balls, we first need to calculate the number density of the balls, which is the number of balls per unit volume. Since the box is 1m x 1m x 1m, and the diameter of a ping-pong ball is 0.03m, the volume of the box is 1m^3 and the volume of a single ball is 4/3 * pi * (0.03/2)^3 = 2.5*10^-5 m^3.
Therefore, the number density of the balls is 2000 / 1 = 2000 balls/m^3.
The collision cross-section of a sphere is given by the formula:
cross-section = pi * (diameter / 2)^2
So, the collision cross-section of a ping-pong ball is pi * (0.03 / 2)^2 = 7.07 * 10^-4 m^2
Therefore, the mean free path between collisions is:
mean free path = 1 / (2000 x 7.07 * 10^-4) = 1.41 * 10^-3 m or 1.41 mm
This means that the ping-pong balls in the lottery machine are colliding on average every 1.41mm.
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What type of stretch stretches would benefit an individual preparing for activity?
Dynamic stretching is typically recommended for individuals preparing for physical activity.
Dynamic stretching involves movements that gradually increase in range of motion and muscle length, such as arm swings, leg swings, and torso twists.
These exercises help to improve flexibility, range of motion, and muscular coordination, as well as increase blood flow to the muscles to prepare them for activity. Static stretching is best done after the activity to help reduce muscle soreness and keep the muscles flexible.
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While vacationing in the mountains you do some hiking. In the morning, your displacement is S⃗ morning= (2100 m , east) + (3000 m north) + (200 m , vertical). Continuing on your hike after lunch, your displacement is S⃗ afternoon= (1400 m , west) + (2900 m , north) - (400 m , vertical). What is the magnitude of your net displacement for the day?
The magnitude of the net displacement for the day depends on the total distance traveled and the direction in which traveled.
What do you mean by Magnitude?
Magnitude is a measure of the size or intensity of a physical quantity. It is typically expressed in terms of a numerical value and a unit. Examples of physical quantities with magnitude include speed, acceleration, force, energy, pressure, and power. Magnitude is a measure of the size or intensity of a physical quantity, and is typically expressed in terms of a numerical value and a unit.
Step 1: Find the resultant displacement vector by adding the vectors.
S total = S morning + S afternoon
= (2100 m , east) + (3000 m north) + (200 m , vertical) + (1400 m , west) + (2900 m , north) - (400 m , vertical)
Step 2: Simplify the vector.
S total = (700 m , east) + (5900 m , north) - (200 m , vertical)
Step 3: Calculate the magnitude of the resultant vector.
|S total | = √(700 m)^2 + (5900 m)^2 + (-200 m)^2
|S total | = √(490000 m^2 + 348400 m^2 + 40000 m^2)
|S total | = √(882400 m^2)
|S total | = 939.4 m
Hence, the magnitude of the net displacement is 939.4 m.
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Why is dynamic stretching recommended before activity?
Dynamic stretching is recommended before activity because it helps to prepare the muscles for the upcoming activity.
It increases range of motion, flexibility, and muscular coordination, and also helps to increase blood flow to the muscles. This helps to improve the performance of the muscles and reduce the risk of injury. Additionally, dynamic stretching helps to improve the overall physical conditioning of an individual, which is beneficial for any type of physical activity.
Dynamic stretching is typically recommended for individuals preparing for physical activity. Dynamic stretching involves movements that gradually increase in range of motion and muscle length, such as arm swings, leg swings, and torso twists.
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How do you calculate sound intensity level?
Sound intensity level (SIL) is measured in decibels (dB).
What is sound?
Sound is a type of energy created by the vibration of particles in a medium, such as air, that can be heard when it reaches a person or animal's ear. Sound can travel through solids, liquids, and gases, and can have different pitches and volumes.
Sound intensity level is defined as the ratio of the sound pressure to a reference pressure level. It is calculated using the following equation: SIL (dB) = 10 log10 (I/I_0), where I is the sound intensity and I_0 is the reference sound intensity equal to 10^−12 W/m^2.
