What products are used to start the light-independent reactions?

Answers

Answer 1

The products used to start the light dependent reactions are NADPH and ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) molecules.

The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis take place within the stroma. Light dependent reactions are the reactions occurring inside chloroplast region with the help of chlorophyll in which energy is used in the form of ATP molecules to produce carbohydrate molecules. This reaction is also known as photophosphorylation reaction. ATP and NADPH are produced during light reactions which are utilized in the light independent reaction, also known as dark reaction or Calvin cycle. In this reaction, carbon fixation and carbon assimilation takes place and ATP and NADPH are used to drive the biosynthetic phase of photosynthesis.  

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Related Questions

What are the 4 bases of DNA and how do they pair?

Answers

The four base pairs in DNA are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T) (T). These bases come in particular pairs (A with T, and G with C).

Chargaff's rules are particular patterns for how the bases go together. According to these criteria, adenine and thymine are always paired, while cytosine and guanine are. They bear Edwin Chargaff's name, the researcher who discovered the pattern, as their namesake. According to Chargaff, all DNA molecules typically contain an equal ratio of adenine to thymine and cytosine to guanine. He postulated that if one complimentary base was present, the other side of the DNA helix must include the other, and as a result, he developed the base-pairing principles that are still in use today.

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What do you mean by the term,' Weed'?​

Answers

Answer:

weed means which feed on plants and takes nutrients from them weed also stops the growth of plant

so we have to uproot weed

What is the conflict between Curley and slim?

Answers

The conflict between Curley and Slim revolves around Curley's insecurity and jealousy of Slim's ability.

What do you mean  by Insecurity?

Insecurity is a feeling of anxiety or fear caused by the belief that one is vulnerable or incapable of handling a situation. It is an emotion that is usually related to a lack of self-confidence or self-esteem.

Curley is jealous of Slim's natural authority and power on the ranch, and he tries to show Slim up by challenging him or trying to prove he is smarter. Slim is unimpressed by Curley's attempts and sees him as an annoying nuisance.

What is Conflict?

Conflict is a clash between two or more opposing forces or ideas. It can occur between individuals, as in a disagreement or argument, or between groups, as in a war or other form of violence. Conflict can be either physical or psychological, and it can range from minor and manageable to explosive and destructive.

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Did Claire abuse ether in the Outlander books?

Answers

American author Diana Gabaldon is the creator of the historical fantasy series Outlander. [1] Diana Gabaldon began work on the first book in the Outlander series, Outlander, in the late 1980s. It was published in 1991.

Of the ten volumes she had planned, nine have already been published. [3] The ninth book in the series, Go Tell the Bees That I Am Gone, was released on November 23, 2021. The protagonist of the Outlander television series is the 20th-century British nurse Claire Randall, who time travels to 18th-century Scotland and finds romance and adventure with the dashing Highland warrior Jamie Fraser. The books have sold more than 25 million copies worldwide as of August 2014.

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4. Which of the following is an example of kinetic energy?

Answers

Answer:

2nd or B

Explanation:

Kinetic energy is energy in motion. it couldn't be A, because the roller coater isn't moving. It couldn't be C, because that is called potential energy. It can't be D because the light is off.

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Figure 1 is a proposed model of the feedback system controlling erythrocyte (red blood cell) production.
Air is less dense at very high elevations, so less oxygen is available than in the denser air at sea level. Based on the model in Figure 1, if a person travels from sea level to a high elevation location, which of the following correctly predicts the response to the decreased blood oxygen level?
answer choices
More erythropoietin will be secreted from the kidneys, decreasing production of erythrocytes.
More erythropoietin will be secreted from the kidneys, increasing production of erythrocytes.
Less erythropoietin will be secreted from the kidneys, decreasing production of erythrocytes.
Less erythropoietin will be secreted from the kidneys, increasing production of erythrocytes.

Answers

If a person travels from sea level to a high-elevation location, the feedback system response to the decreased blood oxygen level is:

more erythropoietin will be secreted from the kidneys, increasing the production of erythrocytes.

The correct option is B.

What is a feedback system?

A feedback system is a system that is controlled or regulated by a product of that system.

