Examples of positive and beneficial mutation:
Antibiotic resistance by bacteriaAlmond tree gene mutationHumans immunity to HIVExamples of negative and harmful mutation
Cystic fibrosisFrame shift mutationCancerExamples of neutral mutation;
Bovine and human insulinSilent point mutationMissense mutationWhat are mutation?Mutations are results from change in gene structures that leads to variations in form that can be transferred or passed down to generations. This is usually caused by alterations in the single base unit of DNAs by insertion, deletion or rearrangement of genes or chromosomes.
Positive and beneficial mutations result in retained from of adaptation like antibiotic resistance by bacteria, harmful mutation causes harm such as cancer, while neutral has little or no effect example, silent mutations.
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Step 2 of the Scientific Method is to “Gather Background Information.” Why is this step important? Support your claim with evidence from the article.
The step of “Gather Background Information.” is very important in the scientific method because with the help of this information we can make a hypothesis.
What are the scientific method and its steps?The scientific method is defined as the process of finding the facts with the help of testing and experimentation. The main process involves making an observation, then formulating a hypothesis, making a prediction, conducting an experiment, and then analyzing the results. The first step of the scientific method is asking a question. The second step is to Perform research. The third step is to Establish your hypothesis. Then test your hypothesis through experimentation. Analyze the results and conclusions.
So we can conclude that this step is very important because it helps to make a hypothesis.
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Why humans can't live off sunlight. Shine's experiment received alot of criticism
Answer:
Humans can't live off sunlight (among other reasons)because we don't have chlorophyll in our bodies. Chlorophyll takes the sun's energy and converts it into useable energy for plants to use. Adding energy to anything is not beneficial unless there is a mechanism to convert that energy into a useful form.
Which level sets the stage for the overall productivity of an ecological
energy pyramid? Why is this the case?
Bottom level sets the stage for the overall productivity of an ecological energy pyramid.
A graphical representation of the biomass or bioproductivity at each trophic level in a given ecosystem is known as an ecological pyramid. An energy pyramid, also known as a trophic or ecological pyramid, is a graphical representation of the energy contained within an ecosystem's trophic levels. The producers are at the bottom and largest level of the pyramid, and they contain the most energy.
Environmental pyramids are useful because they graphically depict the relationship between producers and consumers. To calculate energy, content, biomass, or population, the organism at that trophic level must be estimated. A trophic level, as opposed to a species, denotes a functional level.
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5. tRNA is found in the (nucleus/cytoplasm).
Explanation:
It occurs in NUCLEUS
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6. Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inherited disease determined by a recessive allele. If
a woman and her husband are both carriers, what is the probability of their
offspring having phenylketonuria?
Answer:
25%
Explanation:
Phenylketonuria is inherited as autosomal recessive trait . Since both the woman and her husband are the carrier of the disease their genotype would be Aa , where A is the dominant allele and a is recessive.
We can make a Punnet square as ,
[tex]\boxed{\begin{array}{c|c|c} \sf{ } & \sf A &\sf a \\\\ \sf A & \sf AA &\sf Aa \\\\ \sf a & \sf Aa &\sf aa \end{array}}[/tex]
From this , we can see that only one offspring would receive both the recessive allele and would be affected from the disease.
Hence the probability of their offspring of having PKU will be ,
[tex]\longrightarrow\sf \dfrac{1}{4}\times 100 =\boxed{\bf 25\% } [/tex]
Which process causes the factored form over the ocean and move toward the land move one process into each box to complete the model
I really don't know
Explanation:
Use Newton's Second Law to calculate the mass of an object with a net
force of 19,000 N accelerating at 10 m/s/s.
O 1,900 N
O 1,900 kg
O 190,000 kg
O 1.9 kg
What is the role of the central
nervous system in this model?
O coordinator
O effector
O response
O stimuli
one of the role of CNS is to send signal to the brain or it responds to stimuli
Which of Jackie’s actions would violate proper laboratory safety? alerting the teacher about large shards of glass on the floor replacing a beaker that had a crack in the top moving his chemicals away from the lighted Bunsen burner using his mouth to pipette the correct amount of solution into a pipette
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Solution
A: You have to alert someone if there is glass on the floor. Consider the kind of shoes that most people wear. It would be a disaster to be cut by something that had contained a chemical. The action is true and therefore A is not the answer.
