Answers
Answer:
In every eukaryotic cell, such as plants and animals, there is DNA in the nucleus. The nucleus is an area surrounded by a membrane (nuclear membrane) which has some pores for materials to enter and exit, but these are controlled.
The DNA is the cell's instructions, it is a series of code that can be transcribed and translated to make proteins. As in the image below DNA is a series of bases attached to a sugar phosphate backbone and bonded to another base pair to made a ladder, this ladder is twisted making the shaped called a double helix . There are four base pairs: Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Guanine (G), and Cytosine (C).
The bases have bases they bond to making complementary base pairs , A and T bond together while the C and G bond together. on each strand of DNA one end is labelled 5' (read as 5 prime) and other end is the 3'. The 5' end base pairs of one strand are always attached to the 3' end of the complementary strand. Labelling the ends helps us to describe in which direction DNA is read.
Since the DNA cannot leave the nucleus , copies of the section needed to make the protein are made, this is called transcription.
This done by first opening the double helix with an enzyme called DNA Helicase. Another enzyme called RNA polymerase will match new bases to the original DNA attaching them in a long strand of mRNA. When the enzyme reaches the end the strand will be removed and the DNA can close.
Related Questions
describe the features of the endocrine system for control in the example given.
- endocrine gland
-negative feedback mechanism
-produce hormone -> travel via blood-> target specific cells organs
Please expand these bullet points
Answers
Answer:
The endocrine system is a major system in the body composed of glands that secrete hormones, which are substances produced by the body to stimulate an organ or group of cells. The endocrine system controls essential bodily functions, which include movement, sexual development, sensory perception, and even growth.
Explanation:
Hormones are chemicals that are produced by the glands in the endocrine system and coordinate distinct bodily functions by carrying important messages throughout the body. They send signals to receiver cells in organs, muscles, and tissues.
Role of Hormones
Hormones have very essential roles in the body, as they regulate metabolism, growth, and sex development. For example, testosterone and estrogen are sex hormones that are released in the body to initiate sex development during puberty. The rate at which these hormones are produced and released must also be highly controlled for optimal development and growth. Hormones also control levels of hunger or exhaustion. Overall, they are very important in telling the body what to do and how to do it.
Function of Hormones
As previously mentioned, hormones serve several important functions throughout the body. They are responsible for the function of organs, in addition to controlling how the body stores and uses energy. Hormones only target specific organs or cells: for example, thyroid-stimulating hormones are released by the pituitary gland, and only target the thyroid gland. Some hormones can affect several kinds of tissues at once; for instance, the thyroid hormone, produced by the thyroid gland, can affect several bodily functions, such as heart rate and metabolism.
is having glasses a acquired trait or is it inherited
Answers
Answer: It can be both but it is mainly an inherited trait but environmental things can make your eye sight worse or better which can end up being an acquired, but like I said its more so an inherited trait.
Explanation:
What does “alkaline” mean?
A.
pH is higher than 7.
B.
pH is lower than 7.
C.
Negative ions.
D.
Non-reactive with other chemicals.
Answers
Answer:
PH greater than 7
basic solution
CAN SOMONE PLEASE HELP ME I ONLY HAVE 1 MIN PLEASE
Answers
Answer:
Fibrinogen is the blood clotting protein
A neighbor administers first aid to a boy who was found in his backyard pool and is not breathing. The neighbor should apply a tourniquet. attempt rescue breathing. perform the Heimlich maneuver. apply a splint
Answers
Answer:
attempt rescue breathing
Explanation:
What is special about each organism in the ecosystem
Answers
What term can be used to describe all cellular respiration?
Tick one box.
А
Aerobic
B
Endothermic
С
Anaerobic
D
Exothermic
Answers
The term that can be used to describe all cellular respiration is Exothermic. Some cellular respiration may be aerobic, some are anaerobic but all the exothermic.
What do you mean by Cellular respiration?Cellular respiration may be defined as the methodology of transforming glucose into a form of energy (ATP) that is useable by cells.
Respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen is known as aerobic cellular respiration, respiration that occurs in the absence of oxygen is known as anaerobic respiration.
Therefore, the term that can be used to describe all cellular respiration is Exothermic.
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Writing your own quiz from the information you learned in class and during your reading will help improve your study skills.