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Is SCID a deletion mutation?
No, SCID is not a deletion mutation.
The AK2 gene, which codes for the mitochondrial enzyme adenylate kinase 2 (AK2), is mutated (missense mutations; deletions) in SCID, which is brought on by an increase in lymphocyte apoptosis [75,76]. A category of extremely rare diseases known as severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) are brought on by abnormalities in various genes involved in the growth and operation of immune cells that fight infections. At birth, infants with SCID seem healthy, yet they are prone to serious infections.
Due to mutations in the gene encoding the common chain for several cytokine receptors, X-linked SCID is the most prevalent kind. Adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA def.) and IL-7R-chain deficiency are the second and third most frequent causes, respectively.
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Define the following
a. Velocity:
b. Inertia:
c.Speed:
e Force:
f. Balanced force:
g. Net force:
h. Displacement:
Answer:
Explanation:
a.speed with direction associated
b.the ability to resist motion
c.The rate of change of position of an object
e.any influence object's motion
f.forces cancel out, create equilibrium
g.total force acting on an object
h. change in position of an object (total distance from starting point)
if energy of 10 watts is transferred into a conatiner of helium, how long does it take to vaporize 1 kg of liquid helium
Consider how much energy is required to melt one kilogram of ice at zero degrees to produce one kilogram of water at zero degrees.
The energy required to melt one kilogram of ice is determined by Q = mLf = (1.0 kg)(334 kJ/kg) = 334 kJ using the equation for a change in temperature and the value for water from Table 1. Water is converted from a liquid to a gas by the process of evaporation, which requires a significant amount of energy. The amount of energy needed to cause the state change is known as the latent heat of vaporization. At 1 atmosphere of pressure, the latent heat of vaporization is 539 calories per gram of water.
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4. A 9.35 kg bowling ball would require what force to accelerate it down an alleyway at
a rate of 3.12m/s²?
The force needed is 29.2 N.
To calculate the force needed to accelerate a 9.35 kg bowling ball at a rate of 3.12 m/s²,
you can use the equation F = ma, where F is the force, m is the mass of the object (in this case, the bowling ball), and a is the acceleration. Putting in the values, you get:
F = (9.35 kg) x (3.12 m/s²)
= 29.2 N
This works out to be approximately 29.2 Newtons of force.
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There is no limit to the mass with which a star can be born.
True
false
The statement is False, there is no limit to the mass with which a star can be born.
A star is a celestial body comprised of a mass of gas, primarily hydrogen and helium, that gives off heat and light through nuclear fusion reactions in its core. Stars are the most widely recognized astronomical objects and serve as a fundamental reference point in astronomy. Stars come in a variety of sizes and colors and are classified based on their temperature, size, and luminosity.
There are many different types of stars, including main-sequence stars, red giants, white dwarfs, and neutron stars. Stars are formed when large clouds of gas and dust collapse under the force of gravity, causing the material to heat up and form a protostar. Over time, the protostar becomes hot enough to trigger nuclear fusion reactions, and it is at this point that the star becomes visible to observers on Earth. Stars eventually die out, either exploding as supernovae or fading away as white dwarfs. Starlight is the source of illumination for our night sky, and the beauty of stars has captivated humans since the dawn of time.
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A 1000-kg car is moving at 30 m/s around a horizontal unbanked curve whose diameter is 0. 20 km. What is the magnitude of the friction force required to keep the car from sliding?
The friction force required to keep the car from sliding is 9000N.
Calculation-mass of car, m = 1000 kg
speed , v = 30 m/s
diameter , d = 0.2 km
r = 100 m
for the car to keep from sliding frictional force is required, ff = m*v^2/r
ff = 1000 * 30^2 /100
ff = 9000 N
the friction force required is 9000 N
What kind of force does an automobile exert on a straightaway?Simply put, an unbanked curve (or turn) is a curve that is flat on the ground (parallel to the horizontal). A force of friction applies to the car as it drives along one of these curves, keeping it rotating in a circular course.
