What do these two changes have in common?

an engine using gasoline to power a car
cellular respiration

Select all that apply.
Both are only physical changes
Both converse mass
Both are chemical changes
Both are caused by heating

He came to the conclusion that mass and positive charge are concentrated at the center of the atom from a small number of alpha particles deflected by huge angles with a 180.

Rutherford discovered that most positively charged alpha particles in his gold foil experiment passed straight through the foil without being deflected, leading him to believe that the majority of the atom's space is largely empty.

He came to the conclusion that mass and positive charge are concentrated at the center of the atom because there are few alpha particles that are deflected by huge angles with a 180. Rutherford Atomic Model - J. J. Thomson's "plum pudding" model was unable to account for some experimental findings related to the atomic structure of elements. British scientist Ernest Rutherford performed.

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a) The balanced equation is :

C₂H₆   +  Cl₂ --->  C₂H₅Cl  + HCl

b) The percent yield is the 83.0 % %.

a) The balanced equation  is given below :

C₂H₆   +  Cl₂ --->  C₂H₅Cl  + HCl

b) mass of the ethane = 300 g

molar mass of the ethane = 30 g/mol

moles of the ethane = 300 / 30

                                  = 10 mol

mass of chlorine = 650 g

molar mass of the chlorine = 71 g /mol

moles = 650 / 71

          = 9.15 mol

it is clear the the chlorine is the limiting reactant.

1 mole of the chlorine produces the 1 mole of the C₂H₅Cl

moles of the C₂H₅Cl = 9.15 mol

mass of the C₂H₅Cl = 9.15 × 64.5

                                  = 590.175 g

The percent yield = (experimental yield / theoretical yield )  × 100 %

                              = ( 490 / 590 .175 ) × 100 %

                              = 83.0 %

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The concentration of the HCl solution is 0.816 M (or 816 mM).

To determine the concentration of the HCl solution, we can use the balanced equation for the neutralization reaction between HCl and NaOH:

HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

This reaction is a neutralization reaction, which means that the number of moles of H+ ions (from the HCl) is equal to the number of moles of OH- ions (from the NaOH).

Given that 20.4 mL of a 1 M NaOH solution was needed to completely react with 25 ml of HCl, we can use the volume and molarity of the NaOH solution to determine the number of moles of OH- ions:

Molarity = moles of solute/litres of solution

Moles of OH- = (20.4 mL x 1 M) / 1000 mL/L = 0.0204 moles

Since the number of moles of H+ ions is equal to the number of moles of OH- ions, we can use the number of moles of OH- to determine the number of moles of H+ ions:

moles of H+ = moles of OH- = 0.0204 moles

We can then use the number of moles of H+ ions and the volume of the HCl solution to determine the concentration of the HCl solution:

Molarity = moles of solute/litres of solution

concentration of HCl = moles of H+ / (25 mL / 1000 mL/L) = 0.0204 moles / 0.025 L = 0.816 M (or 816 mM)

Therefore, the concentration of the HCl solution is 0.816 M (or 816 mM).

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The methods used to monitor a reaction as it occurs in the reaction flask are d) all the above

A polarimeter is an analytical hardware component that measures the polarization of light and is used to analyze the optical activity of chemicals. Optical activity refers to the ability of a material to rotate polarized light and the extent to which such a phenomenon occurs.

A spectrometer is one of the scientific instrument/method used to separate and measure the spectral components of physical phenomena. A spectrometer is a broad term often used to describe an instrument that measures a continuous variable of a phenomenon whose spectral components are mixed in some way.

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The three elements that are highly reactive belongs to alkali metals i.e., s-block elements that are lithium, sodium and potassium.

The elements that belongs to s block elements are hydrogen (H), lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). The nature of alkali metals is soft and shiny in appearance. They have low melting point and are highly reactive in nature and usually tarnish when exposed to air. Sodium (Na) is the most reactive element since it's valence electrons are not tightly held together in the atom. The three elements that are highly reactive are Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), and potassium (K). The elements toward the bottom left corner of the periodic table are the metals that are the most active in the sense of being the most reactive

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When gas is removed from a container with a fixed volume, the number of gas particles decreases, so there are fewer collisions and thus less pressure.

Additionally, the remaining gas particles have more space to move around, which also leads to a decrease in pressure. This can be visualized in the drawing by the decrease in the number of gas particles and the increased distance between them as gas is removed from the container.