A.
True
B.
False
Answers
Answer:
A. true
Explanation:
Writing your own quiz on the information you studied will force you to go over the information and find all the important details
The movement of small organic molecules, electrolytes, vitamins, and water across the digestive epithelium and into the intestinal fluid of the digestive tract is called what then? I can understand if going into the interstitial fluid of the digestive tract that it would be called Absorption; however, what is it called when it moves into the intestinal fluid of the digestive tract?
Answers
Answer:
As you have learned, the process of mechanical digestion is relatively simple. It involves the physical breakdown of food but does not alter its chemical makeup. Chemical digestion, on the other hand, is a complex process that reduces food into its chemical building blocks, which are then absorbed to nourish the cells of the body. In this section, you will look more closely at the processes of chemical digestion and absorption.
This diagram identifies the functions of mechanical and chemical digestion and absorption at each organ. Next to each organ, a callout identifies which steps of digestion take place in that particular organ.
Explanation:
What happens in your body if you are exposed to a virus for which you have
been vaccinated?
A. The altered virus recognizes the natural version of the virus and
destroys it.
B. Because the vaccination remains in your body, the altered virus outcompetes the natural version and you do not get sick.
C. The nonspecific immune response recognizes the invading virus and prevents it from entering the body.
D. Memory cells that develop in response to the vaccine recognize
the invading virus and respond quickly to destroy it.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation: A
Hemolysis is:
O A) when a red blood cell is in a hypertonic solution and the cell ruptures
O B) when a red blood cell is in a hypotonic solution and the cell ruptures
O C) when a red blood cell is in a hypotonic solution and the cell shrinks
O D) when a red blood cell is in a hypertonic solution and the cell shrinks
Answers
In three to five sentences, describe the advantages and disadvantages of these maps in modeling mitosis. I will give brainliest to best answer
Answers
Introduction
In order for organisms to grow, cells have two options: they must either replicate themselves to create more cells, or the cells themselves must expand in volume. In humans, tissues such as the skin and blood contain cells that are actively dividing, whilst other tissues such as fat contain cells that expand (good if you need energy for winter, bad if you are trying to fit into some expensive jeans). Other cells, such as neurons, will never divide again once they are terminally differentiated; they are post-mitotic.
In the process of replicating themselves, cells have another choice: do they want to make an identical copy and be left with two cells? Or do they want to make four “half-copies”, in preparation for sexual reproduction, where their genetic content will be made whole again by the process of fertilisation? This choice is the choice between mitosis and meiosis.
Difference Between Mitosis and Meiosis
This article will explore the characteristics of both kinds of cell division, shining a light on how they are similar and in which aspects they are crucially distinct. We will also explore the research into these processes and how cell division might go awry to cause disease states such as cancer and Down’s Syndrome.
Mitosis vs. Meiosis: Overview and commonly asked questions
Mitosis
Meiosis
What is the purpose of this process?
In a unicellular organism, the purpose of mitosis is to proliferate asa species. In a multicellular organism, the purpose can be to grow during development, or to repair or regenerate
adamaged tissue, for example.
To create gametes with only one copy of the organism’s genetic information, in preparation for sexual reproduction. Various steps in meiosis create opportunity for genetic diversity in the daughter cells. This is the raw substrate for evolution.
What is the outcome of this process?
Two diploid cells with identical genetic information.
Four haploid cells with different genetic information.
Which organisms perform this process?
Mitosis is performed by unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes.Bacteria have their own version of mitosis called “binary fission”.This is distinct from meiosis as bacteria typically have one circular chromosome,which is not contained within a nucleus, like eukaryotic chromosomes.
Only organisms which perform sexual reproduction. Archaeaand bacteria do not do this, so it might be tempting to think that unicellularorganisms do not sexually reproduce. However, there are exceptions; buddingyeast will form haploid spores under nutritional deprivation.
How long does this process take?
Mitosis is usually shorter than meiosis. The process can take over 10 hours for mammalian cells in culture [2], budding yeast can take ~80 minutes to complete a cell cycle [3], whilst bacteria can divide every 20 minutes.