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Suppose a 51-N sled is resting on packed snow. The coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.13. If a person weighing 680 N sits on the sled, what force is needed to pull the sled across the snow at constant speed
95 N much force is needed to pull the sledge at a constant speed.
Explain force.A force in physics is an effect that has the power to alter what an object moves. Every object with mass might travel faster or at a different rate as a result of a force. A push or a pull made natural sense when describing force. Since forces are vector quantities, they own both size and direction.
The sled is being subjected to the following horizontal forces:
F = applied force.
Fr = friction force.
And the following vertical forces:
N = normal force.
W =combined weight of the person and the sled
The second law of Newton states:
F = m * a
where the object's mass is "m" and its acceleration is "a"
So, in the horizontal direction:
F - Fr = m *a
Determining the force, F, required to keep the sled moving at a constant pace (acceleration = 0). Then,
F - Fr = 0
F = Fr
The applied force must have a magnitude equal to or greater than the friction force.
The friction force is calculated as follows:
Fr = μ · N
Where μ is coefficient and N represent the normal force, respectively.
Let's use Newton's second law with in vertical direction to determine the normal force:
F = N - W
= m · a
Keep in mind that the sledge is not accelerated vertically so that a = 0:
N - W = 0
N = W
The mass is the total of a weight of a person plus the mass of the sled, and the force is equivalent to the weight:
W = 51 N + 680 N = 731 N
Then:
N = 731 N
Fr = 0.13 · 731 N
Fr = N
Then
F = 95.03 N
As a result, 95 N of force is necessary to pull a sled at a steady pace.
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A skydiver, weighing 180 lb (including equipment) falls vertically downward from an altitude of 6000 ft and opens the parachute after 10 s of free fall. Assume that the force of air resistance, which is directed opposite to the velocity, is of magnitude 0. 75|v| when the parachute is closed and is of magnitude 12|v| when the parachute is open, where the velocity v is measured in ft/s. (A computer algebra system is recommended. Use g = 32 ft/s^2 for the acceleration due to gravity. Round your answers to two decimal places. ) (a) Find the speed of the skydiver when the parachute opens. Ft/s (b) Find the distance fallen before the parachute opens. Ft (c) What is the limiting velocity v_L after the parachute opens? v_L = ft/s (d) Determine how long the sky diver is in the air after the parachute opens
The sky diver falls vertically downward from an altitude of 6000 ft and opens the parachute after 10 s of free fall.
What is Acceleration?
Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity over time. It is basically a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction. Acceleration is caused by a force and is measured in meters per second squared (m/s2).
a) The speed of the skydiver when the parachute opens can be found by using the equation
v=gt,
where g is the acceleration due to gravity and t is the time of free fall.
We can substitute the given values into the equation to find the speed.
v=gt
v=(32ft/s^2)(10s)
v=320ft/s
b) The distance fallen before the parachute opens can be found by using the equation
s=1/2gt^2,
where g is the acceleration due to gravity and t is the time of free fall.
We can substitute the given values into the equation to find the distance.
s=1/2gt^2
s=(1/2)(32ft/s^2)(10s)^2
s=16000ft.
c) The limiting velocity after the parachute opens can be found by using the equation
v_L=√(2mg/ρA)
where m is the mass of the skydiver, g is the acceleration due to gravity, ρ is the density of air, and A is the projected area of the parachute.
We can substitute the given values into the equation to find the limiting velocity.
v_L=√(2(180lb)(32ft/s^2)/(1.225kg/m^3)(6m^2))
v_L=30.68ft/s.
d) The time the sky diver is in the air after the parachute opens can be found by using the equation
t=v/a
where v is the initial velocity, and a is the acceleration due to air resistance.
We can substitute the given values into the equation to find the time.
t=v/a
t=(320ft/s)/(12ft/s^2)
t=26.67s.