As the gas particles decrease, there are fewer particles to collide with the walls of the container and therefore less force is exerted on the walls. This results in a decrease in the pressure inside the container.

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On adding 200g hydrochloric acid to excess calcium carbonate, the percent yield of carbon dioxide is equal to 82.84%.

200g of HCl was added to an excess amount of calcium carbonate to produce 100g of carbon dioxide along with water and calcium chloride. The reaction is written as:

CaCO₃ + 2HCl → H₂O + CO₂ + CaCl₂

Since calcium carbonate is excess, two moles of hydrochloric acid gives rise to one mole of carbon dioxide.

To calculate the percent yield, we can use stoichiometry,

The molar mass of hydrochloric acid = 36.46 g/mol

The molar mass of carbon dioxide = 44.01 g/mol

To calculate theoretical yield,

200g HCl/1 × 1 mole HCl/36.46g HCl × 1 mol CO₂ /2mol HCl × 44.01 mol CO₂/ 1 mole CO₂

= 120.707 g

To calculate the percent yield,

The amount of CO₂ produced = 100g

Dividing 100 by the theoretical yield

=  100/120.707 = 0.8284

Now multiplying the value by 100

= 0.8284 × 100 = 82.84 %

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The pressure of N2O gas at a density of 3.10 g/L and a temperature of 298 K is 751 mmHg. To calculate the pressure of the N2O gas at a given density and temperature, we can use the ideal gas law: PV = nRT.

We know that the density of the gas is 3.10 g/L, and the temperature is 298 K. To find the pressure, we can assume that the volume of the gas is 1 L, and solve for pressure. where P is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

The density of a gas can be converted to moles using the formula:

Density = m/V

m = Density*V

Now we can use the ideal gas law to calculate the pressure:

P = (mRT)/V

R is the ideal gas constant = 0.0821 L atm K^-1 mol^-1

P = (3.10g0.0821 L atm K^-1 mol^-1298 K)/1 L

P = 751 mmHg

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Answer:

  2

Explanation:

You want the coefficient of silver iodide in the equation ...

  _AgI +_Na₂S ⇒ _Ag₂S +_NaI

The equation is balanced when the numbers of each of the species is the same on each side of the equation.

We can write four equations in the four unknowns to find the coefficients, or we can use a little guesswork.

If we suppose the coefficient of silver sulfide (Ag₂S) is 1, that tells us the coefficient of silver iodide (AgI) will be 2. If that is the case, then there are two atoms of iodine that will make the coefficient of NaI be 2. This is consistent with the coefficient of Na₂S being 1, giving one Sulfur atom on each side of the equation.

The balanced equation is ...

  2AgI +Na₂S ⇒ Ag₂S +2NaI

The coefficient of silver iodide is 2.

__

Additional comment

If the reaction is ...

  a·AgI + b·Na₂S ⇒ c·Ag₂S + d·NaI

We can write the relationships between the coefficients as follows. This ultimately gives rise to 3 equations in 4 unknowns, so the choice of any given coefficient is arbitrary. We choose to use the smallest integers that satisfy the conditions.

The balance for Ag is ...

  a = 2c

The balance for I is ...

  a = d

The balance for Na is ...

  2b = d

The balance for S is ...

  b = c

Then, in terms of 'a' and 'b', we have ...

  a = d = 2b = 2c

For b = c = 1, a = d = 2, as we determined above.

The correct response is b) N - H. Because nitrogen is one of the most electronegative elements in the periodic table, its bond with hydrogen will be the most polar of all.

A polar covalent bond is a covalent association in which the atoms' electron attraction is uneven, resulting in unequal electron sharing. In a polar covalent bond, also known as a polar bond, the distribution of electrons surrounding the molecule is no longer symmetrical. Polar covalent bonds have an unequal distribution of electrons. The difference in electronegativity between the two elements would be between 0.4 and 1.7. The electronegativity gap between polar and nonpolar bonds is less than 0.4.

In this case, the right answer is b) N - H. Because nitrogen is one of the periodic table's most electronegative elements, its bond with hydrogen will be the most polar of all.

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Taking into account the definition of molarity,  the molarity of a solution made up of 15.5 mol of ammonium sulfate dissolved in enough water to make 45 liters of solution is 0.34 moles/L.

The molar concentration is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution, be it some molecular, ionic or atomic species and indicates the number of moles of solute contained in one liter of solution.