Meiosis has various timescales in different organisms, which can be affected by several factors including temperature and environment of the organism, and the amount of nuclear DNA. The process lasts 6 hours in yeast but can last more than 40 years in human females, due to a developmental hold at prophase I, until ovulation. Other examples are 1-2 days in male fruit flies and ~ 24 days in human males. [1]
What is an example of a disease caused by an error in this process?
Uncontrolled mitosis occurs in cancer, where either genes that stop cell division (tumour suppressors) are switched off, or genes that encourage cell division (oncogenes) are overactive.
Errors in meiosis can lead to the wrong number of chromosomes ending up in germ cells, this is called aneuploidy. This can trigger miscarriage, but is occasionally tolerated. One example is Down’s syndrome, caused by trisomy 21. Another example is Klinefelter syndrome, where XY males have an additional X chromosome.
Summary
Meiosis and mitosis both have a prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase and cytokinesis.
In meiosis, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase occur twice. The first round of division is special, but the second round is more like mitosis.
In mitosis, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase occur once.
Prophase
Chromosomes condense and the centrosomes begin to form an early spindle.
Meiotic prophase I is much longer that mitotic prophase.
During prophase I homologous chromosomes make contacts with each other called chiasmata and “crossing over” occurs. This is where chromosomes exchange sections of DNA. This is important for generating genetic diversity but is also crucial mechanically to hold homologous chromosomes together.
Mitotic prophase is much shorter that meiotic prophase I.
There is no crossing over in mitosis.
(Im a really fast typer)
Answer:
Cells have to do a few things, first they either have to replicate themselves, or they must expand. In our human bodies our cells do both. Replicating when we break skin, and expanding for the winter. Some cells never divide though. But cells also have to choose is they will make identical copies, or 4 half copies. Half copies have a sexual re-productions. And this is the choice of mitosis and meiosis.
Explanation:
I just made a quick summery of the long essay above, I'm not sure if it's totally correct, but I hope it helps!
give difference Himalaya rivers- Peninsula river?
Answers
Answer:
- Himalayan rivers get water from snow and rain,
-whereas Peninsular rivers are fed by rain only.
-Himalayan Region is the shape of an arc.
- The Peninsular Plateau is in the shape of a triangle.
-Himalayan Region is made up of sedimentary rocks
- The Peninsular Plateau is made up of metamorphic and igneous rocks.
descibe 3 impact due climate change
Answers
Answer:
Ice melting habitat lossHeating and cooling of the earth's atmosphereWhich description is not a property of an acid?
Sour taste
Slimy Feel
dissolve metals
corrosive
brainliest will be possible
Answers
The correct option is C. Slimy feel
When you eat a lemon, you can taste the sourness.
When you have rust, you can acidicly burn it off.
And acid is obviously corrosive, which leaves C- which we know is not a property of acid.
I hope this helps!
Answer:
slimy feel
Explanation:
Question 5 (True/False Worth 1 points)
(02.02 LC)
TRUE OR FLASE QUESTION (WORTH 50 POINTS)
Water takes a longer time to change temperature than alcohol does because water requires a larger amount of heat to be absorbed to cause the change.
()True
Or
()False
Answers
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Water freezes faster than alcohol due to lower freezing point.
Water takes less time to freeze than alcohol but can absorb a large amount of heat with only a small change in its temperature. Alcohol has -114.7 degrees Celsius of freezing temperature whereas water has freezing point of 0 degrees Celsius.
The given statement is true. Water freezes faster than alcohol. Due to its lower freezing point than alcohol, water freezes more quickly.
Why water freezes faster than alcohol?Alcohol takes longer to freeze than water, but water can absorb a lot of heat with just a slight change in temperature. Water has a freezing point of zero degrees Celsius, but alcohol has a freezing point of -114.7 degrees Celsius.
Because water molecules must be forced to move more quickly within the water in order for the temperature to rise, water is more able to absorb heat than many other substances. As a result, water freezes more quickly than alcohol.
Therefore, The given statement is true. Water freezes faster than alcohol. Due to its lower freezing point than alcohol, water freezes more quickly.
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PLEASE HELP!!! WILL MARK AS BRAINLIEST!!! D:
A. SICKLE CELL ANEMIA: GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
Circle the mutation in DNA of the sickle-cell beta-globin gene fragment in the table below:
Wild-type beta-globin gene fragment
C A C G T A G A C T G A G G A C T C
Sickle-cell beta-globin gene fragment
C A C G T A G A C T G A G G A C A C
Transcribe beta-globin DNA into mRNA. Note: DNA is already arranged in triplet sets (below).