So, the sky diver is in the air for 26.67s after the parachute opens.
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How should two resistors, with resistances R1 Ω, R2 Ω, be connected to a battery of
e.m.f. V volts so that the electrical power consumed is minimum?
Answer:
The two resistors should be connected in series.
(I assume that the question is stating the electrical power consumed by the resistors)
Explanation:
Think about the formula P = V^2 / R
For the electrical power consumed to be a minimum, we must let V be as small as possible.
For small V, between a series and a parallel connection, series is the correct connection as the combined potential difference (pd) for the two resistors is equal to the electromotive force (emf) of the battery.
However, for parallel connections, the combined pd for the two resistors is equal to twice the emf of the battery. (Each resistor will have a pd equal to the emf of the battery)
With lower total V, with the same R, power P consumed will decrease.
The average rate of erosion on the Moon is far less than on Earth because
A) the crust of the Moon is much denser than the Earth's crust.
B) the Moon is much younger than the Earth.
C) the Moon's magnetic field protects it from the solar wind better than ours does.
D) the Moon's mare long ago dried up, so there is no more wave erosion there.
E) the Moon lacks wind, water, and an atmosphere.
E) the Moon lacks wind, water, and an atmosphere. The average rate of erosion on the Moon is far less than on Earth because
What is atmosphere?
Atmosphere is the layer of gases surrounding the Earth, composed of nitrogen, oxygen, and other trace elements. It is held in place by the Earth's gravity and is responsible for the air we breathe, the weather we experience, and the climate of the planet.
The atmosphere is also important for providing protection from harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun and reducing the temperature extremes on the Earth's surface.
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Electricity travels in closed circuits, and its normal route is through a conductor. Electric shock occurs when:
Electric shock occurs when a person comes into contact with a current flowing through an electrical circuit.
What do you mean by "electric shock"?
Electric shock occurs when a person comes into contact with a current flowing through an electrical circuit. This can happen when the person comes into contact with a live conductor, such as a wire carrying an electrical current, or when the person becomes part of the circuit, such as by touching both a live wire and a ground.
Electric shock can cause a range of symptoms depending on the severity and duration of the exposure, including muscle contractions, burns, internal injuries, and in severe cases, cardiac arrest or death. Electric shocks can also cause electrical burns which can be serious.
When a person comes into contact with a current, it can cause an electric shock, which can range in severity from a mild tingling sensation to severe injury or death. Factors that determine the severity of an electric shock include the amount of current flowing through the body, the duration of contact with the current, and the path the current takes through the body.
It is important to note that Electric shock can be prevented by following safety guidelines and by using proper safety equipment when working with electrical equipment and circuits.
Hence, Electric shock occurs when a person comes into contact with a current flowing through an electrical circuit.
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If a circle has a circumference of 25.1 cm compare where the object would have been if it had gone in a straight line at 4 cm/s for 6.28 seconds(no acceleration) to where it is after it has gone around the circle for 6.28 at 4.0cm/s
The object would have returned to its initial starting point if it had travelled round a circle.
What is the distance travelled by the object?
The distance travelled by the object is determined from the product of speed of the object and the time of motion of the object.
D = vt
where;
v is the speed of the object = 4 cm/st is the time of motion of the object = 6.28 sThe distance travelled by the object is calculated as follows;
D = ( 4 cm / s ) x ( 6.28 s )
D = 25.1 cm
Thus, at the given time and speed the object would have travelled round the circle. That is the object would have made one complete revolution.
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Is the torque the product of force and lever arm?
Lever arm length and force applied perpendicular to a lever arm are multiplied to create torque. A scalar quantity called torque has two possible directions: clockwise and counterclockwise.
What is the force times the lever arm's product?A force applied perpendicular to a lever arm produces a torque, which is the result. The distance that runs perpendicularly from the pivot point, or the center of rotation, to the location where the force is delivered, is known as the lever arm or moment arm. A pivot point is always used to define a torque.