Feedback systems are employed in biological systems in order to ensure that no metabolic pathway is over-induced. The products of that pathway or another molecule may serve as positive feedback or negative feedback regulator.

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Complete question:

The missing figure is attached

With the aid of a diagram state the processes of egg formation.​

Answers

The Yolk – It starts with the yolk forming in the hen’s ovary. When the yolk reaches the right size, it is released into the oviduct, where the rest of the egg will form.

The White – In its journey through the oviduct, the next layer to be added is the egg white (albumen). This layer takes about 3 hours to be formed.

The Shell Membrane – The next layer to be added in the oviduct is the shell membrane. This takes about 1.25 hours. It is a very thin layer between the egg white and the shell, and it almost looks like tissue paper. Have you ever cracked an egg shell but the egg didn’t break? The shell membrane was still intact holding everything together.

The Shell – The egg then reaches the hen’s uterus, also known as the shell gland. This is where the shell is added to the egg. The shell is also formed in layers over the course of 19 hours, where pigment is also added. All egg shells begin as white. Blue and brown pigments are added during the shell forming process. The color of the pigment depends on the breed of chicken.

An interesting note about egg coloration. Brown pigment is added last in the formation of an egg shell. It is only found on the surface of the egg. When you crack open a brown egg, the inside of the egg shell will be white. Blue pigment is added early in the shell formation process. The color will penetrate the entire shell. When you crack open a blue egg, the inside of the shell will be blue. Green eggs are a combination of brown and blue pigments. White eggs contain no pigment at all.

The Bloom – The bloom is the protective layer or cuticle that covers the egg shell and is the last layer added in egg formation. It is added after the egg leaves the uterus, right before it exits from the hen’s vent. This coating seals out bacteria and maintains the moisture inside the egg. Leaving the bloom intact will help keep your eggs fresher, longer.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Egg formation, also known as ovulation, is the process by which a mature female reproductive cell, or ovum, is released from the ovary. This process occurs in the female reproductive system, which is responsible for the production, maturation, and release of eggs as well as the production of hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle.

Here is a diagram illustrating the process of egg formation:

The process begins with the hypothalamus, a region of the brain that produces hormones that stimulate the pituitary gland to release follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).

FSH travels through the bloodstream and stimulates the ovarian follicles, which are small sacs containing an immature egg.

One of the ovarian follicles begins to mature and secrete estrogen, a hormone that stimulates the growth and development of the female reproductive organs and the development of secondary sexual characteristics.

As the follicle continues to mature, it releases increasing amounts of estrogen, which causes the lining of the uterus (endometrium) to thicken in preparation for pregnancy.

Around the midpoint of the menstrual cycle, the level of estrogen in the body reaches a peak, triggering the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland.

LH stimulates the mature follicle to rupture and release the egg, a process called ovulation.

The egg is then swept into the fallopian tube, where it may be fertilized by sperm if sexual intercourse has occurred.

If the egg is not fertilized, it will be expelled from the body during the next menstrual period.

I hope this helps!

What is the relationship between a zebra and a lion

Answers

Answer:

The Zebra's The Lion's Dinner

Explanation:

I don't really need to explain this much I don't think. The Zebra's the prey, and the Lion is the hunter. Thanks! Have a good day!

Answer:

the relationship between a zebra and a lion would be prey(zebra) and predator(lion).

Explanation:

the zebra is the prey because it is an herbivore and does not hunt other animals. the lion is the predator because it is an carnivore meaning it hunts other animals(usually weaker than said predator).

alaltion
(6) biridity
Inheritance
d) resemblance
2. The tendency of offspring to differ from parents is calle

Answers

2. The tendency of offspring to differ from parents is called inheritance

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Using cultural practices to combat pests is generally better for the environment than using pesticides.

A. True
B. False

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

True cause pesticide can end up killing other bugs you don't wanna kill like bees

Yeah the answer is true

Question 2 of 6 Which two pieces of data could indicate that a volcano is about to erupt? A. A decrease in the ocean level near a mountain range B. An increase in temperature near Earth's surface C. A change in the types of gas detected in the air D. A drop in average air temperature in one region​

Answers

Answer:

Please identify your answer

What percent of Earth’s fresh water is surface water available for human use?