B: You always replace any glass wear that is cracked. What if it breaks, then what. The answer is a correct answer, and therefore you would not pick B.
C: You always treat fire with care. It's not C.
D: I don't know about you, but I'd be awfully careful about putting my mouth over something that I'm not sure what it would do if I accidently swallowed the contents of the pipette. D is not a good procedure, but it is the answer.
This is really important, I need it asap
Option B energy is released when bond in ATP are broken and stored in sugar when bond forms.
The mild unbiased process takes location withinside the stroma of the chloroplast. Carbon dioxide is changed via way of means of collection of chemical reactions to shape carbohydrates.
The power for those reactions comes from ATP and NADPH generated for the duration of the mild structured process.
Energy from ATP and NADPH lessen the 3PG molecules to shape every other three carbon compound, glyceraldehyde-three-phosphate (G3P). Two G3P molecules are eliminated from the cycle and in the long run come to be one glucose molecule.
The different 10 molecules of G3P are transformed again to RuBP molecules, prepared to simply accept CO2 and begin the cycle again.
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40 Points!! Do not Steal or immediate Ban
Fill in the 2 pages ( bullet the blanks or number them )
Evolution is the change in the hereditary characteristics of a population of living things from one generation to another.
What is natural evolution?Darwin defined evolution as "descent with modification," the idea that species change over time, give rise to new species and share a common ancestor. The mechanism that Darwin proposed for evolution is natural selection.
Artificial selection is the process of crossing conducted by humans in order to select desirable traits in animals and plants. These features could be, for example, increased production of meat, milk, wool, silk or fruit. The theory of Natural selection is one of the main points of the theory proposed by Charles Darwin. According to natural selection, the fittest organism survives and passes its traits on to offspring, thus ensuring that advantageous traits settle in a population.
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Bat activity can be affected by artificial lighting. Because bats often rest during the day and hunt at night, they use their sense of hearing to help locate prey in the dark. A hunting bat emits high-pitched sound waves that reflect off insects. The external structure of the bat′s ear, which is composed of cartilage, funnels the reflected sound waves to the inner ear. The bat′s brain then identifies the location of an insect based on the amount of time it takes for the reflected sound waves to reach the bat′s ears. A group of researchers set up a study using white, green, and red lights in an otherwise dark natural habitat. The researchers measured the activity of two types of bats by recording the number of times a bat passed by. The researchers took measurements for five days in both early summer and late summer for four years.
Use the information above to determine which systems interact with each other when a bat hunts. Select the two correct answers.
A)The bat′s nervous system tells the bat where its prey is located.
B)The bat′s muscular system allows the bat to fly and catch the prey.
C)The bat uses its respiratory system to produce sounds.
D)The bat can use its skeletal system to produce sounds and locate prey.
E)The bat can use its nervous system to fly and catch prey.
The information which describes how systems interact with each other when a bat hunts include the following below:
A)The bat′s nervous system tells the bat where its prey is located.
D)The bat can use its skeletal system to produce sounds and locate prey.
What is Skeletal system?This is the type of system which comprises of bones, cartilages etc and is majorly involved in the movement of parts of the body such as the legs, hands etc. This system is also responsible for performing daily activities such as searching for food.
According to the information provided in which we were told how a bat hunts, it uses the skeletal system to produce sounds and locate its prey while the nervous system tells the bat where its prey is located through stimuli.
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what is cellular respiration?
Answer:
short answer:
the process by which food, in the form of sugar (glucose), is transformed into energy within cells
Long answer:
the process by which organisms combine oxygen with foodstuff molecules, diverting the chemical energy in these substances into life-sustaining activities and
discarding, as waste products, carbon dioxide and water
Explain how matter and energy interact within an ecosystem.
Provide evidence from each source to support your explanation.
As per the statement energy and matter interacts in ecosystem in following manner.
Energy flows across an ecosystem, while matter cycles within it. Let's take a closer look at how various living activities influence the movement of energy and matter in ecosystems to better understand why this is the case.
What is energy and matter?Matter is the material substance that constitutes the observable universe and, together with energy, forms the basis of all objective phenomena. Energy, in physics, is the capacity for doing work. It may exist in potential, kinetic, thermal, electrical, chemical, nuclear, or other various forms.
When producers engage in photosynthesis, they draw energy from the sun and store it as chemical potential energy, which is how energy enters an ecosystem. During this procedure, environmental debris (in the form ofO2 Organic molecules are formed by ingesting O) and rearranging it (sugars). These organic molecules can either be stored as biomass or used to power the producers' biological functions through cellular respiration, which produces heat and gases.
Decomposers receive matter and energy from dead producers, consumers, and the waste they make. Matter is converted back into inorganic forms by decomposers so that it can be recycled in the ecosystem.
So, the energy that comes from sunlight entering an ecosystem eventually leaves the ecosystem as heat. As atoms are mixed and recombined in various ways, on the other hand, the matter in an ecosystem is continuously renewed.
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What’s the correct answer answer asap for brainlist
Active transport uses energy.
Active transport is defined as the movement of molecules from a lower concentration region to a higher concentration region against a gradient or an obstacle using external energy. Active transport is an energy-driven process in which membrane proteins transport molecules across cells. These mechanisms are classified as either primary or secondary depending on how energy is coupled to fuel them.
Active transportation is classified into two types: primary and secondary active transportation. The primary active transport is uniport, whereas the secondary active transport couples the uphill transfer of molecules across the membrane with the downhill transfer of an ion or other molecule.
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A cell is treated with a drug that prevents the formation of new lysosomes. The cell continues to transcribe the genes that code for the hydrolytic enzymes that are normally found in lysosomes and continues to translate the mRNAs for those proteins on membrane-bound ribosomes. The hydrolytic enzymes are most likely to accumulate in which of the following cellular structures?
a. Nucleus
b. Mitochondrion
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d. Golgi Apparatus
Answer:
In principle, the lysosomes are the responsible for accumulating of hydrolytic enzymes, so if the drug did not prevent the formation of lysosomes, the accumulation of hydrolytic enzymes would be in charge of the lysosomes.
But in the statement it says that the drug with which the cell is being treated prevents the formation of lysosomes, and in this case, the organelle that is most likely to perform the function of accumulating hydrolytic enzymes is the golgi apparatus.
Neptune has 14 moons. Moons usually orbit a planet or dwarf planet, though some have been observed orbiting asteroids. What role, if any, does gravity play when it comes to a body’s orbit? Explain.
The role that gravity plays when it comes to a body’s orbit is that it holds the body in orbit and prevents it from falling into other celestial bodies which may cause harmful consequences.
What is Gravity?This is referred to as a type of force which draws a planet or other body towards the center of the earth and it is responsible for the moon being in orbit around Earth.
This also holds the body in orbit and prevents it from falling into other celestial bodies which could cause serious harm and consequences thereby making it the correct choice.
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What is the human genome project and its purpose?
Answer:
it's an ambitious research effort aimed at deciphering the chemical makeup of the entire human genetic code
Explanation:
purpose : to accurately sequence the 3 billion nucleotide base pairs in the human genome. A second goal was to map and identify all of the human genes present in the DNA sequence.
ORRR
1.Optimization of the data analysis.
2.Sequencing the entire genome.
3.Identification of the complete human genome.
One of the greatest scientific achievements in history is the Human Genome Project. An international team of scientists undertook the project as a biological odyssey to thoroughly examine the entire DNA (also known as a genome) of a particular group of organisms.
What is Human Genome Project?
All of the human genes were sequenced as part of the Human Genome Project, an international research endeavor. The lengthy undertaking was started in 1990 and finished in 2003. Accurately sequencing the human genome's 3 billion nucleotide base pairs was one of the project's objectives. The identification and mapping of every human gene found in the DNA sequence was a secondary objective. (Right now, scientists believe there to be between 20,000 and 25,000 genes.) The Human Genome Project also sought to publicly archive all of the sequence data gathered in online databases.Facts of human genome project:
The Human Genome Project was a significant international scientific undertaking with the primary objective of producing the first sequence of the human genome.Over 90% of the human genome was covered by the genome sequence the Human Genome Project generated in 2003. It was as close to completion as the DNA sequencing methods at the time would have allowed.The effort was essential for advancing regulations and winning more support for the free exchange of scientific information.The sequencing of the human genome has raised concerns and problems, which has led to a heightened focus on ethics in scientific research.The project was unusual for biomedical research because the researchers' work was motivated by the desire to discover a new aspect of the biological universe rather than by developing a theory or hypothesis first.Hence this is all about Human genome project.