How do you multiply torque?Each gearing stage of a torque multiplier amplifies the torque applied to the bolt. For instance, a torque multiplier with a 5:1 ratio will produce an output at the shaft that is five times the torque, but because no energy can be produced, the speed will only be one fifth of the original.
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An engine with a power output of 110 hp has a thermal efficiency of 28%. Determine the rate of fuel consumption (in kg/hr) if heating valve of the fuel is 44,200kj/kg
The rate of fuel consumption is 6.69 kg/hr.
Solution:
To determine the rate of fuel consumption, we need to calculate the amount of energy required by the engine and divide that by the thermal efficiency.
From the question:
W = 110 hp
η = 28%.
r = ?
First, we can convert the power output from horsepower to watts:
1hp = 746 W
power output = 110 hp x 746 W/hp
= 82016 W
Then, we can calculate the energy required by the engine by multiplying the power output by the time the engine is running:
Energy = Power x time
Without knowing the time the engine runs, we cannot calculate the energy required.
We can calculate the fuel consumption by using the heating value of the fuel and the thermal efficiency.
Fuel consumption = ( Power )
(heating value * thermal efficiency))
So in this case:
Fuel consumption = (82016)
(44200*0.28)
= (82016)
12276
Fuel consumption = 6.69 kg/hr
Hence, the rate of fuel consumption is 6.69 kg/hr.
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How do icebergs form in saltwater?
An iceberg is formed by the broken part of a large glacier that floats into the sea. The iceberg is composed of fresh water, just like the glaciers or ice in the North Pole. Since, freshwater is less thick than salty seawater, icebergs float in the water.
When chunks of ice break off the end of a glacier that is flowing into ocean, icebergs are created.
Since, seawater has a slightly higher density than ice, the iceberg floats with the majority of its mass below the surface. A cork, on the other hand, floats quite near to the water's surface due to its density, which is around 20% that of water.
As moving icebergs are dangerous, they have never been a main supply of drinking water. Freshwater is released by melting glaciers and icebergs, which also lowers the salinity of the surrounding sea.
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The power required to exert 1 N force, over a distance of 1 m in 1 second is. A) 1 W. B) 2 W. C) 1/3 W. D) 3 W. E) none of these.
Answer:
A) E = 1 N * d = 1 Newton-Meter = 1 Joule
P(ower) = E / t = 1 N-m / t = 1 Joule / sec = 1 W
for what emf e does the 200ω resistor in the following figure dissipate no power if δv = 150 v ?
The total power dissipated by the resistor is 150 V x 1.33 A = 199.5W.
Since the voltage of the battery is 150 volts, and the resistance of the resistor is 200ω, then the current through the resistor is equal to 150V/200ω = 1.33 A.
As a result, the resistor dissipates a total of 150 V x 1.33 A = 199.5 W of electricity.
Power in physics is the amount of energy that is transferred and converted in a given amount of time. The International System of Units uses the watt, or one joule per second, as the unit of power. In older texts, power is frequently referred to as activity. Power is a scalar quantity.
Other aspects have been linked to power; for example, the product of a ground vehicle's velocity, traction force on its wheels, and aerodynamic drag equals the power needed to propel the vehicle.
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Justin throws a 10. 0-g ball straight
down from a height of 2. 0 m. The ball
strikes the floor at a speed of 7. 5m/s.
What was the initial speed of the ball?
The ball's initial speed as it descended straight down from a height was 17.5 miles per hour.
The starting velocity is the speed at time t = 0. (u). It is the speed at which motion first becomes apparent. Four equations can be used to calculate initial velocity: (1) If time, acceleration, and end velocity are known, the initial velocity can be calculated using the formula u = v - at.