The molarity of a solution is calculated by:

molarity= number of moles÷ volume

Molarity is expressed in units moles/L.

In this case, you have:

Replacing in the definition of molarity:

molarity= 15.5 moles÷ 45 L

Solving:

molarity= 0.34 moles/L

Finally, the molarity of the solution is 0.34 moles/L.

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Hydroelectric power is one of the oldest and most widely used renewable sources of energy.

Globally we see that hydropower is by far the largest modern renewable source. Every country's top priority is to generate hydroelectric power so they have to rely less on nuclear and coal power plants.

Hydroelectric power is generated by using the elevation difference,  created by a dam or diversion-like structure of water flowing in on one side and out, far below, on the other side.

If we talk about some countries, Hydropower currently generates 31.5% of total U.S. renewable electricity generation.

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After solving the equation: The new volume of the balloon will be 600 cm3.

Volume is a measure of the three-dimensional space occupied by a substance or object. In chemistry, volume is most commonly measured in liters (L). It is used to measure the amount of a substance that is present. For instance, when performing a reaction, the volume of the reactants is measured to determine the molar amounts of the reactants.

This is because the volume of a balloon is directly proportional to its temperature. So when a balloon is heated, the volume increases. In this case, the balloon's temperature was increased by 30 cm, so the volume was increased by 300 cm3 (30 cm x 10 cm3, since the volume of a balloon is proportional to its temperature to the power of 3). Thus, the new volume is 600 cm3 (300 cm3 + 300 cm3).

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In chemistry, a sigma bond (σ bond) is a chemical bond formed by the overlap of two atomic orbitals. On the other hand, a pi bond (π bond) is a chemical bond formed by the overlap of two p orbitals.

Sigma bonds are the strongest type of covalent bond, with a bond strength of about 280-350 kJ/mol. They are also the shortest bond, with an average length of about 0.15 nanometers (nm).

Sigma bonds are characterized by their short bond length and high bond energy. They are also directional, meaning that they are stronger in certain orientations than in others.

Pi bonds are weaker than sigma bonds, with a bond strength of about 70-100 kJ/mol. They are also longer than sigma bonds, with an average length of about 0.2nm.

Pi bonds are characterized by their longer bond length and lower bond energy compared to sigma bonds. They are also less directional than sigma bonds, meaning that they are relatively equally strong in all orientations.

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Covalent bonds has two types which are a sigma bond is a chemical bond formed by the overlap of two atomic orbitals and a pi bond (π bond) is a chemical bond formed by the overlap of two p orbitals.

Covalent bond is defined as a type of bond which is formed by the mutual sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between the two atoms.These electron pairs are called as bonding pairs or shared pair of electrons.

Due to the sharing of valence electrons , the atoms are able to achieve a stable electronic configuration . Covalent bonding involves many types of interactions like σ bonding,π bonding ,metal-to-metal bonding ,etc.

Sigma bonds are the strongest covalent bonds while the pi bonds are weaker covalent bonds .Covalent bonds are affected by electronegativities of the atoms present in the molecules.Compounds having covalent bonds have lower melting points as compared to those with ionic bonds.

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The amount of matter contained within an object is commonly referred to as mass. The most typical way to measure it is as inertial mass, which refers to an object's resistance to acceleration under the influence of a net force. 

Although the size of an object and its mass are frequently associated, larger objects do not always have more mass. For instance, an inflated balloon would have substantially less mass than a silver golf ball. Although there are numerous alternative units used to describe mass around the world, the kilogram is the accepted unit of mass according to the International System of Units (SI) (kg).

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Diatomic elements are important because they make up a significant portion of the Earth's atmosphere and are crucial for many biological and chemical processes.

Diatomic elements are elements that exist in nature as molecules made up of two atoms of the same element, such as H2, O2, N2, and F2.

A diatomic atom is one that cannot exist on its own. There are no single O atoms floating around in the sky. Because O atoms must exist in pairs, oxygen occurs as O2. These atoms are too unstable to live on their own.

This elements are different from other elemental substances because they are composed of multiple atoms of the same element, rather than a single atom or a mixture of different elements.

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Te, S, and c are the following sets of elements, and they will all produce ions with a charge of two (option b).

An essential element of a totality. In chemistry, a simple substance is one that cannot be divided into smaller components or transformed into another substance. An element's fundamental building block is an atom, which is made up of protons, neutrons, & electrons. The number of atoms in an element's protons is continuous.