Translate mRNA codons into amino acids of hemoglobin protein sequence using the chart on page 3.
Wild-type beta-globin gene fragment
C A C G T A G A C T G A G G A C T C
Transcription produces mRNA fragment:
Translation produces wild-type beta-globin polypeptide fragment:
Sickle-cell beta-globin gene fragment
C A C G T A G A C T G A G G A C A C
Transcription produces mRNA fragment:
Translation produces mutant beta-globin polypeptide fragment:
Answers
In this example an adenine replaces a thymine. Wild-type mRNA GUGCAUCUGACUCCUGAG/ Protein Val-His-Leu-Thr-Pro-Glu. Mutated mRNA GUGCAUCUGACUCCUGUG/ Protein Val-His-Leu-Thr-Pro-Val.
--------------------------
Mutations are changes that occur in DNI nucleotide sequences that introduce new variants.
There are different types of mutations. In the exposed example, the last thymine from the Wild-type beta-globin gene fragment is replaced by an adenine in the Sickle-cell beta-globin gene fragment. The other bases remain equal.
Wild-type gene fragment ⇒ C A C G T A G A C T G A G G A C T C
Sickle-cell gene fragment ⇒ C A C G T A G A C T G A G G A C A C
Wild-type beta-globin gene fragment
TranscriptionTranscription occurs in the nucleus. In RNA uracil replaces thymine.
While growing mRNA molecule,
adenine pairs uracil, thymine pairs adenine, and guanine pairs cytosine.DNA ⇒ C A C G T A G A C T G A G G A C T C
mRNA ⇒ G U G C A U C U G A C U C C U G A G
TranslationTranslation occurs in the cytosol. mRNA codons codify for amino acids.
Codons have been separated by a space.
mRNA ⇒ G U G C A U C U G A C U C C U G A G
Protein ⇒ Valine - Histidine - Leucine - Threonine - Proline - Glutamine
Sickle-cell beta-globin gene fragment
TranscriptionDNA ⇒ C A C G T A G A C T G A G G A C A C
mRNA ⇒ G U G C A U C U G A C U C C U G U G
Translation
mRNA ⇒ G U G C A U C U G A C U C C U G U G
Protein ⇒ Valine - Histidine - Leucine - Threonine - Proline - Valine
---------------------------------------
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A manufacturing plant has been found guilty of polluting the nearby river. This is _______ pollution.
Answers
Point source pollution
Explanation
Mark Brainliest please
Which habitats are the most common on you neighboorhood? Why do you think this is so?
Answers
A DNA molecule with a total of 1500 nucleotides has 300 cytosines. How many thymines does the DNA molecule have?
Answers
The DNA molecules will have 450 thymines if a DNA molecule has a total of 1500nucleotides
A DNA molecule also known as deoxyribonucleic acid is made up of a double helix.
The DNA molecule with a total of 1500 nucleotides will contain 750 cytosine and Thymines and 750 guanines and adenine.
Hence we can have the expression:
C + T = 750
If there are 300 cytosines, hence;
300 + T = 750
T = 750 - 300
T = 450
This shows that the DNA molecules will have 450 thymines
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low elevation and low latitudes result in ____________________
Group of answer choices
cold temperatures
hot temperatures
wetter climate
more change in temperature
Answers
Answer:
5
Explanation:
Although chickens, chimpanzees, cows, and humans share a gene for insulin, two species are more closely related to one another than the others. Select the correct pair of species. (10 points)
A. chickens and cows
B. chimpanzees and cows
C. chickens and humans
D. chimpanzees and humans
Answers
As the rise of humans or the homosapins on the planet the earth was full of creatures from all races and they were located in different habitats and inches.
The rise of man was initiated by the primates and marsupials and these later on lead to the development of monkey like large land animals. The gene of insulin is hared between the man and his processor chimpanzee.Hence the option D is correct.
Learn more about the chimpanzees, cows, and humans who share a gene for insulin.
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a human organ is being prepared for transplant. in what type of solution must it be bathed?