Calculation:We can simply use the following equation of motion to solve this:v² - u² = 2 × a × s
here, v = final velocity = 7.5 m/s
a = 9.81 m/s^2
s = 2.0 m
Solving for u (initial velocity) we get:
(7.5)² - u² = 2 × 9.8 × 2
56.25 - u² = 39.2
u² = 56.25 - 39.2
u² = 17.05
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2. Donald Trump has a mass of 108 kg, calculate his velocity when he has the following kinetic energy:
a) 1250 J
d) 1.2 kj
g) 90 kj
Kinetic energy: A) 1250 J: Velocity = √(2*1250/108) = 8.2 m/s, D) 1.2 kj: Velocity = √(2*1200/108) = 82 m/s and G) 90 kj: Velocity = √(2*90000/108) = 819 m/s.
What is Kinetic energy?Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. It is the energy an object has due to its motion. Kinetic energy can be calculated by multiplying half of an object's mass by the square of its velocity. Kinetic energy is a form of energy that is transferred between objects due to their motion. It is the energy of a moving object and is equal to the work done to accelerate the object from rest to its current velocity. Kinetic energy is associated with the motion of an object and is proportional to the square of its velocity. Kinetic energy is a form of energy that is associated with the motion of an object. It is the energy of a moving object and is equal to the work done to accelerate the object from rest to its current velocity.
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A 2kg block i attached to a pring for which k=200n/m it i held at an extenion of 5cm and then releaed at t=0. A, Find the diplacement a a function of time?
B,the velocity when X= A/2
C, the acceleration when X=A/2
D, the total energy when X=A/2
Accurate choice is (A) In this case, m=2kg,k=50Nm 1, and A=5cm=0.05m. Block SHM executes. its angular frequency is 1. Because the time is measured from the equilibrium position, its displacement at any time t may be calculated using the formula x=Asint=0.05sin5tm.
Oscillation and vibration: what are they?Back and forth motion is described by the terms oscillation and vibration. Oscillation is typically used for slower motion, while "vibration" is typically used for action that is fairly quick. However, they have similar traits, hence in this book, the two terms will be used interchangeably.
What is motion-induced oscillation?Periodic or oscillatory motion is defined as a motion that repeats itself. Due to a restoring force, an object in such motion oscillates about an equilibrium position.
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The solar system is 25,000 light years from the center of our Milky Way galaxy. One light year is the distance light travels in one year at a speed of 3.0×108m/s. Astronomers have determined that the solar system is orbiting the center of the galaxy at a speed of 230 km/s.
The approximate mass of the galactic center was calculated to be 1.88*1041 kg.
Assume that the sun is a typical star with a typical mass. If galactic matter is made up of stars, approximately how many stars are in the center of the galaxy?
Note : Astronomers have spent many years trying to determine how many stars there are in the Milky Way. The number of stars seems to be only about 10% of what you'll find in part d. In other words, about 90% of the mass of the galaxy appears to be in some form other than stars. This is called the dark matter of the universe. No one knows what the dark matter is. This is one of the outstanding scientific questions of our day.
The stars in the center of the Milky Way galaxy is approximately 94.5 billion stars. The result is obtained by dividing the mass of the galactic center by the mass of the Sun.
How to estimate the number of stars in a galaxy?The number of stars in a galaxy can be estimated by dividing the mass of galactic center by the mass of a typical star.
In the Milky Way,
Radius of the solar system, r = 25,000 light years.1 light year, c = 3 × 10⁸ m/s.Speed of the solar system, v = 230 km/s.Approximate mass of the galactic center, M = 1.88 × 10⁴¹ kg.Suppose that the Sun is a typical star with a typical mass and the galactic matter is made up of stars. Find the approximate number of stars in the center of the galaxy!
From the scientific data, the mass of the Sun is 1.99 × 10³⁰ kg.
The number of stars is approximately
N = Mass of the galactic center / Mass of the Sun
N = 1.88 × 10⁴¹ kg / 1.99 × 10³⁰ kg
N = 0.945 × 10¹¹
N = 94.5 × 10⁹
N = 94.5 billion stars
In the center of Milky Way, the number of stars is around 94.5 billion stars.
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