A)

about 1%

B)

about 7%

C)

about 50%

D)

about 97%

E)

about 99%

Answers

Answer:

A only 1% of water is available for Us Humans to Use.

Which of these are examples of polygenic traits?

blood type in humans and birth weight in calves
birth weight in calves and eye color in humans
eye color in humans and blood type in humans
flower color in snapdragons and birth weight in calves

Answers

The examples of polygenic traits is birth weight in calves and eye color in humans.

What is the polygenic traits?

A polygenic trait  can be described as the characteristic,  which could be  height or skin color, that is influenced by two or more genes.

It should be noted that this can be seen as a result of multiple genes which are involved, however the polygenic traits do not follow the patterns of Mendelian inheritance.

In conclusion,  Many polygenic traits  can be seen to be influenced by the environment  hence examples of polygenic traits is birth weight in calves.

Therefore, option B is correct.

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Answer: option B is correct birth weight in calves and eye color in humans. hope this helps

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If each mark on the circle in the model above stands for approximately one day, in about how many days will the moon be in its last quarter phase?​​

Answers

Answer:

7 days.

Explanation:

In 7 days the moon will be in its last quarter phase. In the last quarter phase, the half part of the moon is illuminated and the other half is hide in darkness. The illumination of the sides of the moon provide information about the dates of the month. Last quarter phase is also called third phase of the moon. In this phase, the Moon is in quadrature and has the elongation of 270 degree. It is also the indication that the half cycle of the moon is completed and the other half is started.

Spirilla is what type of bacteria​

Answers

Spirilla is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria in the family Spirillaceae of the Nitrosomonadales of the Betaproteobacteria. There are two species of Spirillum with validly or effectively published names - Spirillum winogradskyi and Spirillum volutans.
It is a gram negative bacteria

what is the function of valves between the heart chambers

Answers

The valves prevent the backward flow of blood. These valves are actual flaps that are located on each end of the two ventricles (lower chambers of the heart). They act as one-way inlets of blood on one side of a ventricle and one-way outlets of blood on the other side of a ventricle.
Tricuspid valve. This valve is located between the right atrium and the right ventricle.
Pulmonary valve. The pulmonary valve is located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.
Mitral valve. This valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle. It has only 2 leaflets.
Aortic valve. The aortic valve is located between the left ventricle and the aorta.

Describe how radio telescopes are used to explore space.

Answers

Answer:

A radio telescope is a form of radio receiver used in astronomy. In contrast to an "ordinary" telescope, which receives visible light, a radio telescope sees radio waves emitted by radio sources, typically by means of a large parabolic (or a "dish") antenna, or arrays of them.

Explanation:

How will you determine the percentage germination of mongo seeds?

Answers

The percentage germination of mongo seeds is an important measure in evaluating seed quality. It is also used to determine seedling vigor, which is important for successful seedling establishment and growth.

To determine the percentage germination of mongo seeds, one should first prepare the sample. This involves counting out the desired number of seeds and placing them in a container filled with warm water. The water should be changed and the seeds should be agitated periodically for about 12 hours. After 12 hours, the seeds should be drained and placed in a moist paper towel.

Once the seeds have been placed in the moist paper towel, they should be incubated in a warm location for several days. This allows the seeds to begin the germination process. During the incubation period, the paper towel should be monitored and kept moist.

Once the germination process has begun, the percentage germination can be calculated. To do this, the seeds should be counted and the number of seeds that have germinated should be recorded. The percentage of germination can then be calculated by dividing the number of germinated seeds by the total number of seeds, and multiplying the result by 100.

Another important part of the process is determining the quality of germination.

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Which condition had the greatest impact on the emergence of new species in Earth's history?
A. continental drift
B. mass extinction
C. adaption
D. convolution

Answers

answer B because as soon as dinosaurs got impact by the volcanic eruptions which after that caused new species of different animals on earth

PLZZZZ HElppp
pLZZZZZ

Answers

Answer:

B. Double replacement reaction

Explanation:

A double displacement reaction is a type of reaction where 2 reactants exchange parts to form two new compounds.