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in gold rush for algae What technological solutions have already been tried?
Some technological solutions that have been tried in the gold rush for algae in the production of biofuels include the use of closed bioreactors.
What is the gold rush for algae?The gold rush for algae refers to the rush to cultivate and used algae to produce important biofuels that are required for several industrial processes.
Algae are photosynthetic eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells that produce an oily byproduct that includes various oils and ethanol that can be converted into advanced biofuels.
Various companies and industries are trying to utilize algae for the purpose of producing important biofuels. They aim to grow algae in close bioreactors in order to maximize the yield of biofuels from algae.
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If a red cow (homozygous dominant) is crossed with a white cow (homozygous dominant), what alleles will the offspring have?
Rw
RW
rW
rw
Question and Answer:
If a red cow (homozygous dominant) is crossed with a white cow (homozygous dominant), what alleles will the offspring have?
A. Rw
B. RW
C. rW
D. rw
Explanation:
This is because they are both dominant
Hope this helps:)
Answer:
its B
Explanation:
Why is cyanide a universal poison effective in all organisms with mitochondria?
Answer:
For every organism where mitochondria act as a powerhouse of a cell, ATP that is Adenosine Tri Phosphate is produced during aerobic respiration (i.e respiration that takes place in presence of oxygen). Cyanide interrupts this chain thus ATP production staggers which will further weaken the mitochondria and will bring metabolic reactions to an end.
Cyanide is a deadly poison that can disperse itself so fast that it can dispense throughout the body in a matter of seconds as it prevents the cell from the usage of oxygen.
Cyanide is a deadly poison that can disperse itself so fast that it can dispense throughout the body in a matter of seconds as it prevents the cell from the usage of oxygen.
what are cyanides?
Cyanides are fast-acting poisons that can be lethal. They were used as chemical weapons for the first time in World War I. Low levels of cyanides are found in nature and in products we commonly eat and use. Cyanides can be produced by certain bacteria, fungi and algae. Cyanides are also found in cigarette smoke, in vehicle exhaust, and in foods such as spinach, bamboo shoots, almonds, lima beans, fruit pits and tapioca.
Moving away from the point of exposure to fresh air is an important first step in treating cyanide exposure. Cyanide poisoning can be further treated by medical professionals. Often patients are given oxygen.
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How does hunting support conservation efforts?
A. Most animals rely on feeding spots set up by hunters
B. Hunter support conservation through tax dollars
C. Hunters plant a tree for every animal killed in the field
D. Hunters donate money to conservation efforts frequently
The option (B) is correct. Hunter support conservation through tax dollars.
What is conservation?Conservation biology is the study of the conservation of nature and of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction and the erosion of biotic interactions.
Moreover, conservation biology has two central goals: 1. to evaluate human impacts on biological diversity and 2. to develop practical approaches to prevent the extinction of species.
Therefore, important characteristics of conservation biology are that it is a crisis discipline and it is holistic. It needs integration of research and management, and a range of relevant skills, along with flexible funding to allow for inevitable changes in conservation research programmers.
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The graph shows the change in the duration of the sea-ice melt season in attic from 1980 to 2015. The blue band represents the time between when ice began to melt and when it froze each year. Which conclusion can you draw from the graph?
Answer:C
Explanation:
Patrick is a 16 year old boy whose body has stopped producing osteoclasts. What does this mean for his bones? What other parts of his body will be affected by this?
This means for his bones that his bones will become weak and brittle. Other parts of his body like the hip, wrist, and spine will be affected by this.
Osteoclasts weaken brittle bones, making them prone to breaking from even minor stresses like coughing or stooping. The most frequent locations for fractures caused by osteoclasts are the hip, wrist, or spine. Bone is a living tissue that constantly degrades and is replaced.
By increasing their resorptive activity and destroying bone to initiate normal bone repair, the cells known as osteoclasts mediate bone loss in pathologic circumstances. They develop from progenitors of the myeloid/monocyte lineage that circulate in the bloodstream after maturing in the bone marrow.