Earth, Water, Wind, Fire, Ice, Thunder, Time, Flower, Shadow, Light, and Moon are the twelve natural elements. These simplified terminology for more advanced and complicated compounds refer to each of these elements.

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Sodium chloride reacts with silver nitrate.  NaCl + AgNO3 → AgCl + NaNO3

intermolecular forces present in it.

The attracting and repellent forces that develop between the molecules of a substance are known as intermolecular forces or IMF for short. Individual molecules of a substance interact with one another through the mediation of these forces.

Most of the physical and chemical features of matter are caused by intermolecular forces.

An intermolecular force is an attractive force that develops between the protons or positive parts of one molecule and the electrons or negative parts of another molecule. This force affects a substance's many physical and chemical properties. The strength of a material's intermolecular forces directly relates to the boiling point of that substance; the stronger the intermolecular forces, the higher the boiling point.

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The boiling point of a substance is determined by the strength of the interparticle forces between molecules.

Boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid changes state from liquid to gas, also known as its vaporization point. The boiling point of water at sea level is 100°C (212°F).

In the case of SiH4, the boiling point is higher than that of SiO2 due to the stronger nature of the intermolecular forces. This is because SiH4 is held together by stronger hydrogen bonds, resulting in more energy needed to break apart the molecules. On the other hand, SiO2 is held together by weaker dipole-dipole interactions and London dispersion forces, meaning it requires less energy to break apart the molecules and thus has a lower boiling point.

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the oxidation number of the oxygen atoms in h2o2 and the oxidation number of the oxygen atoms in o2 is -1 and 0

An atom's oxidation number (also known as oxidation state) in a chemical is an amount that represents the amount of electron density gained or lost by the atom during in the formation of the compound. In general, the oxidising number of an element in a compound can be determined using the following rules: n element's oxidising number is null whenever it is unrestricted (uncombined). The oxidation number of a polyatomic ion is equivalent towards the ion's charge. We can use these rules to calculate the oxidation number of the oxygen atoms in H2O2 and O2: In H2O2, the oxidation number of the oxygen atoms is -1. This is because the compound is neutral and the hydrogen atoms have an oxidation number of +1, so the oxygen atoms must have an oxidation number of -1 in order for the sum of all the oxidation numbers to be zero. In O2, the oxidation number of the oxygen atoms is 0. This is because the compound is a diatomic molecule and the oxidation number of the free element oxygen is 0.

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Answer:

both are only physical changes

Answer:both are only chemical

Explanation:

There are 5,944 carbon atoms in 2.12 moles of propane, and 15,528 hydrogen atoms in 2.12 moles of propane.

What is carbon?

Carbon is an element that occurs in nature and is essential for life. It is the fourth most abundant element in the universe and is present in all living organisms. Carbon exists in many different forms, including graphite, diamond, amorphous carbon, and fullerenes. Carbon is a key component of organic molecules, which are the building blocks of life. Carbon also plays an important role in the global carbon cycle.

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The final temperature of the mixture when no heat loss to the surroundings is equal to 69.57 °C

The specific heat capacity can be defined as the amount of heat required to increase the temperature in 1 unit of substance by 1° Celcius.

The specific heat capacity can be expressed in the form of the mentioned formula below:

Q = mSΔT

The specific heat capacity of the water, S = 4.184 J/g°C

The heat lost by water = heat gained by the ice

Heat lost by water = heat gained by the ice + heat increased by the water

m₁S₁ (T₂ - T₁) = m₂L + m₂S₂ (T₂ - T₁)

103.5 × 4.18 × (73- T) = 13.1  × (2.03) + 5 × 4.18 × (T-0)

31582 - 432.63 T = 26.59 + 20.9 T

453.53 T = 31555

T = 69.57 °C

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The freezing point of the solution after you add an additional 1.34 g is -0.808°C.

A solution's freezing point is lower than the pure solvent's freezing point. This means that for freezing to happen, a solution needs to be cooled to a lower temperature than the pure solvent.

We use the equation: to determine the mass of the solution

Density = mass/volume

1.05 g/ml = mass/ 50ml

mass = 1.05×50

mass = 52.5g.