B. This is the answer ✌️

Can a single snail reproduce?

Answers

Yes, a single snail can reproduce. Because each snail produce sperm as well as eggs, they have more than one option when it comes to reproduce, that is they can either find a mate, or they can fertilize themselves.

Can snails reproduce alone?

Snails can reproduce alone. Snails have both female and male reproductive cells as they are hermaphrodite. Snails do not need to mate with another snail in order to reproduce. Self fertilization in snail is possible.

Snails are hermaphroditic, which means they have both male and female reproductive organs. Because of this feature, snails can produce eggs individually, rather than relying on a mate.

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Why are detritivores important to an ecosystem

Answers

Answer:

Detritivores are an important part of ecosystems because they contribute to the decomposition and recycling of nutrients.

Explanation:

hope this helps

2. TRUE OR FALSE: Most members of a species show differences, or
variations.

O true
O False

Answers

False is ur answer ur welcome :)

Answer:

True.

Explanation:

There is a thing called bio-diversity, which means that even though siblings might be the same gender, they won't look exactly the same. Same with animals. Some animals might be bigger, faster, stronger, or smarter than others from the same species.

A gene that codes for resistance to glyphosate, a biodegradable weedkiller, has been inserted into certain plants. How will the gene help these plants?.

Answers

In some plants, a gene that codes for resistance to the biodegradable weedkiller glyphosate has been inserted. This will help the gene to (4) survive when glyphosate is applied to them.

Glyphosate is a weed killer (herbicide) according to the question, which means that it kills plants when applied to them. On the other hand, certain plants acquire resistance to glyphosate when a gene encoding that resistance is inserted into their genomes.

Because the herbicide will no longer be able to kill the plants with the resistant gene because of this resistance, the plants with the resistant genes are able to survive when glyphosate is applied to them.

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(complete question)

A gene that codes for resistance to glyphosate, a biodegradable weedkiller, has been inserted into certain plants. How will the gene help these plants?

(1) produce chemicals that kill weeds growing near them

(2) die when exposed to glyphosate

(3) convert glyphosate into fertilizer

(4) survive when glyphosate is applied to them

Which of the following helps prevent erosion? (select 2 answers).


Ice


Trees


Rain


Rivers


Plants (Vegetation)

Answers

Answer:

Trees and Plants

Explanation:

Please help will give brainliest

Answers

asexual, as it is the act of only one parent reproducing

Answer:

b asexual

Explanation:

Asexuality is the lack of sexual attraction to others, or low or absent interest in or desire for sexual activity. It may be considered a sexual orientation or the lack thereof. It may also be categorized more widely to include a broad spectrum of asexual sub-identities.And only involved with one parent

Adipose cells store nothing but glucose. true or false

Answers

Answer: False

Explanation:

Answer:

The answer to your question in false.

What are the steps a botanist likely might follow in the discovery of a new plant species? Describe at least two
steps.

Answers

Answer:

Reminder to be happy, go drink some water, eat some food and relax! You are loved :) <3

Explanation:

Native to the southeastern us, what is the largest and most venomous snake in north america?

Answers

answer :

eastern diamondback rattlesnake.

Native to the southeastern US Rattlesnake, is the largest and most venomous snake in north America.

Rattlesnakes are the largest venomous snakes found in the United States, and numerous species can be found in the country's ecosystems. They can strike one-third of their body length or more quickly and accurately from any position, whether they are coiled or stretched out.

Although they may not always rattle before biting, rattlesnakes may use their rattles as a warning when they feel threatened. They may be seen lying on the ground next to open areas, logs, or boulders. Rattlesnakes inhabit a variety of habitats, including beaches, prairies, mountains, and deserts, where people work. For the treatment of signs of progressive envenomation (such as worsening local tissue injury and systemic symptoms), antivenom is recommended.

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I like Payton my teacher of biology he is 17 what do I do and he lives far away and doesn't know that I exist

Answers

Answer:

we should cry.

Explanation:

because he doesn't know you exist. That means that he doesn't like you, get over Payton find someone who finds interest in you.

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