Osteoblasts create bone; osteocytes mature it, and osteoclasts degrade and reabsorb it.
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Speculate on how climate change could could present an advantage or disadvantage for the invasive species?
Numerous alien species are made easier to establish and spread, and climate change gives them more chances to expand and become invasive.
A short-term rise in shifting conditions may make it easier for alien plant species to establish themselves over time, according to some studies. Accelerating anthropogenic climate change could be detrimental to species with slow generation rates and limited ability to expand their range. Species that can swiftly change their ranges may have an advantage.
The most effective invaders are typically species that are widely distributed along a latitudinal axis and can thus endure a variety of climatic conditions. The destabilisation of the environment brought on by climate change, which is promoting the spread of invasive species, is known as the climate change and invasive species relationship. Numerous ecosystems have shown evidence of increased warmth and precipitation as a result of anthropocentric climate change.
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Which of the following correctly shows the sequence of organelles a protein would take if it were being exported from the cell?
(1 point)
O Ribosome → Smooth ER + Vesicle — Cell Membrane → Vesicle → Rough ER
Smooth ER Vesicle → Golgi apparatus → Rough ER → Vesicle → Nucleus
Ribosome > Vesicle - Rough ER → Vesicle → Golgi Apparatus → Cell Membrane
O Ribosome - Rough ER → Vesicle - Golgi Apparatus → Vesicle + Cell Membrane
When a protein leaves the cell, the proper pathway is Ribosome - Rough ER - Vesicle - Golgi Apparatus - Vesicle + Cell Membrane.
What is membrane trafficking?
Proteins and other macromolecules are transported throughout the cell and released into or internalized from the extracellular space via membrane trafficking. Membrane-bound vesicles serve as transport mediators in membrane trafficking.Trafficking of protein pathway:
By translating the matching messenger RNA (mRNA) sequences into polypeptides in the ribosomes, proteins are created (translated).The production, processing, and transport of proteins and lipids all depend on the system of endomembrane, which is a system of membranous parts inside the cell.The endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes are components of this system.The endomembrane system's components can exchange membrane components with one another and with the cell membrane in the vesicles, which are membrane-bound sacs.Hence the pathway of protein exporting.
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Which of the following molecules does not function as genetic information used for protein
synthesis?
A
Amino acids
B Messenger RNA
C DNA
D Transfer RNA
Answer:
A. Amino acids
Explanation:
Hope this helps!
4. Cephalopods swim by means of jet propulsion. What is the structure that helps them move that way? 0 siphon O radula 0 sepia 0 nephridia
Answer:
Siphon
Explanation:
The siphon propels the squid through the water in the opposite direction to which the siphon is pointing, much like jet propulsion.
Drag the tiles to the correct boxes to complete the pairs .
Match the description of each plant with the group to which the plant belongs
The description of each plant should be matched with the group to which the plant belongs as follows:
Gymnosperm: a vascular plant that produces cones to house seeds.Pteridophyte: a vascular plant that does not produce seeds.Bryophyte: a short, nonvascular plant.Angiosperm: a flowering vascular plant that that contain rhizoids produces fruit around seeds.What is a nonvascular plant?In Science, a nonvascular plant can be defined as a species of low-growing, non-flowering plant that lacks specialized conducting channels, deep roots, or vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) for the transportation of nutrients and absorption of water.
Additionally, some examples of cone-bearing plants (gymnosperms) include the following:
Palm treesRedwoodsGinkgosConifersPine treesIn conclusion, gymnosperms are also referred to as cone-bearing plants and they primarily produce male cones and female cones on the same plant in order to enable them house seeds.
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Complete Question:
Drag the tiles to the correct boxes to complete the pairs. Match the description of each plant with the group to which the plant belongs.
a vascular plant that produces cones to house seeds.
a vascular plant that does not produce seeds
a short, nonvascular plant
a flowering vascular plant that that contain rhizoids produces fruit around seeds
angiosperm
bryophyte
pteridophyte
Gymnosperm
What is the R Group?
Explanation:
R group: An abbreviation for any group in which a carbon or hydrogen atom is attached to the rest of the molecule. Sometimes used more loosely, to include other elements such as halogens, oxygen, or nitrogen.