Percentage of magnesium chloride in the solution is 1.52%

Mass of magnesium chloride in the solution = 1.52 % of 52.5 g

Mass of magnesium chloride in the solution = 1.52/100×52.5

Mass of magnesium chloride in the solution = 0.798g

The following equation is used to determine depression in freezing point:

ΔTf = Freezing point of pure solution - Freezing point of solution

ΔTf = i Kf m

Freezing point of pure solution - Freezing point of solution = i Kf m

m =  m solute × 100/M solute × W solvent

Given values,

Freezing point of pure solution (water) is 0°C

i is Vant hoff factor = 2.5

Kf molal freezing point elevation constant = 1.86°C/m

m solute given mass of solute (magnesium chloride) = [0.798 + 1.34] g

m solute = 2.138 g

M solute molar mass of solute (magnesium chloride) = 95.2 g/mol

W solvent mass of solvent (water) = [52.5 - 0.798] g = 51.702 g

substitute the given values,

0 - Freezing point of solution = 1×1.86×2.138×1000/95.2×51.702

Freezing point of solution = -0.808°C.

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Complete question is " A 50 mL solution is initially 1.52% MgCl₂ by mass and has a density of 1.05 g/ml

What is the freezing point of the solution after you add an additional 1.34 g MgCl₂? (Use i = 2.5 for MgCl₂)."

Atoms are basically the smallest units of matter. They are made up of  protons, neutrons and electrons.

The periodic table is a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements which are organized on the basis of their atomic numbers, electron configurations, and recurring chemical properties. The periodic table lists the elements in order of increasing atomic number and grouped into rows (periods) and columns (groups). The elements in the same column have similar chemical properties, with the elements in the same row having similar outer electron configurations.

Atom X: Number of protons = 6

Atom Y: Number of protons = 6

b. Atoms X and Atom Y are in the same family; but not the same row; in the periodic table.

Hence, Option B is correct.

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The question is:

Question 3 (5 points) (02.06 MC) The table compares some characteristics of two atoms_ Charged Particles Atom Number 0f Neutrons Mass Number] Use the table t0 determine the number of protons for each atom: Then_ choose the statement below that Is true about the two atoms_ points) Atom X and Atom are in the same row; but not the same family; on the periodic table Atoms X and Atom Y are in the same family; but not the same row; in the periodic table; Atom Xis in a column to the right of Atom Y in the periodic table: Atom X and Atom occupy the same position in the periodic table because they are isotopes.

108gm of hydrogen gas is present in2600ml container at 35-degree Celsius and at pressure of 165mm Hg.

Given data:

water = 2600ml

temp = 35°C & 95k

pressure = 165mm Hg & 0.162atm

From given information we apply ideal das equation to get moles.

PV = nRT

0.162atm * 2600ml = n 0.0821 * 95k

n = 54

Now we know 1 mole of hydrogen contain 2.016gm hydrogen.

In 54 moles we have 108gm hydrogen.

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The heat in joules is released when 25. 0 g of water (C = 4. 184 J/g°C) is cooled from 80. 0°C to 30. 0°C is -5210 J

To find the amount of heat released when a substance is cooled, we can use the equation:

q = mcΔT

where q is the amount of heat (in joules), m is the mass of the substance (in grams), c is the specific heat capacity of the substance (in joules per gram per degree Celsius), and ΔT is the change in temperature (in degrees Celsius).

Given the information in the question, we have:

m = 25.0 g

c = 4.184 J/g°C

ΔT = 30.0°C - 80.0°C = -50.0°C

So, we can substitute these values into the equation and get:

q = (25.0 g)(4.184 J/g°C)(-50.0°C)

q = -5210 J

Therefore, the amount of heat released when 25.0 g of water is cooled from 80.0°C to 30.0°C is -5210 J.

A negative sign means the heat is absorbed during the cooling process, it is an endothermic process.

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HCl is the most polar due to the high electronegativity of Cl.

Hydrogen chloride is a diatomic molecule, composed of a hydrogen atom, H, and a chlorine atom, Cl, joined by a polar covalent bond. The bond is a polar covalent bond because the chlorine atom is much more electronegative than the hydrogen atom.

Positively charged protons in the nucleus attract negatively charged electrons. As the number of protons in the nucleus increases, the electronegativity, or attractive force, increases. Therefore, electronegativity increases in a row from left to right on the periodic table.

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Answer:

c

Explanation:

valence is the number of electrons in the outer most she'll.. therefore all elements in the same group have the same valences for example group one elements have a valence of one

I hope this helps