A. A hypertonic solution
B. A hypotonic solution
C. Pure water containing solutes
D. A solution with the same osmolarity as the organ tissue
Answers
it must be bathed in a solution with the same osmolarity as the organ tissue.. inorder for it not to gain or lose its solute concentration.
I it is placed in a hypotonic solution it will gain water and eventually burst and if placed in a hypertonic solution it will lose water and shrink.
it must be bathed in solution with the same osmolarity as the organ tissue.
Osmosis allows for the diffusion of water from the region of higher concentration to the region of lower concentration.
Osmolarity measures the amount of solute concentration
For an organ place in a hypertonic solution i.e solution that has a higher solute
organ bathed in a hypertonic solution will continue to absorb in more water which can eventually burst the organ when it is too muchFor organ in hypotonic solution i.e solution that has a lower solute concentration
organ bathed will have to lose more solution because itself has more solute than the solution and can lead to shrinkagebut when the osmolarity is the same the Organ will have the same solute concentration as the solution and will help keep the organ in its original form, it will not absorb or lose any solution.
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Which of the following substances is least likely to diffuse across the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane?
A) large hydrophobic molecules B) hydrophobic small molecules
C) carbon dioxide D) small ions
Answers
Answer:
Hi, could you answer my question: What is a plan in science for a 6 QWC question?
Explanation:
What do organisms do with the products of cellular respiration?
Answers
Explanation:
it combine oxygen with foodstuff molecules, diverting the chemical energy in these substances into life sustaining activities and discarding
Traditional Chinese culture is the general term for national civilization, customs and spirit. The definition of "culture" is often "the benevolent see benevolence, and the wise see wisdom". Simply put, traditional Chinese culture is based on the three schools of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. The three are interdependent, infiltrate and influence each other, and build the whole of Chinese traditional culture. The ideas of these three traditional cultures are collectively called the "Three Religions" in China.
Answers
Answer:
Chinese traditional culture
Explanation:
Chinese traditional culture
If a brown-eyed mother and a blue-eyed father have four children, three will probably have brown eyes. What can you conclude from this?
A. Brown eyes are a successive trait
B. Brown eyes are a submissive trait
C. Brown eyes are a recessive trait
D. Brown eyes are a dominant trait
Answers
Answer:
D. Brown eyes are a Dominant Trait
Explanation:
Under dehydration circumstances in the winter, stomata may close to reduce water loss for the tree. Predict what would result from the closing of stomata. es ) A This would provide more water, increasing photosynthesis. B) This would also stop gas exchange and further limit photosynthesis. This would trap the oxygen produced in photosynthesis and kill the plant. D) This would help the needles gather more sunlight energy, increasing photosynthesis. Energy Transfer
Answers
Answer:this would also stop gas exchange and further limit photosynthesis
Explanation: did this on USA test prep and got it right
This would also stop gas exchange and further limit photosynthesis. Therefore, option B is correct.
What is the mechanism of opening and closing of stomata?The content of cell sap is reduced as a result of the conversion of the organic acids into starch. This causes water to exit hard cells, and a decline in their turgor causes the stomata to close. Stomata therefore open throughout the day and close at night.
The pH of the guard cells controls stomatal opening, according to the starch sugar interconversion theory of stomatal opening. In neutral or alkaline pH, stomata open. When the guard cells are open during the day and closed at night, they contain starch during the day.
Under dehydration circumstances in the winter, stomata may close to reduce water loss for the tree. This would also stop gas exchange and further limit photosynthesis. Therefore, option B is correct.
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Gametes are ______ They have ______ the number of chromosomes.
1) diploid; double the number of
chromosomes.
2) diploid; half the number of chromosomes.
3) haploid; double half the number of chromosomes.
4) haploid; half the number of chromosomes.
Answers
Answer:
4)
Explanation:
Gametes have one haploid (n) genome, which is half of somatic cells, having one diploid (2n) genome combined through fertilization from two haploid (n) gametes.
In humans, gametes have 23 chromosomes, and somatic cells have 23 homologous pairs, which is 46 chromosomes.
Different species have different numbers, but most follow the same pattern.
name three reason why blood goes to the lungs
Answers
Answer:
Blood without oxygen returns through the veins, to the right side of your heart. From there it is pumped to your lungs so that you can breathe out the carbon dioxide and breathe in more oxygen.
Explanation: